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Yadav DK, Srivastava GP, Singh A, Singh M, Yadav N, Tuteja N. Proteome-wide analysis reveals G protein-coupled receptor-like proteins in rice ( Oryza sativa). PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2024; 19:2365572. [PMID: 38904257 PMCID: PMC11195488 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2365572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest family of transmembrane proteins in metazoans that mediate the regulation of various physiological responses to discrete ligands through heterotrimeric G protein subunits. The existence of GPCRs in plant is contentious, but their comparable crucial role in various signaling pathways necessitates the identification of novel remote GPCR-like proteins that essentially interact with the plant G protein α subunit and facilitate the transduction of various stimuli. In this study, we identified three putative GPCR-like proteins (OsGPCRLPs) (LOC_Os06g09930.1, LOC_Os04g36630.1, and LOC_Os01g54784.1) in the rice proteome using a stringent bioinformatics workflow. The identified OsGPCRLPs exhibited a canonical GPCR 'type I' 7TM topology, patterns, and biologically significant sites for membrane anchorage and desensitization. Cluster-based interactome mapping revealed that the identified proteins interact with the G protein α subunit which is a characteristic feature of GPCRs. Computational results showing the interaction of identified GPCR-like proteins with G protein α subunit and its further validation by the membrane yeast-two-hybrid assay strongly suggest the presence of GPCR-like 7TM proteins in the rice proteome. The absence of a regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) box in the C- terminal domain, and the presence of signature motifs of canonical GPCR in the identified OsGPCRLPs strongly suggest that the rice proteome contains GPCR-like proteins that might be involved in signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh K. Yadav
- Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Gyan Prakash Srivastava
- Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Ananya Singh
- Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Madhavi Singh
- Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Neelam Yadav
- Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Narendra Tuteja
- Plant Molecular Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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2
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Cantos CF, dePamphilis CW, Assmann SM. Extra-large G proteins have extra-large effects on agronomic traits and stress tolerance in maize and rice. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:1033-1044. [PMID: 37156701 PMCID: PMC10524845 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Heterotrimeric G proteins - comprising Gα, Gβ, and Gγ subunits - are ubiquitous elements in eukaryotic cell signaling. Plant genomes contain both canonical Gα subunit genes and a family of plant-specific extra-large G protein genes (XLGs) that encode proteins consisting of a domain with Gα-like features downstream of a long N-terminal domain. In this review we summarize phenotypes modulated by the canonical Gα and XLG proteins of arabidopsis and highlight recent studies in maize and rice that reveal dramatic phenotypic consequences of XLG clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) mutagenesis in these important crop species. XLGs have both redundant and specific roles in the control of agronomically relevant plant architecture and resistance to both abiotic and biotic stresses. We also point out areas of current controversy, suggest future research directions, and propose a revised, phylogenetically-based nomenclature for XLG protein genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian F Cantos
- Biology Department, Penn State University, University Park, State College, PA, USA; Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Plant Biology, Penn State University, University Park, State College, PA, USA
| | - Claude W dePamphilis
- Biology Department, Penn State University, University Park, State College, PA, USA; Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Plant Biology, Penn State University, University Park, State College, PA, USA
| | - Sarah M Assmann
- Biology Department, Penn State University, University Park, State College, PA, USA; Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Plant Biology, Penn State University, University Park, State College, PA, USA.
