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Mehranfar S, Tarashi S, Hajishizari S, Badi SA, Yekaninejad MS, Clark CCT, Motahhary A, Jamili S, Siadat SD, Mirzaei K. The association between gut microbiota and resting metabolic rate in overweight/obese women: a case-control study. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2024; 23:931-941. [PMID: 38932806 PMCID: PMC11196539 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01368-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Purpose When examining the underlying processes of obesity, evaluation of gut flora and energy homeostasis can be crucial since disruption of the normal gut microbiota community and energy imbalances are significant factors in the development of obesity. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the relative abundance of important obesity modulator gut microbiota (including Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Bifidobactrium spp., Lactobacillus spp., Bacteroides fragilis, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Akkermansia muciniphila, and Escherichia coli) in fecal samples of normometabilic and hypometabolic overweight/obese individuals. Methods This matched case-control study conducted on 36 healthy women aged 18-50 years old. An indirect calorimeter and impedance body analyzer were used to assess resting metabolic rate (RMR) and body composition, respectively. Dietary intake and physical activity were assessed using questionnaires. To determine the abundance of the abovementioned gut microbiota, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method was performed. Moreover, ELISA kits were used to assess leptin, ghrelin, and insulin hormones. Results The results highlighted higher load of Firmicutes (p = 0.02), F. prausnitzii (p < 0.001), and B. fragilis (p = 0.02) in the normometabolic individuals compared to the hypometabolic ones. Besides, the positive correlation between the abundance of Firmicutes (β = 7.76 × 10-1, p = 0.01), F. prausnitzii (β = 1.29 × 10-5, p = 0.01), and B. fragilis (β = 4.13 × 10-6, p = 0.04) with the RMR have been shown. Whereas the abundance of Bacteroidetes, A. muciniphila, Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobactrium spp., and E. coli showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) and no significant correlation with the RMR except Lactobacillus spp. (β = 1.73 × 10-4, p = 0.01). Conclusion It seems that gut microbiota can be a potential target for refining host energy homeostasis and treating obesity and its consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Mehranfar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Tarashi
- Microbiology Research Centre, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Hajishizari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ahmadi Badi
- Microbiology Research Centre, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Saeed Yekaninejad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cain C. T. Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Atiyyeh Motahhary
- Microbiology Research Centre, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Jamili
- Department of Surgery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Microbiology Research Centre, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Food Microbiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Van Dessel K, Verrijken A, De Block C, Verhaegen A, Peiffer F, Van Gaal L, De Wachter C, Dirinck E. Basal metabolic rate using indirect calorimetry among individuals living with overweight or obesity: The accuracy of predictive equations for basal metabolic rate. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 59:422-435. [PMID: 38220405 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Weight reduction programs in people with overweight or obesity can be informed by indirect calorimetry (IC) which is the gold standard to measure basal metabolic rate (BMR). Since IC is labor intensive and expensive, predictive equations are often used as an alternative. In this study the accuracy rate was assessed and bias statistics of predictive equations were compared to IC among subjects with overweight or obesity. Secondly, differences in clinical features between individuals with over-, accurate or underestimation of their BMR were evaluated. METHODS This cross sectional study included 731 subjects from the outpatient obesity clinic of the Antwerp University Hospital, Belgium. Fourteen equations were evaluated. Overestimation and underestimation was defined as >10 % and <10 % of measured BMR. RESULTS In the total population, mean age was 43 ± 13 years, mean BMI 35.6 ± 5.8 kg/m2 and 79.5 % were female. The highest accuracy rates were reached by the Henry (73 %), Ravussin (73 %) and Mifflin St. Jeor (73 %) equations. In the total population, the Mifflin St. Jeor and Henry equation were unbiased. The Akern, Livingston and Ravussin equations were biased to underestimation. All other equations were biased to overestimation. Subjects with an underestimation of BMR had significantly higher waist-hip ratio (1.02 ± 0.13 vs 0.91 ± 0.11; P < 0.001), higher visceral adipose tissue (239 ± 96 vs 162 ± 93; P < 0.001), lower fat free mass (kg) (67.6 (45.4-95.9) vs 54.0 (39.6-95.5); P < 0.001) and a higher prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome (24 (77.4) vs 112 (37.5); P < 0.001). Individuals with an overestimation of BMR had significantly higher subcutaneous adipose tissue (545 ± 149 vs 612 ± 149; P < 0.05), lower fasting plasma insulin (81 (10-2019) vs 67 (27-253); P < 0.001) and lower 2-h plasma glucose (132 (30-430) vs 116 (43-193); P < 0.001) during OGTT. CONCLUSIONS In this study, the Henry and Mifflin St. Jeor equations have the highest accuracy and lowest bias to estimate the basal metabolic rate in a Caucasian, predominantly female, population living with overweight or obesity. Visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue and presence of metabolic syndrome were significantly different in individuals with over- or underestimation of BMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristof Van Dessel
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, B-2650, Edegem, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics (LEMP), Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - An Verrijken
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, B-2650, Edegem, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics (LEMP), Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Christophe De Block
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, B-2650, Edegem, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics (LEMP), Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Ann Verhaegen
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, B-2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Frida Peiffer
