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Wu CF, Wu HJ, Shih CL, Yeh TP, Ma WF. Efficacy of turmeric in the treatment of oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer after radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1363202. [PMID: 38560351 PMCID: PMC10978772 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1363202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Oral mucositis is a major complication for head and neck cancer (HNC) patients after radiotherapy or chemotherapy. A meta-analysis was performed to assess the efficacy of turmeric in the treatment of oral mucositis in HNC patients. Methods Randomized controlled trials investigating our topic were included in the meta-analysis. The clinical outcomes considered were the severity of oral mucositis, pain level, and weight loss. Results A total of eight articles that met our inclusion criteria were included in our meta-analysis. At the 3-week follow-up visit, the turmeric group showed significantly lower grades of oral mucositis compared to the control group (p = 0.03). When compared to the placebo group, a significant difference in the degree of oral mucositis was observed at the 4-(p = 0.03) and 6-week (p < 0.00001) follow-up visits. No significant difference in pain levels was observed between the turmeric and control groups at any of the follow-up visits. However, a significant improvement in pain levels for the turmeric group when compared with the placebo group was observed only at the 6-week follow-up visit (p = 0.006). Interestingly, a significant improvement in pain levels was observed for the turmeric group at the 2-, 4-, 5-, and 6-week follow-up visits (p < 0.05) when compared to the non-placebo group. The turmeric group showed less weight loss than the control group at the final follow-up visit (p = 0.03). conclusion Our meta-analysis showed that using turmeric may be effective in improving both the severity of oral mucositis and pain levels in HNC patients who have received radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy. In addition, the turmeric group experienced less weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiu-Feng Wu
- Department of Nursing, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan
- Doctoral Candidate, Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Juan Wu
- Institute of Medical Informatics, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi County, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lung Shih
- Clinical Research Center, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Pei Yeh
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Fen Ma
- Department of Nursing, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Healthcare, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Liu M, An R, Wu Z, Dai L, Zeng Q, Chen W. The Trajectory of Oral Mucositis in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy and its Influencing Factors. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2024:1455613241228211. [PMID: 38334289 DOI: 10.1177/01455613241228211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral mucositis (OM) is a common and severe side effect of radiotherapy in head and neck cancer (HNC). The study aimed to investigate the longitudinal changes in OM and its influencing factors in patients with HNC during radiotherapy. METHODS This was a retrospective longitudinal observational study. From July 2022 to March 2023, patients with HNC undergoing radiation therapy were enrolled. OM, oral hygiene, oral infections, oral pain, feeding route, and laboratory indicators were measured at 7 times. The influencing factors of OM were analyzed using generalized estimation equations (GEEs). RESULTS A total of 160 patients were included in this study. The prevalence of severe OM at T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, and T6 was 0, 0, 2.5%, 9.4%, 26.9%, 24.4%, and 26.9%, respectively. The prevalence of grade 1-2 OM at T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, and T6 was 0, 16.3%, 53.1%, 65.1%, 61.9%, 70.7%, and 71.3%, respectively. Duration of diagnosis, clinical stage, N stage, M stage, surgery, diabetes, radiotherapy dose, oral hygiene, oral infection, oral pain, feeding route, and lymphocyte impacted OM significantly in the GEEs multivariate model. CONCLUSIONS OM occurs in almost all patients with HNC who undergo radiotherapy. Changes in the severity of OM are a dynamic process, with the severity increasing with the cumulative radiotherapy dose. Specialist oral evaluation and oral care are needed to alleviate the severity of OM in HNC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meizi Liu
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ran An
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zitong Wu
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Leping Dai
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiaomiao Zeng
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenfeng Chen
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Choudhury M, Brunton P, Schwass D, Pletzer D, Ratnayake J, Dias G, Tompkins G. Effectiveness of gold nanoparticles in prevention and treatment of oral mucositis in animal models: a systematic review. Syst Rev 2024; 13:39. [PMID: 38273391 PMCID: PMC10809540 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-023-02425-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral mucositis remains a significant complication during cancer therapy with no effective treatment. Gold nanoparticles offer anti-inflammatory, antioxidant properties with low toxicity. This study systematically reviews the literature assessing gold nanoparticles in the management of oral mucositis in animal models. METHODS A literature search was undertaken using MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science databases, using the format for Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation. Prior to the review, the protocol was registered in the systematic review register, PROSPERO (registration no. CRD42021272169). Outcome measures included ulceration, histopathological scores, inflammatory mediators, microbial growth, and pain. Study quality was analysed by SYRCLE risk-of-bias tool. RESULTS Only one study met the inclusion criteria, documenting reduction in ulceration, inflammatory, and oxidative biomarkers. Exposure to AuNPs prevented inflammatory response induced by 5-fluorouracil in oral mucosa of hamsters. However, a high risk of bias necessitates further research. CONCLUSION This review identifies a potential therapeutic strategy for prevention and management of oral mucositis. It also provides future direction for gold nanoparticle research in oral mucositis; however, there is lack of sufficient evidence to derive any conclusion. Research with standardized parameters including nanoparticle size, capping agent, surface charge, and appropriate oral mucositis animal models will establish risk-benefit balance and margin of safety for therapeutic use of gold nanoparticles for oral mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minati Choudhury
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
- Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Paul Brunton
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- DVCA, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Donald Schwass
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Pletzer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | - Jithendra Ratnayake
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - George Dias
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Geoffrey Tompkins
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Vieira GDS, Kimura TDC, Scarini JF, de Lima-Souza RA, Lavareze L, Emerick C, Gonçalves MT, Damas II, Figueiredo-Maciel T, Sales de Sá R, Aquino IG, Gonçalves de Paiva JP, Fernandes PM, Gonçalves MWA, Kowalski LP, Altemani A, Fillmore GC, Mariano FV, Egal ESA. Hematopoietic colony-stimulating factors in head and neck cancers: Recent advances and therapeutic challenges. Cytokine 2024; 173:156417. [PMID: 37944421 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) are key cytokines responsible for the production, maturation, and mobilization of the granulocytic and macrophage lineages from the bone marrow, which have been gaining attention for playing pro- and/or anti-tumorigenic roles in cancer. Head and neck cancers (HNCs) represent a group of heterogeneous neoplasms with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Treatment for HNCs is still limited even with the advancements in cancer immunotherapy. Novel treatments for patients with recurrent and metastatic HNCs are urgently needed. This article provides an in-depth review of the role of hematopoietic cytokines such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), and interleukin-3 (IL-3; also known as multi-CSF) in the HNCs tumor microenvironment. We have reviewed current results from clinical trials using CSFs as adjuvant therapy to treat HNCs patients, and also clinical findings reported to date on the therapeutic application of CSFs toxicities arising from chemoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo de Souza Vieira
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Talita de Carvalho Kimura
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Figueira Scarini
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Reydson Alcides de Lima-Souza
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luccas Lavareze
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Emerick
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mayara Trevizol Gonçalves
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Iara Damas
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tayná Figueiredo-Maciel
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raisa Sales de Sá
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iara Gonçalves Aquino
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Gonçalves de Paiva
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Maria Fernandes
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Moisés Willian Aparecido Gonçalves
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otolaryngology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Albina Altemani
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gary Chris Fillmore
- Biorepository and Molecular Pathology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah (UU), Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Fernanda Viviane Mariano
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Erika Said Abu Egal
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Biorepository and Molecular Pathology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah (UU), Salt Lake City, UT, United States.
