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Iacob D, Paduraru E, Gabor VR, Gache C, Breaban IG, Gurlui S, Plavan G, Jijie R, Nicoara M. Trace Metal Bioaccumulation in Feral Pigeons ( Columba livia f. domestica) and Rooks ( Corvus frugilegus) Residing in the Urban Environment of Iasi City, Romania. TOXICS 2024; 12:593. [PMID: 39195696 PMCID: PMC11359549 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12080593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, trace metal contamination within urban atmospheres is a significant and concerning global issue. In the present study, two synanthropic bird species, namely, the feral pigeon (Columba livia f. domestica) and the rook (Corvus frugilegus), were employed as bioindicators to assess the atmospheric trace metal pollution in Iasi City, Romania. The concentrations of Ni, Pb, Cd, Co, Cr, and Cu were determined through high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (HR-CS GF-AAS) of various tissues, including the liver, kidney, lung, heart, muscle, and bone, of feral pigeons and rooks collected in Iasi City. The order of trace metal concentrations in the tissues of feral pigeons and rooks in Iasi City was similar: Cu > Pb > Ni > Cd > Cr > Co. However, trace element values in most tissues were higher in the rook samples than in feral pigeon ones, except for Co, which had elevated levels in feral pigeon renal and cardiac tissues, and Cu, which registered the highest concentrations in feral pigeon liver and kidney tissues. While not statistically significant, Pb concentration values in the PM10 fraction of atmospheric particles positively correlated with Pb concentrations in rook kidney samples (p = 0.05). The concentration levels of Cd, Pb, and Ni in the PM10 fraction of air particles showed a positive correlation with Cd levels in the samples of pigeon heart and rook liver, kidney, and heart, Pb levels in the samples of pigeon kidney, heart, and muscle and rook liver and bone, and Ni levels in the samples of pigeon liver, kidney, and bone and rook liver, muscle, and bone, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Iacob
- Doctoral School of Geosciences, Faculty of Geography and Geology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, No. 20A Carol I Avenue, 700505 Iasi, Romania; (D.I.); (E.P.); (I.G.B.)
| | - Emanuela Paduraru
- Doctoral School of Geosciences, Faculty of Geography and Geology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, No. 20A Carol I Avenue, 700505 Iasi, Romania; (D.I.); (E.P.); (I.G.B.)
| | - Vicentiu-Robert Gabor
- Department of Geography, Faculty of Geography and Geology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, No. 20A Carol I Avenue, 700505 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Carmen Gache
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, No. 20A Carol I Avenue, 700505 Iasi, Romania; (C.G.); (G.P.)
| | - Iuliana Gabriela Breaban
- Doctoral School of Geosciences, Faculty of Geography and Geology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, No. 20A Carol I Avenue, 700505 Iasi, Romania; (D.I.); (E.P.); (I.G.B.)
- Department of Geography, Faculty of Geography and Geology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, No. 20A Carol I Avenue, 700505 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Silviu Gurlui
- Faculty of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, No. 11 Carol I Avenue, 700506 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Gabriel Plavan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, No. 20A Carol I Avenue, 700505 Iasi, Romania; (C.G.); (G.P.)
| | - Roxana Jijie
- Research Center on Advanced Materials and Technologies (RAMTECH), Department of Exact and Natural Sciences, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, No. 11 Carol I Avenue, 700506 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Mircea Nicoara
- Doctoral School of Geosciences, Faculty of Geography and Geology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, No. 20A Carol I Avenue, 700505 Iasi, Romania; (D.I.); (E.P.); (I.G.B.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, No. 20A Carol I Avenue, 700505 Iasi, Romania; (C.G.); (G.P.)
