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Bombardi C, Grandis A, Pivac N, Sagud M, Lucas G, Chagraoui A, Lemaire-Mayo V, De Deurwaerdère P, Di Giovanni G. Serotonin modulation of hippocampal functions: From anatomy to neurotherapeutics. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2021; 261:83-158. [PMID: 33785139 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The hippocampal region receives a dense serotoninergic innervation originating from both medial and dorsal raphe nuclei. This innervation regulates hippocampal activity through the activation of distinct receptor families that are expressed in excitatory and inhibitory neurons, terminals of several afferent neurotransmitter systems, and glial cells. Preclinical and clinical studies indicate that hippocampal dysfunctions are involved in learning and memory deficits, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy and mood disorders such as anxiety, depression and post-traumatic syndrome disorder, whereas the hippocampus participates also in the therapeutic mechanisms of numerous medicines. Not surprisingly, several drugs acting via 5-HT mechanisms are efficacious to some extent in some diseases and the link between 5-HT and the hippocampus although clear remains difficult to untangle. For this reason, we review reported data concerning the distribution and the functional roles of the 5-HT receptors in the hippocampal region in health and disease. The impact of the 5-HT systems on the hippocampal function is such that the research of new 5-HT mechanisms and drugs is still very active. It concerns notably drugs acting at the 5-HT1A,2A,2C,4,6 receptor subtypes, in addition to the already existing drugs including the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Bombardi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Grandis
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nela Pivac
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudier Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Sagud
- Clinical Hospital Center Zagreb and School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Guillaume Lucas
- Neurocentre Magendie, INSERM 1215, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Abdeslam Chagraoui
- Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine of Normandy (IRIB), Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1239, Rouen, France; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Valérie Lemaire-Mayo
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Neurosciences Intégratives et Cognitives d'Aquitaine, UMR 5287, Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe De Deurwaerdère
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Neurosciences Intégratives et Cognitives d'Aquitaine, UMR 5287, Bordeaux, France
| | - Giuseppe Di Giovanni
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta; Neuroscience Division, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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De Deurwaerdère P, Bharatiya R, Chagraoui A, Di Giovanni G. Constitutive activity of 5-HT receptors: Factual analysis. Neuropharmacology 2020; 168:107967. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.107967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Radhakrishnan R, Matuskey D, Nabulsi N, Gaiser E, Gallezot JD, Henry S, Planeta B, Lin SF, Ropchan J, Huang Y, Carson RE, D'Souza DC. In vivo 5-HT 6 and 5-HT 2A receptor availability in antipsychotic treated schizophrenia patients vs. unmedicated healthy humans measured with [ 11C]GSK215083 PET. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2020; 295:111007. [PMID: 31760336 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.111007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
While 5-HT6 receptor is a potential therapeutic target for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia (SCZ), in vivo 5-HT6 receptor availability following antipsychotic treatment has not been examined to-date. We examined the availability of 5-HT6 and 5-HT2A receptors following treatment with olanzapine, risperidone, aripiprazole and quetiapine in male patients with SCZ vs unmedicated age-matched healthy male controls (HC) using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with [11C]GSK215083. [11C]GSK215083 has been shown to have selectivity for 5-HT6 in the striatum and 5-HT2A in the cortex. Patients with SCZ (n = 9) were scanned with [11C]GSK215083 on HR+ PET scanner at presumed steady-state trough and peak serum levels following 7 days of confirmed inpatient antipsychotic treatment. Time-activity curves in regions-of-interest were fitted with multilinear analysis-1 (MA1). Regional nondisplaceable binding potential (BPND) values were calculated using cerebellum as the reference region and corrected for partial volume effects. Compared to HCs (n = 9), olanzapine was associated with significantly lower BPND (range: 53%-95%) in ventral striatum, putamen, caudate and frontal cortex at both trough and peak scans. Risperidone was associated with significantly lower BPND in frontal cortex at both trough and peak scans. The study provides preliminary evidence that treatment with different second-generation antipsychotics results in differing profiles of 5-HT2A and 5-HT6 availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Radhakrishnan
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George St., New Haven, CT 06520, United States.
