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Alanazi AM, Khan AA, Siddiqui YTS, Leemani MJ, Shabbir T, Ali S. Photoactivated rose bengal-doped TiO 2 nanoparticles modified fifth-generation adhesive on the survival rate of Streptococcus mutants and mechanical properties of tooth-colored restorative material to carious dentin. Microsc Res Tech 2024. [PMID: 39056241 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Assessment of the antimicrobial, micro tensile bond strength (μTBS), and degree of conversion (DC) of fifth-generation adhesive modified using photoactivated 0.5% rose bengal (RB) and photoactivated RB-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) in different concentrations (2% and 5%) as compared with the unmodified adhesive bonded to the carious affected dentin (CAD). Forty mandibular molars with caries progression up to the middle third of the dentin, as per the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) score of 4 and 5 were included. Specimens were divided into four groups based on etch and rinse adhesive (ERA) modification group 1: unmodified ERA, group 2: photoactivated 0.5% RB photosensitizer (PS) modified ERA, group 3: photoactivated RB-doped 2 wt% TiO2NPs adhesive, group 4: photoactivated RB-doped 5 wt% TiO2NPs adhesive. Followed by adhesive and composite restoration on the CAD surface. All the specimens were thermocycled and an assessment of μTBS and failure pattern analysis was performed. The antibacterial potency of RB and RB-doped TiO2NPs (2% and 5%) followed by their activation using visible light against Streptococcus mutans (S.mutans) were tested. The survival rate of S.mutans was assessed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The analysis of μTBS involved the use of ANOVA, followed by a post-hoc Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) multiple comparisons test. Group 1 (Unmodified ERA) (0.52 ± 0.31 CFU/mL) treated samples unveiled the highest means of bacterial survival and lowest μTBS (11.32 ± 0.63 MPa). Nevertheless, group 4: photoactivated RB-doped 5 wt% TiO2NPs adhesive displayed the lowest outcomes of S.mutans survival (0.11 ± 0.02 CFU/mL) and highest bond strength (18.76 ± 1.45 MPa). The photoactivated RB-doped 2 wt% TiO2NPs in adhesive demonstrated promising enhancements in both μTBS and antibacterial efficacy against S.mutans. However, it is noteworthy that this modification led to a decrease in the DC of the adhesive. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Unmodified ERA-treated samples unveiled the highest bacterial survival and the lowest μTBS. Photoactivated RB-doped 5 wt% TiO2NPs adhesive displayed the lowest S.mutans survival rate and highest bond strength. DC decreased with an increase in concentration of TiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer M Alanazi
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azmat Ali Khan
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Tooba Shabbir
- Altamash Institute Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Ali
- Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
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Piksa M, Lian C, Samuel IC, Pawlik KJ, Samuel IDW, Matczyszyn K. The role of the light source in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:1697-1722. [PMID: 36779328 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01051k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) is a promising approach to fight the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance that threatens health care, food security and agriculture. APDT uses light to excite a light-activated chemical (photosensitiser), leading to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Many APDT studies confirm its efficacy in vitro and in vivo against bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites. However, the development of the field is focused on exploring potential targets and developing new photosensitisers. The role of light, a crucial element for ROS production, has been neglected. What are the main parameters essential for effective photosensitiser activation? Does an optimal light radiant exposure exist? And finally, which light source is best? Many reports have described the promising antibacterial effects of APDT in vitro, however, its application in vivo, especially in clinical settings remains very limited. The restricted availability may partially be due to a lack of standard conditions or protocols, arising from the diversity of selected photosensitising agents (PS), variable testing conditions including light sources used for PS activation and methods of measuring anti-bacterial activity and their effectiveness in treating bacterial infections. We thus sought to systematically review and examine the evidence from existing studies on APDT associated with the light source used. We show how the reduction of pathogens depends on the light source applied, radiant exposure and irradiance of light used, and type of pathogen, and so critically appraise the current state of development of APDT and areas to be addressed in future studies. We anticipate that further standardisation of the experimental conditions will help the field advance, and suggest key optical and biological parameters that should be reported in all APDT studies. More in vivo and clinical studies are needed and are expected to be facilitated by advances in light sources, leading to APDT becoming a sustainable, alternative therapeutic option for bacterial and other microbial infections in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Piksa
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Cheng Lian
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9SS, UK.