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Schwantes U. Impact of anthropogenous environmental factors on the marine ecosystem of trophically transmitted helminths and hosting seabirds: Focus on North Atlantic, North Sea, Baltic and the Arctic seas. Helminthologia 2023; 60:300-326. [PMID: 38222492 PMCID: PMC10787638 DOI: 10.2478/helm-2023-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Alongside natural factors, human activities have a major impact on the marine environment and thus influence processes in vulnerable ecosystems. The major purpose of this review is to summarise the current understanding as to how manmade factors influence the marine biocenosis of helminths, their intermediate hosts as well as seabirds as their final hosts. Moreover, it highlights current knowledge gaps regarding this ecosystem, which should be closed in order to gain a more complete understanding of these interactions. This work is primarily focused on helminths parasitizing seabirds of the North Atlantic and the Arctic Ocean. The complex life cycles of seabird helminths may be impacted by fishing and aquaculture, as they interfere with the abundance of fish and seabird species, while the latter also affects the geographical distribution of intermediate hosts (marine bivalve and fish species), and may therefore alter the intertwined marine ecosystem. Increasing temperatures and seawater acidification as well as environmental pollutants may have negative or positive effects on different parts of this interactive ecosystem and may entail shifts in the abundance or regional distribution of parasites and/or intermediate and final hosts. Organic pollutants and trace elements may weaken the immune system of the hosting seabirds and hence affect the final host's ability to control the endoparasites. On the other hand, in some cases helminths seem to function as a sink for trace elements resulting in decreased concentrations of heavy metals in birds' tissues. Furthermore, this article also describes the role of helminths in mass mortality events amongst seabird populations, which beside natural causes (weather, viral and bacterial infections) have anthropogenous origin as well (e.g. oil spills, climate change, overfishing and environmental pollution).
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Affiliation(s)
- U. Schwantes
- Verein Jordsand zum Schutz der Seevögel und der Natur e.V., Ahrensburg, Germany
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Siddiqui TR, Hoque MR, Roy BC, Anisuzzaman, Alam MZ, Khatun MS, Dey AR. Morphological and phylogenetic analysis of Raillietina spp. in indigenous chickens ( Gallus gallus domesticus) in Bangladesh. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103784. [PMID: 37680979 PMCID: PMC10480643 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Raillietina spp. (Cestoda: Davaineidae), the most common cestodes in indigenous chickens, cause a substantial production loss in poultry industry in Bangladesh. Here, we estimated the prevalence, confirmed the species and determined the genetic pattern of species of Raillietina using molecular tools. We collected and examined 375 chickens randomly from household of different villages of Mymensingh sadar and Gouripur upazila, Mymensingh district and adult parasites were isolated and identified. Genomic DNA was extracted from collected parasites, amplified ITS-2 and ND-1 genes, sequenced and analyzed. Out of 375 samples, 270 (72.0%) were found positive with Raillietina species and mean worm burden was 10.46 ± 0.56. Microscopically, three species of Raillietina, such as R. cesticillus (37.9%), R. echinobothrida (41.1%) and R. tetragona (52.8%) were detected on the basis of their morphological features. The total length, length and width of scolex, sucker and rostellum were also measured. Among different factors, age, farming nature and flock size of chickens were significantly (p < 0.05) influenced Raillietina infections. For further validation, the sequences of ITS-2 gene generated in this study were matched with reference sequences of R. cesticillus, R. echinobothrida and R. tetragona and found 99.63% - 100% similarity. The phylogenetic analyses of ITS-2 and ND-1 sequences were clustered together with the reference sequences of R. cesticillus, R. echinobothrida and R. tetragona confirming microscopic identification. This is the first confirmation of species of Raillietina along with the prevalence of the species, which will be helpful for the formulation of a control strategy and provide basic information for further molecular study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanbin Rubaiya Siddiqui
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Razibul Hoque
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Babul Chandra Roy
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Anisuzzaman
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Zahangir Alam
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mst. Sawda Khatun
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Anita Rani Dey
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
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Scott ME. Helminth-host-environment interactions: Looking down from the tip of the iceberg. J Helminthol 2023; 97:e59. [PMID: 37486085 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x23000433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
