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Wu X, Zhou Z, Li K, Liu S. Nanomaterials-Induced Redox Imbalance: Challenged and Opportunities for Nanomaterials in Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308632. [PMID: 38380505 PMCID: PMC11040387 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Cancer cells typically display redox imbalance compared with normal cells due to increased metabolic rate, accumulated mitochondrial dysfunction, elevated cell signaling, and accelerated peroxisomal activities. This redox imbalance may regulate gene expression, alter protein stability, and modulate existing cellular programs, resulting in inefficient treatment modalities. Therapeutic strategies targeting intra- or extracellular redox states of cancer cells at varying state of progression may trigger programmed cell death if exceeded a certain threshold, enabling therapeutic selectivity and overcoming cancer resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Nanotechnology provides new opportunities for modulating redox state in cancer cells due to their excellent designability and high reactivity. Various nanomaterials are widely researched to enhance highly reactive substances (free radicals) production, disrupt the endogenous antioxidant defense systems, or both. Here, the physiological features of redox imbalance in cancer cells are described and the challenges in modulating redox state in cancer cells are illustrated. Then, nanomaterials that regulate redox imbalance are classified and elaborated upon based on their ability to target redox regulations. Finally, the future perspectives in this field are proposed. It is hoped this review provides guidance for the design of nanomaterials-based approaches involving modulating intra- or extracellular redox states for cancer therapy, especially for cancers resistant to radiotherapy or chemotherapy, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xumeng Wu
- School of Life Science and TechnologyHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150006China
- Zhengzhou Research InstituteHarbin Institute of TechnologyZhengzhou450046China
| | - Ziqi Zhou
- Zhengzhou Research InstituteHarbin Institute of TechnologyZhengzhou450046China
- School of Medicine and HealthHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150006China
| | - Kai Li
- Zhengzhou Research InstituteHarbin Institute of TechnologyZhengzhou450046China
- School of Medicine and HealthHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150006China
| | - Shaoqin Liu
- School of Life Science and TechnologyHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150006China
- Zhengzhou Research InstituteHarbin Institute of TechnologyZhengzhou450046China
- School of Medicine and HealthHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150006China
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Krishna SBN, Jakmunee J, Mishra YK, Prakash J. ZnO based 0-3D diverse nano-architectures, films and coatings for biomedical applications. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:2950-2984. [PMID: 38426529 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00184b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Thin-film nano-architecting is a promising approach that controls the properties of nanoscale surfaces to increase their interdisciplinary applications in a variety of fields. In this context, zinc oxide (ZnO)-based various nano-architectures (0-3D) such as quantum dots, nanorods/nanotubes, nanothin films, tetrapods, nanoflowers, hollow structures, etc. have been extensively researched by the scientific community in the past decade. Owing to its unique surface charge transport properties, optoelectronic properties and reported biomedical applications, ZnO has been considered as one of the most important futuristic bio-nanomaterials. This review is focused on the design/synthesis and engineering of 0-3D nano-architecture ZnO-based thin films and coatings with tunable characteristics for multifunctional biomedical applications. Although ZnO has been extensively researched, ZnO thin films composed of 0-3D nanoarchitectures with promising thin film device bio-nanotechnology applications have rarely been reviewed. The current review focuses on important details about the technologies used to make ZnO-based thin films, as well as the customization of properties related to bioactivities, characterization, and device fabrication for modern biomedical uses that are relevant. It features biosensing, tissue engineering/wound healing, antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer activity, as well as biomedical diagnosis and therapy with an emphasis on a better understanding of the mechanisms of action. Eventually, key issues, experimental parameters and factors, open challenges, etc. in thin film device fabrications and applications, and future prospects will be discussed, followed by a summary and conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Babu Naidu Krishna
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban-4000, South Africa
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban-4000, South Africa
| | - Jaroon Jakmunee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- Mads Clausen Institute, NanoSYD, University of Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, 6400, Sønderborg, Denmark
| | - Jai Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Hamirpur, Hamirpur 177005, (H.P.), India.
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Wu J, Wei H, Wei Y, Deng T, Wang Y, Qiu Y, Zhang Y. Spatiotemporal Synergism in Osteomyelitis Treatment with Photoactivated Core-Shell Zinc Oxide/Silver Sulfide Heterogeneous Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:11194-11205. [PMID: 38391151 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Osteomyelitis is primarily caused by bacterial infections, and treatment requires precise sequential therapy, including antibacterial therapy in the early stages and bone defect reconstruction in later stages. We aimed to synthesize core-shell-structured zinc oxide/silver sulfide heterogeneous nanoparticles (ZnO/Ag2S NPs) using wet chemical methods. Using density functional theory and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, we showed that the optimized band structure endowed ZnO/Ag2S NPs with photodynamic properties under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation. Moreover, ZnO/Ag2S NPs exhibited a distinguished and stable photothermal performance within the same wavelength range. With single-wavelength irradiation, ZnO/Ag2S NPs achieved a bifunctional antibacterial effect during the acute stage of osteomyelitis. Antibacterial action was confirmed through colony-forming unit (CFU) counting assays, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) observations, live-dead staining, growth curves, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays. The Ag2S coating on the NPs realized the sustained release of zinc ions, thereby controlling the zinc ion concentration. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, alizarin red S (ARS) staining, and qPCR assays confirmed that the ZnO/Ag2S NPs exhibited good osteogenic effects in vitro. These effects were verified in an in vivo mouse femur model during chronic stages using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histological analysis. This study provides a novel biocompatible core-shell nanomaterial for the two-phase treatment of osteomyelitis, contributing to versatile nanotherapies for infections and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjiang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, People's Republic of China
- Medical Research Institute School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, People's Republic of China
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, People's Republic of China
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Joe A, Han HW, Lim YR, Manivasagan P, Jang ES. Triphenylphosphonium-Functionalized Gold Nanorod/Zinc Oxide Core-Shell Nanocomposites for Mitochondrial-Targeted Phototherapy. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:284. [PMID: 38399337 PMCID: PMC10893051 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Phototherapies, such as photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), combined with novel all-in-one light-responsive nanocomposites have recently emerged as new therapeutic modalities for the treatment of cancer. Herein, we developed novel all-in-one triphenylphosphonium-functionalized gold nanorod/zinc oxide core-shell nanocomposites (CTPP-GNR@ZnO) for mitochondrial-targeted PTT/PDT owing to their good biocompatibility, tunable and high optical absorption, photothermal conversion efficiency, highest reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and high mitochondrial-targeting capability. Under laser irradiation of 780 nm, the CTPP-GNR@ZnO core-shell nanocomposites effectively produced heat in addition to generating ROS to induce cell death, implying a synergistic effect of mild PTT and PDT in combating cancer. Notably, the in vitro PTT/PDT effect of CTPP-GNR@ZnO core-shell nanocomposites exhibited effective cell ablation (95%) and induced significant intracellular ROS after the 780 nm laser irradiation for 50 min, indicating that CTPP in CTPP-GNR@ZnO core-shell nanocomposites can specifically target the mitochondria of CT-26 cells, as well as generate heat and ROS to completely kill cancer cells. Overall, this light-responsive nanocomposite-based phototherapy provides a new approach for cancer synergistic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Eue-Soon Jang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 730-701, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea; (A.J.); (H.-W.H.); (Y.-R.L.) (P.M.)