| | - David Matuskey
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George St., New Haven, CT 06520, United States; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Nabeel Nabulsi
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Edward Gaiser
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George St., New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Jean-Dominique Gallezot
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Shannan Henry
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Beata Planeta
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Shu-Fei Lin
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jim Ropchan
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Yiyun Huang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Richard E Carson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Deepak Cyril D'Souza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George St., New Haven, CT 06520, United States
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Hashemi-Firouzi N, Shahidi S, Soleimani-Asl S, Komaki A. 5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor 6 antagonist, SB258585 exerts neuroprotection in a rat model of Streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer's disease. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:1243-1253. [PMID: 29667108 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0228-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive memory decline. It has been suggested that 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6 (5-HT6R) might be involved in AD pathology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a 5-HT6R antagonist on cognition, learning, memory, and hippocampal apoptosis in an experimental rat model of AD. AD was induced by intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of streptozotocin (STZ; 3 mg/kg, 10 μL, twice). Adult, male rats were divided into the following groups: control, sham, AD (saline treatment, 1 μL icv for 30 days), and AD + SB258585 (5-HT6R antagonist, 1 μg/μL icv for 30 days). Following the treatment period, novel object recognition (NOR) and passive avoidance learning (PAL) tests were conducted to measure cognition, as well as learning and memory, respectively. TUNEL staining was used to evaluate apoptosis in the hippocampus. This study demonstrates that icv STZ injections induce apoptosis in hippocampal cells, decrease the NOR discrimination index, increase the number of trials needed to reach acquisition and the time spent in the dark compartment during PAL, as compared with sham and control groups. Subsequent administration of SB258585 in the STZ treated rats increased the NOR discrimination index, decreased the number of trials till acquisition and the time spent in the dark compartment during PAL, while decreasing neuronal apoptosis, as compared to the untreated AD group. Thus, we conclude that long-term administration of the 5-HT6R antagonist SB258585, ameliorates AD-associated cognitive and behavioral impairments through the suppression of apoptosis in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siamak Shahidi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciencese, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Sara Soleimani-Asl
- Anatomy Department, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciencese, Hamadan, Iran
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Radhakrishnan R, Nabulsi N, Gaiser E, Gallezot JD, Henry S, Planeta B, Lin SF, Ropchan J, Williams W, Morris E, D'Souza DC, Huang Y, Carson RE, Matuskey D. Age-Related Change in 5-HT 6 Receptor Availability in Healthy Male Volunteers Measured with 11C-GSK215083 PET. J Nucl Med 2018; 59:1445-1450. [PMID: 29626125 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.117.206516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Serotonin receptor 6 (5-hydroxytrypamine-6, or 5-HT6) is a potential therapeutic target given its distribution in brain regions that are important in depression, anxiety, and cognition. This study sought to investigate the effects of age on 5-HT6 receptor availability using 11C-GSK215083, a PET ligand with affinity for 5-HT6 in the striatum and 5-HT2A in the cortex. Methods: Twenty-eight healthy male volunteers (age range, 23-52 y) were scanned with 11C-GSK215083 PET. Time-activity curves in regions of interest were fitted using a multilinear analysis method. Nondisplaceable binding potential (BPND) was calculated using the cerebellum as the reference region and corrected for partial-volume effects. Results: In 5-HT6-rich areas, regional 11C-GSK215083 showed a negative correlation between BPND and age in the caudate (r = -0.41, P = 0.03) (14% change per decade) and putamen (r = -0.30, P = 0.04) (11% change per decade) but not in the ventral striatum or pallidum. A negative correlation with age was also seen in cortical regions (r = -0.41, P = 0.03) (7% change per decade), consistent with the literature on 5-HT2A availability. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this was the first in vivo study on humans to examine the effect of age on 5-HT6 receptor availability. The study demonstrated a significant age-related decline in 5-HT6 availability (BPND) in the caudate and putamen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Radhakrishnan
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Nabeel Nabulsi
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Edward Gaiser
