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Hegyesi H, Sándor N, Sáfrány G, Lovas V, Kovács Á, Takács A, Kőhidai L, Turiák L, Kittel Á, Pálóczi K, Bertók L, Buzás EI. Radio-detoxified LPS alters bone marrow-derived extracellular vesicles and endothelial progenitor cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:313. [PMID: 31665090 PMCID: PMC6819448 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1417-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapies raise hope for cell replacement and provide opportunity for cardiac regenerative medicine and tumor therapy. Extracellular vesicles are a membrane-enclosed intercellular delivery system with the potential to improve the therapeutic efficacy of the treatment of a variety of disorders. As the incidence of breast cancer continues to rise, radiotherapy has emerged as a leading treatment modality. Radiotherapy also increases the risk of coronary heart disease and cardiac mortality. In a chest-irradiated mouse model of cardiac injury, we investigated the effects of local irradiation. We found an increased lethality after 16 Gy irradiation. Importantly, radio-detoxified LPS (RD-LPS) treatment prolonged the survival significantly. By flow cytometry, we demonstrated that upon administration of RD-LPS, the number of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells increased in the bone marrow and, in particular, in the circulation. Furthermore, mass spectrometry analysis showed that RD-LPS altered the proteomic composition of bone marrow cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). RD-LPS treatment increased interferon-induced transmembrane protein-3 (IFITM3) expression markedly both in bone marrow cells and in bone marrow cell-derived small extracellular vesicles. This is the first study to demonstrate that radio-detoxified LPS treatment induces an increase of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in parallel with a reduced radiotherapy-related mortality. While the total number of bone marrow-derived extracellular vesicles was significantly increased 24 h after treatment in the RD-LPS groups, the number of endothelial progenitor cells was reduced in animals injected with GW4896 (a chemical inhibitor of exosome biogenesis) as compared with controls. In contrast to these in vivo results, in vitro experiments did not support the effect of sEVs on EPCs. Our data raise the intriguing possibility that IFITM3 may serve as a marker of the radio-detoxified LPS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hargita Hegyesi
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. .,National Research Directorate for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Nikolett Sándor
- National Research Directorate for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Géza Sáfrány
- National Research Directorate for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Virág Lovas
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Árpád Kovács
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Angéla Takács
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Kőhidai
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lilla Turiák
- MS Proteomics Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Kittel
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Pálóczi
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lóránd Bertók
- National Research Directorate for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edit Irén Buzás
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-SE Immune-Proteogenomics Extracellular Vesicles Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Hu H, Doll DN, Sun J, Lewis SE, Wimsatt JH, Kessler MJ, Simpkins JW, Ren X. Mitochondrial Impairment in Cerebrovascular Endothelial Cells is Involved in the Correlation between Body Temperature and Stroke Severity. Aging Dis 2016; 7:14-27. [PMID: 26816660 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2015.0906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide. The prognostic influence of body temperature on acute stroke in patients has been recently reported; however, hypothermia has confounded experimental results in animal stroke models. This work aimed to investigate how body temperature could prognose stroke severity as well as reveal a possible mitochondrial mechanism in the association of body temperature and stroke severity. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) compromises mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in cerebrovascular endothelial cells (CVECs) and worsens murine experimental stroke. In this study, we report that LPS (0.1 mg/kg) exacerbates stroke infarction and neurological deficits, in the mean time LPS causes temporary hypothermia in the hyperacute stage during 6 hours post-stroke. Lower body temperature is associated with worse infarction and higher neurological deficit score in the LPS-stroke study. However, warming of the LPS-stroke mice compromises animal survival. Furthermore, a high dose of LPS (2 mg/kg) worsens neurological deficits, but causes persistent severe hypothermia that conceals the LPS exacerbation of stroke infarction. Mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I inhibitor, rotenone, replicates the data profile of the LPS-stroke study. Moreover, we have confirmed that rotenone compromises mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in CVECs. Lastly, the pooled data analyses of a large sample size (n=353) demonstrate that stroke mice have lower body temperature compared to sham mice within 6 hours post-surgery; the body temperature is significantly correlated with stroke outcomes; linear regression shows that lower body temperature is significantly associated with higher neurological scores and larger infarct volume. We conclude that post-stroke body temperature predicts stroke severity and mitochondrial impairment in CVECs plays a pivotal role in this hypothermic response. These novel findings suggest that body temperature is prognostic for stroke severity in experimental stroke animal models and may have translational significance for clinical stroke patients - targeting endothelial mitochondria may be a clinically useful approach for stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Hu