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Pujari AK, Kaur R, Reddy YN, Paul S, Gogde K, Bhaumik J. Design and Synthesis of Metalloporphyrin Nanoconjugates for Dual Light-Responsive Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy. J Med Chem 2024; 67:2004-2018. [PMID: 38241140 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) utilizes photosensitizers (PSs) that eradicate a broad spectrum of bacteria in the presence of light and molecular oxygen. On the other hand, some light sources such as ultraviolet (UVB and UVC) have poor penetration and high cytotoxicity, leading to undesired PDT of the PSs. Herein, we have synthesized conjugatable mesosubstituted porphyrins and extensively characterized them. Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations revealed that metalloporphyrin EP (5) is a suitable candidate for further applications. Subsequently, the metalloporphyrin was conjugated with lignin-based zinc oxide nanocomposites (ZnOAL and ZnOKL) to develop hydrophilic nanoconjugates (ZnOAL@EP and ZnOKL@EP). Upon dual light (UV + green light) exposure, nanoconjugates showed enhanced singlet oxygen generation ability and also demonstrated pH responsiveness. These nanoconjugates displayed significantly improved APDT efficiency (4-7 fold increase) to treat bacterial infection under dual light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Pujari
- Department of Bioproduct Chemistry, Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Knowledge City, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140308, India
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Knowledge City, Sector 81, S. A. S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Ravneet Kaur
- Department of Bioproduct Chemistry, Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Knowledge City, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140308, India
| | - Yeddula Nikhileshwar Reddy
- Department of Bioproduct Chemistry, Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Knowledge City, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140308, India
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Knowledge City, Sector 81, S. A. S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Shatabdi Paul
- Department of Bioproduct Chemistry, Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Knowledge City, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140308, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | - Kunal Gogde
- Department of Bioproduct Chemistry, Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Knowledge City, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140308, India
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Jayeeta Bhaumik
- Department of Bioproduct Chemistry, Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Knowledge City, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140308, India
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Agiba AM, Arreola-Ramírez JL, Carbajal V, Segura-Medina P. Light-Responsive and Dual-Targeting Liposomes: From Mechanisms to Targeting Strategies. Molecules 2024; 29:636. [PMID: 38338380 PMCID: PMC10856102 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, nanocarriers have played an ever-increasing role in clinical and biomedical applications owing to their unique physicochemical properties and surface functionalities. Lately, much effort has been directed towards the development of smart, stimuli-responsive nanocarriers that are capable of releasing their cargos in response to specific stimuli. These intelligent-responsive nanocarriers can be further surface-functionalized so as to achieve active tumor targeting in a sequential manner, which can be simply modulated by the stimuli. By applying this methodological approach, these intelligent-responsive nanocarriers can be directed to different target-specific organs, tissues, or cells and exhibit on-demand controlled drug release that may enhance therapeutic effectiveness and reduce systemic toxicity. Light, an external stimulus, is one of the most promising triggers for use in nanomedicine to stimulate on-demand drug release from nanocarriers. Light-triggered drug release can be achieved through light irradiation at different wavelengths, either in the UV, visible, or even NIR region, depending on the photophysical properties of the photo-responsive molecule embedded in the nanocarrier system, the structural characteristics, and the material composition of the nanocarrier system. In this review, we highlighted the emerging functional role of light in nanocarriers, with an emphasis on light-responsive liposomes and dual-targeted stimuli-responsive liposomes. Moreover, we provided the most up-to-date photo-triggered targeting strategies and mechanisms of light-triggered drug release from liposomes and NIR-responsive nanocarriers. Lastly, we addressed the current challenges, advances, and future perspectives for the deployment of light-responsive liposomes in targeted drug delivery and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Agiba
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico;
| | - José Luis Arreola-Ramírez
- Departamento de Investigación en Hiperreactividad Bronquial, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.L.A.-R.); (V.C.)
| | - Verónica Carbajal
- Departamento de Investigación en Hiperreactividad Bronquial, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.L.A.-R.); (V.C.)
| | - Patricia Segura-Medina
- Departamento de Investigación en Hiperreactividad Bronquial, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.L.A.-R.); (V.C.)