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jean-Dominique Gallezot
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Shannan Henry
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Beata Planeta
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Shu-Fei Lin
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Jim Ropchan
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Wendol Williams
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Evan Morris
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Deepak Cyril D'Souza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yiyun Huang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Richard E Carson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - David Matuskey
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut .,Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
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6
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Wicke K, Haupt A, Bespalov A. Investigational drugs targeting 5-HT6 receptors for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2015; 24:1515-28. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2015.1102884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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7
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Borsini F, Bordi F, Poggi A, Di Matteo V. Effects of ST1936, a selective serotonin-6 agonist, on electrical activity of putative mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons in the rat brain. J Psychopharmacol 2015; 29:802-11. [PMID: 25735994 DOI: 10.1177/0269881115573804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The serotonin-6 (5-HT6) receptor is the most recently discovered serotonin receptor, and it represents an increasingly promising target for improving cognition in both normal and disease states. Recently, a new selective 5-HT6 receptor agonist, 2-(5 chloro-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-N,N-dimethylethanamine (ST1936), with nanomolar affinity for 5-HT6 receptors was described. We performed in-vivo electrophysiological studies to investigate the physiological role of 5-HT6 receptors in the control of the function of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and ventral tegmental area (VTA). Extracellular single-unit recordings were performed from putative dopamine-containing neurons in the SNc and VTA of anesthetised rats. In the SNc, acute systemic administration of ST1936 had no effects on basal firing activity of these dopamine neurons; however, in the VTA, ST1936 induced either dose-related increases (45% of cells) or decreases in basal activity of these dopaminergic neurons. Local application of ST1936 into the VTA caused excitation in all of the dopamine neurons, but had no effects on non-dopamine VTA neurons. Both effects of systemic and microiontophoretic ST1936 were completely reversed by the potent and selective 5-HT6 receptor antagonist 5-chloro-N-(4-methoxy-3-piperazin-1-ylphenyl)-3-methyl-2- benzothiophene-sulfonamide (SB271046). Systemic application of another 5-HT6 agonist, 2-(1-{6-chloroimidazo[2,1-b] [1,3]thiazole-5-sulfonyl}-1H-indol-3-yl)ethan-1-amine (WAY-181187), induced dose-dependent inhibition of these VTA dopaminergic neurons. ST1936 and WAY-181187 appear to have different effects on these VTA dopaminergic neurons, potentially due to different mechanisms of action or to the complexity of 5-HT6 receptor functions. Our data demonstrate the need for further investigations into the use of 5-HT6 receptor agonists to control cognitive disfunction, such as in schizophrenia and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Borsini
- Sigma-Tau Industrie Farmaceutiche Riunite SpA, Pomezia, Roma, Italy
| | - Fabio Bordi
- Sigma-Tau Industrie Farmaceutiche Riunite SpA, Pomezia, Roma, Italy
| | - Andreina Poggi
- Fondazione 'Mario Negri' Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro, Chieti, Italy
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Thur KE, Nelson AJD, Cassaday HJ. Ro 04-6790-induced cognitive enhancement: no effect in trace conditioning and novel object recognition procedures in adult male Wistar rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2014; 127:42-8. [PMID: 25450117 PMCID: PMC4258611 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The evidence for cognitively enhancing effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine6 (5-HT6) receptor antagonists such as Ro 04-6790 is inconsistent and seems to depend on the behavioral test variant in use. Trace conditioning holds promise as a behavioral assay for hippocampus-dependent working memory function. Accordingly, Experiment 1 assessed the effect of Ro 04-6790 (5 and 10mg/kg i.p.) on associating a noise conditioned stimulus paired with foot shock (unconditioned stimulus) at a 3 or 30s trace interval in adult male Wistar rats. Contextual conditioning was measured as suppression to the contextual cues provided by the experimental chambers and as suppression to a temporally extended light background stimulus which provided an experimental context. Experiment 2 assessed the effect of Ro 04-6790 (5 and 10mg/kg i.p.) on recognition memory as tested by the exploration of novel relative to familiar objects in an open arena. In Experiment 1, Ro 04-6790 (5 and 10mg/kg) was without effect on trace and contextual conditioning. In Experiment 2, there was no indication of the expected improvement under Ro 04-6790 at the same doses previously found to enhance recognition memory as measured in tests of novel object exploration. Thus, there was no evidence that treatment with the 5-HT6 receptor antagonist Ro 04-6790 acted as a cognitive enhancer in either trace conditioning or object recognition procedures. We cannot exclude the possibility that the experimental procedures used in the present study would have been sensitive to the cognitive enhancing effects of Ro 04-6790 in a different dose range, behavioral test variant, or in a different strain of rat. Nonetheless the drug treatment was not ineffective in that object exploration was reduced under 10mg/kg Ro 04-6790.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Thur