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3
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Williams WR. Phytohormones: structural and functional relationship to purine nucleotides and some pharmacologic agents. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1837544. [PMID: 33100143 PMCID: PMC7781725 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1837544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Structural components of second messenger signaling (nucleotides and associated enzyme systems) within plant and animal cells have more in common than the hormones that initiate metabolic and functional changes. Neurotransmitters and hormones of mammalian pharmacologic classes relate to purine nucleotides in respect of chemical structure and the molecular changes they initiate. This study compares the molecular structures of purine nucleotides with compounds from the abscisic acid, auxin, brassinosteroid, cytokinin, gibberellin, and jasmonate classes by means of a computational program. The results illustrate how phytohomones relate to each other through the structures of nucleotides and cyclic nucleotides. Molecular similarity within the phytohormone structures relates to synergism, antagonism and the modulation of nucleotide function that regulates germination and plant development. As with the molecular evolution of mammalian hormones, cell signaling and cross-talk within the phytohormone classes is purine nucleotide centered.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Robert Williams
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Education, University of South Wales, Cardiff, UK
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4
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Adem GD, Chen G, Shabala L, Chen ZH, Shabala S. GORK Channel: A Master Switch of Plant Metabolism? TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 25:434-445. [PMID: 31964604 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2019.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Potassium regulates a plethora of metabolic and developmental response in plants, and upon exposure to biotic and abiotic stresses a substantial K+ loss occurs from plant cells. The outward-rectifying potassium efflux GORK channels are central to this stress-induced K+ loss from the cytosol. In the mammalian systems, signaling molecules such as gamma-aminobutyric acid, G-proteins, ATP, inositol, and protein phosphatases were shown to operate as ligands controlling many K+ efflux channels. Here we present the evidence that the same molecules may also regulate GORK channels in plants. This mechanism enables operation of the GORK channels as a master switch of the cell metabolism, thus adjusting intracellular K+ homeostasis to altered environmental conditions, to maximize plant adaptive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getnet D Adem
- Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Guang Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Centre for Grain Industry, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lana Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia; International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China.
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5
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Roy Choudhury S, Li M, Lee V, Nandety RS, Mysore KS, Pandey S. Flexible functional interactions between G-protein subunits contribute to the specificity of plant responses. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 102:207-221. [PMID: 32034949 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Plants being sessile integrate information from a variety of endogenous and external cues simultaneously to optimize growth and development. This necessitates the signaling networks in plants to be highly dynamic and flexible. One such network involves heterotrimeric G-proteins comprised of Gα, Gβ, and Gγ subunits, which influence many aspects of growth, development, and stress response pathways. In plants such as Arabidopsis, a relatively simple repertoire of G-proteins comprised of one canonical and three extra-large Gα, one Gβ and three Gγ subunits exists. Because the Gβ and Gγ proteins form obligate dimers, the phenotypes of plants lacking the sole Gβ or all Gγ genes are similar, as expected. However, Gα proteins can exist either as monomers or in a complex with Gβγ, and the details of combinatorial genetic and physiological interactions of different Gα proteins with the sole Gβ remain unexplored. To evaluate such flexible, signal-dependent interactions and their contribution toward eliciting a specific response, we have generated Arabidopsis mutants lacking specific combinations of Gα and Gβ genes, performed extensive phenotypic analysis, and evaluated the results in the context of subunit usage and interaction specificity. Our data show that multiple mechanistic modes, and in some cases complex epistatic relationships, exist depending on the signal-dependent interactions between the Gα and Gβ proteins. This suggests that, despite their limited numbers, the inherent flexibility of plant G-protein networks provides for the adaptability needed to survive under continuously changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mao Li
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | - Veronica Lee
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | | | | | - Sona Pandey
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, 63132, USA
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6
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Biswas S, Islam MN, Sarker S, Tuteja N, Seraj ZI. Overexpression of heterotrimeric G protein beta subunit gene (OsRGB1) confers both heat and salinity stress tolerance in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 144:334-344. [PMID: 31622936 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Constitutive overexpression of the rice heterotrimeric G protein beta subunit gene (RGB1) in the commercial rice cultivar BRRI Dhan 55 resulted in improved tolerance to heat or salinity or their combination. Two independently in planta transformed plants with the gene confirmed to be integrated at T2 by Southern hybridization and showing high expression at the T3 seedling stage showed better physiological performance after 8 days in 120 mM salt stress than the wild type. The plants had significantly lower electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde production, while showing higher levels of chlorophyll. Significantly higher germination at 48 °C or with combined stresses of 42/40 °C day/night stress in the presence of 120 mM salt for 2 days was also observed. Stress responsive genes such as OsAPX1, OsSOD, OsHKT1, OsHSP1, OsHSP2 and OsCOR47 showed higher expression in the RGB1 positive plants. These RGB1 transgenic plants can likely provide a strong defense against climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Biswas