In 1978, the theory behind helminth parasites having the potential to regulate the abundance of their host populations was formalized based on the understanding that those helminth macroparasites that reduce survival or fecundity of the infected host population would be among the forces limiting unregulated host population growth. Now, 45 years later, a phenomenal breadth of factors that directly or indirectly affect the host-helminth interaction has emerged. Based largely on publications from the past 5 years, this review explores the host-helminth interaction from three lenses: the perspective of the helminth, the host, and the environment. What biotic and abiotic as well as social and intrinsic host factors affect helminths? What are the negative, and positive, implications for host populations and communities? What are the larger-scale implications of the host-helminth dynamic on the environment, and what evidence do we have that human-induced environmental change will modify this dynamic? The overwhelming message is that context is everything. Our understanding of second-, third-, and fourth-level interactions is extremely limited, and we are far from drawing generalizations about the myriad of microbe-helminth-host interactions.Yet the intricate, co-evolved balance and complexity of these interactions may provide a level of resilience in the face of global environmental change. Hopefully, this albeit limited compilation of recent research will spark new interdisciplinary studies, and application of the One Health approach to all helminth systems will generate new and testable conceptual frameworks that encompass our understanding of the host-helminth-environment triad.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Scott
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University (Macdonald Campus), 21,111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne de Bellevue, QuebecH9X 3V9, Canada
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Albeshr M, Alsharief R, Al-Otibi F, Al-Shaebi EM, Mohammed OB, Abdel-Gaber R. Morphological, molecular, and histopathological studies on Hadjelia truncata from Columba livia domestica and its role as an environmental biological indicator. J Nematol 2023; 55:20230050. [PMID: 38026547 PMCID: PMC10656277 DOI: 10.2478/jofnem-2023-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pigeons are a cosmopolitan group of birds with abundant and large populations associated with human activities. This study focused on determining parasitic infections within domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica). Forty-eight pigeons were examined for infections, of which 29.16% were infected with a nematode parasite, identified as Hadjelia truncata (Habronematidae), under the koilin layer of their gizzards. The population of nematodes in infected gizzards did not exceed 20 adult worms. DNA from the gizzard worms was extracted and subjected to PCR using primers that amplify the partial 18S rDNA and cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COX I) regions. Identification of this parasite based on microscopic study revealed the presence of trilobed lips with cephalic papillae and amphidial pores, as well as other characteristic features. In males, spicules were unequal with the presence of six pedunculated pairs of caudal papillae (4 pre- and 2 post-anal) and a tail surrounded with caudal ala. In females, the vulva was a rounded aperture located in front of the posterior end of the esophagus and uteri, which was filled with numerous embryonated eggs. DNA Sequences from partial 18S rDNA were homologous to sequences obtained from H. truncata in GenBank with a high percentage of identity. DNA sequences from mitochondrial gene COX I, however, were unique, and they were the first sequenced for H. truncata, since no sequences for this taxon were previously available in GenBank. Histopathological examination revealed enlargement of infected gizzards in comparison to non-infected ones, with the presence of necrosis and interstitial infiltration in the koilin layer. Concentrations of heavy metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, and Co) were measured using inductivity-coupled plasma in tissues (liver, muscles, and gizzards) from infected and non-infected pigeons as well as their parasites. Results showed different affinities of metals to tissues. Recovered parasites can minimize element concentration from their pigeon tissues. In Saudi Arabia, this study was considered the first report identifying pigeon nematodes and evaluating of the effects of their pathogenicity on the animals' welfare, as well as their application as a useful tool for monitoring environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Albeshr
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajwa Alsharief
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah Al-Otibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam M. Al-Shaebi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama B. Mohammed
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rewaida Abdel-Gaber
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Molecular identification of the rodent-borne pathogen Rodentolepis nana using the genetic markers of ITS-1, 18 S, and 28 S rDNA. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:1361-1367. [PMID: 34802115 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06966-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rodentolepis nana (syn. Hymenolepis nana), the most common cyclophyllid tapeworm infecting rodents, is a well-studied gastrointestinal parasite in mice and belongs to the family Hymenolepididae. METHODS The present study focuses on the molecular analysis for the nuclear genes (ITS-1, 18 S, and 28 S rDNA) used for the accurate recognition of the recovered Rodentolepis species. RESULTS The annotated partial ITS-1, 18 S, and 28 S rDNA gene regions were deposited in GenBank (gbǀ MW310394.1, gbǀ MW327585.1, and gbǀ MW324479.1, respectively) and further used in the maximum likelihood method (ML) to clarify their genetic relationships at the species level. The interrogation sequence of R. nana was aligned and belonged to the family Hymenolepididae, in the same group as all Hymenolepis species, which were distinct from Cyclophyllidea cestodes, especially species belonging to Anoplocephalidae and Taeniidae. Sequence data support the paraphyly of Hymenolepis species. CONCLUSIONS The phylogeny supports the availability of the ITS-1, 18 S, and 28 S rDNA genes as reliable genetic markers for evolutionary relationships.