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Ramírez-Carmona W, Fernandes GLP, Díaz-Fabregat B, Oliveira EC, do Prado RL, Pessan JP, Monteiro DR. Effectiveness of fluconazole as antifungal prophylaxis in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or immunotherapy: systematic review and meta-analysis. APMIS 2023; 131:668-684. [PMID: 37199283 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
This review assessed the effectiveness of fluconazole as antifungal prophylaxis on the incidence of oral fungal diseases in patients undergoing cancer treatment. The secondary outcomes evaluated were the adverse effects, discontinuation of cancer therapy due to oral fungal infection, mortality by a fungal infection, and the mean duration of antifungal prophylaxis. Twelve databases and records were searched. The RoB 2 and ROBINS I tools were used to assess the risk of bias. The relative risk (RR), risk difference, and standard mean difference (SMD) were applied with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The certainty of the evidence was determined by GRADE. Twenty-four studies were included in this systematic review. In randomized controlled trials pooling, fluconazole was a protective factor for the primary outcome (RR = 0.30; CI: 0.16, 0.55; p < 0.01, vs placebo). Compared to other antifungals, fluconazole was only more effective than the subgroup of amphotericin B and nystatin (alone or in combination) (RR = 0.19; CI: 0.09, 0.43; p < 0.01). Fluconazole was also a protective factor in non-randomized trials pooling (RR = 0.19; CI: 0.05, 0.78; p = 0.02, vs untreated). The results showed no significant differences for the secondary outcomes. The certainty of the evidence was low and very low. In conclusion, prophylactic antifungals are necessary during cancer treatment, and fluconazole was shown to be more effective in reducing oral fungal diseases only compared with the subgroup assessing amphotericin B and nystatin, administered alone or in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilmer Ramírez-Carmona
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba/São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Leal Peres Fernandes
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba/São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Díaz-Fabregat
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba/São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Evelyn Carmo Oliveira
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba/São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosana Leal do Prado
- School of Dentistry, Presidente Prudente, University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente/São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliano Pelim Pessan
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba/São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Douglas Roberto Monteiro
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba/São Paulo, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Presidente Prudente, University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente/São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente/São Paulo, Brazil
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Iovoli AJ, Turecki L, Qiu ML, Khan M, Smith K, Yu H, Ma SJ, Farrugia MK, Singh AK. Severe Oral Mucositis After Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2337265. [PMID: 37819659 PMCID: PMC10568356 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.37265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Oral mucositis (OM) is a common and debilitating adverse effect observed in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) receiving radiation therapy (RT). Previous studies examining associations between OM and clinical outcomes were performed in the era of 3-dimensional conformal RT planning with low rates of concurrent chemotherapy, and thus may not reflect current practice. Objective To prospectively assess patient-reported OM and identify its associations with clinical outcomes and quality of life. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study performed at a single institution included 702 consecutive patients who underwent definitive or adjuvant intensity-modulated RT (IMRT) for primary HNC from February 9, 2015, to May 27, 2022. Data were analyzed from November 28, 2022, to August 18, 2023. Main Outcomes and Measures Severity of OM was assessed based on highest reported mouth and throat soreness (MTS) score during radiotherapy according to the Oral Mucositis Weekly Questionnaire-Head and Neck Cancer survey, which was administered weekly during IMRT. Linear mixed models were used to compare mean MTS scores grouped by disease site and chemotherapy regimen. Fisher exact tests and 1-way analysis of variance tests were performed to identify associations between severity of OM and clinical outcomes. Results Among 576 eligible patients, the median age was 62.5 (IQR, 56.3-69.1) years, and 451 patients (78.3%) were men. In terms of race and ethnicity, 6 patients (1.0%) were American Indian or Alaska Native; 2 (0.3%), Asian; 31 (5.4%), Black; 8 (1.4%), Hispanic or Latino; 509 (88.4%), White; and 28 (4.9%), unknown. The most common treatment site was oropharynx (268 [46.5%]), and most patients received concurrent chemotherapy (464 [80.6%]). By the end of treatment, 360 patients (62.5%) developed severe OM and 568 (98.6%) developed some degree of OM. Linear mixed models found no significant differences in OM between HNC disease sites. Groups with greater highest severity of OM reported had higher rates of measured outcomes (listed respectively by MTS score 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4): feeding tube placement (0%, 3.6% [2 of 56], 6.6% [10 of 152], 14.7% [40 of 272], and 21.6% [19 of 88]; P = .001), hospitalization (12.5% [1 of 8], 10.7% [6 of 56], 15.1% [23 of 152], 23.9% [65 of 272], and 28.4% [25 of 88]; P = .02), opiate use (0%, 19.6% [11 of 56], 42.8%[65 of 152], 61.4% [167 of 272], and 64.8% [57 of 88]; P < .001) and experienced greater weight loss (median, -0.7 [IQR, -1.7 to -0.4] kg; median, 3.9 [IQR, 1.1 to 6.1] kg; median, 5.0 [IQR, 2.2 to 7.7] kg; median, 4.7 [IQR, 2.1 to 7.7] kg; and median, 7.7 [IQR, 2.8 to 10.6] kg; P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study of patients with HNC, 62.5% developed severe OM. Higher severity of OM was associated with feeding tube placement, hospitalization, opiate use, and weight loss. Improvements in OM prevention and management are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin J. Iovoli
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Lauren Turecki
- currently a medical student at Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Michelle L. Qiu
- currently a medical student at Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Michael Khan
- currently a medical student at Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Kelsey Smith
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Han Yu
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Sung Jun Ma
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
- currently affiliated with Department of Radiation Oncology, The Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mark K. Farrugia
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Anurag K. Singh
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
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Harnekar SH, Prakash N, Nagarkar R, Pradeep GL, Mahajan A, Patil RKA. Comparative evaluation of oral mucositis in oral cancer patients undergoing 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy and intensity modulated radiation therapy with or without chemotherapy. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2023; 27:720-726. [PMID: 38304500 PMCID: PMC10829452 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_31_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Context Oral cancer is a significant cause of death across the world. A combined multimodal approach integrating surgery and radiation therapy (RT) with or without chemotherapy (CT) is commonly employed in advanced oral cancer to prevent recurrences and locoregional spread. Oral mucositis is a common acute toxicity reported in patients undergoing RT and CT. The delivery of optimal cancer therapy protocols is compromised due to morbidity caused by oral mucositis. Aims To compare the severity of oral mucositis in oral cancer patients undergoing 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy (3DCRT) and Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) with or without concomitant CT. Settings and Design This was a prospective, unicentric and longitudinal study conducted in a cancer centre. Methods and Material One hundred four patients with locally advanced oral cancer were enrolled in this study. Fifty-two patients were treated with IMRT and 52 patients with 3DCRT to a dose of >60 Gy, along with concurrent cisplatin weekly CT. Mucositis was recorded before the start, in the end, 1 month, and 3 months post-chemoradiotherapy treatment. Statistical Analysis Used Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software (v. 21.0, Chicago. 2012). Descriptive and frequency statistics were performed for different parameters assessed in 3DCRT and IMRT group. Results Grade 3 mucositis was the most predominant grade observed in both groups at the end of treatment. Thirty-six patients (69.3%) versus 24 patients (46.1%) developed grade 3 mucositis in 3DCRT and IMRT group, respectively (P = 0.013). Healing was better with IMRT group when compared to 3DCRT group 1 month and 3 months post-RT. Mucositis was severe in patients undergoing concomitant CT. Conclusions IMRT reduced the incidence of severe mucositis and also improved the treatment-compliance compared to 3DCRT in locally advanced head neck cancer patients treated by chemoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin H. Harnekar
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, MGV’s KBH Dental College and Hospital, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nilima Prakash
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, MGV’s KBH Dental College and Hospital, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
| | - Raj Nagarkar
- Chief Robotic Surgeon and Surgical Oncologist, HCG Manavata Cancer Centre, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
| | - GL Pradeep
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, MGV’s KBH Dental College and Hospital, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
| | - Aarti Mahajan
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, MGV’s KBH Dental College and Hospital, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
| | - Roshan Kumar A. Patil
- Consultant Radiation Oncologist, Cancer Centers of America, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
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Kara H, Arikan F, Kartoz F, Korcum Sahin AF. A Prospective Study of Nurse-Led Oral Mucositis Management: Impact on Health Outcomes of Patients Receiving Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer and Lung Cancer. Semin Oncol Nurs 2023; 39:151440. [PMID: 37188584 DOI: 10.1016/j.soncn.2023.151440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to evaluate the impact of nurse-led mucositis management on the health outcomes of patients receiving radiotherapy for head and neck cancer and lung cancer. The study adopted a holistic approach that involved the patient in the care process by screening, providing education and counseling about mucositis management and integrating it into daily life by the radiotherapy nurse. DATA SOURCES In this prospective, longitudinal cohort study, 27 patients were assessed and monitored through use of the WHO Oral Toxicity Scale and Oral Mucositis Follow-up Form and educated on mucositis during their radiotherapy through use of the Mucositis Prevention and Care Guide. At the end of radiotherapy, an evaluation of the radiotherapy process was performed. In this study, each patient was followed for 6 weeks from the start of radiotherapy. CONCLUSION The worst clinical data for oral mucositis and its variables emerged at week 6 of treatment. While the Nutrition Risk Screening score increased over time, weight decreased was observed to decrease. The mean stress level was 4.74 ± 0.33 in the first week and 5.77 ± 0.35 in the last week. It was observed that 88.9% of the patients showed good compliance with the treatment. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE Nurse-led mucositis management contributes to better patient outcomes during the radiotherapy process. Such an approach improves oral care management in patients receiving radiotherapy for head and neck and lung cancer, demonstrating its positive impact on additional patient-focused outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hava Kara
- Nurse Educator, PhD Student, Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Fatma Arikan
- Faculty of Nursing, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Funda Kartoz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
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de Freitas Neiva Lessa A, Meirelles DP, Do Couto AM, Duarte Da Silva K, De Aguiar MCF. Scales to graduate oral mucositis: What are the limitations? Oral Oncol 2023; 144:106489. [PMID: 37421673 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2023.106489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Oral mucositis is a common acute complication of a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treatment. Multiple scales can be used to diagnose and grade this lesion, but they all have some limitation regarding this group of patients. Most of these issues are associated with the hardness to differentiate signs and symptoms from oral mucositis vs. the inherent neoplasm. This study highlights the importance of a specifically developed scale for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriele de Freitas Neiva Lessa
- Department of Oral Pathology and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Research Department - Hospital do Câncer de Muriaé. Fundação Cristiano Varella, Muriaé, MG, Brazil.
