1
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Alotaiby S, Zhao X, Boesch C, Sergeeva NN. Sustainable approach towards isolation of photosynthetic pigments from Spirulina and the assessment of their prooxidant and antioxidant properties. Food Chem 2024; 436:137653. [PMID: 37832415 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids, chlorophyll and phycocyanin are three types of photosynthetic pigments found in Spirulina that differ in colour, composition, stability, solubility, and commercial importance. Such diversity of structures creates a challenge to extract these pigments simultaneously from the same batch of raw material in an efficient and sustainable manner. This study demonstrates that water can be successfully used as a single solvent together with combined (non)mechanical cell membrane disruption techniques (ultrasonication, centrifugation, freezing/thawing cycle) to extract these photosynthetic pigments from the same batch. This water-based approach delivers a significant improvement in isolating green pigments, which are often overlooked during extraction due to a preference for blue and yellow pigments. Chlorophyll was quantitatively converted to its stable derivatives to carry out a comparative analysis of antioxidant properties (DPPH, TEAC, FRAP), singlet oxygen production and intracellular activities (MTT, ROS assays) using Caco-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shorog Alotaiby
- School of Design, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. BOX 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiao Zhao
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom; School of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Christine Boesch
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia N Sergeeva
- School of Design, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom; The Leeds Institute of Textile and Colour, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.
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2
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Gurgel RS, de Melo Pereira DÍ, Garcia AVF, Fernandes de Souza AT, Mendes da Silva T, de Andrade CP, Lima da Silva W, Nunez CV, Fantin C, de Lima Procópio RE, Albuquerque PM. Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Endophytic Fungi Associated with Arrabidaea chica (Bignoniaceae). J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:864. [PMID: 37623634 PMCID: PMC10455555 DOI: 10.3390/jof9080864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The endophytic fungal community of the Amazonian medicinal plant Arrabidaea chica (Bignoniaceae) was evaluated based on the hypothesis that microbial communities associated with plant species in the Amazon region may produce metabolites with interesting bioactive properties. Therefore, the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the fungal extracts were investigated. A total of 107 endophytic fungi were grown in liquid medium and the metabolites were extracted with ethyl acetate. In the screening of fungal extracts for antimicrobial activity, the fungus identified as Botryosphaeria mamane CF2-13 was the most promising, with activity against E. coli, S. epidermidis, P. mirabilis, B. subtilis, S. marcescens, K. pneumoniae, S. enterica, A. brasiliensis, C. albicans, C. tropicalis and, especially, against S. aureus and C. parapsilosis (MIC = 0.312 mg/mL). Screening for antioxidant potential using the DPPH elimination assay showed that the Colletotrichum sp. CG1-7 endophyte extract exhibited potential activity with an EC50 of 11 µg/mL, which is equivalent to quercetin (8 µg/mL). The FRAP method confirmed the antioxidant potential of the fungal extracts. The presence of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the active extracts was confirmed using TLC. These results indicate that two of the fungi isolated from A. chica exhibit significant antimicrobial and antioxidant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raiana Silveira Gurgel
- Programa Graduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology of the Bionorte Network, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil; (R.S.G.); (D.Í.d.M.P.); (C.P.d.A.)
- Research Group on Chemistry Applied to Technology, School of Technology, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-020, Brazil; (A.V.F.G.); (A.T.F.d.S.); (T.M.d.S.); (R.E.d.L.P.)
| | - Dorothy Ívila de Melo Pereira
- Programa Graduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology of the Bionorte Network, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil; (R.S.G.); (D.Í.d.M.P.); (C.P.d.A.)
- Research Group on Chemistry Applied to Technology, School of Technology, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-020, Brazil; (A.V.F.G.); (A.T.F.d.S.); (T.M.d.S.); (R.E.d.L.P.)
| | - Ana Vyktória França Garcia
- Research Group on Chemistry Applied to Technology, School of Technology, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-020, Brazil; (A.V.F.G.); (A.T.F.d.S.); (T.M.d.S.); (R.E.d.L.P.)
| | - Anne Terezinha Fernandes de Souza
- Research Group on Chemistry Applied to Technology, School of Technology, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-020, Brazil; (A.V.F.G.); (A.T.F.d.S.); (T.M.d.S.); (R.E.d.L.P.)
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Natural Resources of the Amazon, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil; (C.V.N.); (C.F.)
| | - Thaysa Mendes da Silva
- Research Group on Chemistry Applied to Technology, School of Technology, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-020, Brazil; (A.V.F.G.); (A.T.F.d.S.); (T.M.d.S.); (R.E.d.L.P.)
| | - Cleudiane Pereira de Andrade
- Programa Graduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology of the Bionorte Network, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil; (R.S.G.); (D.Í.d.M.P.); (C.P.d.A.)
- Research Group on Chemistry Applied to Technology, School of Technology, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-020, Brazil; (A.V.F.G.); (A.T.F.d.S.); (T.M.d.S.); (R.E.d.L.P.)
| | - Weison Lima da Silva
- Bioprospection and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Institute of Amazonian Research, Manaus 69067-375, Brazil;
| | - Cecilia Veronica Nunez
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Natural Resources of the Amazon, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil; (C.V.N.); (C.F.)
- Bioprospection and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Institute of Amazonian Research, Manaus 69067-375, Brazil;
| | - Cleiton Fantin
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Natural Resources of the Amazon, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil; (C.V.N.); (C.F.)
- Multicentric Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil
| | - Rudi Emerson de Lima Procópio
- Research Group on Chemistry Applied to Technology, School of Technology, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-020, Brazil; (A.V.F.G.); (A.T.F.d.S.); (T.M.d.S.); (R.E.d.L.P.)
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Natural Resources of the Amazon, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil; (C.V.N.); (C.F.)
| | - Patrícia Melchionna Albuquerque
- Programa Graduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology of the Bionorte Network, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil; (R.S.G.); (D.Í.d.M.P.); (C.P.d.A.)
