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Pavlacic JM, Dixon LJ, Schulenberg SE, Buchanan EM. Examining daily-level associations between nightly alcohol use and next-day valued behavior in college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:963-967. [PMID: 32669050 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1785473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ObjectiveAdverse consequences of binge drinking episodes are well-established, but fewer studies have investigated how incremental changes in daily alcohol use relate to well-being. We examined within- and between-person associations in alcohol use and next-day valued living to enhance our understanding of the impact of alcohol use on following-day outcomes in college students. Participants. During November 2018, 73 undergraduate participants (65.7% female) completed surveys through Qualtrics. Method: Using daily diary methodology, participants completed nightly surveys (N = 784) on their cellular devices over a two-week period. Results: Within-participant variations in evening alcohol use demonstrated a negative linear association with next-day valued living, controlling for relevant variables. Conclusions: Findings supplement other studies demonstrating the impact of individual variability in alcohol use on engagement in valued behaviors. Knowledge of the hazards of alcohol use within the context of valued living has the potential to inform alcohol use prevention and intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura J Dixon
- University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
| | | | - Erin M Buchanan
- Harrisburg University of Science and Technology, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, USA
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Otero-López JM, Santiago MJ, Castro MC. Life Aspirations, Generativity and Compulsive Buying in University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18158060. [PMID: 34360350 PMCID: PMC8345613 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18158060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The study of goal-oriented behaviour, because of its undeniable repercussions on physical and mental health, is one of the target topics of contemporary research. However, the content of life aspirations, emphasised from the self-determination theory, has received little attention from the field of compulsive buying although it plays an important role in the regulation of behaviour and well-being. Generativity, the personal construct that captures the intentions and/or the need to contribute (leave a legacy) to others, has never been analysed with respect to compulsive buying although it has been the source of interest of related fields (responsible consumption). Accordingly, this study seeks to shed light on the role of both constructs (life aspirations and generativity) in compulsive buying among university students. The sample consisted of 1093 Spanish university students classified either as non-compulsive buyers or compulsive buyers. Estimated prevalence of compulsive buying was 7.9%. The results of Student's test confirm that, besides gender (women report greater propensity to the phenomenon), compulsive buyers score higher and show statistically significant differences with respect to non-compulsive buyers in all extrinsic goals (financial success, image, popularity and conformity) and hedonism. Non-compulsive buyers show significantly higher scores for the intrinsic goals of self-acceptance, affiliation and community feeling and also report a higher generative concern. The logistic regression analysis confirms that being female and the life aspirations of image, popularity and hedonism act as risk factors in compulsive buying in university students while generativity and the importance granted to the intrinsic goals of self-acceptance and affiliation are protective factors. Potential lines of action for this worrying phenomenon are discussed in the light of the findings.
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Lee CS, Magill M, Figuereo VJ, Jackson K, Colby SM. Examining client self-exploration in motivational interviewing: Preliminary psychometrics of an observational rating measure. J Subst Abuse Treat 2021; 129:108345. [PMID: 34080540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We examine in-session self-exploration among Latinx heavy drinkers who received a motivational interview (MI) to reduce heavy drinking. The goals of this study are to report the validity and reliability of an adaptation of the Global Client Rating for Self-Exploration from the Motivational Interviewing Skill Code (MISC SE). METHOD The study measured the MISC SE as three subscales (Emotional, Cognitive, New Learning/Developing Discrepancy SE) to assess underlying processes that might allow for higher predictive validity in relation to behavioral change (drinking) outcomes. The study created a dichotomous variable, Personally Relevant Vulnerable Making (PR-VM), to distinguish the disclosure of particularly sensitive material related to drinking behavior. The study used the measure of Everyday Discrimination as a criterion variable for the PR-VM measure. The study collected observationally rated data for n = 158 participants. RESULTS Subscales showed moderate correlations with the MISC SE (r = 0.421 to 0.574, p < .001). The MISC SE was not associated with number of drinking days or percent heavy drinking days at 3-month follow-up. Cognitive and New Learning/Developing Discrepancy SE were associated with fewer drinking days (r = -0.247 to -0.266, p < .005), and Cognitive SE was associated with percent heavy drinking days (r = -0.169, p < .05), Subscale interrater reliability was comparable to the MISC SE (ICC = 0.72 to 0.86). The study observed higher mean scores on the Everyday Discrimination scale when session PR-VM was present than when not present (t (df = 118) = -3.02, p < .005). CONCLUSIONS The subscale adaptation of the SE measure may provide a sensitive approach to understanding how self-exploration relates to behavior change in the context of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina S Lee
- Boston University School of Social Work, 264 Bay State Road, Boston, MA 02215, United States of America.
| | - Molly Magill
- Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States of America.
| | - Victor J Figuereo
- Boston College School of Social Work, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, United States of America.
| | - Kristina Jackson
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States of America.
| | - Suzanne M Colby
- Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States of America.
