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Battaglini AM, Rnic K, Jopling E, Tracy A, LeMoult J. Communication modality matters: Co-rumination via in-person versus digital modalities has different prospective associations with depression and friendship quality. J Adolesc 2024; 96:645-658. [PMID: 38167782 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Co-rumination is an interpersonal emotion regulation strategy in which negative feelings and problems are discussed perseveratively with another person. Although co-rumination is salient in adolescence, research to date has focused on co-rumination occurring in person and has not kept pace with the surge in digital communication that begins in adolescence. This study examined the degree, associations among, and consequences (i.e., depressive symptoms, and friendship quality) of adolescents' co-rumination via in-person, text, social media, and phone modalities. METHODS Adolescents (n = 109; 51 girls, 57 boys, 1 nonbinary; Mage = 12.83 years) residing in Canada, completed self-report questionnaires on co-rumination, depressive symptoms, and friendship quality for up to 2 years. RESULTS Adolescents engaged in co-rumination across all modalities, particularly in-person. Findings indicated a negative association between in-person co-rumination at baseline and in-person co-rumination over time. Whereas less text co-rumination was associated with increased depressive symptoms over time, greater phone co-rumination was associated with increased depressive symptoms over time. Although greater in-person co-rumination was positively associated with friendship quality concurrently, it was negatively associated with friendship quality prospectively. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, co-rumination outcomes may vary depending on communication modality. Implications for adolescents' mental and social wellbeing are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katerina Rnic
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ellen Jopling
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Alison Tracy
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Joelle LeMoult
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Wenzel M, Rossi C, Thai M, Woodyatt L, Okimoto TG, Worthington EL. Let's talk about this: Co‐rumination and dyadic dynamics of moral repair following wrongdoing. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Coping with COVID Stress: Maladaptive and Adaptive Response Styles Predicting College Student Internalizing Symptom Dimensions. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2022; 44:1004-1020. [PMID: 35892122 PMCID: PMC9305060 DOI: 10.1007/s10862-022-09975-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted daily life for undergraduates and introduced new stressors (e.g., campus closures). How individuals respond to stressors can interact with stress to increase disorder risk in both unique and transdiagnostic ways. The current study examined how maladaptive and adaptive stress response styles moderated the perceived severity of COVID-related stressors effect on general and specific internalizing dimensions at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in a combined undergraduate sample across two universities (N = 451) using latent bifactor modeling and LASSO modeling to identify optimal predictors. Results showed that perceived stress severity and maladaptive response styles (not adaptive response styles or interactions between stress and response styles) were associated with both common and specific internalizing dimensions. Results suggest additive associations of stress severity and maladaptive coping with internalizing symptoms during the pandemic’s beginning, and provide important insights for screening, prevention, and intervention during future public health crises.
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Problem Talk in Adolescence: Temperament and Attachment as Predictors of Co-Rumination Trajectories in Boys and Girls. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11091157. [PMID: 34573179 PMCID: PMC8469767 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11091157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-rumination has consistently been shown to be maladaptive in the context of emotional well-being. However, not much is known about factors that predict one's tendency to co-ruminate. The current study investigated temperament, attachment, and gender as predictors of co-rumination trajectories in a sample of 1549 early and middle adolescents from fifth to ninth grade (53.4% girls; Mage = 12.93). Analyses were performed on four waves of data with one-year intervals using multi-level modeling. First, girls were found to be more likely to co-ruminate. Second, high positive affectivity in boys and girls and high effortful control in boys was related to higher co-rumination. Third, high attachment anxiety and high general trust in the availability and support of a mother were predictive of higher co-rumination levels. High attachment avoidance was negatively related to co-rumination in boys. High positive affectivity in boys and girls and high trust in boys predicted decreases in reported co-rumination levels over time. Results highlight differences between boys and girls in factors that predict the tendency to co-ruminate. The current study adds to the literature by helping to identify factors associated with the development of co-rumination, which is a well-established risk factor of internalizing symptoms. Monitoring youth affected with these vulnerabilities may be recommended for prevention efforts.