- Research Group on Chemistry Applied to Technology, School of Technology, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-020, Brazil; (A.V.F.G.); (A.T.F.d.S.); (T.M.d.S.); (R.E.d.L.P.)
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Natural Resources of the Amazon, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil; (C.V.N.); (C.F.)
- Multicentric Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil
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3
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Timm BL, da Gama ANS, Batista MM, Batista DDGJ, Boykin DW, De Koning HP, Correia Soeiro MDN. Arylimidamides Have Potential for Chemoprophylaxis against Blood-Transmitted Chagas Disease. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12050701. [PMID: 37242371 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12050701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD) affects over 6 million people worldwide and can be transmitted iatrogenically. Crystal violet (CV) was previously used for pathogen reduction but has harmful side-effects. In the present study, three arylimidamides (AIAs) and CV were used to sterilize mice blood samples experimentally contaminated with bloodstream trypomastigotes (BT) of Trypanosoma cruzi, at non hemolytic doses. All AIAs were not toxic to mouse blood cells until the highest tested concentration (96 µM). The previous treatment of BT with the AIAs impaired the infection establishment of cardiac cell cultures. In vivo assays showed that pre-incubation of mouse blood samples with the AIAs and CV (96 µM) significantly suppressed the parasitemia peak, but only the AIA DB1831 gave ≥90% animal survival, while vehicle treated samples reached 0%. Our findings support further studies regarding the potential use of AIAs for blood bank purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Lisboa Timm
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Meuser Batista
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil
| | - Denise da Gama Jaén Batista
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil
| | - David W Boykin
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Harry P De Koning
- School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G43 2DX, UK
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4
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Julca I, Mutwil-Anderwald D, Manoj V, Khan Z, Lai SK, Yang LK, Beh IT, Dziekan J, Lim YP, Lim SK, Low YW, Lam YI, Tjia S, Mu Y, Tan QW, Nuc P, Choo LM, Khew G, Shining L, Kam A, Tam JP, Bozdech Z, Schmidt M, Usadel B, Kanagasundaram Y, Alseekh S, Fernie A, Li HY, Mutwil M. Genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analysis of Oldenlandia corymbosa reveals the biosynthesis and mode of action of anti-cancer metabolites. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 36807520 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants accumulate a vast array of secondary metabolites, which constitute a natural resource for pharmaceuticals. Oldenlandia corymbosa belongs to the Rubiaceae family, and has been used in traditional medicine to treat different diseases, including cancer. However, the active metabolites of the plant, their biosynthetic pathway and mode of action in cancer are unknown. To fill these gaps, we exposed this plant to eight different stress conditions and combined different omics data capturing gene expression, metabolic profiles, and anti-cancer activity. Our results show that O. corymbosa extracts are active against breast cancer cell lines and that ursolic acid is responsible for this activity. Moreover, we assembled a high-quality genome and uncovered two genes involved in the biosynthesis of ursolic acid. Finally, we also revealed that ursolic acid causes mitotic catastrophe in cancer cells and identified three high-confidence protein binding targets by Cellular Thermal Shift Assay (CETSA) and reverse docking. Altogether, these results constitute a valuable resource to further characterize the biosynthesis of active metabolites in the Oldenlandia group, while the mode of action of ursolic acid will allow us to further develop this valuable compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Julca
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | | | - Vaishnervi Manoj
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zahra Khan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Soak Kuan Lai
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Lay K Yang
- Shared Analytics, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Ing T Beh
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jerzy Dziekan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yoon P Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117596, Singapore
| | - Shen K Lim
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117596, Singapore
| | - Yee W Low
- Singapore Botanic Gardens, Singapore, 259569, Singapore
| | - Yuen I Lam
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Seth Tjia
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yuguang Mu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Qiao W Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Przemyslaw Nuc
- Department of Gene Expression, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, 61-614, Poland
| | - Le M Choo
- Singapore Botanic Gardens, Singapore, 259569, Singapore
| | - Gillian Khew
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Singapore Botanic Gardens, Singapore, 259569, Singapore
| | - Loo Shining
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Antony Kam
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - James P Tam
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zbynek Bozdech
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | | | - Bjoern Usadel
- IBG-4 Bioinformatics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, 52428, Germany
| | - Yoganathan Kanagasundaram
- Shared Analytics, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Alisdair Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Hoi Y Li
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Marek Mutwil
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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5
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Batalha ADDSJ, Souza DCDM, Ubiera RD, Chaves FCM, Monteiro WM, da Silva FMA, Koolen HHF, Boechat AL, Sartim MA. Therapeutic Potential of Leaves from Fridericia chica (Bonpl.) L. G. Lohmann: Botanical Aspects, Phytochemical and Biological, Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant and Healing Action. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091208. [PMID: 36139047 PMCID: PMC9496332 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants of the species Fridericia chica (Bonpl.) L. G. Lohmann (Bignoniaceae), which are widely distributed in Brazil and named crajiru in the state of Amazonas, are known in folk medicine as a traditional medicine in the form of a tea for the treatment of intestinal colic, diarrhea, and anemia, among other diseases. The chemical analysis of extracts of the leaves has identified phenolic compounds, a class of secondary metabolites that provide defense for plants and benefits to the health of humans. Several studies have shown the therapeutic efficacy of F. chica extracts, with antitumor, antiviral, wound healing, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities being among the therapeutic applications already proven. The healing action of F. chica leaf extract has been demonstrated in several experimental models, and shows the ability to favor the proliferation of fibroblasts, which is essential for tissue repair. The anti-inflammatory activity of F. chica has been clearly demonstrated by several authors, who suggest that it is related to the presence of 3-deoxyanthocyanidins, which is capable of inhibiting pro-inflammatory pathways such as the kappa B (NF-kB) nuclear transcription factor pathway. Another important effect attributed to this species is the antioxidant effect, attributed to phenolic compounds interrupting chain reactions caused by free radicals and donating hydrogen atoms or electrons. In conclusion, the species Fridericia chica has great therapeutic potential, which is detailed in this paper with the objective of encouraging new research and promoting the sum of efforts for the inclusion of herbal medicines in health systems around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Damy Caroline de Melo Souza