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nazrul Islam
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh; National Institute of Biotechnology, Ganakbari, Ashulia, Savar, Bangladesh
| | - Sarah Sarker
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh; National Institute of Biotechnology, Ganakbari, Ashulia, Savar, Bangladesh
| | - Narendra Tuteja
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Zeba I Seraj
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
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7
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Salzano AM, Renzone G, Sobolev AP, Carbone V, Petriccione M, Capitani D, Vitale M, Novi G, Zambrano N, Pasquariello MS, Mannina L, Scaloni A. Unveiling Kiwifruit Metabolite and Protein Changes in the Course of Postharvest Cold Storage. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:71. [PMID: 30778366 PMCID: PMC6369206 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Actinidia deliciosa cv. Hayward fruit is renowned for its micro- and macronutrients, which vary in their levels during berry physiological development and postharvest processing. In this context, we have recently described metabolic pathways/molecular effectors in fruit outer endocarp characterizing the different stages of berry physiological maturation. Here, we report on the kiwifruit postharvest phase through an integrated approach consisting of pomological analysis combined with NMR/LC-UV/ESI-IT-MSn- and 2D-DIGE/nanoLC-ESI-LIT-MS/MS-based proteometabolomic measurements. Kiwifruit samples stored under conventional, cold-based postharvest conditions not involving the use of dedicated chemicals were sampled at four stages (from fruit harvest to pre-commercialization) and analyzed in comparison for pomological features, and outer endocarp metabolite and protein content. About 42 metabolites were quantified, together with corresponding proteomic changes. Proteomics showed that proteins associated with disease/defense, energy, protein destination/storage, cell structure and metabolism functions were affected at precise fruit postharvest times, providing a justification to corresponding pomological/metabolite content characteristics. Bioinformatic analysis of variably represented proteins revealed a central network of interacting species, modulating metabolite level variations during postharvest fruit storage. Kiwifruit allergens were also quantified, demonstrating in some cases their highest levels at the fruit pre-commercialization stage. By lining up kiwifruit postharvest processing to a proteometabolomic depiction, this study integrates previous observations on metabolite and protein content in postharvest berries treated with specific chemical additives, and provides a reference framework for further studies on the optimization of fruit storage before its commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Salzano
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Istituto per il Sistema Produzione Animale In Ambiente Mediterraneo, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Renzone
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Istituto per il Sistema Produzione Animale In Ambiente Mediterraneo, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Anatoly P. Sobolev
- Magnetic Resonance Laboratory “Annalaura Segre”, Institute of Chemical Methodologies, National Research Council, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Virginia Carbone
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Avellino, Italy
| | - Milena Petriccione
- Centro di Ricerca per Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Caserta, Italy
| | - Donatella Capitani
- Magnetic Resonance Laboratory “Annalaura Segre”, Institute of Chemical Methodologies, National Research Council, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Monica Vitale
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Istituto per il Sistema Produzione Animale In Ambiente Mediterraneo, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Novi
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Istituto per il Sistema Produzione Animale In Ambiente Mediterraneo, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Zambrano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate S. C. a R. L., Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Silvia Pasquariello
- Centro di Ricerca per Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Caserta, Italy
| | - Luisa Mannina
- Magnetic Resonance Laboratory “Annalaura Segre”, Institute of Chemical Methodologies, National Research Council, Monterotondo, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Istituto per il Sistema Produzione Animale In Ambiente Mediterraneo, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Andrea Scaloni,
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8
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Pandey S, Vijayakumar A. Emerging themes in heterotrimeric G-protein signaling in plants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 270:292-300. [PMID: 29576082 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Heterotrimeric G-proteins are key signaling components involved during the regulation of a multitude of growth and developmental pathways in all eukaryotes. Although the core proteins (Gα, Gβ, Gγ subunits) and their basic biochemistries are conserved between plants and non-plant systems, seemingly different inherent properties of specific components, altered wirings of G-protein network architectures, and the presence of novel receptors and effector proteins make plant G-protein signaling mechanisms somewhat distinct from the well-established animal paradigm. G-protein research in plants is getting a lot of attention recently due to the emerging roles of these proteins in controlling many agronomically important traits. New findings on both canonical and novel G-protein components and their conserved and unique signaling mechanisms are expected to improve our understanding of this important module in affecting critical plant growth and development pathways and eventually their utilization to produce plants for the future needs. In this review, we briefly summarize what is currently known in plant G-protein research, describe new findings and how they are changing our perceptions of the field, and discuss important issues that still need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sona Pandey
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 N. Warson Road, St. Louis, MO, 63132, USA.
