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Kim C, Kim H, Park JS, Park J, Oh J, Yoon J, Baek K. High-level production and purification of bioactive recombinant human activin A in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 54:218-225. [PMID: 37222635 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2214932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Activin A, a member of the TGF-β superfamily, is a homodimer of the inhibin βΑ subunit that plays a diversity of roles in biological processes. Because of its multiple functions, significant efforts have been made to produce activin A, however, unsatisfactory results were obtained due to its low level of expression. In this study, a stable CHO cell line exhibiting high expression of rhActivin A was isolated and production of rhActivin A was achieved using the cell line from 11-day fed-batch cultures in a 7.5 L bioreactor. The production rate was 0.22 g/L, substantially higher than those reported in previous studies. The culture supernatant of the bioreactor was used to purify rhActivin A (purity: >99%, recovery rate: 47%). The purified rhActivin A exhibited biological activity, with an EC50 of 3.893 ng/mL and a specific activity of 1.38 × 103 IU/mg. The control of process-related impurities in the purified rhActivin A was successful and met the USP recommendations for use in cell therapy. Thus, our production and purification methods were appropriate for large-scale GMP-grade rhActivin A production, which can be used for various purposes including cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changin Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, South Korea
| | | | | | - Jiwon Park
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, South Korea
| | - Jeongmin Oh
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, South Korea
| | | | - Kwanghee Baek
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, South Korea
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Do VG, Yang MS. Production of Mature Recombinant Human Activin A in Transgenic Rice Cell Suspension Culture. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:1164-1176. [PMID: 38392192 PMCID: PMC10888380 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46020074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Activin A belongs to the transforming growth factor (TGF) family member, which exhibits a wide range of biological activities, including the regulation of cellular proliferation and differentiation and the promotion of neuronal survival. The isolation of AA from natural sources can only produce limited quantities of this bioactive protein. In this study, the whole gene of the precursor form of recombinant human activin A (rhAA) contains a signal peptide, and a pro-region and a mature region were cloned into an expression vector under the control of the rice α-amylase 3D (RAmy3D) promoter. To obtain the mature (active) form of rhAA, an enterokinase cleavage site was inserted between the pro-region and mature region of rhAA. The rice seed (Oryza sativa L. cv. Dongjin) was transformed with recombinant vectors by the Agrobacterium-mediated method, and the integration of the target gene into the plant genome was confirmed by genomic PCR. The transcript expression of rhAA in transgenic rice calli was confirmed by a Northern blot analysis of mRNA. The production of rhAA was verified by Western blot analysis and ELISA. The accumulation of secreted rhAA in the culture medium was purified by Ni2+-NTA. The mature form of AA was released from the precursor form of rhAA after proteolytically processing with enterokinase. Western blot shows that the mature AA was split into monomer and homodimer with molecular weights of 14 kDa and 28 kDa under reducing and non-reducing conditions, respectively. These results suggest that the mature form of rhAA could be produced and purified using transgenic rice cell suspension culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Giap Do
- Apple Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Daegu 39000, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioactive Material Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Sik Yang
- Department of Bioactive Material Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
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Govindan P, Manjusha P, Saravanan KM, Natesan V, Salmen SH, Alfarraj S, Wainwright M, Shakila H. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Expression and preliminary characterization of the potential vaccine candidate LipL32 of leptospirosis. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2023; 13:1801. [PMID: 34608427 PMCID: PMC8483425 DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-02097-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pothiaraj Govindan
- grid.10214.360000 0001 2186 7912Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai-21, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Packiyadass Manjusha
- grid.10214.360000 0001 2186 7912Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai-21, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Konda Mani Saravanan
- Scigen Research and Innovation Pvt Ltd, Periyar Technology Business Incubator, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613403 India
| | - Vijayakumar Natesan
- grid.411408.80000 0001 2369 7742Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu 608002 India
| | - Saleh H. Salmen
- grid.56302.320000 0004 1773 5396Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Alfarraj
- grid.56302.320000 0004 1773 5396Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Milton Wainwright
- grid.11835.3e0000 0004 1936 9262Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN UK
| | - Harshavardhan Shakila
- grid.10214.360000 0001 2186 7912Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai-21, Tamil Nadu India
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Functional Activity of Recombinant Forms of Amh and Synergistic Action with Fsh in European Sea Bass Ovary. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810092. [PMID: 34576257 PMCID: PMC8467395 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Although anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has classically been correlated with the regression of Müllerian ducts in male mammals, involvement of this growth factor in other reproductive processes only recently come to light. Teleost is the only gnathostomes that lack Müllerian ducts despite having amh orthologous genes. In adult teleost gonads, Amh exerts a role in the early stages of germ cell development in both males and females. Mechanisms involving the interaction of Amh with gonadotropin- and growth factor-induced functions have been proposed, but our overall knowledge regarding Amh function in fish gonads remains modest. In this study, we report on Amh actions in the European sea bass ovary. Amh and type 2 Amh receptor (Amhr2) are present in granulosa and theca cells of both early and late-vitellogenic follicles and cannot be detected in previtellogenic ovaries. Using the Pichia pastoris system a recombinant sea bass Amh has been produced that is endogenously processed to generate a 12–15 kDa bioactive mature protein. Contrary to previous evidence in lower vertebrates, in explants of previtellogenic sea bass ovaries, mature Amh has a synergistic effect on steroidogenesis induced by the follicle-stimulating hormone (Fsh), increasing E2 and cyp19a1a levels.