- Basic and Applied Graduate Program—PPGIBA, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69080-900, Brazil
| | - Rosmery Duran Ubiera
- Basic and Applied Graduate Program—PPGIBA, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69080-900, Brazil
| | | | - Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro
- Tropical Medicine Graduate Program, Amazonas State University—UEA, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil
- Tropical Medicine Foundation Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus 69040-000, Brazil
| | | | - Hector Henrique Ferreira Koolen
- Tropical Medicine Graduate Program, Amazonas State University—UEA, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil
- Research Group in Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry, Amazonas State University, Manaus 690065-130, Brazil
| | - Antônio Luiz Boechat
- Basic and Applied Graduate Program—PPGIBA, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69080-900, Brazil
- Laboratory of Innovative Therapies, Department of Parasitology, Amazonas State University—UEA, Manaus 69080-900, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Sartim
- Basic and Applied Graduate Program—PPGIBA, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69080-900, Brazil
- Tropical Medicine Graduate Program, Amazonas State University—UEA, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil
- Research & Development Department, Nilton Lins Foundation, Manaus 69058-030, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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6
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Lazarin-Bidóia D, Garcia FP, Ueda-Nakamura T, Silva SDO, Nakamura CV. Natural compounds based chemotherapeutic against Chagas disease and leishmaniasis: mitochondrion as a strategic target. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2022; 117:e220396. [PMID: 35352776 PMCID: PMC8970591 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760220396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past years, natural products have been explored in order to find biological active substances to treat various diseases. Regarding their potential action against parasites such as trypanosomatids, specially Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp., much advance has been achieved. Extracts and purified molecules of several species from genera Piper, Tanacetum, Porophyllum, and Copaifera have been widely investigated by our research group and exhibited interesting antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activities. These natural compounds affected different structures in parasites, and we believe that the mitochondrion is a strategic target to induce parasite death. Considering that these trypanosomatids have a unique mitochondrion, this cellular target has been extensively studied aiming to find more selective drugs, since the current treatment of these neglected tropical diseases has some challenges such as high toxicity and prolonged treatment time. Here, we summarise some results obtained with natural products from our research group and we further highlighted some strategies that must be considered to finally develop an effective chemotherapeutic agent against these parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Lazarin-Bidóia
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - Francielle Pelegrin Garcia
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - Tânia Ueda-Nakamura
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - Sueli de Oliveira Silva
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Laboratório de Inovação Tecnológica no Desenvolvimento de Fármacos e Cosméticos, Maringá, PR, Brasil
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7
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Silva-Silva JV, Moragas-Tellis CJ, Chagas MSS, Souza PVR, Moreira DL, Hardoim DJ, Taniwaki NN, Costa VFA, Bertho AL, Brondani D, Zapp E, de Oliveira AS, Calabrese KS, Behrens MD, Almeida-Souza F. Carajurin Induces Apoptosis in Leishmania amazonensis Promastigotes through Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030331. [PMID: 35337130 PMCID: PMC8948652 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Carajurin is the main constituent of Arrabidaea chica species with reported anti-Leishmania activity. However, its mechanism of action has not been described. This study investigated the mechanisms of action of carajurin against promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis. Carajurin was effective against promastigotes with IC50 of 7.96 ± 1.23 μg.mL−1 (26.4 µM), and the cytotoxic concentration for peritoneal macrophages was 258.2 ± 1.20 μg.mL−1 (856.9 µM) after 24 h of treatment. Ultrastructural evaluation highlighted pronounced swelling of the kinetoplast with loss of electron-density in L. amazonensis promastigotes induced by carajurin treatment. It was observed that carajurin leads to a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential (p = 0.0286), an increase in reactive oxygen species production (p = 0.0286), and cell death by late apoptosis (p = 0.0095) in parasites. Pretreatment with the antioxidant NAC prevented ROS production and significantly reduced carajurin-induced cell death. The electrochemical and density functional theory (DFT) data contributed to support the molecular mechanism of action of carajurin associated with the ROS generation, for which it is possible to observe a correlation between the LUMO energy and the electroactivity of carajurin in the presence of molecular oxygen. All these results suggest that carajurin targets the mitochondria in L. amazonensis. In addition, when assessed for its drug-likeness, carajurin follows Lipinski’’s rule of five, and the Ghose, Veber, Egan, and Muegge criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Victor Silva-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (J.V.S.-S.); (D.J.H.); (F.A.-S.)
| | - Carla J. Moragas-Tellis
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (C.J.M.-T.); (M.S.S.C.); (P.V.R.S.); (D.L.M.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Maria S. S. Chagas
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (C.J.M.-T.); (M.S.S.C.); (P.V.R.S.); (D.L.M.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Paulo Victor R. Souza
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (C.J.M.-T.); (M.S.S.C.); (P.V.R.S.); (D.L.M.); (M.D.B.)
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Research in Drugs and Medicines, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Davyson L. Moreira
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (C.J.M.-T.); (M.S.S.C.); (P.V.R.S.); (D.L.M.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Daiana J. Hardoim
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (J.V.S.-S.); (D.J.H.); (F.A.-S.)
| | - Noemi N. Taniwaki
- Electron Microscopy Nucleus, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil;
| | - Vanessa F. A. Costa
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (V.F.A.C.); (A.L.B.)
| | - Alvaro L. Bertho
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (V.F.A.C.); (A.L.B.)
- Flow Cytometry Technological Platform, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Daniela Brondani
- Research Group on Medicinal and Biological Chemistry (GPQMedBio), Department of Exact Sciences and Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau 89036-002, Brazil; (D.B.); (E.Z.); (A.S.d.O.)
| | - Eduardo Zapp
- Research Group on Medicinal and Biological Chemistry (GPQMedBio), Department of Exact Sciences and Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau 89036-002, Brazil; (D.B.); (E.Z.); (A.S.d.O.)
| | - Aldo Sena de Oliveira
- Research Group on Medicinal and Biological Chemistry (GPQMedBio), Department of Exact Sciences and Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau 89036-002, Brazil; (D.B.); (E.Z.); (A.S.d.O.)
| | - Kátia S. Calabrese
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (J.V.S.-S.); (D.J.H.); (F.A.-S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-21-2562-1879
| | - Maria D. Behrens
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (C.J.M.-T.); (M.S.S.C.); (P.V.R.S.); (D.L.M.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Fernando Almeida-Souza
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (J.V.S.-S.); (D.J.H.); (F.A.-S.)