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City 14380, Mexico
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Pashootan P, Saadati F, Fahimi H, Rahmati M, Strippoli R, Zarrabi A, Cordani M, Moosavi MA. Metal-based nanoparticles in cancer therapy: Exploring photodynamic therapy and its interplay with regulated cell death pathways. Int J Pharm 2024; 649:123622. [PMID: 37989403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) represents a non-invasive treatment strategy currently utilized in the clinical management of selected cancers and infections. This technique is predicated on the administration of a photosensitizer (PS) and subsequent irradiation with light of specific wavelengths, thereby generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) within targeted cells. The cellular effects of PDT are dependent on both the localization of the PS and the severity of ROS challenge, potentially leading to the stimulation of various cell death modalities. For many years, the concept of regulated cell death (RCD) triggered by photodynamic reactions predominantly encompassed apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. However, in recent decades, further explorations have unveiled additional cell death modalities, such as necroptosis, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, pyroptosis, parthanatos, and immunogenic cell death (ICD), which helps to achieve tumor cell elimination. Recently, nanoparticles (NPs) have demonstrated substantial advantages over traditional PSs and become important components of PDT, due to their improved physicochemical properties, such as enhanced solubility and superior specificity for targeted cells. This review aims to summarize recent advancements in the applications of different metal-based NPs as PSs or delivery systems for optimized PDT in cancer treatment. Furthermore, it mechanistically highlights the contribution of RCD pathways during PDT with metal NPs and how these forms of cell death can improve specific PDT regimens in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parya Pashootan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, P.O Box 14965/161, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Saadati
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, P.O Box 14965/161, Iran
| | - Hossein Fahimi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marveh Rahmati
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, 34396, Turkey; Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai - 600 077, India
| | - Marco Cordani
- Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mohammad Amin Moosavi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, P.O Box 14965/161, Iran.
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Yu J, Zhu F, Yang Y, Zhang P, Zheng Y, Chen H, Gao Y. Ultrasmall iron-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles for ferroptosis assisted sono-chemodynamic cancer therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 232:113606. [PMID: 37898045 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy and biosafety of sonodynamic therapy (SDT) are closely related to the properties of sonosensitizers. Inorganic sonosensitizers with high chemical stability and low dark toxicity are generally limited by slow metabolism and accumulation in vivo. Combined treatment strategies by inducing more redox imbalance are expected to improve the efficacy of sonodynamic antitumor therapy. Herein, we report the development of ultra-small iron-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (FZO NPs) to achieve synergistic sono-chemodynamic therapy and low accumulation in vivo. The surface of FZO NPs with diameter of 5 nm was modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and polyethylene glycol 600 to obtain FZO-ASP with good aqueous stability. FZO-ASP with iron doping could trigger Fenton reaction and induce ferroptosis in cancer cells. With the assistance of ultrasonic energy, FZO-ASP demonstrated enhanced inhibitory effects on proliferation of various cancer cells and murine breast tumor growth than undoped counterpart. In addition, FZO-ASP injected intravenously could be effectively excreted in vivo and showed no obvious cumulative toxicity to the treated mice. Hence, this type of ultra-small iron-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles could serve as a safe and efficient sonosensitizer agent for synergistic sono-chemodynamic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Fangyin Zhu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Ya Yang
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Peixia Zhang
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Yilin Zheng
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Haijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China.
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Vinitha V, Preeyanghaa M, Anbarasu M, Neppolian B, Sivamurugan V. Chemical recycling of polyester textile wastes using silver-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles: an economical solution for circular economy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27567-0. [PMID: 37217818 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27567-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The waste management of polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-derived polyester (PES) textile is a global issue, and material recovery through chemical recycling can restore a circular economy. In our investigation, microwave-induced catalytic aminolysis and glycolysis of PES textile wastes using Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles have been proposed. Ag-doped ZnO is prepared by the sol-gel method and characterised by XRD, FT-IR, UV-Vis, SEM-EDX and TEM. The reaction parameters such as PET-to-catalyst ratio, microwave power and irradiation time, temperature and catalyst recycling have been optimised. The catalyst was found to be more stable and could be recycled up to six times without losing its activity. Both the aminolysis and glycolysis of PES showed 100% conversion and afforded of bis (2-hydroxy ethylene) terephthalamide (BHETA) and bis (2-hydroxy ethylene) terephthalate (BHET), respectively. The depolymerisation of PES wastes using Ag-doped ZnO afforded BHETA and BHET for about 95 and 90%, respectively. The monomers BHET and BHETA confirmed by FT-IR, 1H NMR and mass spectroscopy. According to the findings, 2 mol% Ag-doped ZnO has higher catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viswanathan Vinitha
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Pachaiyappa's College, Chennai, 600 030, India
| | - Mani Preeyanghaa
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603 203, India
| | - Murugan Anbarasu
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Pachaiyappa's College, Chennai, 600 030, India
| | - Bernaurdshaw Neppolian
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603 203, India
| | - Vajiravelu Sivamurugan
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Pachaiyappa's College, Chennai, 600 030, India.