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Yousafzai GJ, Rafiq N, Kamal M, Khan W, Yasmeen G, Masood Z, Usman T, Ghani N, Mohsin M, Ul Hassan H. Occurrence of cestodes and comparative efficacy of Typha angustata and sulphadimidine against cestodes in Columba livia domestica (Domestic Pigeon). Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5925-5930. [PMID: 34588908 PMCID: PMC8459152 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of intestinal parasites of Columba livia domestica has been on the increase, leading to high economic and production losses with more fatal cases. This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of cestodes in pigeons and determine the efficacy of Typha angustata extract and sulphadimidine against these cestodes in the domestic pigeon. A total of 30 pigeons were examined. 18 (60%) pigeons were found infected with only one type of cestode species (Raillietina spp.). The difference in prevalence between males and females was statistically significant (χ2 = 8.167, p = 0.004). The mean EPG count in group A (treated with T. angustata extract) before treatment and after treatment was 176 ± 4.33 and 155 ± 4.24, respectively. In group B (treated with sulphadimidine), the mean EPG calculated before treatment and after treatment was 184 ± 6.74 and 35 ± 3.53, respectively. The efficacy at day 28 of T. angustata and Sulphadimidine was 11.93% and 80.97%, respectively. It was concluded on the basis of the EPG and efficacy data that T. angustata extract had low efficacy against raillietiniasis, while as sulphadimidine, which is also used before to treat different intestinal parasites, had a good efficacy against raillietiniasis. Further studies are required to know the prevalence of other gastrointestinal parasites in pigeons and efficacy of different medicinal plants against such parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naseem Rafiq
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Mustafa Kamal
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Wali Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of Malakand, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Ghazala Yasmeen
- Department of Zoology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zubia Masood
- Department of Zoology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Usman
- College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Najma Ghani
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | | | - Habib Ul Hassan
- Department of Zoology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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Zhang D, Wu G, Yang X, Tian W, Huo N. Molecular phylogenetic identification and morphological characteristics of Raillietina echinobothrida (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea: Davaineidae) in commercial chickens in North China. Parasitol Res 2021; 120:1303-1310. [PMID: 33634412 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07081-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Raillietina echinobothrida (R. echinobothrida) is one of the most pathogenic and prevalent tapeworms threat to the commercial chickens in China. However, there is a lack of research on their molecular identification and morphological characteristics. This study explored the molecular identification markers for R. echinobothrida in North China based on 18s ribosomal RNA (18s rRNA) gene and the ribosomal DNA second internal transcribed spacer (ITS-2) gene. The BLAST results of 18s rRNA (1643 bp) and ITS-2 (564 bp) gene sequences showed that the isolated intestinal tapeworms were R. echinobothrida. Phylogenetic trees obtained by maximum likelihood (ML) or neighbor-joining (NJ) method revealed that the R. echinobothrida in North China had the closest evolutionary relationship with the species found on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, China. Morphological observations by hematoxylin staining and scanning electron microscope showed four round suckers and a retractable rostellum on the spherical scolex of R. echinobothrida. Two rows of alternately arranged hooks distributed around the rostellum. There were 30-40 testes in each mature segment. A well-developed cirrus pouch lied outside the excretory duct of mature segment. The gravid segment contained 200-400 eggs and there was a well-developed oncosphere in each egg. In addition, abundant ultrastructural features in mature proglottid of R. echinobothrida in North China were identified by transmission electron microscopy. In conclusion, the present study established ways of molecular phylogenetic identification for R. echinobothrida based on 18s rRNA and ITS-2 gene, and identified the morphological and ultrastructural characteristics of R. echinobothrida in North China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Taigu, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guodong Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Taigu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Taigu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxia Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Taigu, People's Republic of China
| | - Nairui Huo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Taigu, People's Republic of China.