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, State University of Maranhão, Sao Luis 65055-310, Brazil
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8
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Pardo-Rodriguez D, Lasso P, Mateus J, Mendez J, Puerta CJ, Cuéllar A, Robles J, Cuervo C. A terpenoid-rich extract from Clethra fimbriata exhibits anti- Trypanosoma cru zi activity and induces T cell cytokine production. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09182. [PMID: 35368545 PMCID: PMC8968664 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease, a worldwide public health concern, is a chronic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. Considering T. cruzi chronic persistence correlates with CD4+ and CD8+ T cell dysfunction and the safety and efficacy profiles of Benznidazol and Nifurtimox, the two drugs currently used for its etiological treatment, are far from ideal, the search of new trypanocidal treatment options is a highly relevant issue. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the trypanocidal effect and cytokine production induction of three extracts (hexane, dichloromethane and hydroalcoholic) obtained from Clethra fimbriata, a plant traditionally used as a febrifuge in Colombia. Additionally, the extracts’ major components with the highest trypanocidal activity were determined. It was evidenced C. fimbriata hexane extract exhibited the highest activity capable of inhibiting the three parasite developmental stages with an IC50/EC50 of 153.9 ± 29.5 (epimastigotes), 39.3 ± 7.2 (trypomastigotes), and 45.6 ± 10.5 (amastigotes) μg/mL, presenting a low cytotoxicity in VERO cells with a selectivity index ranging from 6.49 to 25.4. Moreover, this extract induced trypomastigote apoptotic death and inhibited parasite cell infection. The extract also induced IFN-γ and TNF production in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as de novo production of the cytotoxic molecules granzyme B and perforin in CD8+ T cells from healthy donors. Fatty acids and terpenes represented C. fimbriata key compounds. Thus, the trypanocidal activity and cytokine production induction of the hexane extract may be associated with terpene presence, particularly, triterpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pardo-Rodriguez
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.,Grupo de Investigación Fitoquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.,Grupo de Productos Naturales, Universidad del Tolima, Tolima, Colombia
| | - Paola Lasso
- Grupo de Inmunobiología y Biología Celular, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - José Mateus
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - John Mendez
- Grupo de Productos Naturales, Universidad del Tolima, Tolima, Colombia
| | - Concepción J Puerta
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Adriana Cuéllar
- Grupo en Ciencias de Laboratorio Clínico, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jorge Robles
- Grupo de Investigación Fitoquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Claudia Cuervo
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
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9
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Brandão DC, Lima PMAP, Martins IC, Cordeiro CS, Cordeiro AO, Vecchi L, Guerra JFC, Orsolin PC, Gazolla MC, Costa DS, da Silva Filho AA, Araújo TG. Arrabidaea chica chloroform extract modulates estrogen and androgen receptors on luminal breast cancer cells. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:18. [PMID: 35057779 PMCID: PMC8773405 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03506-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast Cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women worldwide and, although 70% of patients are responsive to selective Estrogen Receptor (ER) modulators such as Tamoxifen (Tam), patients' survival is comprised by resistance to endocrine therapy. Brazilian flora, especially the Amazon biome, is one of the richest global sources of native species with potentially bioactive compounds. Arrabidaea chica is a plant native to the Amazon that has been used in the treatment of different diseases. However, its action on BC remains unclear. METHODS Herein the biological effects of the chloroform extract of A. chica (CEAC) were evaluated on BC cells and in in vivo model. After confirmation of CEAC antioxidant capacity, cells were treated with CEAC and Tam, alone and with CEAC+Tam. The cell viability was evaluated by MTT and hormone receptor transcripts levels were assessed (ESR1, ESR2 and AR). Finally, anticarcinogenicity of CEAC was recorded in Drosophila melanogaster through Epithelial Tumor Test (ETT). RESULTS The study confirmed the antioxidant activity of CEAC. CEAC was selective for MCF-7, downregulating ESR2 and AR transcripts and upregulating ESR2 expression. The modulatory effects of CEAC on ERs did not differ between cells treated with Tam and with CEAC+Tam. Interestingly, previous treatment with CEAC, followed by treatment with Tam promoted a significant decrease in cell viability. The extract also presented anticarcinogenic effect in in vivo assay. CONCLUSION The bioassays on breast tumor cells demonstrated the antiproliferative activity of the extract, which modulated the expression of hormone receptors and sensitized luminal tumor cells to Tam. These results suggest that CEAC could be a complementary treatment for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas C. Brandão
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Major Jerônimo, 566, Sala 601, Patos de Minas, MG 38700-002 Brazil
| | - Paula M. A. P. Lima
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Major Jerônimo, 566, Sala 601, Patos de Minas, MG 38700-002 Brazil
- Laboratory of Cytogenetic and Mutagenesis, University Center of Patos de Minas, Patos de Minas, MG Brazil
| | - Isabella C. Martins
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Major Jerônimo, 566, Sala 601, Patos de Minas, MG 38700-002 Brazil
| | - Carina S. Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Major Jerônimo, 566, Sala 601, Patos de Minas, MG 38700-002 Brazil
| | - Antonielle O. Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Major Jerônimo, 566, Sala 601, Patos de Minas, MG 38700-002 Brazil
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG Brazil
| | - Lara Vecchi
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG Brazil
| | - Joyce F. C. Guerra
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Patos de Minas, MG Brazil
| | - Priscila C. Orsolin
- Laboratory of Cytogenetic and Mutagenesis, University Center of Patos de Minas, Patos de Minas, MG Brazil
| | - Matheus C. Gazolla
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG Brazil
| | - Danilo S. Costa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG Brazil
| | - Ademar A. da Silva Filho
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG Brazil
| | - Thaise G. Araújo
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Major Jerônimo, 566, Sala 601, Patos de Minas, MG 38700-002 Brazil
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG Brazil
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10