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology,; 2 Experimental Stroke Core, Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research
| | | | | | | | | | - Matthew J Kessler
- 4 Office of Laboratory Animal Resources, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26506 USA
| | - James W Simpkins
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology,; 2 Experimental Stroke Core, Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research
| | - Xuefang Ren
- 1 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology,; 2 Experimental Stroke Core, Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research
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Anti-inflammatory effect of gamma-irradiated genistein through inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophages. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 74:255-64. [PMID: 25447760 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Genistein was irradiated with γ-irradiation at doses of 0, 10, 30, 50, 100, and 150 kGy. We observed that the decrease in the genistein peak after gamma irradiation was concomitant with the appearance of several new peaks. 150 kGy gamma-irradiated genistein did not exert cytotoxicity in macrophages, and inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase-mediated nitric oxide production and pro-inflammatory cytokines level, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages. The treatment of LPS-stimulated macrophages with 150 kGy gamma-irradiated genistein resulted in a significant decrease in cyclooxygenase-2 levels, as well as the expression of cell surface molecules, such as CD80 and CD86. Furthermore, we also found that the anti-inflammatory action of 150 kGy gamma-irradiated genistein occurred through an inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinases (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase) and nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways based on a toll-like receptor 4 in macrophages, which may be speculated that several radiolysis products of genistein transformed by gamma-irradiation induce the inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators. From these findings, it seems likely that gamma-irradiated genistein could play a potent role in the treatment of inflammatory disease as a value-added product in the medical industry.
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Byun EB, Sung NY, Park JN, Yang MS, Park SH, Byun EH. Gamma-irradiated resveratrol negatively regulates LPS-induced MAPK and NF-κB signaling through TLR4 in macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 25:249-59. [PMID: 25701505 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol was irradiated at various doses of 15, 30, 50, and 70kGy for the development of physiological functionalities through modification of the structural properties. Gamma irradiation induced a decrease in the resveratrol peak, and the appearance of several new peaks by gamma irradiation was gradually increased up to 70kGy. Gamma-irradiated resveratrol did not exert cytotoxicity to macrophages in dose ranges from 15 to 70kGy; therefore, 70kGy gamma-irradiated resveratrol was used as the maximum dose throughout subsequent experiments. Treatment of LPS-stimulated macrophages with 70kGy gamma-irradiated resveratrol resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in iNOS-mediated NO, PGE2, and pro-inflammatory cytokine level, such as TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. 70kGy gamma-irradiated resveratrol significantly inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 levels, as well as the expression of cell surface molecules, such as CD80 and CD86, in LPS-induced macrophages. Furthermore, the inhibitory action of these pro-inflammatory mediators occurred through an inhibition of MAPKs (ERK1/2, p38 and JNK) and NF-κB signaling pathways based on a toll-like receptor 4 in macrophages, which may be closely mediated with the radiolysis products of resveratrol transformed by gamma-irradiation. From these findings, it seems likely that gamma irradiation can be an effective tool for a reduction of the toxicity and play a potent role in the treatment of inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eui-Baek Byun
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Nak-Yun Sung
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University, Yesan 340-800, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Nam Park
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-So Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Infection Signaling Network Research Center, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Park
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Hong Byun
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kongju National University, Yesan 340-800, Republic of Korea.