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10
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Nanoarchitectured assembly and surface of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) for cancer therapy. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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Nyankson E, Awuzah D, Tiburu EK, Efavi JK, Agyei-Tuffour B, Paemka L. Curcumin loaded Ag-TiO 2-halloysite nanotubes platform for combined chemo-photodynamic therapy treatment of cancer cells. RSC Adv 2022; 12:33108-33123. [PMID: 36425174 PMCID: PMC9672909 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05777h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of naturally occurring anticancer materials in combination with doped metal oxide has emerged as one of the most promising ways for improving anticancer treatment efficacy. In this study, the anticancer potential of curcumin-loaded Ag-TiO2-halloysite nanotubes (curcumin-loaded Ag-TiO2-HNTs) was examined. Ag-TiO2-HNTs with different wt% of Ag-TiO2 were synthesized and characterized using XRD, TGA, FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and SEM-EDX. The XRD results revealed the presence of crystalline TiO2. However, the presence of Ag was detected through the SEM-EDX analysis. Cyclic voltammetry measurements suggested the enhancement of the release of ROS from TiO2 upon deposition with Ag. FT-IR and TGA analysis confirmed the successful loading of curcumin inside the nanotubes of the halloysite. In vitro drug released studies revealed the release of approximately 80-99% curcumin within 48 hours. Kinetic model studies revealed that the release of curcumin from HNT and Ag-TiO2-HNT followed the first-order and Higuchi models, respectively. The light irradiated curcumin-loaded Ag-TiO2-HNTs samples exhibited considerable anticancer potential as compared to the free curcumin, irradiated Ag-TiO2 NPs samples, and unirradiated curcumin loaded Ag-TiO2-HNTs samples. The obtained results revealed that combined chemo- and photodynamic therapy using curcumin-loaded Ag-TiO2-HNTs nanomaterial has the potential as an effective anticancer treatment method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Nyankson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ghana LG 77 Legon-Accra Ghana
| | - Dominic Awuzah
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ghana LG 77 Legon-Accra Ghana
| | - Elvis K Tiburu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Ghana LG 77 Legon-Accra Ghana
| | - Johnson K Efavi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ghana LG 77 Legon-Accra Ghana
| | - Benjamin Agyei-Tuffour
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ghana LG 77 Legon-Accra Ghana
| | - Lily Paemka
- Department Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Ghana P.O. Box LG54 Legon Ghana
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12
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Li Z, Zhang S, Liu M, Zhong T, Li H, Wang J, Zhao H, Tian Y, Wang H, Wang J, Xu M, Wang S, Zhang X. Antitumor Activity of the Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Coated with Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin and Doxorubicin Complex In Vitro and In Vivo. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:4179-4190. [PMID: 36223494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Various metal oxide nanomaterials have been widely used as carriers to prepare pH-sensitive nanomedicines to respond to the acidic tumor microenvironment promoting antitumor efficiency. Herein, we used zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) as metal oxide nanomaterial coated with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMHP) and doxorubicin (DOX) complex (LMHP-DOX) to prepare ZnO-LD NPs for controllable pH-triggered DOX release on the targeted site. Our results indicated that the released DOX from ZnO-LD NPs was pH-sensitive. The oxygen produced by ZnO-LD NPs in H2O2 solution was observed in in vitro experiment. The ZnO-LD NPs entered into both PC-3M and 4T1 tumor cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis and micropinocytosis pathway. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by ZnO-LD NPs could significantly increase the caspase 3/7 level, leading to tumor cell apoptosis. The in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity was confirmed in PC-3M and 4T1 cell lines or tumor-bearing mice models. The in vivo and in vitro tumor images via second-order nonlinearity of ZnO-LD NPs indicated that ZnO-LD NPs could penetrate deep into the tumor tissues. Therefore, the ZnO-LD NPs developed in our study could provide an efficient approach for the preparation of pH-sensitive nano delivery systems suitable for tumor therapy and imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyue Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Man Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ting Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingru Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Heng Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yubo Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Meiqi Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shumin Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road 38, Beijing 100191, China
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13
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Yang W, Zeng Q, Pan Q, Huang W, Hu H, Shao Z. Application and prospect of ROS-related nanomaterials for orthopaedic related diseases treatment. Front Chem 2022; 10:1035144. [PMID: 36277336 PMCID: PMC9581401 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1035144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the occurrence and development of orthopaedic related diseases is becoming increasingly prominent. ROS regulation has become a new method to treat orthopaedic related diseases. In recent years, the application of nanomaterials has become a new hope for precision and efficient treatment. However, there is a lack of reviews on ROS-regulated nanomaterials for orthopaedic related diseases. Based on the key significance of nanomaterials for the treatment of orthopaedic related diseases, we searched the latest related studies and reviewed the nanomaterials that regulate ROS in the treatment of orthopaedic related diseases. According to the function of nanomaterials, we describe the scavenging of ROS related nanomaterials and the generation of ROS related nanomaterials. In this review, we closely integrated nanomaterials with the treatment of orthopaedic related diseases such as arthritis, osteoporosis, wound infection and osteosarcoma, etc., and highlighted the advantages and disadvantages of existing nanomaterials. We also looked forward to the design of ROS-regulated nanomaterials for the treatment of orthopaedic related diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qianwen Zeng
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Pan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Zengwu Shao, ; Hongzhi Hu, ; Wei Huang,
| | - Hongzhi Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Zengwu Shao, ; Hongzhi Hu, ; Wei Huang,
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Zengwu Shao, ; Hongzhi Hu, ; Wei Huang,
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14
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Motility Suppression and Trapping Bacteria by ZnO Nanostructures. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12081027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Regulating the swimming motility of bacteria near surfaces is essential to suppress or avoid bacterial contamination and infection in catheters and medical devices with wall surfaces. However, the motility of bacteria near walls strongly depends on the combination of the local physicochemical properties of the surfaces. To unravel how nanostructures and their local chemical microenvironment dynamically affect the bacterial motility near surfaces, here, we directly visualize the bacterial swimming and systematically analyze the motility of Escherichia coli swimming on ZnO nanoparticle films and nanowire arrays with further ultraviolet irradiation. The results show that the ZnO nanowire arrays reduce the swimming motility, thus significantly enhancing the trapping ability for motile bacteria. Additionally, thanks to the wide bandgap nature of a ZnO semiconductor, the ultraviolet irradiation rapidly reduces the bacteria locomotion due to the hydroxyl and singlet oxygen produced by the photodynamic effects of ZnO nanowire arrays in an aqueous solution. The findings quantitatively reveal how the combination of geometrical nanostructured surfaces and local tuning of the steric microenvironment are able to regulate the motility of swimming bacteria and suggest the efficient inhibition of bacterial translocation and infection by nanostructured coatings.