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Al-Quraishy S, Abdel-Gaber R, Dkhil MA, Abdel-Baki AS, Alotaibi M, Alhafidh W, Al-Houshany N. Detection of Raillietina saudiae from the domestic pigeon in Saudi Arabia through 18S and 28S rDNA genes. Lett Appl Microbiol 2020; 72:90-97. [PMID: 32989757 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Raillietina saudiae is a well-studied avian gastrointestinal parasite belonging to the family Davaineidae and is the most prevalent cyclophyllid tapeworm infecting pigeon in Saudi Arabia. The present study considered as a complementary analysis of Al-Quraishy et al. (2019; Parasitol Int 71, 59-72) with molecular studies for two ribosomal DNA genes employed for precise recognition of this Raillietina species. The annotated partial 18S and 28S rDNA gene regions were found to be 888 and 900 bp long that utilized further to elucidate their genetic relationships at species level using maximum likelihood method. The query sequence of R. saudiae is well aligned and placed within the Davaineidae family, with the same clade of all species of Raillietina that well separated from other cyclophyllidean cestodes especially taeniid and hymenolepid species. Sequence data recorded the monophyly of Raillietina species. The current phylogeny supports the usage of the partial 18S and 28S rDNA genes as reliable markers for phylogenetic reconstructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Al-Quraishy
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Abdel-Gaber
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M A Dkhil
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A S Abdel-Baki
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - M Alotaibi
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - W Alhafidh
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - N Al-Houshany
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Brázová T, Orosová M, Šalamún P, Hanzelová V. Morphological abnormalities in fish parasites: a potential tool for biomonitoring natural contaminants? Parasitol Res 2020; 119:3297-3304. [PMID: 32827105 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06860-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A comparative study on the strobilar morphology of the tapeworm Proteocephalus percae (Müller, 1780) (Cestoda), a parasite of the perch Perca fluviatilis (L.), showed a high percentage of abnormally developed parasite individuals. The evaluation of biological samples showed seven types of morphological abnormalities, mostly related to reproductive organs of the model tapeworm species. The most commonly identified deformity was an incomplete segmentation of the strobila. A malformed ovary, which is a structural anomaly linked with proglottization and maturation of the strobila, was also shown to be rather frequent. Offish hosts (P. percae) were collected from two localities with different levels of heavy metal pollution, the highly contaminated water reservoir Ružín and a control locality, the water reservoir Palcmanská Maša, which belongs to the European network of protected areas in Slovakia. Tapeworm abnormalities occurred more frequently in individuals from the contaminated environment (29.9%) compared with individuals from the control site (4.9%). The concentrations of heavy metals found in the parasites and their fish hosts from the heavily polluted reservoir support our assumption that the occurrence of abnormalities could be linked with the destructive effect of toxic substances. The present study also demonstrates that the enumeration of body deformities exceeding the common level of phenotypic variability of particular parasitic species could potentially be used as an indicator of environmental problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tímea Brázová
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 04001, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martina Orosová
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 04001, Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Peter Šalamún
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 04001, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Vladimíra Hanzelová
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 04001, Košice, Slovakia
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Al-Olayan E, Elamin M, Alshehri E, Aloufi A, Alanazi Z, Almayouf M, Bakr L, Abdel-Gaber R. Morphological, Molecular, and Pathological Appraisal of Hymenolepis nana (Hymenolepididae) Infecting Laboratory Mice ( Mus musculus). MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2020; 26:348-362. [PMID: 32131927 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927620000161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hymenolepis nana, typically a parasite found in conventionally established mouse colonies, has zoonotic potential characterized by autoinfection and direct life cycle. The objective of this study was to determine the rate of parasite infection in laboratory mice. The hymenolepidide cestode infected 40% of the 50 mice sampled. The rate of infection in males (52%) was higher than in females (28%). Morphological studies on the cestode parasite showed that worms had a globular scolex with four suckers, a retractable rostellum with 20-30 hooks, and a short unsegmented neck. In addition, the remaining strobila consisted of immature, mature, and gravid proglottids, irregularly alternating genital pores, lobulated ovaries, postovarian vitelline glands, and uteri with up to 200 eggs in their gravid proglottids. The parasite taxonomy was confirmed by using molecular characterization based on the sequence analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (mtCOX1) gene. The parasite recovered was up to 80% identical to other species in GenBank. High blast scores and low divergence were noted between the isolated parasite and previously described H. nana (gb| AP017666.1). The phylogenetic analysis using the COX1 sequence places this hymenolepidid species of the order Cyclophyllidea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebtsam Al-Olayan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Elamin
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Alshehri
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Aloufi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Research Chair of Vaccines, Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab Alanazi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mina Almayouf
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamia Bakr
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Rewaida Abdel-Gaber
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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