| | - Anitha Vijayakumar
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 N. Warson Road, St. Louis, MO, 63132, USA
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9
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Salzano AM, Sobolev A, Carbone V, Petriccione M, Renzone G, Capitani D, Vitale M, Minasi P, Pasquariello MS, Novi G, Zambrano N, Scortichini M, Mannina L, Scaloni A. A proteometabolomic study of Actinidia deliciosa fruit development. J Proteomics 2017; 172:11-24. [PMID: 29133123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Salzano
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, 80147 Naples, Italy
| | - Anatoly Sobolev
- Magnetic Resonance Laboratory "Annalaura Segre", Institute of Chemical Methodologies, National Research Council, 00015, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Virginia Carbone
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Milena Petriccione
- Centro di Ricerca per Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Giovanni Renzone
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, 80147 Naples, Italy
| | - Donatella Capitani
- Magnetic Resonance Laboratory "Annalaura Segre", Institute of Chemical Methodologies, National Research Council, 00015, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Vitale
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, 80147 Naples, Italy; Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Minasi
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Maria Silvia Pasquariello
- Centro di Ricerca per Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Novi
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, 80147 Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Zambrano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy; CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Scortichini
- Centro di Ricerca per Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Luisa Mannina
- Magnetic Resonance Laboratory "Annalaura Segre", Institute of Chemical Methodologies, National Research Council, 00015, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, 80147 Naples, Italy.
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10
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Hackenberg D, McKain MR, Lee SG, Roy Choudhury S, McCann T, Schreier S, Harkess A, Pires JC, Wong GKS, Jez JM, Kellogg EA, Pandey S. Gα and regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) protein pairs maintain functional compatibility and conserved interaction interfaces throughout evolution despite frequent loss of RGS proteins in plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 216:562-575. [PMID: 27634188 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Signaling pathways regulated by heterotrimeric G-proteins exist in all eukaryotes. The regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) proteins are key interactors and critical modulators of the Gα protein of the heterotrimer. However, while G-proteins are widespread in plants, RGS proteins have been reported to be missing from the entire monocot lineage, with two exceptions. A single amino acid substitution-based adaptive coevolution of the Gα:RGS proteins was proposed to enable the loss of RGS in monocots. We used a combination of evolutionary and biochemical analyses and homology modeling of the Gα and RGS proteins to address their expansion and its potential effects on the G-protein cycle in plants. Our results show that RGS proteins are widely distributed in the monocot lineage, despite their frequent loss. There is no support for the adaptive coevolution of the Gα:RGS protein pair based on single amino acid substitutions. RGS proteins interact with, and affect the activity of, Gα proteins from species with or without endogenous RGS. This cross-functional compatibility expands between the metazoan and plant kingdoms, illustrating striking conservation of their interaction interface. We propose that additional proteins or alternative mechanisms may exist which compensate for the loss of RGS in certain plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Hackenberg
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 North Warson Road, St Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | - Michael R McKain
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 North Warson Road, St Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | - Soon Goo Lee
- Department of Biology, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1137, St Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Swarup Roy Choudhury
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 North Warson Road, St Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | - Tyler McCann
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 North Warson Road, St Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | - Spencer Schreier
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 North Warson Road, St Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | - Alex Harkess
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - J Chris Pires
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Gane Ka-Shu Wong