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Asagba RB, Agberotimi SF, Olaseni AO. Prevalence and psychological correlates of alcohol use among Nigerian university students. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2021.1875067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Samson F. Agberotimi
- Lifestyle Diseases Research Entity, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa
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Finkelstein-Fox L, Pavlacic JM, Buchanan EM, Schulenberg SE, Park CL. Valued Living in Daily Experience: Relations with Mindfulness, Meaning, Psychological Flexibility, and Stressors. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-019-10062-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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A Multilevel Study of Alcohol Consumption in Young Adults: Self-Efficacy, Peers' Motivations and Protective Strategies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16162827. [PMID: 31398815 PMCID: PMC6720189 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In both developing and underdeveloped countries there has been a worrying increase in the number of young people drinking alcohol; this public health problem warrants more research. This multilevel study analyzed the influence of drinking refusal self-efficacy, peers’ motivation, and protective behavioral strategies as predictors of alcohol consumption in a sample of 261 young people arranged into 52 social groups (peers who regularly shared leisure activities). A series of questionnaires were administered individually to evaluate beliefs and behaviors related to alcohol consumption at both individual level (drinking refusal self-efficacy) and peer level (enhancement motivation and protective behavioral strategies). The results showed that the individual variable (drinking refusal self-efficacy) predicted alcohol consumption behaviors. The multilevel design allowed us to evaluate the direct and moderated effects of peers’ enhancement motivation and protective behavioral strategies on the relationship between self-efficacy and drinking behavior. These results show the importance of developing cognitive, behavioral, and educational intervention programs to increase young people and university students’ confidence and ability to use protective strategies, in order to reduce alcohol use.
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Serowik KL, Orsillo SM. The relationship between substance use, experiential avoidance, and personally meaningful experiences. Subst Use Misuse 2019; 54:1834-1844. [PMID: 31140338 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2019.1618329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: High rates of substance use among college students have been associated with a wide range of detrimental consequences. Psychological inflexibility, characterized by both experiential avoidance and a disconnection with personally meaningful values, is proposed to contribute to the development and maintenance of substance misuse. Objectives: This study explored the unique contribution of experiential avoidance and four different values dimensions (i.e., importance, consistency, effort, and intrinsic motivation) on substance use and related problems accounting for the known predictors of gender and drinking motives. Method: Zero-inflated regression was used to analyze predictors of substance use and related problems among 233 college students. Results: Controlling for gender and drinking motives, stronger values importance was predictive of lower rates of alcohol use problems. Less behavioral consistency with values predicted marijuana abstinence, less frequent use of marijuana, and less frequent use of illicit drugs. Although there was little evidence for a unique association between experiential avoidance and substance use or substance-related problems in this sample, coping and enhancement motives predicted alcohol use problems and illicit drug use. Conclusion/Importance: These findings offer preliminary support for prevention and intervention efforts aimed at enhancing engagement in values activities and reducing substance use as a form of affect regulation in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin L Serowik
- a Department of Psychology , Suffolk University , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Susan M Orsillo
- a Department of Psychology , Suffolk University , Boston , Massachusetts , USA
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Abstract
Viktor Frankl theorized that an absence of meaning in one’s life can result in boredom and apathy—the “existential vacuum”—and attempts to avoid or “escape” the vacuum can include short-acting distracting behaviors. This study investigated whether the presence of meaning (PM) or the search for meaning are associated with alcohol, drug, and cigarette use by young adults, and whether boredom mediates those relationships. Hundred and seventy-six young adults completed the Meaning in Life Questionnaire, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, and provided information about cigarette and illicit drug use over the preceding year. The results partly support Frankl’s model: higher PM was associated with lower alcohol/other drug use and boredom mediated those relationships, but PM was not related to cigarette smoking. Contrary to Frankl’s model, no relationship was found between search for meaning and alcohol, drug, or cigarette use. This suggests that psychological interventions that assist individuals who use drugs or alcohol to identify meaning or purpose in their lives might reduce levels of drug and alcohol use. The process of searching for meaning may not have substantial direct impact on levels of substance use, but once some meaning was established there may be decreased impetus to continue using drugs and alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Csabonyi
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lisa J. Phillips
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Aurora P, Klanecky AK. Drinking motives mediate emotion regulation difficulties and problem drinking in college students. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2016; 42:341-50. [DOI: 10.3109/00952990.2015.1133633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Aurora