| | - Imogen C Samuel
- School of Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Krzysztof J Pawlik
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ifor D W Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9SS, UK.
| | - Katarzyna Matczyszyn
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Triple-negative breast cancer treatment in xenograft models by bifunctional nanoprobes combined to photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 38:102796. [PMID: 35263669 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) overexpresses the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), a characteristic of different types of tumors, linked to worse disease prognosis and risk of recurrence. Conventional treatments are aggressive and, on several occasions, have a poor prognosis, which may be related to the clinical heterogeneity of tumors, among other factors. Therefore, the improvement and development of new methods are notorious. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is an effective method for treating different types of cancer by using radiation to activate a photosensitizing agent (drug) in molecular oxygen presence, promoting cell death. Aiming to urge new treatments against breast cancer, drug uptake in target cells could contribute to PDT efficiency. This association is less invasive and has fewer side effects, increasing quality of life and survival rate. Accordingly, we developed a bifunctional nanoprobe (BN), used in PDT as an alternative treatment method in vivo against breast cancer. The BN uses gold nanoparticles with active targeting through the Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) protein and Chlorine e6 (Ce6) carriers. We evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of in vivo xenograft in 4 groups: Saline, BN, Ce6+PDT, and BN+PDT. As a result, we observed that the BN+PDT group exhibited an excellent effect with greater selectivity to tumor tissue and tissue damage when compared to the Saline, BN, and Ce6+PDT groups. The results indicate a potential impact on breast cancer treatment in vivo, promising therapeutic benefits against cancer. In conclusion, our data propose that the BN developed heightened PDT efficacy through cellular DNA repair effects and tumor microenvironment.
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Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica Coated Gold Nanorods Loaded with Methylene Blue and Its Potentials in Antibacterial Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11051338. [PMID: 34069626 PMCID: PMC8160648 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the successful preparation and characterization of gold nanorods (AuNRs) coated with a mesoporous silica shell (AuNRs@Simes) was achieved. Conjugation with methylene blue (MB) as a model drug using ultrasound-stimulated loading has been explored for further application in light-mediated antibacterial studies. Lyophilization of this conjugated nanosystem was analyzed using trehalose (TRH) as a cryogenic protector. The obtained stable dry formulation shows potent antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria after a simple post-treatment irradiation method with a red laser during a short time period.
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Kamran MA, Qasim M, Udeabor SE, Hameed MS, Mannakandath ML, Alshahrani I. Impact of riboflavin mediated photodynamic disinfection around fixed orthodontic system infected with oral bacteria. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 34:102232. [PMID: 33631380 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this laboratory study was to investigate the amount of bacterial destruction through riboflavin mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) around fixed orthodontic devices by using the two strains of bacteria Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 80 metallic brackets were divided into four groups consisting of 20 brackets each. Group-I: riboflavin + LED irradiation; Group-II: riboflavin alone; Group-III: immersion in 0.2 % chlorhexidine gluconate solution and Group-IV: not submitted to any treatment. All metallic brackets were immersed in the standard bacterial solutions and incubated at 48 h. All samples were subjected to MTT assay for microbial cell viability testing after treatment. After 24 h of incubation, biofilms adhered on the mesh of metallic brackets after treatment were assessed by confocal laser microscopy. The total CFU/mL was estimated, and the results were log-transformed (log10) and analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey-Kramer test. P-value was set to <0.05 that indicated statistical significance. RESULTS The samples from group-IV showed the highest amount of relative biofilm viability compared to any other group while group-I (PDT) showed the least viability of the two bacterial strains studied (p < 0.05). Group-I showed no significant difference when compared with group-III (chlorhexidine) (p > 0.05). The biofilms on the samples from group-II and group-IV were largely viable indicating thick green staining across the mesh of the brackets. Among the group-III samples, there were predominantly dead cells as compared to the live cell staining. A considerable amount of red staining was observed with noticeable less green staining in group-I samples. CONCLUSION This laboratory investigation revealed that riboflavin mediated PDT significantly reduced the amounts of S. mutans and S. sanguinis around the orthodontic brackets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abdullah Kamran
- Department of Pediatric and Orthodontic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences (Operative Dentistry), College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samuel Ebele Udeabor