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E9, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Joseph M Jez
- Department of Biology, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1137, St Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Kellogg
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 North Warson Road, St Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | - Sona Pandey
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 North Warson Road, St Louis, MO, 63132, USA
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11
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The integration of Gβ and MAPK signaling cascade in zygote development. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8732. [PMID: 28821747 PMCID: PMC5562876 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08230-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells respond to many signals with a limited number of signaling components. Heterotrimeric G proteins and MAPK cascades are universally used by eukaryotic cells to transduce signals in various developmental processes or stress responses by activating different effectors. MAPK cascade is integrated with G proteins by scaffold protein during plant immunity. However, the molecular relationship between G proteins and MAPK modules in plant development is still unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that Arabidopsis Gβ protein AGB1 interacts with MPK3 and 6, MKK4 and 5, as well as the regulatory domains of YODA (YDA), the upstream MEKK of MKK4/5. Remarkably, YDA interacts with the plasma membrane associated SHORT SUSPENSOR (SSP) through its N- and C-terminal region in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, genetic analysis shows that AGB1 functions together with MPK3/6 signaling cascade during the asymmetric division of the zygote. These data indicate that Gβ may function likely as a scaffold, through direct physical interaction with the components of the MPK signaling module in plant development. Our results provide new insights into the molecular functions of G protein and will advance the understanding of the complex mechanism of kinase signaling cascades.
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12
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Plattner H. Evolutionary Cell Biology of Proteins from Protists to Humans and Plants. J Eukaryot Microbiol 2017; 65:255-289. [PMID: 28719054 DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
During evolution, the cell as a fine-tuned machine had to undergo permanent adjustments to match changes in its environment, while "closed for repair work" was not possible. Evolution from protists (protozoa and unicellular algae) to multicellular organisms may have occurred in basically two lineages, Unikonta and Bikonta, culminating in mammals and angiosperms (flowering plants), respectively. Unicellular models for unikont evolution are myxamoebae (Dictyostelium) and increasingly also choanoflagellates, whereas for bikonts, ciliates are preferred models. Information accumulating from combined molecular database search and experimental verification allows new insights into evolutionary diversification and maintenance of genes/proteins from protozoa on, eventually with orthologs in bacteria. However, proteins have rarely been followed up systematically for maintenance or change of function or intracellular localization, acquirement of new domains, partial deletion (e.g. of subunits), and refunctionalization, etc. These aspects are discussed in this review, envisaging "evolutionary cell biology." Protozoan heritage is found for most important cellular structures and functions up to humans and flowering plants. Examples discussed include refunctionalization of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels in cilia and replacement by other types during evolution. Altogether components serving Ca2+ signaling are very flexible throughout evolution, calmodulin being a most conservative example, in contrast to calcineurin whose catalytic subunit is lost in plants, whereas both subunits are maintained up to mammals for complex functions (immune defense and learning). Domain structure of R-type SNAREs differs in mono- and bikonta, as do Ca2+ -dependent protein kinases. Unprecedented selective expansion of the subunit a which connects multimeric base piece and head parts (V0, V1) of H+ -ATPase/pump may well reflect the intriguing vesicle trafficking system in ciliates, specifically in Paramecium. One of the most flexible proteins is centrin when its intracellular localization and function throughout evolution is traced. There are many more examples documenting evolutionary flexibility of translation products depending on requirements and potential for implantation within the actual cellular context at different levels of evolution. From estimates of gene and protein numbers per organism, it appears that much of the basic inventory of protozoan precursors could be transmitted to highest eukaryotic levels, with some losses and also with important additional "inventions."