| | - Daniela Pereira Meirelles
- Department of Oral Pathology and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Aline Maria Do Couto
- Department of Oral Pathology and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Karine Duarte Da Silva
- Department of Oral Pathology and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria Cássia Ferreira De Aguiar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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10
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Subedi P, Huber K, Sterr C, Dietz A, Strasser L, Kaestle F, Hauck SM, Duchrow L, Aldrian C, Monroy Ordonez EB, Luka B, Thomsen AR, Henke M, Gomolka M, Rößler U, Azimzadeh O, Moertl S, Hornhardt S. Towards unravelling biological mechanisms behind radiation-induced oral mucositis via mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1180642. [PMID: 37384298 PMCID: PMC10298177 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1180642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Head and neck cancer (HNC) accounts for almost 890,000 new cases per year. Radiotherapy (RT) is used to treat the majority of these patients. A common side-effect of RT is the onset of oral mucositis, which decreases the quality of life and represents the major dose-limiting factor in RT. To understand the origin of oral mucositis, the biological mechanisms post-ionizing radiation (IR) need to be clarified. Such knowledge is valuable to develop new treatment targets for oral mucositis and markers for the early identification of "at-risk" patients. Methods Primary keratinocytes from healthy volunteers were biopsied, irradiated in vitro (0 and 6 Gy), and subjected to mass spectrometry-based analyses 96 h after irradiation. Web-based tools were used to predict triggered biological pathways. The results were validated in the OKF6 cell culture model. Immunoblotting and mRNA validation was performed and cytokines present in cell culture media post-IR were quantified. Results Mass spectrometry-based proteomics identified 5879 proteins in primary keratinocytes and 4597 proteins in OKF6 cells. Amongst them, 212 proteins in primary keratinocytes and 169 proteins in OKF6 cells were differentially abundant 96 h after 6 Gy irradiation compared to sham-irradiated controls. In silico pathway enrichment analysis predicted interferon (IFN) response and DNA strand elongation pathways as mostly affected pathways in both cell systems. Immunoblot validations showed a decrease in minichromosome maintenance (MCM) complex proteins 2-7 and an increase in IFN-associated proteins STAT1 and ISG15. In line with affected IFN signalling, mRNA levels of IFNβ and interleukin 6 (IL-6) increased significantly following irradiation and also levels of secreted IL-1β, IL-6, IP-10, and ISG15 were elevated. Conclusion This study has investigated biological mechanisms in keratinocytes post-in vitro ionizing radiation. A common radiation signature in keratinocytes was identified. The role of IFN response in keratinocytes along with increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and proteins could hint towards a possible mechanism for oral mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabal Subedi
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Huber
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Sterr
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anne Dietz
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Strasser
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Felix Kaestle
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie M. Hauck
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Munich, Germany
| | - Lukas Duchrow
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christine Aldrian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Elsa Beatriz Monroy Ordonez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Benedikt Luka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas R. Thomsen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Henke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Gomolka
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ute Rößler
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Omid Azimzadeh
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Simone Moertl
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Hornhardt
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz/Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Neuherberg, Germany
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11
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Zhang G, Huang L, Feng M, Zhang T, Gao Y, Yao Y, Li S, Li X, Lin Y. Nano shield: a new tetrahedral framework nucleic acids-based solution to radiation-induced mucositis. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:7877-7893. [PMID: 37060124 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr07174f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) is considered to be one of the most important public health problems today, affecting the overall well-being of millions of patients who have received radiotherapy. Nevertheless, the field of preventing and treating RIOM is still widely unexplored. Curcumin (Cur) with its promising anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties is accompanied with obstacles in application, including poor dissolubility, instability and low bioavailability. In this study, a tetrahedral framework nucleic acid drug delivery system (TFNAS) was synthesized and established using a novel method to carry Cur (Cur-TFNAS) for efficient drug delivery. The results showed that Cur-TFNAS enhanced the antioxidant capacity of human oral mucosal keratin-forming cells (HOKs) compared to free Cur and TFNAS. Meanwhile, Cur-TFNAS reduced DNA damage and shielded the cells from inflammatory factors. A similar result was also well documented in vivo. Herein, we consider that Cur-TFNAS acts as a nano-shield for preventing radiation oral mucositis and shows important clinical value in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Liwei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Maogeng Feng
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Tianxu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Yang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Yangxue Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Songhang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaobing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China.
- Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Ősz BE, Jîtcă G, Sălcudean A, Rusz CM, Vari CE. Benzydamine-An Affordable Over-the-Counter Drug with Psychoactive Properties-From Chemical Structure to Possible Pharmacological Properties. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040566. [PMID: 37111323 PMCID: PMC10144213 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzydamine is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with distinct pharmacological properties from other compounds in the same therapeutic class. The differences are structural and pharmacological in nature; the anti-inflammatory mechanism is not strictly explained by the ability to interfere with the synthesis of prostaglandins. The compound is used strictly in local inflammatory diseases (inflammation in the oral and vaginal mucosa). In addition to the therapeutic indications found in the summary of product characteristics (SPC), the compound is used, in high doses, as a psychotropic substance for oral administration, having similar properties to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). As an over-the-counter (OTC) compound, it is easy to obtain, and the consequences of using it for purposes other than those assumed by the manufacturer raise various concerns. The reasons are related to the pharmacodynamic and pharmaco-toxicological properties, since neither the mechanism of action nor the possible side effects that would result from systemic consumption, in high doses, even occasionally, have been fully elucidated. The present review aims to analyze the pharmacodynamic properties of benzydamine, starting from the chemical structure, by comparison with structurally similar compounds registered in therapy (as an anti-inflammatory or analgesic) or used for recreational purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca-Eugenia Ősz
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - George Jîtcă
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Andreea Sălcudean
- Department of Ethics and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Carmen Maria Rusz
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, I.O.S.U.D, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Camil-Eugen Vari
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
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Lessa ADFN, Celestino MDA, Ferreira JM, Lima IV, Ramos YCS, Vieira FF, Amâncio AMTDS, Caldeira PC, Sousa SFD, Aguiar MCFD. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for the treatment of oral mucositis - a comparative study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 42:103543. [PMID: 37003595 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of the photobiomodulation associated to antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the treatment of oral mucositis. BACKGROUND Oral Mucositis is a frequent complication of oral cavity and oropharynx cancer. Considering the OM aggravation by microorganisms contamination, disinfection provide by antimicrobial photodynamic therapy could be an effective approach. MATERIAL AND METHODS This comparative study included fourteen patients undergoing radiochemotherapy for oral cavity and oropharynx cancer treatment, who developed oral mucositis. CONTROL GROUP photobiomodulation. Intervention group: photobiomodulation and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. The lesion size, duration, pain, and identification of microorganisms were evaluated. RESULTS The mean reduction in oral mucositis size in the intervention group was 0.70 cm² (±0.35) and 0.30 cm² (±1.10) for the control group. The mean duration of oral mucositis was 18.37 days (±12.12) for the intervention group and 23 days (±14.78) for the control group. The intervention group had a mean reduction of 3.40 points on the pain scale (±2.44), while the control group had 0.17 (±2.28). In the intervention group, the predominant isolated microbiota was featured as mixed culture (n=4/ 50%), followed of Gram Positive (n=3/ 37.50%), and Gram Negative (n=1/ 12.55%). In the control group, mixed culture was also more frequent (n=4 / 66%), followed by Gram Positive (n=2 /34%). Gram Negative was not predominantly isolated in the control group. CONCLUSION No statistical significance was found between PBM-T alone and PBM-T + PDT. However, the better outcomes reached by PBM-T + PDT group would suggest there could be a role for combined treatment in the management of OM lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriele de Freitas Neiva Lessa
- Research Department - Muriaé Cancer Hospital. Cristiano Varella Foundation. Muriaé, MG, Brazil; Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Flávio Ferraz Vieira
- Research Department - Muriaé Cancer Hospital. Cristiano Varella Foundation. Muriaé, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Patrícia Carlos Caldeira
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Sílvia Ferreira de Sousa
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria Cássia Ferreira de Aguiar
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Abousaab C, Kapadia V, Marks S. Multimodal Analgesic Strategies for Cancer-Related Oral Mucositis #450. J Palliat Med 2023; 26:142-144. [PMID: 36607779 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2022.0455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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15
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Wu C, Liu Y, Shi F, Chen F, Zhao Y, Zhao H. The relationship of serum gastrin-17 and oral mucositis in head and neck carcinoma patients receiving radiotherapy. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:110. [PMID: 36269422 PMCID: PMC9587140 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00570-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship of serum gastrin-17 (G-17) and oral mucositis in head and neck carcinoma (HNC) patients receiving radiotherapy. METHODS Serum G-17 were detected in patients before and after radiotherapy. Patients were divided into high G-17 group (baseline serum G-17 ≥ 5pmol/L) and low G-17 group (baseline serum G-17 < 5pmol/L). The severity of oral mucositis was analyzed between the two groups. Other complications such as dysphagia, salivary gland, mandible, thyroid function, larynx, pain, and weight loss were also investigated. RESULTS Forty-two patients were analyzed in this study. The level of serum G-17 had a significant decrease after radiotherapy (7.29 ± 5.70pmol/L versus 4.93 ± 4.46pmol/L, P = 0.038). In low serum G-17 group, the incidences of grade 0, 1-2 and 3-4 of oral mucositis were 0%, 30.4%, and 69.6%, respectively. In high serum G-17 group, the incidences of grade 0, 1-2 and 3-4 of oral mucositis were 0%, 63.2%, and 36.8%, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum G-17 was negatively correlated with oral mucositis (r=-0.595, P < 0.01). Weight loss of low G-17 group was more serious than that of high G-17 group. CONCLUSION Serum G-17 has a close relationship with oral mucositis. Baseline serum G-17 may be a potential predictor for the severity of oral mucositis in HNC patients receiving radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congye Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yehong Liu
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feiyue Shi
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Youcai Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Huanyu Zhao
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Talapko J, Meštrović T, Juzbašić M, Tomas M, Erić S, Horvat Aleksijević L, Bekić S, Schwarz D, Matić S, Neuberg M, Škrlec I. Antimicrobial Peptides-Mechanisms of Action, Antimicrobial Effects and Clinical Applications. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11101417. [PMID: 36290075 PMCID: PMC9598582 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11101417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing emergence of antimicrobial resistance represents a global problem that not only influences healthcare systems but also has grave implications for political and economic processes. As the discovery of novel antimicrobial agents is lagging, one of the solutions is innovative therapeutic options that would expand our armamentarium against this hazard. Compounds of interest in many such studies are antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which actually represent the host's first line of defense against pathogens and are involved in innate immunity. They have a broad range of antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, fungi, and viruses, with specific mechanisms of action utilized by different AMPs. Coupled with a lower propensity for resistance development, it is becoming clear that AMPs can be seen as emerging and very promising candidates for more pervasive usage in the treatment of infectious diseases. However, their use in quotidian clinical practice is not without challenges. In this review, we aimed to summarize state-of-the-art evidence on the structure and mechanisms of action of AMPs, as well as to provide detailed information on their antimicrobial activity. We also aimed to present contemporary evidence of clinical trials and application of AMPs and highlight their use beyond infectious diseases and potential challenges that may arise with their increasing availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasminka Talapko
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Correspondence: (J.T.); (I.Š.)
| | - Tomislav Meštrović
- University Centre Varaždin, University North, 42000 Varaždin, Croatia
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, 3980 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Martina Juzbašić
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Matej Tomas
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Suzana Erić
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Lorena Horvat Aleksijević
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Sanja Bekić
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Family Medicine Practice, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Dragan Schwarz
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Suzana Matić
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marijana Neuberg
- University Centre Varaždin, University North, 42000 Varaždin, Croatia
| | - Ivana Škrlec
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Correspondence: (J.T.); (I.Š.)