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Starr LR, Huang M, Scarpulla E. Does it help to talk about it? Co-rumination, internalizing symptoms, and committed action during the COVID-19 global pandemic. JOURNAL OF CONTEXTUAL BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Co-Rumination and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence: Prospective Associations and the Mediating Role of Brooding Rumination. J Youth Adolesc 2021; 50:1003-1016. [PMID: 33675504 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-021-01412-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Although relationships between co-rumination and depressive symptoms have often been found, little research attention has been given to mechanisms underlying this association. The current study investigated brooding rumination as a mediator of the relationship between co-rumination and depressive symptoms. Analyses were performed on data of 1549 adolescents (53.4% girls; Mage = 12.93, range 9-17) using three waves of data with 1-year intervals. Mediated and indirect effects were investigated by means of cross-lagged analyses. The results indicated that co-rumination was not predictive of depressive symptoms 2 years later. However, co-rumination did have an indirect effect on prospective depressive symptoms through brooding rumination. Additional analyses looking into the directionality of effects showed that neither brooding rumination nor depressive symptoms were predictive of relative increases in one's tendency to co-ruminate. Multi-group analyses further showed that findings were not moderated by gender or age. The current study contributes to the growing literature on the role of interpersonal and intrapersonal affect-regulation styles in predicting depressive symptoms and suggests that passive and catastrophic problem talk with same-sex friends may get internalized into maladaptive and repetitive thinking patterns.
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Christensen KA, Seager van Dyk I, Nelson SV, Vasey MW. Using multilevel modeling to characterize interpersonal emotion regulation strategies and psychopathology in female friends. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Rimé B, Bouchat P, Paquot L, Giglio L. Intrapersonal, interpersonal, and social outcomes of the social sharing of emotion. Curr Opin Psychol 2020; 31:127-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Murdock KK, Carlucci L, Balsamo M. A Cross-Cultural Investigation of Co-Rumination Via Cellphone Among Emerging Adults. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1521/jscp.2019.38.7.671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: This study investigated cellphone-mediated co-rumination and its association with emerging adults' anxiety, depression, and social functioning. Comparisons on the basis of gender and nation of residence (United States vs. Italy) were made, and the co-rumination subcomponent of co-brooding was explored. Method: Participants included 216 undergraduate students recruited in the southeastern United States and 375 students recruited in southern Italy. Results: Co-rumination via cellphone was associated with higher levels of anxiety and depression and lower levels of social self-efficacy in the U.S. sample. Analyses of the co-brooding element of co-rumination via cellphone revealed its robust association with anxiety and depression in the U.S. sample. In contrast, among Italian emerging adults co-rumination via cellphone was not associated with anxiety or depression and it was positively associated with social well-being. Co-brooding via cellphone was not associated with anxiety or depression in the Italy sample. Discussion: Cross-cultural and gender differences in co-rumination via cellphone and psychosocial functioning are discussed.