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15
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Comeau P, Burgess J, Malekafzali N, Leite ML, Lee A, Manso A. Exploring the Physicochemical, Mechanical, and Photocatalytic Antibacterial Properties of a Methacrylate-Based Dental Material Loaded with ZnO Nanoparticles. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15145075. [PMID: 35888540 PMCID: PMC9319981 DOI: 10.3390/ma15145075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
While resin-based materials meet the many requirements of a restorative material, they lack adequate, long-lasting antimicrobial power. This study investigated a zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnO NP)-loaded resin-blend (RB) toward a new antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT)-based approach for managing dental caries. The results confirmed that up to 20 wt% ZnO NPs could be added without compromising the degree of conversion (DC) of the original blend. The DC achieved for the 20 wt% ZnO NP blend has been the highest reported. The effects on flexural strength (FS), shear bond strength to dentin (SBS), water sorption (WS), solubility (SL), and viability of Streptococcus mutans under 1.35 J/cm2 blue light or dark conditions were limited to ≤20 wt% ZnO NP loading. The addition of up to 20 wt% ZnO NPs had a minimal impact on FS or SBS, while a reduction in the bacteria count was observed. The maximum loading resulted in an increase in SL. Furthermore, 28-day aging in 37 °C water increased the FS for all groups, while it sustained the reduction in bacteria count for the 20 wt% resin blends. Overall, the ZnO NP-loaded resin-based restorative material presents significant potential for use in aPDT.
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16
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Ouyang J, Xie A, Zhou J, Liu R, Wang L, Liu H, Kong N, Tao W. Minimally invasive nanomedicine: nanotechnology in photo-/ultrasound-/radiation-/magnetism-mediated therapy and imaging. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:4996-5041. [PMID: 35616098 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01148k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Traditional treatments such as chemotherapy and surgery usually cause severe side effects and excruciating pain. The emergence of nanomedicines and minimally invasive therapies (MITs) has brought hope to patients with malignant diseases. Especially, minimally invasive nanomedicines (MINs), which combine the advantages of nanomedicines and MITs, can effectively target pathological cells/tissues/organs to improve the bioavailability of drugs, minimize side effects and achieve painless treatment with a small incision or no incision, thereby acquiring good therapeutic effects. In this review, we provide a comprehensive review of the research status and challenges of MINs, which generally refers to the medical applications of nanotechnology in photo-/ultrasound-/radiation-/magnetism-mediated therapy and imaging. Additionally, we also discuss their combined application in various fields including cancers, cardiovascular diseases, tissue engineering, neuro-functional diseases, and infectious diseases. The prospects, and potential bench-to-bedside translation of MINs are also presented in this review. We expect that this review can inspire the broad interest for a wide range of readers working in the fields of interdisciplinary subjects including (but not limited to) chemistry, nanomedicine, bioengineering, nanotechnology, materials science, pharmacology, and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Ouyang
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Angel Xie
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Jun Zhou
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Runcong Liu
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Liqiang Wang
- Henan Province Industrial Technology Research Institute of Resources and Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Haijun Liu
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Na Kong
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Wei Tao
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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17
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Babu N, Rahaman SA, John AM, Balakrishnan SP. Photosensitizer Anchored Nanoparticles: A Potential Material for Photodynamic Therapy. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Babu
- Department of Chemistry CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Bengaluru India 560029
| | - Shaik Abdul Rahaman
- Department of Chemistry CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Bengaluru India 560029
| | - Athira Maria John
- Department of Chemistry CHRIST (Deemed to be University) Bengaluru India 560029
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18
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Recent advances in ZnO-based photosensitizers: Synthesis, modification, and applications in photodynamic cancer therapy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 621:440-463. [PMID: 35483177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.04.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are important semiconductor materials with interesting photo-responsive properties. During the past, ZnO-based NPs have received considerable attention for photodynamic therapy (PDT) due to their biocompatibility and excellent potential of generating tumor-killing reactive oxygen species (ROS) through gentle photodynamic activation. This article provides a comprehensive review of the recent developments and improvements in optical properties of ZnO NPs as photosensitizers for PDT. The optical properties of ZnO-based photosensitizers are significantly dependent on their charge separation, absorption potential, band gap engineering, and surface area, which can be adjusted/tuned by doping, compositing, and morphology control. Here, we first summarize the recent progress in the charge separation capability, absorption potential, band gap engineering, and surface area of nanosized ZnO-based photosensitizers. Then, morphology control that is closely related to their synthesis method is discussed. Following on, the state-of-art for the ZnO-based NPs in the treatment of hypoxic tumors is comprehensively reviewed. Finally, we provide some outlooks on common targeted therapy methods for more effective tumor killing, including the attachment of small molecules, antibodies, ligands molecules, and receptors to NPs which further improve their selective distribution and targeting, hence improving the therapeutic effectiveness. The current review may provide useful guidance for the researchers who are interested in this promising dynamic cancer treatment technology.