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Semerci R, Kocaaslan EN. Effect of chewing gum on the management of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in children: Systematic review of experimental studies. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2022; 31:e13727. [PMID: 36239087 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.13727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It was aimed to systematically synthesise the available literature on examining the effect of chewing gum in the management/reduction of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in children. METHODS The PRISMA was followed for the systematic review. All published studies obtained from the relevant databases were examined while the research question and inclusion and exclusion criteria were considered. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools were used to evaluate the quality of the studies. RESULTS A total of five studies met the inclusion criteria: three randomised controlled trials (RCT) and two quasi-experimental studies with a total of 461 paediatric oncology patients were included. Heterogeneity was found across all studies regarding the application of gum chewing and regarding the effectiveness of gum chewing. Two RTCs and one quasi-experimental study reported that gum chewing is not effective to reduce severe oral mucositis, but effective to reduce moderate and mild oral mucositis, and one RTC reported that gum chewing is not effective to reduce oral mucositis. CONCLUSION Experimental studies particularly randomised controlled trials using rigorous designs, consistent outcome measures, and larger sample sizes are required to determine the efficacy of chewing gum in reducing chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in paediatric oncology patients. Study was registered in PROSPERO and number was CRD42022328916.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remziye Semerci
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Nur Kocaaslan
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Trakya University Faculty of Health Sciences, Edirne, Turkey
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Kim LN, Rubenstein RN, Chu JJ, Allen RJ, Mehrara BJ, Nelson JA. Noninvasive Systemic Modalities for Prevention of Head and Neck Radiation-Associated Soft Tissue Injury: A Narrative Review. J Reconstr Microsurg 2022; 38:621-629. [PMID: 35213927 PMCID: PMC9402815 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1742731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation-associated soft tissue injury is a potentially devastating complication for head and neck cancer patients. The damage can range from minor sequelae such as xerostomia, which requires frequent daily maintenance, to destructive degenerative processes such as osteoradionecrosis, which can contribute to flap failure and delay or reverse oral rehabilitation. Despite the need for effective radioprotectants, the literature remains sparse, primarily focused on interventions beyond the surgeon's control, such as maintenance of good oral hygiene or modulation of radiation dose. METHODS This narrative review aggregates and explores noninvasive, systemic treatment modalities for prevention or amelioration of radiation-associated soft tissue injury. RESULTS We highlighted nine modalities with the most clinical potential, which include amifostine, melatonin, palifermin, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, photobiomodulation, pentoxifylline-tocopherol-clodronate, pravastatin, transforming growth factor-β modulators, and deferoxamine, and reviewed the benefits and limitations of each modality. Unfortunately, none of these modalities are supported by strong evidence for prophylaxis against radiation-associated soft tissue injury. CONCLUSION While we cannot endorse any of these nine modalities for immediate clinical use, they may prove fruitful areas for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie N. Kim
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Robyn N. Rubenstein
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jacqueline J. Chu
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Robert J. Allen
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Babak J. Mehrara
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jonas A. Nelson
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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In pursuit of next-generation therapeutics: Antimicrobial peptides against superbugs, their sources, mechanism of action, nanotechnology-based delivery, and clinical applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 218:135-156. [PMID: 35868409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) attracted attention as potential source of novel antimicrobials. Multi-drug resistant (MDR) infections have emerged as a global threat to public health in recent years. Furthermore, due to rapid emergence of new diseases, there is pressing need for development of efficient antimicrobials. AMPs are essential part of the innate immunity in most living organisms, acting as the primary line of defense against foreign invasions. AMPs kill a wide range of microorganisms by primarily targeting cell membranes or intracellular components through a variety of ways. AMPs can be broadly categorized based on their physico-chemical properties, structure, function, target and source of origin. The synthetic analogues produced either with suitable chemical modifications or with the use of suitable delivery systems are projected to eliminate the constraints of toxicity and poor stability commonly linked with natural AMPs. The concept of peptidomimetics is gaining ground around the world nowadays. Among the delivery systems, nanoparticles are emerging as potential delivery tools for AMPs, amplifying their utility against a variety of pathogens. In the present review, the broad classification of various AMPs, their mechanism of action (MOA), challenges associated with AMPs, current applications, and novel strategies to overcome the limitations have been discussed.
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Liu Y, Qi X, Wang Y, Li M, Yuan Q, Zhao Z. Inflammation-targeted cannabidiol-loaded nanomicelles for enhanced oral mucositis treatment. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:1272-1281. [PMID: 35467472 PMCID: PMC9045765 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2027572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most common complications of cancer chemotherapy is oral mucositis (OM), a serious kind of oral ulceration, but its effective treatment remains a serious challenge. In this study, we used deoxycholic acid and fucoidan to prepare inflammation-targeting nanomicelles (FD), because fucoidan can target inflammation due to its high binding affinity for P-selectin. The hydrophobic anti-inflammatory drug cannabidiol (CBD) was then loaded into the hydrophobic core of FD. The resulting CBD-loaded FD micelles (CBD/FD) had uniform particle size and morphology, as well as favorable serum stability. Moreover, administration of the FD micelles via intravenous injection or in situ dripping in an OM mouse model enhanced the accumulation and retention of CBD. CBD/FD also showed a better anti-inflammatory effect compared to free CBD after local or systemic administration in vivo, while they accelerated OM healing and inhibited Ly6G inflammatory cell infiltration and NF-κB nuclear transcription. Our results show that CBD/FD nanomicelles are a promising agent for OM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingke Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingying Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yashi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Man Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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21
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Chukwunyere U, Mercan M, Sehirli AO, Abacioglu N. Possible cytoprotective mechanisms of oxytocin against 5-fluorouracil-induced gastrointestinal mucositis. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:4055-4059. [PMID: 35474056 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07384-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal mucositis is a common and dose-limiting side effect characterized by ulcerative lesions in the mucosa of the digestive tract in patients receiving anticancer drugs such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), a potent antineoplastic drug. Several protocols have reported the efficacy of therapeutic interventions to prevent this side effect, although complete success has not yet been achieved and mucositis remains one of the most serious complications associated with 5-FU therapy. Oxytocin, a well-known antistress agent, has been reported to have comparable effects to ranitidine. Previous studies have shown that oxytocin inhibits gastric acid secretion and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in rats. If oxytocin can reduce stress-induced ulcers via antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory pathways, then it may have a dose-dependent effect on gastrointestinal mucositis caused by 5-FU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugochukwu Chukwunyere
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, 99138, Lefkosa, TRNC, Turkey.
| | - Merve Mercan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, 99138, Lefkosa, TRNC, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ozer Sehirli
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Lefkosa, TRNC, Turkey
| | - Nurettin Abacioglu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, 99138, Lefkosa, TRNC, Turkey
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22
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Lu HJ, Li CH, Kang YT, Wu CM, Wu CH, Ko JL, Wu MF. Efficacy of GMI, a fungal immunomodulatory protein, for head and neck cancer patients with chemotherapy-related oral mucositis: An open-labeled prospective single-arm study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29185. [PMID: 35482987 PMCID: PMC9276401 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer patients usually suffer from intensive chemotherapy-related oral mucositis (OM), yet limited effective treatment can rapidly alleviate OM severity. METHODS This prospective study examined the efficacy of Reishimmune-S containing one fungal immunomodulatory protein, GMI on OM in patients with head and neck cancer. Patients with head and neck cancer and the diagnosis of chemotherapy-related OM were enrolled randomizedly to receive standard supportive care with/without Reishimmune-S 500 mg/day orally for consecutive 14 days. Due to intolerance to standard supportive care alone in the control arm, only the experimental arm with Reishimmune-S supplementation was analyzed in our trial. OM grading was evaluated as the primary outcome on day 1, 8, and 15. Secondary outcomes were absolute neutrophil counts and quality of life assessed by the EORTC-QLQ-H&N 35 questionnaire on day 1, 8, and 15. RESULTS Reishimmune-S supplement significantly reduced OM grading both at day 8 and 15. Trouble with social contact and weight loss conditions were also improved by Reishimmune-S. Reishimmune-S did not significantly affect absolute neutrophil counts during the 15-day follow-up. CONCLUSION Reishimmune-S supplement potentially alleviates the severity of chemotherapy-mediated OM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsueh-Ju Lu
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Che-Hsing Li
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Program of Immunology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Yu-Ting Kang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Mei Wu
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Liang Ko
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Fang Wu
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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23
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Ferreira AS, Macedo C, Silva AM, Delerue-Matos C, Costa P, Rodrigues F. Natural Products for the Prevention and Treatment of Oral Mucositis-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084385. [PMID: 35457202 PMCID: PMC9030892 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer, a major world public health problem, is associated with chemotherapy treatments whose administration leads to secondary concerns, such as oral mucositis (OM). The OM disorder is characterized by the presence of ulcers in the oral mucosa that cause pain, bleeding, and difficulty in ingesting fluids and solids, or speaking. Bioactive compounds from natural sources have arisen as an effective approach for OM. This review aims to summarize the new potential application of different natural products in the prevention and treatment of OM in comparison to conventional ones, also providing a deep insight into the most recent clinical studies. Natural products, such as Aloe vera, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Camellia sinensis, Calendula officinalis, or honeybee crops, constitute examples of sources of bioactive compounds with pharmacological interest due to their well-reported activities (e.g., antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, or wound healing). These activities are associated with the bioactive compounds present in their matrix (such as flavonoids), which are associated with in vivo biological activities and minimal or absent toxicity. Finally, encapsulation has arisen as a future opportunity to preserve the chemical stability and the drug bioa vailability of bioactive compounds and, most importantly, to improve the buccal retention period and the therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofia Ferreira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV—Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.F.); (C.M.); (A.M.S.); (C.D.-M.)
| | - Catarina Macedo
- REQUIMTE/LAQV—Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.F.); (C.M.); (A.M.S.); (C.D.-M.)
| | - Ana Margarida Silva
- REQUIMTE/LAQV—Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.F.); (C.M.); (A.M.S.); (C.D.-M.)
