1
|
Nie M, Yang J, Rastelli ANDS, Shen Y, Deng D. Oxygen Availability on the Application of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy against Multi-Species Biofilms. Pathogens 2023; 12:904. [PMID: 37513751 PMCID: PMC10384119 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12070904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylene blue (MB)- or Curcumin (Cur)-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used as an adjunctive treatment for periodontitis. Its actual clinical efficacy is still in question because the lack of oxygen in a deep periodontal pocket might reduce the PDT efficacy. We aim to investigate the effect of oxygen on PDT efficacy and to examine if the addition of hydrogen peroxide (HP) could improve PDT performance anaerobically. To this end, we cultured 48 h saliva-derived multi-species biofilms and treated the biofilms with 25 µM MB or 40 µM Cur, HP (0.001%, 0.01% and 0.1%), light (L-450 nm or L-660 nm), or combinations thereof under ambient air or strictly anaerobic conditions. MB- and Cur-PDTs significantly reduced biofilm viability in air but not under anaerobic conditions. HP at 0.1% significantly enhanced the killing efficacies of both MB- and Cur-PDTs anaerobically. The killing efficacy of Cur-PDT combined with 0.1% HP was higher anaerobically than in air. However, this was not the case for MB-PDT combined with 0.1% HP. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the biofilm killing efficacies of MB- and Cur-PDTs diminished when there was no oxygen. HP at 0.1% can enhance the efficacy of PDT performed anaerobically, but the level of enhancement is photosensitizer-dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Nie
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou 510182, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jingmei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Yuqin Shen
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Dongmei Deng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nie M, Silva RCE, de Oliveira KT, Bagnato VS, de Souza Rastelli AN, Crielaard W, Yang J, Deng DM. Synergetic antimicrobial effect of chlorin e6 and hydrogen peroxide on multi-species biofilms. BIOFOULING 2021; 37:656-665. [PMID: 34304642 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2021.1954169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been considered as a potential alternative to antibiotics for the treatment of biofilm infections. There is evidence that an additional H2O2 enhances the antimicrobial efficacy of aPDT. However, the minimum H2O2 concentration to achieve this synergistic effect is unclear. A saliva-derived multi-species biofilm was treated with the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6, 50 µM), H2O2 (0.3, 3.3, 33.3 mM), or their combination for 5 min, followed by no irradiation or irradiation at 15 J (cm2)-1 (λ = 450 nm or 660 nm), with or without oxygen. Biofilm viability and metabolic activity were evaluated. The combination of 33.3 mM H2O2 and Ce6-aPDT strongly enhanced antimicrobial efficacy compared with either component alone, irrespective of oxygen availability and irradiation wavelength. In particular, the combination resulted in a 6.6-log colony forming unit (CFU) reduction anaerobically under blue irradiation. This combination is a promising treatment for biofilm infections, especially those thriving in an anaerobic microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Nie
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rodrigo Costa E Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Wim Crielaard
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jingmei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Mei Deng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
de Paula GS, Oliveira MC, Sales LS, Boriollo M, Rodrigues LKA, Nobre-Dos-Santos M, Steiner-Oliveira C. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy mediated by methylene blue coupled to β-cyclodextrin reduces early colonizing microorganisms from the oral biofilm. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 34:102283. [PMID: 33813017 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (A-PDT) on the oral biofilm formed with early colonizing microorganisms, using the photosensitizer methylene blue coupled with β-cyclodextrin nanoparticles and red light sources laser or LED (λ =660 nm). METHODS The groups were divided into (n = 3, in triplicate): C (negative control, 0.9 % NaCl), CX (positive control, 0.2 % chlorhexidine), P (Photosensitizer/Nanoparticle), L (Laser), LED (light-emitting diode), LP (Laser + Photosensitizer/Nanoparticle) and LEDP (LED + Photosensitizer/Nanoparticle). A multispecies biofilm composed ofS. gordonii, S. oralis, S. mitis, and S. sanguinis was grown in microplates containing BHI supplemented with 1% sucrose (w/v) for 24 h. Light irradiations were applied with a laser at 9 J for 90 s (320 J/cm2), or with LED, at 8.1 J for 90 s (8.1 J/cm2). The microbial reduction was assessed by counting viable biofilm microorganisms in selective culture media, before and after the treatments. Data normality was assessed by the Shapiro-Wilk test, and the results were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis analysis, followed by Dunn's test, with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS The groups LP and LEDP were able to significantly reduce the biofilm microorganism counts by as much as 4 log10 times compared to the negative control group (p < 0.05) and did not statistically differ from the positive control group (CX) (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION The A-PDT mediated by encapsulated β-cyclodextrin methylene blue irradiated by Laser or LED was effective in the microbial reduction of multispecies biofilm composed of early colonizing microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Santana de Paula
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Av. Limeira, 901 - Areião, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil.
| | - Mateus Cardoso Oliveira
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Av. Limeira, 901 - Areião, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil.
| | - Luciana Solera Sales
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Av. Limeira, 901 - Areião, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Boriollo
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Av. Limeira, 901 - Areião, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil.
| | - Lidiany Karla Azevedo Rodrigues
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Zip Code: 60430-170, Brazil.
| | - Marinês Nobre-Dos-Santos
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Av. Limeira, 901 - Areião, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil.
| | - Carolina Steiner-Oliveira
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Av. Limeira, 901 - Areião, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Silvestre ALP, Di Filippo LD, Besegato JF, de Annunzio SR, Almeida Furquim de Camargo B, de Melo PBG, Rastelli ANDS, Fontana CR, Chorilli M. Current applications of drug delivery nanosystems associated with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for oral infections. Int J Pharm 2021; 592:120078. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
5
|
Does pre-irradiation time influence the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy? Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 31:101884. [PMID: 32590165 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has emerged as a promising antimicrobial treatment to control microorganisms including those involved in oral diseases, especially dental caries. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of aPDT - pre-irradiation time (PIT), at different periods, on antimicrobial rate of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). A standard suspension of S. mutans UA159 was prepared and submitted at sensitization of 0.005 % methylene blue (MB) for 0, 1, 3 and 5 min (G1 - G4 groups, respectively) and irradiated with a red laser (660 nm; 321 J/cm2; 9 J; 90 s) afterward. A control group using PBS instead of MB was performed as well (G5). The number of colony-forming units (CFU)/mL was recorded, transformed into log10 and analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test at a cutoff value at 0.05. Overall, the aPDT groups tested achieved a bacterial reduction > 1-log10 when compared to G5 (p < 0.05) with no statistical difference among the different PIT tested. The need of PIT before aPDT application deserves attention, since its time reduction implies on shorter clinical approaches without compromising the photodynamic antibacterial efficacy in the in vitro parameters employed.
Collapse
|