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19
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Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu Plum)-Mediated Bio-Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles for Enhancement of Anti-Lung Cancer and Anti-Inflammatory Activities. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12063081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu plum) is an Australian native plant that has recently gained the attention of researchers due to its highly antioxidant compounds that have substantial health benefits. To raise the value, in this study, it is used for the first time to synthesize ZnO nanoparticles for anti-lung cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. The formation of KKD-ZnO-NPs (ZnO particles obtained from Kakadu plum) were confirmed using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis confirmed the functional groups that are responsible for the stabilization and capping of KKD-ZnO-NPs. The flower shape of the synthesized KKD-ZnO-NPs was confirmed by field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and field emission-transmission electron microscopy (FE-TEM) analyses. The crystallites were highly pure and had an average size of 21.89 nm as measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The dynamic light scattering (DLS) revealed size range of polydisperse KKD-ZnO-NPs was 676.65 ± 47.23 nm with a PDI of 0.41 ± 0.0634. Furthermore, the potential cytotoxicity was investigated in vitro against human lung cancer cell lines (A549) and Raw 264.7 Murine macrophages cells as normal cells to ensure safety purposes using MTT assay. Thus, KKD-ZnO-NPs showed prominent cytotoxicity against human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) at 10 μg/mL and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production as well, which could promote toxicity to cancer cells. Moreover, upregulation of p53 and downregulation of bcl2 gene expression as apoptosis regulators were confirmed via RT-PCR. In addition, KKD-ZnO-NPs possess a similar capacity of reduction in proinflammatory-nitric oxide (NO) production when compared to the L-NMMA as inflammation’s inhibitor, indicating anti-inflammatory potential. Incorporation of Kakadu plum extract as reducing and stabilizing agents enabled the green synthesis of flower-shaped KKD-ZnO-NPs that could be an initiative development of effective cancer therapy drug.
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20
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Yu X, Zhang N, Jin J, Yin X, Luo J. Evaluation of Therapeutic Effect and Prognosis of Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder Combined with Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Rose Acne. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1636839. [PMID: 35309844 PMCID: PMC8933099 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1636839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Rose acne is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that can cause paroxysmal flushing, persistent erythema, papules or papules on the face, and pustules, and it has a greater impact on the life of patients, so it is important to treat it. Objective To investigate the effect of Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the curative effect evaluation and prognosis of patients with rose acne. Patients and Methods. The clinical data of 110 rose acne patients who were treated in our hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 were selected as the subject of this retrospective study. They were divided into a control group and a treatment group according to the random residue grouping method. The new crown epidemic, loss to follow-up, etc. fell out of 5 cases in each group, and finally, 50 cases in each group were left. Among them, the control group was treated with PDT, and the treatment group was combined with Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder on the basis of the control group. Then we observe and compare the effects of skin lesion scores and clinical symptom scores and differences in clinical efficacy between the two groups. Results The comparison of the clinical symptom scores of the two groups of patients before treatment was not statistically significant (P > 0.05), while the burning score, tingling score, dryness score, and pruritus score of the treatment group after treatment were significantly different. The internal comparison after treatment was lower than before treatment, and the comparison between the treatment groups was significantly higher than the control group, which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the skin lesion scores of the two groups before treatment (P > 0.05), while the papules score, pustule score, erythema score, and telangiectasia score of the treatment group after treatment were significantly different and compared within the group. After treatment, the treatment group was significantly higher than the control group, and the comparison was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The effective rate of 98.00% in the treatment group was significantly higher than the 76.00% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The clinical efficacy of the two groups of patients showed that the rash, chest tightness, nausea, and diarrhea of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder combined with PDT to treat rose acne is effective, can quickly control inflammatory papules and inflammatory erythema, effectively improve the clinical symptoms of patients, and reduce adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjian Yu
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dermatological Department, Attending Psychiatrist, 430061, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dermatological Department, Supervising Technician, 430061, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dermatological Department, Attending Psychiatrist, 430061, China
| | - Xuwen Yin
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dermatological Department, Attending Psychiatrist, 430061, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dermatological Department, Attending Psychiatrist, 430061, China
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21
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Orsi D, Vaccari M, Baraldi A, Cristofolini L. A portable NIR fluorimeter directly quantifies singlet oxygen generated by nanostructures for Photodynamic Therapy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 265:120357. [PMID: 34534771 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports on the setting up and calibration of a portable NIR fluorimeter specifically developed for quantitative direct detection of the highly reactive singlet oxygen (1O2) chemical specie, of great importance in Photodynamic therapies. This quantification relies on the measurement of fluorescence emission of 1O2, which is peaked in the near-infrared (NIR) at λ=1270nm. In recent years, several nanostructures capable of generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) when activated by penetrating radiation (X-rays, NIR light) have been developed to apply Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) to tumours in deep tissue, where visible light cannot penetrate. A bottleneck in the characterization of these nanostructures is the lack of a fast and reliable technique to quantitatively assess their performances in generating ROS, and in particular 1O2. For instance, the widely used PDT "Singlet Oxygen Sensor Green" kit suffers from self-activation under X-ray irradiation. To solve this difficulty, we propose here direct detection of 1O2 by spectroscopic means, using an apparatus developed by us around a recent thermoelectrically-cooled InGaAs single photon avalanche photodiode (SPAD). The SPAD is coupled to a custom-made integrating sphere designed for use under irradiation with high-energy X-ray beams from clinical Radiotherapy sources. We determine the detection threshold for our apparatus, which turns to be ∼9·1081O2 in realistic experimental condition and for measurements extending to 1 min of integration. After calibrations on standard photosensitizers, we demonstrate the potentiality of this instrument characterizing some photosensitizing nanostructures developed by us.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Orsi
- Università di Parma, Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Parma (IT), Italy.
| | - Marco Vaccari
- Università di Parma, Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Parma (IT), Italy
| | - Andrea Baraldi
- Università di Parma, Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Parma (IT), Italy
| | - Luigi Cristofolini
- Università di Parma, Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Parma (IT), Italy.