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV—Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.F.); (C.M.); (A.M.S.); (C.D.-M.)
| | - Paulo Costa
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, MedTech-Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Rodrigues
- REQUIMTE/LAQV—Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.F.); (C.M.); (A.M.S.); (C.D.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-22-83-40-500
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Chang HP, Huang MC, Lei YP, Chuang YJ, Wang CW, Sheen LY. Phytochemical-rich vegetable and fruit juice alleviates oral mucositis during concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer. J Tradit Complement Med 2022; 12:488-498. [PMID: 36081822 PMCID: PMC9446194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Objective Methods Results Conclusion Section Taxonomy The blended vegetable and fruit juice (VFJ) was rich in total polyphenols and carotenoids. In head and neck cancer patients, the VFJ was significantly associated with a lower risk of chemoradiotherapy-induced ulcerative oral mucositis. VFJ is healthy, safe, and effective dietary strategy against oral mucositis.
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25
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Feng J, Gao M, Zhao C, Yang J, Gao H, Lu X, Ju R, Zhang X, Zhang Y. Oral Administration of Probiotics Reduces Chemotherapy-Induced Diarrhea and Oral Mucositis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:823288. [PMID: 35299763 PMCID: PMC8922230 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.823288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chemotherapy generally causes serious diarrhea and oral mucositis in cancer patients, and subsequently affects treatment. Oral administration of probiotics provides a therapeutic choice to address these limitations. This study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy of oral probiotic use in the management of the chemotherapy-induced adverse reactions, and to summarize the mechanisms underlying the action. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Web of Science from the start of the study to its completion on Dec. 31, 2021. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane Collaboration's Tool. Statistical analysis of the acquired data was performed via the RevMan and the Stata Statistical Software. The protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020220650). Results Twelve randomized controlled trials including 1,013 patients were recruited and analyzed via the standard procedure of meta-analysis. In contrast to the control group, orally taking probiotics significantly decreased the risk of chemotherapy-induced diarrhea (≥ 1 grade) (RR = 0.70; 95% Cl: 0.56, 0.88; P = 0.002) and oral mucositis (≥ 1 grade) (RR: 0.84; 95% Cl: 0.78, 0.91; P < 0.00001) at all grades. Further analysis found that severe diarrhea (≥ 2 grades) (RR: 0.50; 95% Cl: 0.32, 0.78; P = 0.002) and severe oral mucositis also significantly declined (≥ 3 grades) (RR: 0.66; 95% Cl: 0.55, 0.79; P < 0.00001) after oral probiotic use. Interestingly, the beneficial effects of probiotics displayed statistically significant only in Asian patients. Importantly, the more species of bacteria they took, the lower the incidences of the adverse reactions occurred. We used Egger's test P value to confirm that there is no publication bias. Conclusions This meta-analysis demonstrated that orally administrated probiotics has a potential to decrease chemotherapy-induced diarrhea and oral mucositis incidences. However, the efficacy of oral probiotic use against the adverse reactions needs to be further verified through more clinical trials, and the species and number of probiotics have to be optimized and standardized prior to clinical applications. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk, identifier: 220650.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Feng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Translational Medicine Research Center, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyan Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Ju
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiuwei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunlei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Central Laboratory, Translational Medicine Research Center, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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26
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Joshi A, Patil VM, Noronha V, Bhattacharjee A, Menon N, Kumar A, Jain P, Mukadam S, Shrinivas A, Punia A, Abhyankar A, Agarwal A, Khaddar S, Rajpurohit A, Kumar KAP, Ravind R, Das K, Talreja V, Dhumal S, Prabhash K. Diclofenac versus tramadol for mucositis related pain in head and neck cancer patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiation-a phase 3 study. Ecancermedicalscience 2022; 15:1318. [PMID: 35047069 PMCID: PMC8723742 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2021.1318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral mucositis related pain during CTRT in head and neck cancers is a common problem. Unfortunately, in spite of it being common, there is limited evidence for selection of systemic analgesic in this situation. Hence, this study was designed to compare the analgesic effect of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (diclofenac) versus a weak opioid (tramadol). Patients and methods This was an open-label, parallel design, superiority randomised controlled study. In this study, head and neck cancer patients undergoing radical or adjuvant chemoradiation, who had grade 1 or above mucositis (in accordance with Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.03) and had pain related to it were randomly assigned to either diclofenac or tramadol for mucositis related pain control. The primary endpoint was analgesia after the first dose. The secondary endpoints were the rate of change in analgesic within 1 week, adverse events and quality of life. Results One hundred and twenty-eight patients were randomised, 66 in diclofenac and 62 in tramadol arm. The median area under the curve for graph of pain across time after first dose of pain medication for the diclofenac arm and the tramadol arm was 348.936 units (range: 113.64–1,969.23) and 420.87 (101.97–1,465.96), respectively, (p = 0.05619). Five patients (8.1%) in the tramadol arm and 11 patients (16.7%) in the diclofenac arm required a change in analgesic within 1 week of starting the analgesic (p = 0.184). There was no statistically significant difference in any adverse events between the two arms. However, the rate of any grade of renal dysfunction was numerically higher in the diclofenac arm (10.6% versus 4.8%, p = 0.326). Conclusion In this phase 3 study, evaluating diclofenac and tramadol for chemoradiation induced mucositis pain, there was no statistical difference in analgesic activity of these two drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Joshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, 400012, India.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Vijay Maruti Patil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, 400012, India.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Vanita Noronha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, 400012, India.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Atanu Bhattacharjee
- Section of Biostatistics, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi-Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - Nandini Menon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, 400012, India.,These authors contributed equally
| | - Parmanand Jain
- Pain Clinic, Department of Anesthesia, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Sadaf Mukadam
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Avadhoot Shrinivas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Anjali Punia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Anuja Abhyankar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Amit Agarwal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Satvik Khaddar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Anu Rajpurohit
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | | | - Rahul Ravind
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Kishore Das
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Vikas Talreja
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Sachin Dhumal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Kumar Prabhash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, HBNI, Mumbai, 400012, India
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27
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Faustino ISP, Georgaki M, Santos-Silva AR, Vargas PA, Lopes MA. Head and neck radiotherapy leading to extensive late oral soft-tissue necrosis. Oral Oncol 2022; 125:105710. [PMID: 35032781 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2021.105710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is generally used as an adjuvant treatment in malignant head and neck tumors, which can cause a series of toxicities to tissues involved in the radiation field. Hard tissue necrosis surrounding the tumor is widely debated and recognized; however, oral mucosa necrosis as a late effect of head and neck radiotherapy is a toxicity that has been little explored and understood in the literature. The present report describes a 53-year-old Caucasian, diabetic man with a painful yellowish mass in the buccal mucosa, remaining oral mucositis with history of radiotherapy completed 90 days ago as adjuvant treatment for a polymorphic adenocarcinoma in the palate. Photobiomodulation was used as therapy for tissue necrosis with good therapeutic response despite discontinuation of treatment by the patient. Since there are few descriptions and illustrations of radiotherapy-related soft tissue necrosis, the current case may bring some new experience with this important topic, which directly impacts on the patient's quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Georgaki
- Department of Oral Medicine & Pathology and Hospital Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Alan Roger Santos-Silva
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Pablo Agustin Vargas
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Marcio Ajudarte Lopes
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.