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Sung NY, Byun EB, Song DS, Jin YB, Park JN, Kim JK, Park JH, Song BS, Park SH, Lee JW, Kim JH. Anti-inflammatory action of γ-irradiated genistein in murine peritoneal macrophage. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2014.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sung NY, Byun EB, Song DS, Jin YB, Kim JK, Park JH, Song BS, Jung PM, Byun MW, Lee JW, Park SH, Kim JH. Effect of gamma irradiation on mistletoe (Viscum album) lectin-mediated toxicity and immunomodulatory activity. FEBS Open Bio 2013; 3:106-11. [PMID: 23847758 PMCID: PMC3668527 DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2013.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of gamma irradiation on the reduction of the toxicity of mistletoe lectin using both in vitro and in vivo models. To extract the lectin from mistletoe, an (NH4)2SO4 precipitation method was employed and the precipitant purified using a Sepharose 4B column to obtain the pure lectin fraction. Purified lectin was then gamma-irradiated at doses of 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 kGy, or heated at 100 °C for 30 min. Toxic effects of non-irradiated, irradiated, and heat-treated lectins were tested using hemagglutination assays, cytotoxicity assays, hepatotoxicity, and a mouse survival test and immunological response was tested using cytokine production activity. Hemagglutination of lectin was remarkably decreased (P < 0.05) by irradiation at doses exceeding 10 kGy and with heat treatment. However, lectin irradiated with 5 kGy maintained its hemagglutination activity. The cytotoxicity of lectin was decreased by irradiation at doses over 5 kGy and with heat treatment. In experiments using mouse model, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) levels were decreased in the group treated with the 5 kGy irradiated and heat-treated lectins as compared to the intact lectin, and it was also shown that 5 kGy irradiated and heat-treated lectins did not cause damage in liver tissue or mortality. In the result of immunological response, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-6) levels were significantly (P < 0.05) increased in the 5 kGy gamma-irradiated lectin treated group. These results indicate that 5 kGy irradiated lectin still maintained the immunological response with reduction of toxicity. Therefore, gamma-irradiation may be an effective method for reducing the toxicity of lectin maintaining the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nak-Yun Sung
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Baek Byun
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Du-Sup Song
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeung-Bae Jin
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Kyung Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Heum Park
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Seok Song
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil-Mun Jung
- KM-Based Herbal Drug Research group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Woo Byun
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Woosong University, Daejeon 300-718, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Woon Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Park
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hun Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 580-185, Republic of Korea
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Endotoxin elimination in sepsis: physiology and therapeutic application. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2010; 395:597-605. [DOI: 10.1007/s00423-010-0658-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2010] [Accepted: 06/07/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Rockwell CE, Morrison DC, Qureshi N. Lipid A-mediated tolerance and cancer therapy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2009; 667:81-99. [PMID: 20665202 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-1603-7_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The term "tolerance" from an immunological perspective, broadly encompasses a number of phenomena, but generally refers to a diminished responsiveness to LPS and/or other microbial products. With the discovery that many of the immunological, physiological and/or pathophysiological effects of LPS can be attributed to the lipid A moiety of the LPS molecule, a number of different lipid A analogs were synthesized with the goal of developing a drug that could be used clinically to treat cancer. In many instances, the development of tolerance to the lipid A congeners confounded the utility of these analogs as cancer therapeutics. In certain circumstances, however, the development of tolerance in patients has been utilized therapeutically to protect immunosuppressed patients from sepsis. Although numerous studies have been designed to investigate the development of tolerance, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. This may be due, in part, to differences in the experimental models used, the sources and types of microbes and microbial products studied, kinetics of responses, and/or other experimental conditions. Nonetheless, a number of different signaling pathways have been identified as potentially modulating and/or triggering the development of tolerance. Though complex and incompletely understood, the capacity of tolerance to impact lipid A-based therapeutics, either positively or negatively, is inarguable, thus underscoring the necessity for further investigation toward elucidating the mechanisms contributing to the development of tolerance to lipid A and its analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl E Rockwell
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Shock/Trauma Research Center, University of Missouri, 2411 Holmes Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