- Department of Psychology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
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Brunelle C, Flood M. Examining the relationship between self-reported executive cognitive functioning and substance misuse in university students. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2015. [DOI: 10.3109/14659891.2014.884175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Brunelle
- Department of Psychology, University of New Brunswick Saint John Campus, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Meghan Flood
- Department of Psychology, University of New Brunswick Saint John Campus, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
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Meisel SN, Palfai TP. Meaning in life goal pursuit moderates the effects of social influences on college student drinking. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel N. Meisel
- University at Buffalo; The State University of New York; Buffalo NY 14260
| | - Tibor P. Palfai
- Department of Psychology; Boston University; Boston MA 02215
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Foster DW. Drinking identity as a mediator of the relationship between drinking motives and weekly alcohol consumption among heavy drinking undergraduate students. Addict Behav 2014; 39:1811-5. [PMID: 25127197 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study assessed relationships among social, coping, enhancement, and conformity drinking motives and weekly alcohol consumption by considering drinking identity as a mediator of this relationship. METHODS Participants were 260 heavy drinking undergraduate students (81% female; Mage=23.45; SD=5.39) who completed a web-based survey. RESULTS Consistent with expectations, findings revealed significant direct effects of motives on drinking identity for all four models. Further, significant direct effects emerged for drinking identity on weekly drinking. Results partially supported predictions that motives would have direct effects on drinks per week; total effects of motives on drinking emerged for all models but direct effects of motives on weekly drinking emerged for only enhancement motives. There were significant indirect effects of motives on weekly drinking through drinking identity for all four models. CONCLUSIONS The findings supported the hypotheses that drinking identity would mediate the relationship between drinking motives and alcohol consumption. These examinations have practical utility and may inform development and implementation of interventions and programs targeting alcohol misuse among heavy drinking undergraduate students.
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Wright LL, Palfai TP. Life goal appraisal and marijuana use among college students. Addict Behav 2012; 37:797-802. [PMID: 22465375 PMCID: PMC3371637 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Revised: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The current study was designed to examine the motivational context of marijuana use among college students using idiographic and nomothetic goal assessment approaches. One hundred and ninety-eight introductory psychology students completed a questionnaire that included measures of life goals and marijuana use behavior. Forty-three percent of students surveyed reported the use of marijuana in the past 90 days. Students rated a set of five personally salient, self-generated and five normative life goals on a series of dimensions using the personal projects methodology (Little, 1983). Goal meaning and goal efficacy ratings for each type of assessment were studied in relation to the likelihood of marijuana use and the frequency of use among current users. Logistic regression analyses showed that levels of meaning for self-generated life goals and normative academic life goals were independent predictors of whether students used marijuana in the past 90 days. Students who reported high levels of meaning were less likely to have used marijuana in the past 90 days. For students who used marijuana, higher meaning ratings related to involvement in groups/organizations and fitness were correlated with decreased frequency of use. Moreover, ratings of efficacy related to self-generated goals were associated with less frequent use among smokers. These results suggest that meaning related to life goal pursuit may be associated with students' decisions to use marijuana. Potential implications for interventions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie L Wright
- Department of Psychology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Schnetzer LW, Schulenberg SE, Buchanan EM. Differential associations among alcohol use, depression and perceived life meaning in male and female college students. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2012. [DOI: 10.3109/14659891.2012.661026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Palfai TP, Ralston TE. Life goals and alcohol use among first-year college students: the role of motives to limit drinking. Addict Behav 2011; 36:1083-6. [PMID: 21733631 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Revised: 02/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of the present study was to advance our understanding of how life goals are associated with hazardous alcohol use among first-year university students. One-hundred and seventeen students rated a series of self-generated life goals on meaning and efficacy and then completed alcohol assessments. Higher goal meaning ratings were associated with less alcohol use and fewer heavy drinking episodes. Tests of indirect effects showed that the associations between goal meaning ratings and alcohol use indices were mediated by motives to limit drinking, particularly the motive to maintain self-control/standards. These results replicate and extend previous work on goal meaning and hazardous drinking among students. Findings are consistent with the view that engagement in university life goals may serve as a protective factor against hazardous drinking among first-year students due to greater concern with the impact of drinking on their ability to attain goal standards.
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