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Moskvin SV, Strazhev SV. [Low-level laser therapy in oncology - what's new? Analysis of 2018-2021 publications]. VOPROSY KURORTOLOGII, FIZIOTERAPII, I LECHEBNOI FIZICHESKOI KULTURY 2022; 99:56-66. [PMID: 36538405 DOI: 10.17116/kurort20229906156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is included in the Federal project «Fight against oncological diseases», which provides for equipping all specialized medical institutions in Russia with the appropriate devices until 2026. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Publications analysis on the use of LLLT in oncology. MATERIAL AND METHODS To search for publications, databases and libraries were used: PubMed, Scopus, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, J-STAGE, eLibrary.ru for the period 2018-2021. For analysis, publications were selected that are of interest from the point of view of improving the methodology of LLLT, the prospects for the development of this method in the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of patients. A total of 223 publications were found, including 39 reviews and meta-analyses, mostly in English (165) and Portuguese (41). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The inclusion of LLLT in the ISOO/MASCC/ASCO recommendations for the treatment of complications such as mucositis, salivary gland hypofunction and xerostomia caused by non-surgical methods of treating cancer patients should be considered as a promising trend. An extremely low level of quality of LLLT techniques was noted, most often the replacement with meaningless «doses», «fluences» instead of the necessary parameters: wavelength, operating mode, power, frequency, exposure, etc. The use of only local illumination instead of systemic methods of LLLT does not allow obtaining the best results of treatment and prevention. Eliminating the shortcomings of treatment protocols with a focus on Russian experience, when laser blood illumination (intravenously or externally) and laser acupuncture are also necessarily carried out with local illumination of the lesion, will bring the effectiveness of LLLT to a qualitatively new, higher level.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Moskvin
- Academy of Postgraduate Education of Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care and Medical Technologies of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - S V Strazhev
- City Polyclinic No.212 of the Department of Health of the City of Moscow - Branch No. 70, Moscow, Russia
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29
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Morbidity in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Radiation-Induced Skin Lesions: Cause, Risk Factors, and Dermatitis Evolution and Severity. Adv Skin Wound Care 2021; 34:1-8. [PMID: 34807900 DOI: 10.1097/01.asw.0000797952.41753.f4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Radiation-induced skin injuries such as lesions (RSLs) and dermatitis are the most common complication during radiotherapy (RT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, but little is known about risk factors unique to oncology. This study sought a greater understanding of these risk factors to stratify patients based on risk and guide clinical decision-making. METHODS Investigators analyzed the data of 864 consecutive patients referred to the RT center of the Southern Theater General Hospital for a new RSL from 2013 to 2019. These patients were followed up for an average of approximately 16 months until their death or March 30, 2020, whichever came first. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and Cox proportional hazards model were used to identify predictors of grade 3 or 4 dermatitis. RESULTS The main causes of treatment interruption included dermatitis and oral mucositis. Significant patient-specific risk factors for RSLs included current smoking, current drinking, and lower Karnofsky Performance Scale score and significant procedure-specific risk factors included receiving intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), hyperfractionated RT, induction chemotherapy, multicycle chemotherapy, and taxol- and cisplatin-based drugs. The three factors that independently predicted risk of RSL were IMRT, lower Karnofsky Performance Scale score, and multicycle chemotherapy. Comparing predictive factors among patients with severe RSL revealed that patients who received IMRT were more likely to develop grade 3 or 4 dermatitis. CONCLUSIONS Oncology providers should note that IMRT is an aggressive technique with a trend toward increased RSL. Providers should pay special attention to adverse effects to skin in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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30
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Safarzadeh S, Shirban F, Bagherniya M, Sathyapalan T, Sahebkar A. The effects of herbal medicines on cancer therapy-induced oral mucositis: A literature review. Phytother Res 2021; 36:243-265. [PMID: 34709682 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cancer therapy-induced oral mucositis (OM) is one of the most troublesome morbidities after radio-chemotherapy. Age, nutritional status, tumor type, oral hygiene, and treatment method are the determinants for OM incidence. In addition, oxygen-free radicals can act as a trigger for an inflammatory milieu that causes OM. Based on the debilitating nature of OM, finding a safe and inexpensive agent with anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and antioxidative properties can be valuable for this situation. Considering the harmful effects of some chemical agents, herbal medicine has been suggested as a potential alternative owing to unique properties such as safety, availability and low cost. Many studies have illustrated several pharmacological properties of herbal medicines in recent years, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and antioxidative activities, which are essential factors in the palliation of cancer therapy-induced OM. This review aimed to evaluate herbal medicines' effects on cancer therapy-induced OM. According to this comprehensive review, it is concluded that medicinal plants and phytochemicals can be used as practical agents in the palliation of cancer therapy-induced OM without any serious side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Safarzadeh
- Post Graduate Student, Dental Students' Research Committee, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farinaz Shirban
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Bakare OO, Gokul A, Wu R, Niekerk LA, Klein A, Keyster M. Biomedical Relevance of Novel Anticancer Peptides in the Sensitive Treatment of Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1120. [PMID: 34439786 PMCID: PMC8394746 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The global increase in cancer mortality and economic losses necessitates the cautious quest for therapeutic agents with compensatory advantages over conventional therapies. Anticancer peptides (ACPs) are a subset of host defense peptides, also known as antimicrobial peptides, which have emerged as therapeutic and diagnostic candidates due to several compensatory advantages over the non-specificity of the current treatment regimens. This review aimed to highlight the ravaging incidence of cancer, the use of ACPs in cancer treatment with their mechanisms, ACP discovery and delivery methods, and the limitations for their use. This would create awareness for identifying more ACPs with better specificity, accuracy and sensitivity towards the disease. It would also promote their efficacious utilization in biotechnology, medical sciences and molecular biology to ease the severity of the disease and enable the patients living with these conditions to develop an accommodating lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olalekan Olanrewaju Bakare
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (R.W.); (L.-A.N.)
| | - Arun Gokul
- Department of Plant Sciences, Qwaqwa Campus, University of the Free State, Phuthaditjhaba 9866, South Africa;
| | - Ruomou Wu
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (R.W.); (L.-A.N.)
| | - Lee-Ann Niekerk
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (R.W.); (L.-A.N.)
| | - Ashwil Klein
- Plant Omics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
| | - Marshall Keyster
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (R.W.); (L.-A.N.)
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Peña-Cardelles JF, Salgado-Peralvo AO, Garrido-Martínez P, Cebrián-Carretero JL, Pozo-Kreilinger JJ, Moro-Rodríguez JE. Oral mucositis. Is it present in the immunotherapy of the immune checkpoint pd1/pd-l1 against oral cancer? A systematic review. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2021; 26:e494-e501. [PMID: 33772569 PMCID: PMC8254888 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.24353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral mucositis (OM) is a painful lesion that takes place in the mucosa of the oral cavity, usually its etiology is associated with drug therapies in cancer patients. It is presented as well-defined ulcers whose painful symptomatology sometimes implies the suspension of oncological treatment or parenteral feeding, being therefore an important adverse effect, marking the evolution of these types of therapies against cancer. The present work aim is to know the prevalence of oral mucositis in oral cancer immunotherapy compared to its prevalence in standard therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS A protocol was developed for a systematic review following PRISMA® guidelines and a focused question (PICO) was constructed. A comprehensive literature search was conducted on electronic databases including PubMed, the SCOPUS database, the Cochrane library and the Web of Science (WOS). RESULTS Six clinical trials were included that met the different inclusion criteria. In these articles, a discrepancy between the prevalence of OM in patients treated with chemotherapy and patients treated with immunotherapy related to the immune checkpoint PD-1/PD-L1 (Nivolumab and Pembrolizumab) was observed. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of oral mucositis is lower in new immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies against oral cancer than drugs used so far (chemotherapy drugs [methotrexate, cisplatin] as well as cetuximab). However, more studies should be carried out to confirm these data.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-F Peña-Cardelles
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Av. de Atenas, S/N 28922, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
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Genes Relevant to Tissue Response to Cancer Therapy Display Diurnal Variation in mRNA Expression in Human Oral Mucosa. J Circadian Rhythms 2021; 19:8. [PMID: 34221066 PMCID: PMC8231453 DOI: 10.5334/jcr.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To address a critical gap for application of cancer chronotherapy of when would be the best time(s) for treating an individual cancer patient, we conducted a pilot study to characterize diurnal variations of gene expression in oral mucosal tissue, which is vulnerable to damage from cancer therapies. Methods: We conducted RNA-seq assay on individual oral mucosal samples collected from 11 healthy volunteers every 4 hours (6 time points). Using a cosine-based method, we estimated the individual and average values of peak-time and amplitude for each gene. Correlations between gene expression peak-times and age was examined, adjusting for individual’s sleep timing. Results: Among candidate gene pathways that are relevant to treatment response, 7 of 16 genes (PER3, CIART, TEF, PER1, PER2, CRY2, ARNTL) involved in circadian regulation and 1 of 118 genes (WEE1) involved in cell cycle regulation achieved p-value ≤ 0.1 and relative amplitude>0.1. The average peak times were approximately 10:15 for PER3, CIART and TEF, 10:45 for PER1, 13:00 for WEE1, PER2 and CRY2, and 19:30 for ARNTL. Ranges in peak times across individuals differed by gene (e.g., 8 hours for PER1; 16.7 hours for WEE1). Older people had later peak times for PER1 (r = 0.77, p = 0.03) and PER3 (r = 0.69, p-value = 0.06). Conclusion: In oral mucosa, expression of some genes relevant to treatment response displayed diurnal variation. These genes may be candidates for development of biomarkers for optimizing individual timing of cancer therapy using non-invasively collected oral mucosa.
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Radiation-induced acute injury of intensity-modulated radiotherapy versus three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy in induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a prospective cohort study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7693. [PMID: 33833301 PMCID: PMC8032760 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87170-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To address whether the addition of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) compared to three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) aggravate radiation-induced acute injury of locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LANPC) patients with induction chemotherapy (IC) followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). We conducted a prospective study of 182 patients in the stage III to IVb with biopsy-proven nonmetastatic LANPC who newly underwent radiotherapy and sequentially received IC, followed by CCRT at our institution. Occurring time of radiation-induced toxicities were estimated and compared using the Kaplan–Meier method and Log-rank test. The most severe acute toxicities included oral mucositis in 97.25% and dermatitis in 90.11%. Subset analysis revealed that Grade 3–4 acute dermatitis were significantly higher in the IMRT than 3D-CRT. Oral mucositis and dermatitis were the earliest occurrence of acute injuries (2 years: 60.44% and 17.58%). Patients in IMRT group achieved significantly lower risk of bone marrow toxicity, but higher risk of leukopenia and gastrointestinal injury. Multivariate analyses also demonstrated that IMRT, female gender and hepatitis were the independent prognostic factors for bone marrow toxicity. In a combined regimen of IC followed by CCRT for the treatment of LANPC, IMRT seems to be an aggressive technique with a trend towards increased gastrointestinal and hematological toxicities, but decreased bone marrow toxicity than those treated with 3D-CRT. This study provides a comprehensive summary of prospective evidence reporting the side effects in the management of LANPC patients. We quantify the occurrence risks of chemoradiotherapy-induced acute injuries through analysis of time-to-event.