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Park SA, Song ES, Cho YJ, Ahn BY, Ha SH, Seong BL, Lee KH, Lee NG. Immune responses of mice to influenza subunit vaccine in combination with CIA07 as an adjuvant. Microbiol Immunol 2008; 51:1099-107. [PMID: 18037787 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2007.tb04005.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
CIA07 is an immunostimulatory agent composed of E. coli DNA fragments and modified LPS lacking the lipid A moiety. In this study, we investigated whether CIA07 promotes immune responses as an adjuvant to the influenza subunit vaccine. Balb/c mice were immunized intramuscularly once or twice at a 4-week interval with the trivalent influenza subunit vaccine antigen alone or in combination with CIA07 as adjuvant. Antigen-specific serum antibody titers and hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody titers were assessed. At 4 weeks after each immunization, the antigen-specific total serum IgG antibody titer in mice receiving CIA07 was 2 to 3 times higher than that in animals administered antigen alone (P<0.05). The CIA07-treated group additionally displayed higher HI antibody titers against each of the 3 vaccine strains, compared to the antigen group. Animals receiving antigen alone displayed barely detectable antigen-specific serum IgG2a antibody titers. In contrast, coadministration of CIA07 with antigen led to significantly enhanced IgG2a antibody responses, suggesting that CIA07 stimulates a Th1-type immune response. Moreover, the CIA07-treated group displayed a marked increase in the number of interferon gamma-producing CD8(+) T cells in splenocytes. These data collectively demonstrate that CIA07 has the ability to induce both Th1-type cellular and Th2-type humoral immune responses to the influenza subunit vaccine, and support its potential as an effective adjuvant to the influenza vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Ae Park
- Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Sejong University, Korea
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De Schepper S, De Ketelaere A, Bannerman DD, Paape MJ, Peelman L, Burvenich C. The toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) pathway and its possible role in the pathogenesis of Escherichia coli mastitis in dairy cattle. Vet Res 2007; 39:5. [PMID: 18073092 DOI: 10.1051/vetres:2007044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2006] [Accepted: 08/02/2007] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is one of the most costly production diseases in the dairy industry that is caused by a wide array of microorganisms. In this review, we focus on the Gram-negative Escherichia coli infections that often occur at periods when the innate immune defence mechanisms are impaired (i.e., parturition through the first 60 days of lactation). There is substantial evidence demonstrating that at these periods, the expected influx of polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes (PMN) into the mammary gland is delayed during inflammation after intramammary infection with E. coli. Here, we provide some hypotheses on the potential mechanisms of action on how the disease may develop under circumstances of immunosuppression, and describe the potential involvement of the toll-like receptor-4 signal transduction pathway in the pathogenesis of E. coli mastitis. In addition, some ideas are proposed to help prevent E. coli mastitis and potentially other diseases caused by Gram-negative infections in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie De Schepper
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
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Moezi L, Shafaroodi H, Sarkar S, Emami-Razavi SH, Sanatkar M, Mirazi N, Dehpour AR. Involvement of nitrergic and opioidergic systems in the hypothermia induced by cholestasis in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 13:227-32. [PMID: 16963238 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2006.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2005] [Revised: 08/02/2006] [Accepted: 08/02/2006] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Cholestatic animals display abnormal hypothalamic responses to pyrogenic stimuli and decreased febrile response to lipopolysaccharide. The present study was undertaken to determine if obstructive cholestasis was associated with abnormal thermoregulation under thermoneutral conditions. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-250g were randomly divided into 21 groups. Three sets of seven groups were unoperated control, sham-operated and bile duct-ligated rats. The groups of unoperated control, sham-operated and bile duct-ligated rats were treated with daily administration of isotonic saline solution, N(omega)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) (3, 10, or 20mg/kg), naltrexone (10 or 20mg/kg) or aminoguanidine (150mg/kg). Body temperatures were measured before and 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after the surgery. RESULTS Bile duct-ligated rats had lower body temperature than sham-operated animals at 3 (P<0.001) and 5 (P<0.01) days after surgery. l-NAME, a non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) (10, 20mg/kg, i.p.) or aminoguanidine, a selective iNOS inhibitor (150mg/kg, i.p.), completely reversed this hypothermia (P>0.05). Naltrexone, a non-selective opioid antagonist (20mg/kg, i.p.), also completely corrected this hypothermia (P>0.05). There was a drop in temperature in the first day after the surgery in sham and BDL groups compared to unoperated controls, which was significant in some groups demonstrating the effect of surgery and anesthetic drugs on the body temperature. CONCLUSIONS Cholestatic rats show impaired thermoregulation suggesting the involvement of nitrergic and opioidergic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Moezi
- Basic Sciences Research Centre, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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