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - A J D Nelson
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - H J Cassaday
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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Becker G, Colomb J, Sgambato-Faure V, Tremblay L, Billard T, Zimmer L. Preclinical evaluation of [18F]2FNQ1P as the first fluorinated serotonin 5-HT6 radioligand for PET imaging. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2014; 42:495-502. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-014-2936-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Benhamú B, Martín-Fontecha M, Vázquez-Villa H, Pardo L, López-Rodríguez ML. Serotonin 5-HT6 Receptor Antagonists for the Treatment of Cognitive Deficiency in Alzheimer’s Disease. J Med Chem 2014; 57:7160-81. [DOI: 10.1021/jm5003952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bellinda Benhamú
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mar Martín-Fontecha
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Henar Vázquez-Villa
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonardo Pardo
- Laboratori
de Medicina Computacional, Unitat de Bioestadística, Facultat
de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María L. López-Rodríguez
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
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Ivachtchenko AV. Sulfonyl-containing modulators of serotonin 5-HT6receptors and their pharmacophore models. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2014. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2014v083n05abeh004371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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de Foubert G, Khundakar AA, Zetterström TS. Effects of repeated 5-HT6 receptor stimulation on BDNF gene expression and cell survival. Neurosci Lett 2013; 553:211-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Mattsson C, Svensson P, Boettcher H, Sonesson C. Structure–activity relationship of 5-chloro-2-methyl-3-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole analogues as 5-HT6 receptor agonists. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 63:578-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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14
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Ivachtchenko AV, Ivanenkov YA. 5HT(6) receptor antagonists: a patent update. Part 1. Sulfonyl derivatives. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2012; 22:917-64. [PMID: 22816965 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2012.709236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Among a variety of proteins included in a relatively wide GPCR family, serotonin 5HT receptors (5HT(6)Rs) are highly attractive as important biological targets with enormous clinical importance. Among this subclass, 5HT(6)R is the most recently discovered group. Available biological data clearly indicate that 5HT(6)R antagonists can be used as effective regulators in a variety of contexts, including memory formation, age-related cognitive impairments and memory deficits associated with conditions such as schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, this receptor has already attracted a considerable attention within the scientific community, due to its versatile therapeutic potential. AREAS COVERED The current paper is an update to the comprehensive review article published previously in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents (see issue 20(7), 2010). Here, the main focus is on small-molecule compounds - 5HT(6) antagonists - which have been described in recent patent literature, since the end of 2009. To obtain a clear understanding of the situation and dynamic within the field of 5HT(6) ligands, having an obvious pharmaceutical potential in terms of related patents, a comprehensive search through several key patent collections have been provided. The authors describe the reported chemical classes and scaffolds in sufficient detail to provide a valuable insight in the 5HT(6)R chemistry and pharmacology. The review consists of two core parts with separate sections arranged in accordance with the main structural features of 5HT(6)R ligands. EXPERT OPINION Recent progress in the understanding of the 5HT(6) receptor function and structure includes a suggested constitutive activity for the receptor, development of a number of multimodal small molecule ligands and re-classification of many selective antagonists as pseudo-selective agents. Heterocycles with sulfonyl group and without any basic center provide sufficient supramolecular interactions and show high antagonistic activity against 5HT(6)R.