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Plattner
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, P. O. Box M625, Konstanz, 78457, Germany
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Roy Choudhury S, Pandey S. Phosphatidic acid binding inhibits RGS1 activity to affect specific signaling pathways in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 90:466-477. [PMID: 28161903 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Modulation of the active versus inactive forms of the Gα protein is critical for the signaling processes mediated by the heterotrimeric G-protein complex. We have recently established that in Arabidopsis, the regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS1) protein and a lipid-hydrolyzing enzyme, phospholipase Dα1 (PLDα1), both act as GTPase-activity accelerating proteins (GAPs) for the Gα protein to attenuate its activity. RGS1 and PLDα1 interact with each other, and RGS1 inhibits the activity of PLDα1 during regulation of a subset of responses. In this study, we present evidence that this regulation is bidirectional. Phosphatidic acid (PA), a second messenger typically derived from the lipid-hydrolyzing activity of PLDα1, is a molecular target of RGS1. PA binds and inhibits the GAP activity of RGS1. A conserved lysine residue in RGS1 (Lys259 ) is directly involved in RGS1-PA binding. Introduction of this RGS1 protein variant in the rgs1 mutant background makes plants hypersensitive to a subset of abscisic acid-mediated responses. Our data point to the existence of negative feedback loops between these two regulatory proteins that precisely modulate the level of active Gα, consequently generating a highly controlled signal-response output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarup Roy Choudhury
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 N. Warson Road, St Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | - Sona Pandey
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 N. Warson Road, St Louis, MO, 63132, USA
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Xu Q, Zhao M, Wu K, Fu X, Liu Q. Emerging insights into heterotrimeric G protein signaling in plants. J Genet Genomics 2016; 43:495-502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Roy Choudhury S, Pandey S. The role of PLDα1 in providing specificity to signal-response coupling by heterotrimeric G-protein components in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 86:50-61. [PMID: 26935351 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Heterotrimeric G-proteins comprised of Gα, Gβ and Gγ subunits are important signal transducers in all eukaryotes. In plants, G-proteins affect multiple biotic and abiotic stress responses, as well as many developmental processes, even though their repertoire is significantly limited compared with that in metazoan systems. One canonical and three extra-large Gα, 1 Gβ and 3 Gγ proteins represent the heterotrimeric G-protein complex in Arabidopsis, and a single regulatory protein, RGS1, is one of the few known biochemical regulators of this signaling complex. This quantitative disparity between the number of signaling components and the range of processes they influence is rather intriguing. We now present evidence that the phospholipase Dα1 protein is a key component and modulator of the G-protein complex in affecting a subset of signaling pathways. We also show that the same G-protein subunits and their modulators exhibit distinct physiological and genetic interactions depending on specific signaling and developmental pathways. Such developmental plasticity and interaction specificity likely compensates for the lack of multiplicity of individual subunits, and helps to fine tune the plants' responses to constantly changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarup Roy Choudhury
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 N. Warson Road, St. Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | - Sona Pandey
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 N. Warson Road, St. Louis, MO, 63132, USA
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16
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Mudgil Y, Karve A, Teixeira PJPL, Jiang K, Tunc-Ozdemir M, Jones AM. Photosynthate Regulation of the Root System Architecture Mediated by the Heterotrimeric G Protein Complex in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1255. [PMID: 27610112 PMCID: PMC4997095 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Assimilate partitioning to the root system is a desirable developmental trait to control but little is known of the signaling pathway underlying partitioning. A null mutation in the gene encoding the Gβ subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein complex, a nexus for a variety of signaling pathways, confers altered sugar partitioning in roots. While fixed carbon rapidly reached the roots of wild type and agb1-2 mutant seedlings, agb1 roots had more of this fixed carbon in the form of glucose, fructose, and sucrose which manifested as a higher lateral root density. Upon glucose treatment, the agb1-2 mutant had abnormal gene expression in the root tip validated by transcriptome analysis. In addition, PIN2 membrane localization was altered in the agb1-2 mutant. The heterotrimeric G protein complex integrates photosynthesis-derived sugar signaling incorporating both membrane-and transcriptional-based mechanisms. The time constants for these signaling mechanisms are in the same range as photosynthate delivery to the root, raising the possibility that root cells are able to use changes in carbon fixation in real time to adjust growth behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashwanti Mudgil
- Department of Botany, University of DelhiDelhi, India
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel HillNC, USA
- *Correspondence: Yashwanti Mudgil,
| | | | | | - Kun Jiang
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel HillNC, USA
| | - Meral Tunc-Ozdemir
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel HillNC, USA
| | - Alan M. Jones
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel HillNC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel HillNC, USA
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