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Shahul Hameed
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences and Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Master Luqman Mannakandath
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Alshahrani
- Department of Pediatric and Orthodontic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Hirose M, Yoshida Y, Horii K, Hasegawa Y, Shibuya Y. Efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with Rose Bengal and blue light against cariogenic bacteria. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 122:105024. [PMID: 33352361 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.105024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated the effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (a-PDT) with Rose Bengal and blue light LED on bacteria that initiate and promote dental caries. DESIGN Colony forming units of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Lactobacillus salivarius under planktonic and biofilm conditions were counted after a-PDT treatment using Rose Bengal and blue light LED. In addition, cariogenic bacteria from saliva and dental plaques from ten volunteers were used for evaluation of a-PDT treatment. RESULTS We found that a-PDT using Rose Bengal at > 10 μg/mL had antimicrobial effects on oral Gram-positive S. mutans, S. sobrinus, S. sanguinis, and L. salivarius under both planktonic and biofilm conditions. The effect was also observed for cariogenic bacteria that formed biofilms containing water-insoluble glucans, through which the bacteria are firmly attached to the tooth surface. Moreover, a-PDT led to a marked reduction in cariogenic bacteria in saliva and dental plaques. CONCLUSION a-PDT could be a useful approach for controlling dental caries in dental surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Hirose
- Department of Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuo Yoshida
- Department of Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Kouichiro Horii
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Hasegawa
- Department of Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Shibuya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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Does pre-irradiation time influence the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy? Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 31:101884. [PMID: 32590165 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has emerged as a promising antimicrobial treatment to control microorganisms including those involved in oral diseases, especially dental caries. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of aPDT - pre-irradiation time (PIT), at different periods, on antimicrobial rate of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). A standard suspension of S. mutans UA159 was prepared and submitted at sensitization of 0.005 % methylene blue (MB) for 0, 1, 3 and 5 min (G1 - G4 groups, respectively) and irradiated with a red laser (660 nm; 321 J/cm2; 9 J; 90 s) afterward. A control group using PBS instead of MB was performed as well (G5). The number of colony-forming units (CFU)/mL was recorded, transformed into log10 and analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test at a cutoff value at 0.05. Overall, the aPDT groups tested achieved a bacterial reduction > 1-log10 when compared to G5 (p < 0.05) with no statistical difference among the different PIT tested. The need of PIT before aPDT application deserves attention, since its time reduction implies on shorter clinical approaches without compromising the photodynamic antibacterial efficacy in the in vitro parameters employed.
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Exposure of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis to blue light in an oral biofilm model. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:709-718. [PMID: 31713778 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02903-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The potential anti-cariogenic effect of blue light was evaluated using an oral biofilm model. Two species, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis, were cultivated ex vivo on bovine enamel blocks for 24 h, either separately or mixed together, then exposed to blue light (wavelengths 400-500 nm) using 112 J/cm2. Twenty four or 48 h after exposure to light the biofilm structure and biomass were characterized and quantified using SEM and qPCR, respectively. Bacterial viability was analyzed by CLSM using live/dead bacterial staining. Gene expression was examined by RT-qPCR. After exposure to light, S. mutans biomass in mono-species biofilm was increased mainly by dead bacteria, relative to control. However, the bacterial biomass of S. mutans when grown in mixed biofilm and of S. sanguinis in mono-species biofilm was reduced after light exposure, with no significant change in viability when compared to control. Furthermore, when grown separately, an upregulation of gene expression related to biofilm formation of S. mutans, and downregulation of similar genes of S. sanguinis, were measured 24 h after exposure to blue light. However, in mixed biofilm, a downregulation of those genes in both species was observed, although not significant in S. mutans. In conclusion, blue light seems to effectively alter the bacterial biomass by reducing the viability and virulence characteristics in both bacterial species and may promote the anti-cariogenic balance between them, when grown in a mixed biofilm. Therefore, exposure of oral biofilm to blue light has the potential to serve as a complementary approach in preventive dentistry.