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Hosseini S, Rezaei S, Moghaddam MRN, Elyasi S, Karimi G. Evaluation of oral nano-silymarin formulation efficacy on prevention of radiotherapy induced mucositis: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. PHARMANUTRITION 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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36
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Tang G, Huang W, Zhang L, Wei Z. Role of Glutamine in the Management of Oral Mucositis in Patients with Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:482-495. [PMID: 33605813 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1889623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
As the effectiveness of glutamine supplementation for oral mucositis (OM) in patients with cancer remains controversial, a comprehensive summary and analysis of available evidence is necessary. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to evaluate the benefits of glutamine supplementation on OM and OM-related adverse reactions in patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy (CT) and/or radiotherapy (RT), using data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched for RCTs on the use of glutamine for treating OM, published until September 11, 2020. Risk ratios (RRs) or standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using RevMan 5.3. Fifteen studies with 988 participants were included. Glutamine did not reduce the incidence of OM (RR 0.94), but it reduced the severity of OM (SMD -0.73) and incidence of severe OM (RR 0.41). Additionally, glutamine reduced the incidence of opioid analgesic use (RR 0.84), feeding tube use (RR 0.46), hospitalization (RR 0.39), and treatment interruption (RR 0.49) caused by OM. Glutamine effectively improved OM and reduced OM-related adverse reactions in patients with cancer receiving CT and/or RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wang Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Linyu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengqiang Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Ribeiro SB, de Araújo AA, Oliveira MMB, dos Santos Silva AM, da Silva-Júnior AA, Guerra GCB, Brito GADC, Leitão RFDC, de Araújo Júnior RF, Garcia VB, Vasconcelos RC, de Medeiros CACX. Effect of Dexamethasone-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles on Oral Mucositis Induced by 5-Fluorouracil. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13010053. [PMID: 33406583 PMCID: PMC7823510 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral mucositis (OM) is characterized by the presence of severe ulcers in the oral region that affects patients treated with chemotherapy. It occurs in almost all patients who receive radiotherapy of the head and neck, as well as patients who undergo hematopoietic cell transplantation. The pathophysiology of OM is complex, and there is no effective therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone-loaded poly(d,l-Lactic-co-glycolic) nanoparticles (PLGA-DEX NPs) on an OM model induced in hamsters. The NPs were synthesized using the emulsification-solvent evaporation method and were characterized by the size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, atomic force microscopy, physicochemical stability, and the in vitro release. The OM was induced by the administration of 5-FU on the first and second days and mechanical trauma on the 4th day of the experiment. PLGA-DEX NPs were administered to treat OM. The animals were euthanized on the 10th day. Macroscopic and histopathological analyses were performed, measurement of malonaldehyde (MDA) and ELISA was used to determine the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α. Immunoexpressions of NF-κB, COX-2, and TGF-β were determined by immunohistochemistry, and qRT-PCR was used to quantify the gene expression of the GILZ, MKP1, and NF-κB p65. The PLGA-DEX NPs (0.1 mg/kg) significantly reduced macroscopic and histopathological scores, decreased MDA, TNF-α and IL-1β levels, immunostaining for NF-κB, COX-2, TGF-β, and suppressed NF-κB p65 mRNA expression, but increased GILZ and MKP1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Barbosa Ribeiro
- Post Graduate Program Biotechnology-RENORBIO, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000 Senador Salgado Filho Ave, Lagoa Nova, Natal RN 59078-970, Brazil; (S.B.R.); (M.M.B.O.)
| | - Aurigena Antunes de Araújo
- Post Graduate Program Dental Sciences, Post Graduate Program Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000 Senador Salgado Filho Ave, Lagoa Nova, Natal RN 59078-970, Brazil;
| | - Maisie Mitchele Barbosa Oliveira
- Post Graduate Program Biotechnology-RENORBIO, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000 Senador Salgado Filho Ave, Lagoa Nova, Natal RN 59078-970, Brazil; (S.B.R.); (M.M.B.O.)
| | - Alaine Maria dos Santos Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology & Biotechnology (TecBioFar), Post Graduate Program Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, General Gustavo Cordeiro de Faria St, Petrópolis, Natal RN 59012-570, Brazil; (A.M.d.S.S.); (A.A.d.S.-J.)
| | - Arnóbio Antônio da Silva-Júnior
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology & Biotechnology (TecBioFar), Post Graduate Program Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, General Gustavo Cordeiro de Faria St, Petrópolis, Natal RN 59012-570, Brazil; (A.M.d.S.S.); (A.A.d.S.-J.)
| | - Gerlane Coelho Bernardo Guerra
- Post Graduate Program Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Post Graduate Program Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000 Senador Salgado Filho Ave, Lagoa Nova, Natal RN 59078-970, Brazil;
| | - Gerly Anne de Castro Brito
- Post Graduate Program Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Delmiro de Farias St, Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza CE 60416-030, Brazil; (G.A.d.C.B.); (R.F.d.C.L.)
| | - Renata Ferreira de Carvalho Leitão
- Post Graduate Program Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Delmiro de Farias St, Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza CE 60416-030, Brazil; (G.A.d.C.B.); (R.F.d.C.L.)
| | - Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo Júnior
- Post Graduate Program Functional and Structural Biology, Post Graduate Program Health Science, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000 Senador Salgado Filho Ave, Lagoa Nova, Natal RN 59078-970, Brazil;
| | - Vinícius Barreto Garcia
- Post Graduate Program Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, General Gustavo Cordeiro de Faria St, Petrópolis, Natal RN 59012-570, Brazil;
| | | | - Caroline Addison Carvalho Xavier de Medeiros
- Post Graduate Program Biotechnology-RENORBIO, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000 Senador Salgado Filho Ave, Lagoa Nova, Natal RN 59078-970, Brazil; (S.B.R.); (M.M.B.O.)
- Post Graduate Program Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 3000 Senador Salgado Filho Ave, Lagoa Nova, Natal RN 59078-970, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-84-3342-2256
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Pulito C, Cristaudo A, Porta CL, Zapperi S, Blandino G, Morrone A, Strano S. Oral mucositis: the hidden side of cancer therapy. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:210. [PMID: 33028357 PMCID: PMC7542970 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01715-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation response of epithelial mucosa to chemo- radiotherapy cytotoxic effects leads to mucositis, a painful side effect of antineoplastic treatments. About 40% of the patients treated with chemotherapy develop mucositis; this percentage rises to about 90% for head and neck cancer patients (HNC) treated with both chemo- and radiotherapy. 19% of the latter will be hospitalized and will experience a delay in antineoplastic treatment for high-grade mucositis management, resulting in a reduction of the quality of life, a worse prognosis and an increase in patient management costs. Currently, several interventions and prevention guidelines are available, but their effectiveness is uncertain. This review comprehensively describes mucositis, debating the impact of standard chemo-radiotherapy and targeted therapy on mucositis development and pointing out the limits and the benefits of current mucositis treatment strategies and assessment guidelines. Moreover, the review critically examines the feasibility of the existing biomarkers to predict patient risk of developing oral mucositis and their role in early diagnosis. Despite the expression levels of some proteins involved in the inflammation response, such as TNF-α or IL-1β, partially correlate with mucositis process, their presence does not exclude others mucositis-independent inflammation events. This strongly suggests the need to discover biomarkers that specifically feature mucositis process development. Non-coding RNAs might hold this potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Pulito
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Cristaudo
- STI/HIV Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina La Porta
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy.,CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biofisica, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Zapperi
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Physics, University of Milan, Via Celoria 16, 20133, Milano, Italy.,CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l'Energia, Via R. Cozzi 53, 20125, Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Morrone
- Scientific Director Office, San Gallicano Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Strano
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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Zandsalimi F, Talaei S, Noormohammad Ahari M, Aghamiri S, Raee P, Roshanzamiri S, Yarian F, Bandehpour M, Zohrab Zadeh Z. Antimicrobial peptides: a promising strategy for lung cancer drug discovery? Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 15:1343-1354. [PMID: 32749935 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2020.1791080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), also called host defense peptides (HDPs), are identified in almost any form of life, which play an important role in innate immune systems. They have a broad spectrum of antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial, and anticancer activities. Lung cancer remains the leading cause of global cancer-related death. Unfortunately, lung cancer chemotherapy is accompanied by serious side effects, nonspecific toxicity, and multidrug resistance. Hence, to overcome these drawbacks, anticancer peptides (ACPs) derived from AMPs may represent a potential promising synergistic treatment strategy for lung cancer. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors provide the recent advancements in the use of AMPs for the treatment of lung cancer. Furthermore, the anti-lung cancer modes of action of these peptides have been fully reviewed. Importantly, various strategies for increasing the efficiency and safety of AMPs have been discussed. EXPERT OPINION The combination of AMPs and other cancer treatment approaches such as chemotherapy, nanoparticle-based delivery systems, and photodynamic therapy can be used as a promising revolutionary strategy for the treatment of lung cancer. The most significant limitations of this strategy that need to be focused on are low efficiency and off-target events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshid Zandsalimi
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Sam Talaei
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Noormohammad Ahari
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Aghamiri
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Pourya Raee
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheil Roshanzamiri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yarian
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Bandehpour
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Zohrab Zadeh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences , Ahvaz, Iran
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Panahipour L, Kochergina E, Laggner M, Zimmermann M, Mildner M, Ankersmit HJ, Gruber R. Role for Lipids Secreted by Irradiated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Inflammatory Resolution in Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134694. [PMID: 32630157 PMCID: PMC7370068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal inflammation is associated with dying cells that potentially release metabolites helping to promote inflammatory resolution. We had shown earlier that the secretome of irradiated, dying peripheral blood mononuclear cells support in vitro angiogenesis. However, the ability of the secretome to promote inflammatory resolution remains unknown. Here, we determined the expression changes of inflammatory cytokines in murine bone marrow macrophages, RAW264.7 cells, and gingival fibroblasts exposed to the secretome obtained from γ-irradiated peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro by RT-PCR and immunoassays. Nuclear translocation of p65 was detected by immunofluorescence staining. Phosphorylation of p65 and degradation of IκB was determined by Western blot. The secretome of irradiated peripheral blood mononuclear cells significantly decreased the expression of IL1 and IL6 in primary macrophages and RAW264.7 cells when exposed to LPS or saliva, and of IL1, IL6, and IL8 in gingival fibroblasts when exposed to IL-1β and TNFα. These changes were associated with decreased phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p65 but not degradation of IκB in macrophages. We also show that the lipid fraction of the secretome lowered the inflammatory response of macrophages exposed to the inflammatory cues. These results demonstrate that the secretome of irradiated peripheral blood mononuclear cells can lower an in vitro simulated inflammatory response, supporting the overall concept that the secretome of dying cells promotes inflammatory resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Panahipour
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.P.); (E.K.)
| | - Evgeniya Kochergina
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.P.); (E.K.)
| | - Maria Laggner
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis, Regeneration and Applied Immunology, Währingergürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.L.); (H.J.A.)