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Wang D, Kuzma ML, Tan X, He TC, Dong C, Liu Z, Yang J. Phototherapy and optical waveguides for the treatment of infection. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 179:114036. [PMID: 34740763 PMCID: PMC8665112 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With rapid emergence of multi-drug resistant microbes, it is imperative to seek alternative means for infection control. Optical waveguides are an auspicious delivery method for precise administration of phototherapy. Studies have shown that phototherapy is promising in fighting against a myriad of infectious pathogens (i.e. viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa) including biofilm-forming species and drug-resistant strains while evading treatment resistance. When administered via optical waveguides, phototherapy can treat both superficial and deep-tissue infections while minimizing off-site effects that afflict conventional phototherapy and pharmacotherapy. Despite great therapeutic potential, exact mechanisms, materials, and fabrication designs to optimize this promising treatment option are underexplored. This review outlines principles and applications of phototherapy and optical waveguides for infection control. Research advances, challenges, and outlook regarding this delivery system are rigorously discussed in a hope to inspire future developments of optical waveguide-mediated phototherapy for the management of infection and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingbowen Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Michelle Laurel Kuzma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Xinyu Tan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Academy of Orthopedics, Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Cheng Dong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Zhiwen Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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11
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Ogedengbe-Olowofoyeku AN, Ademola IO, Wright CW, Idowu SO, Fatokun AA. Anthelmintic activity and non-cytotoxicity of phaeophorbide-a isolated from the leaf of Spondias mombin L. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 280:114392. [PMID: 34233206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Helminthosis (worm infection) is a disease of grazing livestock, with significant economic implications. Increasing resistance to existing synthetic anthelmintics used to control helminthosis and the unwanted presence of residues of the anthelmintics reported in meat and dairy products present a serious global health challenge. These challenges have necessitated the development of novel anthelmintics that could combat drug resistance and exhibit better safety profiles. Spondias mombin L. (Anacardiaceae) is a plant that has been used traditionally as a worm expeller. AIM OF STUDY The aim of the work reported herein was to isolate and characterise anthelmintic compound(s) from S. mombin leaf, establishing their bioactivity and safety profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult Haemonchus placei motility assay was used to assess anthelmintic bioactivity. Bioassay-guided chromatographic fractionation of acetone extract of S. mombin leaf was carried out on a silica gel stationary phase. The structure of the compound was elucidated using spectroscopy (1H and 13C NMR) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). Screening to exclude potential cytotoxicity against mammalian cells (H460, Caco-2, MC3T3-E1) was done using alamar blue (AB) and CellTitreGlo (CTG) viability reagents. RESULTS The acetone extract yielded an active fraction 8 (Ethyl acetate: methanol 90:10; anthelmintic LC50: 3.97 mg/mL), which yielded an active sub-fraction (Ethyl acetate: Methanol 95:5; anthelmintic LC50: 53.8 μg/mL), from which active compound 1 was isolated and identified as phaeophorbide-a (LC50: 23.0 μg/mL or 38.8 μM). The compound was not toxic below 200 μM but weakly cytotoxic at 200 μM. CONCLUSIONS Phaeophorbide-a (1) isolated from S. mombin leaf extract and reported in the plant for the first time in this species demonstrated anthelmintic activity. No significant toxicity to mammalian cells was observed. It therefore represents a novel anthelmintic pharmacophore as a potential lead for the development of novel anthelmintics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abosede N Ogedengbe-Olowofoyeku
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Isaiah O Ademola
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Colin W Wright
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Sunday O Idowu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Amos A Fatokun
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK.
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12
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Silva-Silva JV, Moragas-Tellis CJ, Chagas MDSDS, de Souza PVR, de Souza CDSF, Hardoim DDJ, Taniwaki NN, Moreira DDL, Dutra Behrens M, Calabrese KDS, Almeida-Souza F. Antileishmanial Activity of Flavones-Rich Fraction From Arrabidaea chica Verlot (Bignoniaceae). Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:703985. [PMID: 34354593 PMCID: PMC8329660 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.703985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acknowledging the need of identifying new compounds for the treatment of leishmaniasis, this study aimed to evaluate, from in vitro trials, the activity of flavones from Arrabidaea chica against L. amazonensis. The chromatographic profiles of the hydroethanolic extract and a flavone-rich fraction (ACFF) from A. chica were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode-array UV-Vis detector (HPLC-DAD-UV) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in tandem (LC-ESI-MS-MS). The flavones luteolin (1) and apigenin (2), isolated from chromatographic techniques and identified by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of 1H and 13C, were also quantified in ACFF, showing 190.7 mg/g and apigenin 12.4 mg/g, respectively. The other flavones were identified by comparing their spectroscopic data with those of the literature. The in vitro activity was assayed against promastigotes and intramacrophagic amastigote forms of L. amazonensis. Cytotoxicity tests were performed with peritoneal macrophages of BALB/c mice. Nitrite quantification was performed with Griess reagent. Ultrastructural investigations were obtained by transmission electron microscopy. Anti-Leishmania assays indicated that the IC50 values for ACFF, apigenin, and luteolin were obtained at 40.42 ± 0.10 and 31.51 ± 1.13 μg/mL against promastigotes, respectively. ACFF and luteolin have concentration-dependent cytotoxicity. ACFF and luteolin also inhibited the intra-macrophagic parasite (IC50 3.575 ± 1.13 and 11.78 ± 1.24 μg/mL, respectively), with a selectivity index of 11.44 for ACFF. Promastigotes exposed to ACFF and luteolin exhibited ultrastructural changes, such as intense cytoplasm vacuolization and mitochondrial swelling. These findings data evidence the antileishmanial action of flavone-rich fractions of A. chica against L. amazonensis, encouraging further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Victor Silva-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carla Junqueira Moragas-Tellis
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Techonology Institute - Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria do Socorro Dos Santos Chagas
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Techonology Institute - Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo Victor Ramos de Souza
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Techonology Institute - Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Student on Postgraduate Program in Translational Research in Drugs and Medicines, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Daiana de Jesus Hardoim
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Davyson de Lima Moreira
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Techonology Institute - Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Dutra Behrens
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Techonology Institute - Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kátia da Silva Calabrese
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernando Almeida-Souza
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Postgraduate in Animal Science, State University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
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13