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Scheggi S, Marchese G, Borsini F, Bordi F, De Montis MG. Effects of the 5-HT6 receptor agonist ST 1936 on depression- and anhedonia-like experimental models. Behav Brain Res 2011; 224:35-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Revised: 05/20/2011] [Accepted: 05/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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van Loevezijn A, Venhorst J, Iwema Bakker WI, de Korte CG, de Looff W, Verhoog S, van Wees JW, van Hoeve M, van de Woestijne RP, van der Neut MAW, Borst AJM, van Dongen MJP, de Bruin NMWJ, Keizer HG, Kruse CG. N′-(Arylsulfonyl)pyrazoline-1-carboxamidines as Novel, Neutral 5-Hydroxytryptamine 6 Receptor (5-HT6R) Antagonists with Unique Structural Features. J Med Chem 2011; 54:7030-54. [DOI: 10.1021/jm200466r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnold van Loevezijn
- Abbott Healthcare Products B.V. (formerly Solvay Pharmaceuticals B.V.), C. J. van Houtenlaan 36, 1381 CP Weesp, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer Venhorst
- Abbott Healthcare Products B.V. (formerly Solvay Pharmaceuticals B.V.), C. J. van Houtenlaan 36, 1381 CP Weesp, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter I. Iwema Bakker
- Abbott Healthcare Products B.V. (formerly Solvay Pharmaceuticals B.V.), C. J. van Houtenlaan 36, 1381 CP Weesp, The Netherlands
| | - Cor G. de Korte
- Abbott Healthcare Products B.V. (formerly Solvay Pharmaceuticals B.V.), C. J. van Houtenlaan 36, 1381 CP Weesp, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter de Looff
- Abbott Healthcare Products B.V. (formerly Solvay Pharmaceuticals B.V.), C. J. van Houtenlaan 36, 1381 CP Weesp, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Verhoog
- Abbott Healthcare Products B.V. (formerly Solvay Pharmaceuticals B.V.), C. J. van Houtenlaan 36, 1381 CP Weesp, The Netherlands
| | - Jan-Willem van Wees
- Abbott Healthcare Products B.V. (formerly Solvay Pharmaceuticals B.V.), C. J. van Houtenlaan 36, 1381 CP Weesp, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn van Hoeve
- Abbott Healthcare Products B.V. (formerly Solvay Pharmaceuticals B.V.), C. J. van Houtenlaan 36, 1381 CP Weesp, The Netherlands
| | - Rob P. van de Woestijne
- Abbott Healthcare Products B.V. (formerly Solvay Pharmaceuticals B.V.), C. J. van Houtenlaan 36, 1381 CP Weesp, The Netherlands
| | - Martina A. W. van der Neut
- Abbott Healthcare Products B.V. (formerly Solvay Pharmaceuticals B.V.), C. J. van Houtenlaan 36, 1381 CP Weesp, The Netherlands
| | - Alice J. M. Borst
- Abbott Healthcare Products B.V. (formerly Solvay Pharmaceuticals B.V.), C. J. van Houtenlaan 36, 1381 CP Weesp, The Netherlands
| | - Maria J. P. van Dongen
- Abbott Healthcare Products B.V. (formerly Solvay Pharmaceuticals B.V.), C. J. van Houtenlaan 36, 1381 CP Weesp, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja M. W. J. de Bruin
- Abbott Healthcare Products B.V. (formerly Solvay Pharmaceuticals B.V.), C. J. van Houtenlaan 36, 1381 CP Weesp, The Netherlands
| | - Hiskias G. Keizer
- Abbott Healthcare Products B.V. (formerly Solvay Pharmaceuticals B.V.), C. J. van Houtenlaan 36, 1381 CP Weesp, The Netherlands
| | - Chris G. Kruse
- Abbott Healthcare Products B.V. (formerly Solvay Pharmaceuticals B.V.), C. J. van Houtenlaan 36, 1381 CP Weesp, The Netherlands
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Tassone A, Madeo G, Schirinzi T, Vita D, Puglisi F, Ponterio G, Borsini F, Pisani A, Bonsi P. Activation of 5-HT6 receptors inhibits corticostriatal glutamatergic transmission. Neuropharmacology 2011; 61:632-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2010] [Revised: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 05/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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