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, B-2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Luc Van Gaal
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, B-2650, Edegem, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics (LEMP), Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Cindy De Wachter
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, B-2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Eveline Dirinck
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, B-2650, Edegem, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics (LEMP), Wilrijk, Belgium
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de Lima Macena M, Tenório da Costa Paula D, da Silva Júnior AE, Rodrigues Silva Praxedes D, Bueno NB. Longitudinal estimates of resting energy expenditure using predictive equations in individuals with excess weight after weight loss: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 58:263-269. [PMID: 38057015 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS To determine which resting energy expenditure (REE) predictive equation has the lowest bias in the aggregate level in individuals with excess weight during weight loss interventions. METHODS Searches were performed in MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, CENTRAL and gray literature databases. Longitudinal studies on weight loss interventions which evaluated REE by predictive equations compared to that measured by indirect calorimetry in adults with excess weight at different follow-up times were included. Meta-analyses were performed with the differences between biases of predictive equations of the REE at the different follow-up times of weight loss. RESULTS Of the total of 2178 occurrences found in the databases, only eight studies were included. The Harris-Benedict (1919) equation showed the smallest differences between bias up to the third month (MD = 103.33 kcal; 95%CI = -39.01; 245.67), in the sixth month (MD = 59.16 kcal; 95%CI = 8.74; 109.57) and at the 12th month (MD = -71.41 kcal; 95%CI = -150.38; 7.55) of weight loss follow-up. Weight loss does not seem to have an effect on bias at different follow-up times. CONCLUSION Harris-Benedict (1919) equation seems to be the most adequate to assess the REE of individuals with excess weight during weight loss. However, the finding of large estimated predictive intervals may indicate that predictive equations may not be handy tools for individuals losing and regaining weight due to changes other than body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus de Lima Macena
- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratório de Nutrição e Metabolismo, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | | | - André Eduardo da Silva Júnior
- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratório de Nutrição e Metabolismo, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Dafiny Rodrigues Silva Praxedes
- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratório de Nutrição e Metabolismo, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Nassib Bezerra Bueno
- Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratório de Nutrição e Metabolismo, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.
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Buch A, Diener J, Stern N, Rubin A, Kis O, Sofer Y, Yaron M, Greenman Y, Eldor R, Eilat-Adar S. Comparison of Equations Estimating Resting Metabolic Rate in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes. J Clin Med 2021; 10:1644. [PMID: 33921537 PMCID: PMC8070373 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10081644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Measuring resting metabolic rate (RMR) is time-consuming and expensive, and thus various equations for estimating RMR have been developed. This study's objective was to compare five equations in elderly people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). RMR was measured in 90 older adults (≥65 years) with T2DM (mean body mass index (BMI) of 31.5 kg/m2), using indirect calorimetry. Results were compared to four frequently used equations (those of Cunningham, Harris and Benedict, and Gougeon developed for young adults with T2DM, and that of Lührmann, which was developed for the elderly), in addition to a new equation developed recently at the Academic College at Wingate (Nachmani) for overweight individuals. Estimation accuracy was defined as the percentage of subjects with calculated RMR within ±10% of measured RMR. Measured RMR was significantly underestimated by all equations. The equations of Nachmani and Lührmann had the best estimation accuracy: 71.4% in males and 50.9% in females. Skeletal muscle mass, fat mass, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and the use of insulin explained 70.6% of the variability in measured RMR. RMR in elderly participants with T2DM was higher than that calculated using existing equations. The most accurate equations for this specific population were those developed for obesity or the elderly. Unbalanced T2DM may increase caloric demands in the elderly. It is recommended to adjust the RMR equations used for the target population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assaf Buch
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 64239, Israel; (O.K.); (Y.S.); (M.Y.); (Y.G.); (R.E.)
- The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 64239, Israel;
- School of Health Sciences, Ashkelon Academic College, Ashkelon 78211, Israel
| | - Jonathan Diener
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;
- The Academic College at Wingate, Wingate Institute, Netanya 42902, Israel; (A.R.); (S.E.-A.)
| | - Naftali Stern
- The Sagol Center for Epigenetics of Metabolism and Aging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 64239, Israel;
- The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Amir Rubin
- The Academic College at Wingate, Wingate Institute, Netanya 42902, Israel; (A.R.); (S.E.-A.)
| | - Ofer Kis
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 64239, Israel; (O.K.); (Y.S.); (M.Y.); (Y.G.); (R.E.)
| | - Yael Sofer
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 64239, Israel; (O.K.); (Y.S.); (M.Y.); (Y.G.); (R.E.)
- The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Mariana Yaron
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 64239, Israel; (O.K.); (Y.S.); (M.Y.); (Y.G.); (R.E.)
| | - Yona Greenman
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 64239, Israel; (O.K.); (Y.S.); (M.Y.); (Y.G.); (R.E.)
- The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Roy Eldor
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv 64239, Israel; (O.K.); (Y.S.); (M.Y.); (Y.G.); (R.E.)
- The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Sigal Eilat-Adar
- The Academic College at Wingate, Wingate Institute, Netanya 42902, Israel; (A.R.); (S.E.-A.)
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