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Silva-Silva JV, Moragas-Tellis CJ, Chagas MSS, Souza PVR, Moreira DL, de Souza CSF, Teixeira KF, Cenci AR, de Oliveira AS, Almeida-Souza F, Behrens MD, Calabrese KS. Carajurin: a anthocyanidin from Arrabidaea chica as a potential biological marker of antileishmanial activity. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111910. [PMID: 34323692 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a group of neglected tropical diseases whose treatment with antimonials bears limitations and has changed little in over 80 years. Medicinal plants have been evaluated as a therapeutic alternative for leishmaniasis. Arrabidaea chica is popularly used as a wound healing and antiparasitic agent, especially as leishmanicidal agent. This study examined the leishmanicidal activity of a crude extract (ACCE), an anthocyanidin-rich fraction (ACAF), and three isolated anthocyanidins from A. chica: carajurin, 3'-hydroxy-carajurone, and carajurone. We evaluated the antileishmanial activity against promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis and determined cytotoxicity in BALB/c peritoneal macrophages, as well as nitrite quantification, using the Griess method. Molecular docking was carried out to evaluate interactions of carajurin at the nitric oxide synthase enzyme. All compounds were active against promastigotes after 72 h, with IC50 values of 101.5 ± 0.06 μg/mL for ACCE and 4.976 ± 1.09 μg/mL for ACAF. Anthocyanidins carajurin, 3'-hydroxy-carajurone, and carajurone had IC50 values of 3.66 ± 1.16, 22.70 ± 1.20, and 28.28 ± 0.07 μg/mL, respectively. The cytotoxicity assay after 72 h showed results ranging from 9.640 to 66.74 µg/mL for anthocyanidins. ACAF and carajurin showed selectivity against intracellular amastigote forms (SI> 10), with low cytotoxicity within 24 h, a statistically significant reduction in all infection parameters, and induced nitrite production. Molecular docking studies were developed to understand a possible mechanism of activation of the nitric oxide synthase enzyme, which leads to an increase in the production of nitric oxide observed in the other experiments reported. These results encourage us to suggest carajurin as a biological marker of A. chica.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Victor Silva-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Carla J Moragas-Tellis
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute - Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Maria S S Chagas
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute - Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Victor R Souza
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute - Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Student on Postgraduate Program in Translational Research in Drugs and Medicines, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Davyson L Moreira
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute - Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Research Directorate of the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden Research Institute, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22460-030, Brazil.
| | - Celeste S F de Souza
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Kerolain F Teixeira
- Department of Exact Sciences and Education. Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau, SC, Brazil.
| | - Arthur R Cenci
- Department of Exact Sciences and Education. Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau, SC, Brazil.
| | - Aldo S de Oliveira
- Department of Exact Sciences and Education. Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau, SC, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Almeida-Souza
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Animal Science, State University of Maranhão, São Luis, MA, Brazil.
| | - Maria D Behrens
- Laboratory of Natural Products for Public Health, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute - Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Kátia S Calabrese
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Protozoology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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14
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Polat E, Kang K. Natural Photosensitizers in Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy. Biomedicines 2021; 9:584. [PMID: 34063973 PMCID: PMC8224061 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Health problems and reduced treatment effectiveness due to antimicrobial resistance have become important global problems and are important factors that negatively affect life expectancy. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) is constantly evolving and can minimize this antimicrobial resistance problem. Reactive oxygen species produced when nontoxic photosensitizers are exposed to light are the main functional components of APDT responsible for microbial destruction; therefore, APDT has a broad spectrum of target pathogens, such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Various photosensitizers, including natural extracts, compounds, and their synthetic derivatives, are being investigated. The main limitations, such as weak antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, solubility, specificity, and cost, encourage the exploration of new photosensitizer candidates. Many additional methods, such as cell surface engineering, cotreatment with membrane-damaging agents, nanotechnology, computational simulation, and sonodynamic therapy, are also being investigated to develop novel APDT methods with improved properties. In this review, we summarize APDT research, focusing on natural photosensitizers used in in vitro and in vivo experimental models. In addition, we describe the limitations observed for natural photosensitizers and the methods developed to counter those limitations with emerging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Polat
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Gangwon-do, Korea;
| | - Kyungsu Kang
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Gangwon-do, Korea;
- Division of Bio-Medical Science Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Gangneung 25451, Gangwon-do, Korea
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15
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Wojdyło A, Nowicka P, Tkacz K, Turkiewicz IP. Fruit tree leaves as unconventional and valuable source of chlorophyll and carotenoid compounds determined by liquid chromatography-photodiode-quadrupole/time of flight-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-PDA-qTof-ESI-MS). Food Chem 2021; 349:129156. [PMID: 33581431 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study focused on the identification (by LC-PDA-qTof-ESI-MS) and quantification (by UPLC-PDA) of isoprenoids of the fruit tree leaves (FTL) of commonly consumed fruits: apple, pears, quince, apricot, peach, plums, sweet and sour cherry. The FTL were collected at 2 time points: after tree blooming and after fruit collection. In FTL 7 carotenoids and 16 chlorophylls were identified, but the number of labeled chlorophyll compounds depended on the species. FTL of apple, sour cherry and apricot were identified as the best sources of chlorophylls (mean 404.8, 388.7 and 364.5 mg/100 g dw, respectively) and sweet and sour cherry leaves as the best sources of carotenoids (831.4 and 1162.0 mg/100 g dw, respectively). A lower content of chlorophylls and carotenoids, but not significantly, was detected in leaves after autumn collection of fruits compared to leaves collected after blooming. Fruit tree leaves are good material for isolation of chlorophylls and carotenoids for application in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals or in the food industry, e.g. production of beverages or puree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Wojdyło
- Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, 37 Chełmońskiego Street, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Paulina Nowicka
- Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, 37 Chełmońskiego Street, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Karolina Tkacz
- Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, 37 Chełmońskiego Street, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Igor Piotr Turkiewicz
- Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, 37 Chełmońskiego Street, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