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de Oliveira AB, Ferrisse TM, Marques RS, de Annunzio SR, Brighenti FL, Fontana CR. Effect of Photodynamic Therapy on Microorganisms Responsible for Dental Caries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143585. [PMID: 31340425 PMCID: PMC6678311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature followed by a meta-analysis about the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the microorganisms responsible for dental caries. The research question and the keywords were constructed according to the PICO strategy. The article search was done in Embase, Lilacs, Scielo, Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Pubmed databases. Randomized clinical trials and in vitro studies were selected in the review. The study was conducted according the PRISMA guideline for systematic review. A total of 34 articles were included in the qualitative analysis and four articles were divided into two subgroups to perform the meta-analysis. Few studies have achieved an effective microbial reduction in microorganisms associated with the pathogenesis of dental caries. The results highlight that there is no consensus about the study protocols for PDT against cariogenic microorganisms, although the results showed the PDT could be a good alternative for the treatment of dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analú Barros de Oliveira
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Túlio Morandin Ferrisse
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Raquel Souza Marques
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, São Paulo 14801-903, Brazil
| | - Sarah Raquel de Annunzio
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903, Brazil
| | | | - Carla Raquel Fontana
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903, Brazil.
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Silva AF, Santos AR, Trevisan DAC, Bonin E, Freitas CF, Batista AFP, Hioka N, Simões M, Graton Mikcha JM. Xanthene Dyes and Green
LED
for the Inactivation of Foodborne Pathogens in Planktonic and Biofilm States. Photochem Photobiol 2019; 95:1230-1238. [DOI: 10.1111/php.13104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Fiori Silva
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine State University of Maringá Maringá, Paraná Brazil
| | - Adriele Rodrigues Santos
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine State University of Maringá Maringá, Paraná Brazil
| | | | - Edineia Bonin
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine State University of Maringá Maringá, Paraná Brazil
| | | | | | - Noboru Hioka
- Department of Chemistry State University of Maringa Maringá Brazil
| | - Manuel Simões
- LEPABE Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Porto Portugal
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Silva AF, Borges A, Freitas CF, Hioka N, Mikcha JMG, Simões M. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation Mediated by Rose Bengal and Erythrosine Is Effective in the Control of Food-Related Bacteria in Planktonic and Biofilm States. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092288. [PMID: 30205468 PMCID: PMC6225188 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermal and chemical-based methods applied for microbial control in the food industry are not always environmentally friendly and may change the nutritional and organoleptic characteristics of the final products. Moreover, the efficacy of sanitizing agents may be reduced when microbial cells are enclosed in biofilms. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of photodynamic inactivation, using two xanthene dyes (rose bengal and erythrosine) as photosensitizing agents and green LED as a light source, against Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria innocua, Enterococcus hirae and Escherichia coli in both planktonic and biofilm states. Both photosensitizing agents were able to control planktonic cells of all bacteria tested. The treatments altered the physicochemical properties of cells surface and also induced potassium leakage, indicating damage of cell membranes. Although higher concentrations of the photosensitizing agents (ranging from 0.01 to 50.0 μmol/L) were needed to be applied, the culturability of biofilm cells was reduced to undetectable levels. This finding was confirmed by the live/dead staining, where propidium iodide-labeled bacteria numbers reached up to 100%. The overall results demonstrated that photoinactivation by rose bengal and erythrosine may be a powerful candidate for the control of planktonic cells and biofilms in the food sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Fiori Silva
- Postgraduate Program of Health Sciences, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Anabela Borges
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Camila Fabiano Freitas
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringa, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Noboru Hioka
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringa, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Jane Martha Graton Mikcha
- Postgraduate Program of Health Sciences, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Manuel Simões
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
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Pérez-Laguna V, García-Malinis AJ, Aspiroz C, Rezusta A, Gilaberte Y. Antimicrobial effects of photodynamic therapy. GIORN ITAL DERMAT V 2018; 153:833-846. [PMID: 29683289 DOI: 10.23736/s0392-0488.18.06007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The microorganisms that cause infections are increasing their resistance to antibiotics. In this context, alternative treatments are necessary. The antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a therapeutic modality based on photosensitizing molecules that end up generating reactive oxygen species that induce the destruction of the target cells when are irradiated with light of a suitable wavelength and at a proper dose. The cells targeted by aPDT are all types of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi and parasites) including viruses and has been proven effective against representative members of all of them. In the field of dermatology, aPDT has been tested with promising results in different infections such as chronic ulcers, acne, onychomycosis and other cutaneous mycoses, as well as in leishmaniasis. Therefore, it is presented as a possible treatment option against the agents that cause skin and/or mucous infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carmen Aspiroz
- Unit of Microbiology, Hospital Royo Villanova, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Antonio Rezusta
- IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain.,Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Yolanda Gilaberte
- IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain - .,Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
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