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Barry TJ, Vinograd M, Boddez Y, Raes F, Zinbarg R, Mineka S, Craske MG. Reduced autobiographical memory specificity affects general distress through poor social support. Memory 2019; 27:916-923. [PMID: 31092144 PMCID: PMC10948046 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2019.1607876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Sharing specific autobiographical events is likely to influence the support people give us; a person who shares little detail of their lives may be unlikely to attract social support and this may in turn contribute towards anxious and depressive symptoms. Participants (N = 142) reported memories evoked by negative and positive cue words and these memories were coded for whether or not they referred to a specific event lasting less than 24 h. At this time (T1) and one year later (T2), participants also completed the UCLA Life Stress Interview (LSI), which includes a measure of social support, and measures of depression and anxiety comprising a general distress latent construct. The tendency to recall fewer specific memories was associated with lower social support given by friends and romantic partners and this was in turn associated with elevated general distress at T2, even when accounting for T1 social support and general distress. Our findings contribute to the literature regarding the social function of memory and suggest another route via which reduced specificity contributes to emotional disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom J Barry
- a Experimental Psychopathology Lab, Department of Psychology , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong
- b Researching Emotional Disorders and Development Lab , The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London , London , UK
| | - Meghan Vinograd
- c Department of Psychology , UCLA Anxiety and Depression Research Centre, University of California , Los Angeles , USA
| | - Yannick Boddez
- d Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology , University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
- e Centre for Learning Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology , University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Filip Raes
- e Centre for Learning Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology , University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Richard Zinbarg
- f Department of Psychology , Northwestern University , Evanston , IL , USA
- g The Family Institute at Northwestern University , Evanston , IL , USA
| | - Susan Mineka
- f Department of Psychology , Northwestern University , Evanston , IL , USA
- g The Family Institute at Northwestern University , Evanston , IL , USA
| | - Michelle G Craske
- c Department of Psychology , UCLA Anxiety and Depression Research Centre, University of California , Los Angeles , USA
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Nelis S, Bastin M, Raes F, Bijttebier P. How do my parents react when I feel happy? Longitudinal associations with adolescent depressive symptoms, anhedonia, and positive affect regulation. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Nelis
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, School Psychology and Development in Context KU Leuven Leuven Belgium
| | - Margot Bastin
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, School Psychology and Development in Context KU Leuven Leuven Belgium
| | - Filip Raes
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, School Psychology and Development in Context KU Leuven Leuven Belgium
| | - Patricia Bijttebier
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, School Psychology and Development in Context KU Leuven Leuven Belgium
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Co-Brooding and Co-Reflection as Differential Predictors of Depressive Symptoms and Friendship Quality in Adolescents: Investigating the Moderating Role of Gender. J Youth Adolesc 2017; 47:1037-1051. [DOI: 10.1007/s10964-017-0746-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Intra- and interpersonal emotion regulation and adjustment symptoms in couples: The role of co-brooding and co-reappraisal. BMC Psychol 2016; 4:51. [PMID: 27793188 PMCID: PMC5084345 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-016-0159-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult emotion regulation is not only occurring within the person but includes strategies that happen in social interactions and that are framed as co-regulating. The current study investigates the role of the interpersonal emotion regulation strategies of co-reappraisal and co-brooding in couples for adjustment disorder symptoms as the disorder will be outlined in the International Classification of Diseases-11 (ICD-11). METHODS Couples registered together in an online questionnaire study reporting whether or not they are adjusting to a major stressor that is psychologically challenging to them. In total, one hundred and forty-six participants (N = 73 male; N = 73 female) reported having experienced a major stressor in the last 12 months and were thus be identified as at risk for adjustment disorder. Those individuals at risk were assessed for adjustment disorder and depressive symptoms; intra- and interpersonal emotion regulation (co-/brooding, co-/reappraisal) were assessed not only in the individual at risk but also in the romantic partner. RESULTS Regression-based dyadic analyses revealed that above and beyond intrapersonal emotion regulation, interpersonal co-brooding and for the female participants also co-reappraisal were significantly associated with symptoms of adjustment disorder and depression, standardized betas varied between .24 and .36, suggesting medium effect sizes. An association with the female partner's tendency to reappraise with fewer symptoms in the male partner at risk for adjustment disorder could also be observed. CONCLUSIONS Co-brooding and co-reappraisal represent emotion regulation strategies that happen in social interaction and seem to play a relevant role in the context of adjustment disorders above and beyond the commonly assessed intrapersonal emotion regulation strategies.
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Nelis S, Bastin M, Raes F, Mezulis A, Bijttebier P. Trait affectivity and response styles to positive affect: Negative affectivity relates to dampening and positive affectivity relates to enhancing. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.02.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Spendelow JS, Simonds LM, Avery RE. The Relationship between Co-rumination and Internalizing Problems: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Psychother 2016; 24:512-527. [DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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