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Castañeda JS, Suta-Velásquez M, Mateus J, Pardo-Rodriguez D, Puerta CJ, Cuéllar A, Robles J, Cuervo C. Preliminary chemical characterization of ethanolic extracts from Colombian plants with promising anti - Trypanosoma cruzi activity. Exp Parasitol 2021; 223:108079. [PMID: 33524381 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2021.108079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, and it is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Latin America. There are no vaccines, and the chemotherapy available to treat this infection has serious side effects. In a search for alternative treatments, we determined the in vitro susceptibility of epimastigote and trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi and the cytotoxic effects on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of ethanolic extracts obtained from six different plant species. The ethanolic extracts of Ageratina vacciniaefolia, Clethra fimbriata and Siparuna sessiliflora showed antiprotozoal activity against epimastigotes and low cytotoxicity in mammalian cells. However, only the ethanolic extract of C. fimbriata showed activity against T. cruzi trypomastigotes, and it had low cytotoxicity in PBMCs. An analysis on the phytochemical composition of C. fimbriata extract showed that its metabolites were primarily represented by two families of compounds: flavonoids and terpenoids. Lastly, we analyzed whether the A. vacciniaefolia, C. fimbriata, or S. sessiliflora ethanolic extracts induced IFN-γ or TNF-α production. Significantly, ethanolic extracts of C. fimbriata induced TNF-α production and S. sessiliflora induced both cytokines. In addition, C. fimbriata and S. sessiliflora induced the simultaneous secretion of IFN-γ and TNF-α in CD8+ T cells. The antiprotozoal and immunomodulatory activity of C. fimbriata may be related to the presence of flavonoid and triterpene compounds in the extract. Thus, these findings suggest that C. fimbriata may represent a valuable source of new bioactive compounds for the therapeutic treatment of Chagas disease that combines trypanocidal activity with the capacity to boost the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sebastián Castañeda
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - María Suta-Velásquez
- Grupo de Inmunobiología y Biología Celular, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jose Mateus
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Grupo de Inmunobiología y Biología Celular, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Daniel Pardo-Rodriguez
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Grupo de Investigación Fitoquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (GIFUJ), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Concepción J Puerta
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Adriana Cuéllar
- Grupo de Inmunobiología y Biología Celular, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jorge Robles
- Grupo de Investigación Fitoquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (GIFUJ), Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Claudia Cuervo
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
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Photothermally enhanced photodynamic therapy based on glutathione-responsive pheophorbide a-conjugated gold nanorod formulations for cancer theranostic applications. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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18
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da Silva Souza Campanholi K, Jaski JM, da Silva Junior RC, Zanqui AB, Lazarin-Bidóia D, da Silva CM, da Silva EA, Hioka N, Nakamura CV, Cardozo-Filho L, Caetano W. Photodamage on Staphylococcus aureus by natural extract from Tetragonia tetragonoides (Pall.) Kuntze: Clean method of extraction, characterization and photophysical studies. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 203:111763. [PMID: 31931382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinical modality that allows the destruction of tumor cells and microorganisms by reactive oxygen species, formed by the combination of photosensitizer (PS), molecular oxygen and adequate wavelength light. This research, through a clean methodology that involves pressurized liquids extraction (PLE), obtained a highly antimicrobial extract of Tetragonia tetragonoides, which rich in chlorophylls as photosensitizers. The Chlorophylls-based extract (Cbe-PLE) presented pharmacological safety, through the maintenance of cellular viability. In addition, Cbe-PLE showed great efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus, with severe dose-dependent damage to the cell wall of the pathogen. The obtained product has a high potential for the development of photostimulated phytotherapic formulations for clinical applications in localized infections, as a complementary therapeutic alternative to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonas Marcelo Jaski
- Department of Agronomy, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Beatriz Zanqui
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Edson Antonio da Silva
- State University of Western Paraná, 645 Faculdade Street, 85903-000, Toledo, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Noboru Hioka
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Department of Microbiology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Lucio Cardozo-Filho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Wilker Caetano
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil
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Sesquiterpene lactone potentiates the immunomodulatory, antiparasitic and cardioprotective effects on anti-Trypanosoma cruzi specific chemotherapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 77:105961. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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20
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Vasconcelos CC, Lopes AJO, Sousa ELF, Camelo DS, Lima FCVM, Rocha CQD, Silva GEB, Garcia JBS, Cartágenes MDSDS. Effects of Extract of Arrabidaea chica Verlot on an Experimental Model of Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4717. [PMID: 31547612 PMCID: PMC6801924 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the analgesic potential of Arrabidaea chica extract (EHA) as an alternative to osteoarthritis (OA) treatment. Thus, the extract was initially evaluated by the cyclooxygenase inhibition test. The analgesic effect of the extract, in vivo, was also verified in a model of OA induced by sodium monoiodoacetate (2 mg). EHA was administered to rats at doses of 50, 150, and 450 mg/kg between 3 and 25 days after OA induction. The animals were clinically evaluated every 7 days, euthanized at 29 days, and the liver, spleen, kidney and knee collected for histopathological analysis. The chemical composition of EHA was identified by HPLC-MS and the identified compounds submitted to molecular docking study. The results showed that the extract promoted cyclooxygenase inhibition and produced significant improvements in disability, motor activity, hyperalgesia, and OA-induced allodynia parameters, in addition to improvements in the radiological condition of the knees (but not observed in the histopathological study). Chemically the extract is rich in flavonoids. Among them, we evidence that amentoflavone showed very favorable interactions with the enzyme COX-2 in the in silico analysis. Thus, it is concluded that A. chica has important analgesic properties for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleydlenne Costa Vasconcelos
- Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, São Luís, MA 65085-580, Brazil.
| | - Alberto Jorge Oliveira Lopes
- Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, São Luís, MA 65085-580, Brazil.
| | - Emerson Lucas Frazão Sousa
- Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, São Luís, MA 65085-580, Brazil.
| | - Darleno Sousa Camelo
- Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, São Luís, MA 65085-580, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Gyl Eanes Barros Silva
- Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, São Luís, MA 65085-580, Brazil.
| | - João Batista Santos Garcia
- Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, São Luís, MA 65085-580, Brazil.