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22
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Mena-Giraldo P, Orozco J. Polymeric Micro/Nanocarriers and Motors for Cargo Transport and Phototriggered Delivery. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3920. [PMID: 34833219 PMCID: PMC8621231 DOI: 10.3390/polym13223920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Smart polymer-based micro/nanoassemblies have emerged as a promising alternative for transporting and delivering a myriad of cargo. Cargo encapsulation into (or linked to) polymeric micro/nanocarrier (PC) strategies may help to conserve cargo activity and functionality when interacting with its surroundings in its journey to the target. PCs for cargo phototriggering allow for excellent spatiotemporal control via irradiation as an external stimulus, thus regulating the delivery kinetics of cargo and potentially increasing its therapeutic effect. Micromotors based on PCs offer an accelerated cargo-medium interaction for biomedical, environmental, and many other applications. This review collects the recent achievements in PC development based on nanomicelles, nanospheres, and nanopolymersomes, among others, with enhanced properties to increase cargo protection and cargo release efficiency triggered by ultraviolet (UV) and near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, including light-stimulated polymeric micromotors for propulsion, cargo transport, biosensing, and photo-thermal therapy. We emphasize the challenges of positioning PCs as drug delivery systems, as well as the outstanding opportunities of light-stimulated polymeric micromotors for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jahir Orozco
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Nanobioengineering, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Antioquia, Complejo Ruta N, Calle 67 # 52-20, Medellin 050010, Colombia;
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23
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Liu L, Wang J, Zhang J, Huang C, Yang Z, Cao Y. The cytotoxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles to 3D brain organoids results from excessive intracellular zinc ions and defective autophagy. Cell Biol Toxicol 2021; 39:259-275. [PMID: 34766255 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09678-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although the neurotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) has been evaluated in animal and nerve cell culture models, these models cannot accurately mimic human brains. Three-dimensional (3D) brain organoids based on human-induced pluripotent stem cells have been developed to study the human brains, but this model has rarely been used to evaluate NP neurotoxicity. We used 3D brain organoids that express cortical layer proteins to investigate the mechanisms of ZnO NP-induced neurotoxicity. Cytotoxicity caused by high levels of ZnO NPs (64 μg/mL) correlated with high intracellular Zn ion levels but not superoxide levels. Exposure to a non-cytotoxic concentration of ZnO NPs (16 μg/mL) increased the autophagy-marker proteins LC3B-II/I but decreased p62 accumulation, whereas a cytotoxic concentration of ZnO NPs (64 μg/mL) decreased LC3B-II/I proteins but did not affect p62 accumulation. Fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography revealed that 64 μg/mL ZnO NPs led to decreases in LC3B proteins that were more obvious at the outer layers of the organoids, which were directly exposed to the ZnO NPs. In addition to reducing LC3B proteins in the outer layers, ZnO NPs increased the number of micronuclei in the outer layers but not the inner layers (where LC3B proteins were still expressed). Adding the autophagy flux inhibitor bafilomycin A1 to ZnO NPs increased cytotoxicity and intracellular Zn ion levels, but adding the autophagy inducer rapamycin only slightly decreased cellular Zn ion levels. We conclude that high concentrations of ZnO NPs are cytotoxic to 3D brain organoids via defective autophagy and intracellular accumulation of Zn ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Liu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410205, People's Republic of China
| | - Junkang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaobo Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Zhaogang Yang
- Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Yi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, People's Republic of China. .,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
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de Oliveira LN, do Nascimento EO, Caldas LVE. A new natural detector for irradiations with blue LED light source in photodynamic therapy measurements via UV-Vis spectroscopy. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2021; 20:1381-1395. [PMID: 34591269 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00088-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy has been recently studied, bringing innovations regarding the reduction of exposure time to light by the patient. This work aimed to investigate the feasibility of using Coutarea hexandra (Jacq.) K. Schum (CHS) as a detector in photodynamic therapy measurements. For this, an irradiator containing a blue LED bulb lamp was utilized. The CHS samples were irradiated with ten doses from 0.60 up to 6.0 kJ/cm2, and six concentrations were prepared (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 mg/ml) for the CHS detector samples. After irradiation, the detector samples were evaluated using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results showed the behavior of the CHS detector with doses and concentrations, its sensitivity, and its linearity was also evaluated both by Wavelength Method (WM) and the Kernel Principal Component Regression (KPCR) Statistical Method. The values obtained indicate that this method can be applied to the CHS sample detector. In conclusion, the CHS is a promising detector in the field of photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas N de Oliveira
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás-IFG, Rua 75, 46, Campus Goiânia, Goiânia, GO, 74055-110, Brazil. .,Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear-IPEN/CNEN, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Eriberto O do Nascimento
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás-IFG, Rua 75, 46, Campus Goiânia, Goiânia, GO, 74055-110, Brazil
| | - Linda V E Caldas
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear-IPEN/CNEN, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
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25
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Verma S, Younis SA, Kim KH, Dong F. Anisotropic ZnO nanostructures and their nanocomposites as an advanced platform for photocatalytic remediation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 415:125651. [PMID: 33770683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In pursuit of advanced heterogeneous photocatalysts, ZnO has emerged as a promising option for solar-driven heterogeneous photocatalyst with many advantageous properties (e.g., optical band structure and electronic properties). However, as the efficacy of such system can also be limited by a number of demerits (e.g., fast recombination of charge carriers and limited photon absorption), considerable efforts are needed for its effective and practical scale-up. This article provides a detailed literature review of the synthesis and modification of ZnO nanostructures with tuned band structures and controllable morphologies for solar light harvesting. The potential of anisotropic ZnO nanostructures is also discussed with respect to the photocatalytic degradation of organic/inorganic water pollutants. Further, the role of various metal dopants is discussed for the enhancement of photocatalytic activity along with evaluation of their photocatalytic performances under UV-visible or solar irradiation. Finally, our discussions are expanded to describe the prospects of developed ZnO nano-photocatalysts for real-world applications with respect to light-harvesting efficiency and mechanical stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Verma
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sherif A Younis
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Analysis and Evaluation Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo 11727, Egypt
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Fan Dong
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), & Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, China; State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-carbon and Environmental Materials (CDLCEM), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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26
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Wang Y, Wang W, Sang D, Yu K, Lin H, Qu F. Cu 2-xSe/Bi 2Se 3@PEG Z-scheme heterostructure: a multimode bioimaging guided theranostic agent with enhanced photo/chemodynamic and photothermal therapy. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:4473-4483. [PMID: 34002187 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00378j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) can be defined as a kind of intracellular photocatalysis. Inspired by the design of photocatalysts, the construction of the heterojunction also is expected to improve the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) for PDT. Herein, the Cu2-xSe/Bi2Se3@PEG (CB3@PEG) nano-heterostructure has been prepared by a cation-exchange process, where the interaction between the host and exchange agent is vital. CB3@PEG exhibits the near-infrared (NIR)-triggered hydroxyl radical and singlet oxygen (˙OH and 1O2) generation, which is more than 6 times in contrast with that of pure Cu2-xSe@PEG, attributed to the Z-scheme charge transfer mechanism with the high redox ability and great charge separation. Moreover, with the narrower band gap of Bi2Se3, CB3@PEG exhibits enhanced NIR harvest as well as high photothermal conversion efficiency (60.4%). Due to the Fenton reaction caused by the Cu ion, CB3@PEG is endowed with the chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and signal-enhanced T1-weight magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) capacity. In addition, the great photothermal ability and X-ray absorption coefficient provide outstanding contrast in photothermal imaging (PTI) and computerized tomography (CT) imaging. Finally, the multi-imaging combined with the synergistic treatment (PTT/CDT/PDT) makes CB3@PEG achieve enhanced efficiency in anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China. and Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wenjia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China.