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währingergürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Zimmermann
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währingergürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Michael Mildner
- Research Division of Biology and Pathobiology of the Skin, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Währingergürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Hendrik J. Ankersmit
- Laboratory for Cardiac and Thoracic Diagnosis, Regeneration and Applied Immunology, Währingergürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.L.); (H.J.A.)
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währingergürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.P.); (E.K.)
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence:
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41
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Zhang L, Tang G, Wei Z. Prophylactic and Therapeutic Effects of Curcumin on Treatment-Induced Oral Mucositis in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:740-749. [PMID: 32515617 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1776884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clinical trials have explored the role of curcumin in the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis (OM) in head and neck cancer patients. To provide evidence for curcumin management of OM for clinicians, a comprehensive meta-analysis of these findings is necessary. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of curcumin for OM caused by radiotherapy (RT) and/or chemotherapy (CT) for head and neck cancer. METHODS Randomized controlled trials were identified from the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Medline, and Google Scholar databases. RevMan 5.3 was used for statistical analysis to calculate the combined risk ratios (RRs). RESULTS Six studies involving 266 patients were included. Curcumin considerably reduced weight loss (mean difference [MD] - 0.78) in both the prophylactic and therapeutic phases. When used as a preventative treatment, curcumin did not reduce the incidence of OM (RR 0.99), but it did reduce the incidence of severe OM (RR 0.44) and the mean severity of OM (SMD -1.44). Curcumin also reduced the severity of OM (MD 0.82) compared to chlorhexidine. CONCLUSION Curcumin is a safe, natural bioactive substance that can effectively prevent and treat OM in patients receiving RT and/or CT, as well as reduce weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Tang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengqiang Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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42
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Chen C, Zhang Q, Yu W, Chang B, Le AD. Oral Mucositis: An Update on Innate Immunity and New Interventional Targets. J Dent Res 2020; 99:1122-1130. [PMID: 32479139 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520925421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral mucositis (OM), a common debilitating toxicity associated with chemo- and radiation therapies, is a significant unmet clinical need for head and neck cancer patients. The biological complexities of chemoradiotherapy-induced OM involve interactions among disrupted tissue structures, inflammatory infiltrations, and oral microbiome, whereby several master inflammatory pathways constitute the complicated regulatory networks. Oral mucosal damages triggered by chemoradiotherapy-induced cell apoptosis were further exacerbated by the amplified inflammatory cascades dominantly governed by the innate immune responses. The coexistence of microbiome and innate immune components in oral mucosal barriers indicates that a signaling hub coordinates the interaction between environmental cues and host cells during tissue and immune homeostasis. Dysbiotic shifts in oral microbiota caused by cytotoxic cancer therapies may also contribute to the progression and severity of chemoradiotherapy-induced OM. In this review, we have updated the mechanisms involving innate immunity-governed inflammatory cascades in the pathobiology of chemoradiotherapy-induced OM and the development of new interventional targets for the management of this severe morbidity in head and neck cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chen
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center of Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Q Zhang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - W Yu
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - B Chang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Penn Medicine Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A D Le
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center of Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Penn Medicine Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Zhang X, Sun D, Qin N, Liu M, Zhang J, Li X. Comparative prevention potential of 10 mouthwashes on intolerable oral mucositis in cancer patients: A Bayesian network analysis. Oral Oncol 2020; 107:104751. [PMID: 32388411 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a wide variety of mouthwashes currently available for the prevention of intolerable oral mucositis (OM) onset. Because of a lack of evidence from head-to-head randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the relative effects of these mouthwashes in intolerable OM patients remain unclear. This study compared the preventive effect of ten mouthwashes in intolerable OM. METHODS A literature search was performed of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE, and MEDLINE (PubMed) databases. Reports published from 1990 to 2019 focusing on mouthwashes for preventing OM were identified. Authors assessed the studies' risk of bias in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, and followed the PRISMA for Network Meta-Analyses Statement. Authors estimated summary odds ratios (ORs) using pairwise and Bayesian network meta-analysis with random effects. RESULTS Thirty-six RCTs, with a total of 2594 patients, were included in the present study. Bayesian network analysis showed that honey (Odd Ratio [OR] 0.17, 95%CI 0.09 to 0.30), chamomile (OR 0.09, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.52), curcumin (OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.67) and benzydamine (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.54) mouthwashes were superior to placebo. Honey mouthwashes were more efficacious than chlorhexidine (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.92), sucralfate (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.96) and povidone-iodine (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.82) mouthwashes. Other mouthwashes showed no significant differences. CONCLUSIONS According to the analysis of rank probabilities, chamomile, honey, curcumin and benzydamine mouthwashes may be the most advantageous in terms of the prevention of intolerable OM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China.
| | - Di Sun
- School of Nursing, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.79, Chongshan East Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Nan Qin
- Department of Gynecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44, Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, China
| | - Meishuo Liu
- School of Nursing, Norman Bethune Health Science Center of Jilin University, No.828 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Nursing, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.79, Chongshan East Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, China
| | - Xiaohan Li
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China.
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Brennan PA, Lewthwaite R, Sakthithasan P, McGuigan S, Donnelly O, Alam P, Gomez RS, Fedele S. Diclofenac Mouthwash as a potential therapy for reducing pain and discomfort in chemo-radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis. J Oral Pathol Med 2020; 49:956-959. [PMID: 32017243 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Oral and/or oropharyngeal acute mucositis during and after chemo-radiotherapy (chemo-RT) for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) can be extremely painful, sometimes requiring nasogastric feeding to enable adequate nutrition. The MASCC/ISOO evidence-based guidelines recommend benzydamine mouthwash for mucositis prevention in RT (recently updated to include chemo-RT), and a Cochrane systematic review found other agents to be effective in prophylaxis. Diclofenac mouthwash is licensed for painful oral mucosal inflammatory conditions but to our knowledge has not been assessed in chemo-RT-associated oral mucositis. METHOD A clinical observation and service evaluation study in 10 patients undergoing chemo-RT for HNSCC to assess the potential value of diclofenac mouthwash (0.74 mg/mL) in reducing symptoms. Patients used 20ml of mouthwash up to 4 times a day starting in week 3 (of a 6-week course of treatment), recording pain and discomfort scores using a visual analogue scale on days 0, 1,7 and 14 (until the end of week 4). As per our current clinical practice, oral mucositis was not clinically scored as an outcome. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA. RESULTS Using diclofenac mouthwash, 9/10 patients experienced pain score reduction from day 0 (mean score 6.75 ± SD 1.83) to day 2 (5.05 ± SD 1.62) and day 14 (4.09 ± SD 1.96). CONCLUSIONS Diclofenac mouthwash may be beneficial for managing chemo-RT-induced oral mucositis. While a prospective randomised clinical trial is needed, it can be prescribed for this condition within its current licence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Brennan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Rowena Lewthwaite
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Poornima Sakthithasan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Sharon McGuigan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
| | | | - Peyman Alam
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Ricardo S Gomez
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Stefano Fedele
- Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK.,NIHR University College London Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
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Aanya A, Hegde PS, Fernando CA, Thakur S, Rao V. Intolerance to pungent spices among patients receiving radiation and chemotherapy for head and neck cancers. Oral Oncol 2019; 102:104517. [PMID: 31859143 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.104517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Aanya
- Speech and Swallow Clinic, A Unit of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Health Care Global Enterprises Limited, #8, Kalinga Rao Road, Sampangi Ram Nagar, Bengaluru 560027, India
| | - Prasanna Suresh Hegde
- Speech and Swallow Clinic, A Unit of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Health Care Global Enterprises Limited, #8, Kalinga Rao Road, Sampangi Ram Nagar, Bengaluru 560027, India.
| | - Christine Alexis Fernando
- Speech and Swallow Clinic, A Unit of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Health Care Global Enterprises Limited, #8, Kalinga Rao Road, Sampangi Ram Nagar, Bengaluru 560027, India
| | - Shalini Thakur
- Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Health Care Global Enterprises Limited, #8, Kalinga Rao Road, Sampangi Ram Nagar, Bengaluru 560027, India.
| | - Vishal Rao
- Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Health Care Global Enterprises Limited, #8, Kalinga Rao Road, Sampangi Ram Nagar, Bengaluru 560027, India.
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Could the impact of photobiomodulation on tumor response to radiation be effected by tumor heterogeneity? Support Care Cancer 2019; 28:423-424. [PMID: 31720803 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-05146-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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