Introduction of the transtheoretical model and organisational development theory in weight management: A narrative review

The link between transformational leadership and organizational development: testing the mediating role of employees' maturity

Purpose

This study aims to test the association between transformational leadership and its components and organizational development. As a second aim, this study examines the extent to which employees' maturity may mediate the link between transformational leadership and organizational development.

Design/methodology/approach

Hypotheses were tested on a sample of 248 full-time employees (58% men, 42% women) recruited by a simple random sampling method from four Iranian public organizations. Participants were asked to complete scales on transformational leadership, organizational development, and employees' maturity.

Findings

Pearson correlation analysis showed a positively significant association between transformational leadership and organizational development. Furthermore, path analysis of structural equation modeling revealed that the direct effect of transformational leadership on organizational development is significant. Additionally, the analysis supported the mediating role of employees' maturity in the link between transformational leadership and organizational development.

Originality/value

Transformational leaders may use the maturity of employees to increase their impact in the process of organizational development.

The role of informal caregivers for patients with glioma: a systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies

Background

This study aimed to systematically review, appraise, and synthesize the current evidence on the experiences and needs encountered by informal caregiver of patients with glioma throughout the disease trajectory and to provide a set of practical implications for health professionals.

Methods

Seven English databases and four Chinese databases were searched in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Additional manual searches were completed to identify primary studies, with the language limited by English and Chinese. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research was used to appraise the methodological quality of each study.

Results

The systematic review included 16 papers that yielded 71 findings and 6 categories. Finally, 2 synthesized findings were extracted: (I) role transition of caregivers for glioma patients throughout the disease trajectory; (II) support and information need by caregivers of glioma patients. Accordingly, there is a need to recognize the importance of permanent and tailored support for caregivers by providing accurate, practical, and evidence-based information.

Discussion

This is the first attempt to systematically evaluate the breadth and quality of the literature concerning the experiences of caregivers with glioma patients. The results generated from the review may shed some light on problems encountered by glioma patients and their families. A limitation of this review is that in most selected studies, the reflexivity of interviewees is not addressed, which may influence the interpretation of the findings. Moreover, the selected studies were reported in English or Chinese, therefore, caution is needed in interpreting the results.

Intervention Protocol Based on Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change for Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract The present study is the translation and adaptation of an intervention based on the Transtheoretical Model of Change directed to patients at cardiovascular risk. The original 29-session manual was translated into Portuguese, extended to 36 sessions, and applied in a pilot study. The protocol was reduced to 12 sessions through the grouping based on the processes of change. The products of the present study were the processes in each behavior, the versatility of the protocol, the interdisciplinary work, the great cost-benefit, and the potential of effectiveness. Finally, the importance of consistent training in Motivational Interview, Transtheoretical Model and group management for proper use are highlighted, and the costs and benefits of protocols versus more flexible treatments are discussed.

Transtheoretical model for change in obese adolescents: MERC randomized clinical trial

The randomized controlled trial evaluated the effectiveness of an intervention based on the Transtheoretical Model of Change on anthropometric, metabolic and motivational outcomes in obese adolescents. A total of 135 male and female adolescents were randomized to two groups: intervention group (n = 65) and control group (n = 70). The adolescents were evaluated 1 week before the interventions began and at the end of 12 weeks. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in the outcome variables. Intervention group reported magnitude of effect more expressive on body mass index percentile, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, readiness to change diet and readiness to start exercise.

Risk perception, self-efficacy, trust for physician, depression, and behavior modification in diabetic patients

We evaluated the associations of risk perception, self-efficacy, and trust with two health promotion behaviors (food habits and exercise) and depressive mood. Diabetic patients aged between 40 and 64 (n = 1195) were included in the analyses. Risk perception worsened behavioral changes in terms of food habits and depression, whereas self-efficacy and trust improved food habits, exercise, and depression; trust improved exercise and depression. In conclusion, self-efficacy and trust appear to be more beneficial than risk perception for positive behavioral changes and for improving depression in diabetic patients. However, their influence on behavioral changes may be different according to the types of behaviors.