| | - Dongmiao Sang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China.
| | - Kai Yu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China.
| | - Huiming Lin
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China. and Laboratory for Photon and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Fengyu Qu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China.
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Racca L, Cauda V. Remotely Activated Nanoparticles for Anticancer Therapy. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2020; 13:11. [PMID: 34138198 PMCID: PMC8187688 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-020-00537-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer has nowadays become one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Conventional anticancer approaches are associated with different limitations. Therefore, innovative methodologies are being investigated, and several researchers propose the use of remotely activated nanoparticles to trigger cancer cell death. The idea is to conjugate two different components, i.e., an external physical input and nanoparticles. Both are given in a harmless dose that once combined together act synergistically to therapeutically treat the cell or tissue of interest, thus also limiting the negative outcomes for the surrounding tissues. Tuning both the properties of the nanomaterial and the involved triggering stimulus, it is possible furthermore to achieve not only a therapeutic effect, but also a powerful platform for imaging at the same time, obtaining a nano-theranostic application. In the present review, we highlight the role of nanoparticles as therapeutic or theranostic tools, thus excluding the cases where a molecular drug is activated. We thus present many examples where the highly cytotoxic power only derives from the active interaction between different physical inputs and nanoparticles. We perform a special focus on mechanical waves responding nanoparticles, in which remotely activated nanoparticles directly become therapeutic agents without the need of the administration of chemotherapeutics or sonosensitizing drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Racca
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Cauda
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Turin, Italy.
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Liao C, Jin Y, Li Y, Tjong SC. Interactions of Zinc Oxide Nanostructures with Mammalian Cells: Cytotoxicity and Photocatalytic Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6305. [PMID: 32878253 PMCID: PMC7504403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This article presents a state-of-the-art review and analysis of literature studies on the morphological structure, fabrication, cytotoxicity, and photocatalytic toxicity of zinc oxide nanostructures (nZnO) of mammalian cells. nZnO with different morphologies, e.g., quantum dots, nanoparticles, nanorods, and nanotetrapods are toxic to a wide variety of mammalian cell lines due to in vitro cell-material interactions. Several mechanisms responsible for in vitro cytotoxicity have been proposed. These include the penetration of nZnO into the cytoplasm, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) that degrade mitochondrial function, induce endoplasmic reticulum stress, and damage deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), lipid, and protein molecules. Otherwise, nZnO dissolve extracellularly into zinc ions and the subsequent diffusion of ions into the cytoplasm can create ROS. Furthermore, internalization of nZnO and localization in acidic lysosomes result in their dissolution into zinc ions, producing ROS too in cytoplasm. These ROS-mediated responses induce caspase-dependent apoptosis via the activation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (chop), and phosphoprotein p53 gene expressions. In vivo studies on a mouse model reveal the adverse impacts of nZnO on internal organs through different administration routes. The administration of ZnO nanoparticles into mice via intraperitoneal instillation and intravenous injection facilitates their accumulation in target organs, such as the liver, spleen, and lung. ZnO is a semiconductor with a large bandgap showing photocatalytic behavior under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. As such, photogenerated electron-hole pairs react with adsorbed oxygen and water molecules to produce ROS. So, the ROS-mediated selective killing for human tumor cells is beneficial for cancer treatment in photodynamic therapy. The photoinduced effects of noble metal doped nZnO for creating ROS under UV and visible light for killing cancer cells are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhu Liao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (C.L.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yuming Jin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (C.L.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yuchao Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Sie Chin Tjong
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Pham SH, Choi Y, Choi J. Stimuli-Responsive Nanomaterials for Application in Antitumor Therapy and Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E630. [PMID: 32635539 PMCID: PMC7408499 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12070630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The new era of nanotechnology has produced advanced nanomaterials applicable to various fields of medicine, including diagnostic bio-imaging, chemotherapy, targeted drug delivery, and biosensors. Various materials are formed into nanoparticles, such as gold nanomaterials, carbon quantum dots, and liposomes. The nanomaterials have been functionalized and widely used because they are biocompatible and easy to design and prepare. This review mainly focuses on nanomaterials responsive to the external stimuli used in drug-delivery systems. To overcome the drawbacks of conventional therapeutics to a tumor, the dual- and multi-responsive behaviors of nanoparticles have been harnessed to improve efficiency from a drug delivery point of view. Issues and future research related to these nanomaterial-based stimuli sensitivities and the scope of stimuli-responsive systems for nanomedicine applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jonghoon Choi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (S.H.P.); (Y.C.)
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