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Siewert B, Stuppner H. The photoactivity of natural products - An overlooked potential of phytomedicines? PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 60:152985. [PMID: 31257117 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photoactivity, though known for centuries, is only recently shifting back into focus as a treatment option against cancer and microbial infections. The external factor light is the ingenious key-component of this therapy: Since light activates the drug locally, a high level of selectivity is reached and side effects are avoided. The first reported photoactive medicines were plant extracts. Synthetic entities (so-called photosensitizers PSs), however, paved the route towards the clinical approval of the so-called photodynamic therapy (PDT), and thus natural PSs took a backseat in the past. HYPOTHESIS Many isolated bioactive phytochemicals hold a hidden photoactive potential, which is overlooked due to the reduced common awareness of photoactivity. METHODS A systematic review of reported natural PSs and their supposed medicinal application was conducted by employing PubMed, Scifinder, and Web of Science. The identified photoactive natural products were compiled including information about their natural sources, their photoyield, and their pharmacological application. Furthermore, the common chemical scaffolds of natural PS are shown to enable the reader to recognize potentially overlooked natural PSs. RESULTS The literature review revealed over 100 natural PS, excluding porphyrins. The PSs were classified according to their scaffold. Thereby it was shown that some PS-scaffolds were analyzed in a detailed way, while other classes were only scarcely investigated, which leaves space for future discoveries. In addition, the literature revealed that many PSs are phytoalexins, thus the selection of the starting material significantly matters in order to find new PSs. CONCLUSION Photoactive principles are ubiquitous and can be found in various plant extracts. With the increasing availability of light-irradiation setups for the identification of photoactive natural products, we anticipate the discovery of many new natural PSs in the near future. With the accumulation of chemically diverse PSs, PDT itself might finally reach its clinical breakthrough as a promising alternative treatment against multi-resistant microbes and cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianka Siewert
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, Innsbruck, 6020 Austria.
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, Innsbruck, 6020 Austria
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22
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de Morais FAP, Enumo A, Gonçalves RS, Cesar GB, Miranda N, Vilsinski BH, da Silva Junior RC, Nakamura CV, Hioka N, Caetano W. Hypericin photodynamic activity. Part III: in vitro evaluation in different nanocarriers against trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:487-494. [PMID: 30534717 DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00444g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chagas is a parasitic endemic disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. It represents a strong threat to public health due to its strong resistance against commonly available drugs. We studied the in vitro ability to inactivate the trypomastigote form of this parasite using photodynamic inactivation of microorganisms (or antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy, aPDT). For this, we chose to use the photosensitizer hypericin (Hyp) formulated in ethanol/water (1% v/v) and Hyp loaded in the dispersion of different aqueous nanocarrier systems. These included polymeric micelles of F-127 and P-123 (both Pluronic™ surfactants), and liposomal vesicles of phospholipid 2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC). These systems with Hyp had their activity compared against trypomastigote forms under light and in the dark. Hyp revealed a high level of effectiveness to eradicate protozoa in vitro. Samples at concentrations higher than 0.8 μmol L-1 of Hyp in Pluronic micelles showed efficacy even in the dark, with the EC50 around (6-8) μmol L-1. Therefore, Hyp/Pluronics can be used also as a chemotherapeutic agent. The best result for EC50 is at approximately 0.31 μmol L-1 for illuminated systems of Hyp in F-127 micelles. For Hyp in P-123 micelles under light, the results also led to a low EC50 value of 0.36 μmol L-1. The highest value of EC50 was 2.22 μmol L-1, which was found for Hyp/DPPC liposomes under light. For the Hyp-free (ethanol/water, 1% v/v)/illuminated group, the EC50 value was 0.37 μmol L-1, which also is a value that shows effectiveness. However, in free-form, Hyp is not protected against blood components, unlike when Hyp is loaded into the nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adalberto Enumo
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriel Batista Cesar
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Nathielle Miranda
- Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Noboru Hioka
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Wilker Caetano
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil
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Kim MJ, Kim HJ, Han JS. Pheophorbide A from Gelidium amansii improves postprandial hyperglycemia in diabetic mice through α-glucosidase inhibition. Phytother Res 2019; 33:702-707. [PMID: 30648298 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to determine the inhibitory effects of pheophorbide A on carbohydrate digesting enzymes and its ability to improve postprandial hyperglycemia in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Pheophorbide A caused noticeable inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase and α-amylase, with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50 ) of 80.65 ± 5.90 and 76.48 ± 6.31 μM, respectively. The pheophorbide-mediated inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase was significantly more effective than that of the positive control, acarbose. The increase in postprandial blood glucose levels was more significantly suppressed in the pheophorbide A group than in the control group of STZ-induced diabetic mice. In addition, the area under the curve was decreased by pheophorbide A intake in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Our results suggested that pheophorbide A may help to improve postprandial hyperglycemia by inhibiting the activity of carbohydrate digesting enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jung Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Hak Ju Kim
- Seojin Biotech Co., Ltd., Research Center, Yongin, Gyeoggi, Korea
| | - Ji Sook Han
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
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Moncada-Basualto M, Matsuhiro B, Mansilla A, Lapier M, Maya J, Olea-Azar C. Supramolecular hydrogels of β-cyclodextrin linked to calcium homopoly-l-guluronate for release of coumarins with trypanocidal activity. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 204:170-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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