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His-FLAG Tag as a Fusion Partner of Glycosylated Human Interferon-Gamma and Its Mutant: Gain or Loss? BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:3018608. [PMID: 28685146 PMCID: PMC5480026 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3018608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In order to obtain glycosylated human interferon-gamma (hIFNγ) and its highly prone to aggregation mutant K88Q, a secretory expression in insect cells was employed. To facilitate recombinant proteins purification, detection, and stability the baculovirus expression vectors were constructed to bear N-terminal His6-FLAG tag. Although the obtained proteins were glycosylated, we found that their biological activity was 100 times lower than expected. Our attempts to recover the biological properties of both proteins by tag removal failed due to enterokinase resistance of the tag. Surprisingly, the tag was easily cleaved when the proteins were expressed in E. coli cells and the tag-free proteins showed fully restored activity. To shed light on this phenomenon we performed molecular dynamics simulations. The latter showed that the tags interact with the receptor binding domains and the flexible C-termini of the fusion proteins thus suppressing their complex formation with the hIFNγ receptor. We hypothesize that in the case of glycosylated proteins the tag/C-terminal interaction positions the FLAG peptide in close proximity to the glycans thus sterically impeding the enterokinase access to its recognition site.
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Kosobokova EN, Skrypnik KA, Kosorukov VS. Overview of Fusion Tags for Recombinant Proteins. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2017; 81:187-200. [PMID: 27262188 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297916030019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Virtually all recombinant proteins are now prepared using fusion domains also known as "tags". The use of tags helps to solve some serious problems: to simplify procedures of protein isolation, to increase expression and solubility of the desired protein, to simplify protein refolding and increase its efficiency, and to prevent proteolysis. In this review, advantages and disadvantages of such fusion tags are analyzed and data on both well-known and new tags are generalized. The authors own data are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- E N Kosobokova
- Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Moscow, 115478, Russia.
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Wang X, Fischer G, Hyvönen M. Structure and activation of pro-activin A. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12052. [PMID: 27373274 PMCID: PMC4932183 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Activins are growth factors with multiple roles in the development and homeostasis. Like all TGF-β family of growth factors, activins are synthesized as large precursors from which mature dimeric growth factors are released proteolytically. Here we have studied the activation of activin A and determined crystal structures of the unprocessed precursor and of the cleaved pro-mature complex. Replacing the natural furin cleavage site with a HRV 3C protease site, we show how the protein gains its bioactivity after proteolysis and is as active as the isolated mature domain. The complex remains associated in conditions used for biochemical analysis with a dissociation constant of 5 nM, but the pro-domain can be actively displaced from the complex by follistatin. Our high-resolution structures of pro-activin A share features seen in the pro-TGF-β1 and pro-BMP-9 structures, but reveal a new oligomeric arrangement, with a domain-swapped, cross-armed conformation for the protomers in the dimeric protein. Activins are members of the TGF-β family of growth factors that are processed from precursors into the mature proteins. Here, the authors use structural biology and biochemistry to examine the protein domain organisation and gain insights into the activation of pro-activin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Gerhard Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Marko Hyvönen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
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Huang T, Hinck AP. Production, Isolation, and Structural Analysis of Ligands and Receptors of the TGF-β Superfamily. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1344:63-92. [PMID: 26520118 PMCID: PMC4846357 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2966-5_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The ability to understand the molecular mechanisms by which secreted signaling proteins of the TGF-β superfamily assemble their cell surface receptors into complexes to initiate downstream signaling is dependent upon the ability to determine atomic-resolution structures of the signaling proteins, the ectodomains of the receptors, and the complexes that they form. The structures determined to date have revealed major differences in the overall architecture of the signaling complexes formed by the TGF-βs and BMPs, which has provided insights as to how they have evolved to fulfill their distinct functions. Such studies, have however, only been applied to a few members of the TGF-β superfamily, which is largely due to the difficulty of obtaining milligram-scale quantities of highly homogenous preparations of the disulfide-rich signaling proteins and receptor ectodomains of the superfamily. Here we describe methods used to produce signaling proteins and receptor ectodomains of the TGF-β superfamily using bacterial and mammalian expression systems and procedures to purify them to homogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Protein Chemistry, Novo Nordisk Research Center China, 20 Life Science Park Rd, Bldg 2, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Andrew P Hinck
- Protein Chemistry, Novo Nordisk Research Center China, 20 Life Science Park Rd, Bldg 2, Beijing, 102206, China.
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Noubhani A, Bégu D, Chaignepain S, Moha Ou Maati H, Borsotto M, Dupuy JW, Langlois d'Estaintot B, Santarelli X, Heurteaux C, Gallois B, Hugues M. Production, in Pichia pastoris, of a recombinant monomeric mapacalcine, a protein with anti-ischemic properties. Biochem Biophys Rep 2015; 4:299-305. [PMID: 29124217 PMCID: PMC5669352 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mapacalcine is a small homodimeric protein of 19 kDa with 9 disulfide bridges extracted from the Cliona vastifica sponge (Red Sea). It selectively blocks a calcium current insensitive to most calcium blockers. Specific receptors for mapacalcine have been described in a variety of tissues such as brain, smooth muscle, liver, and kidney. Previous works achieved on hepatocytes and nervous cells demonstrated that this protein selectively blocks a calcium influx triggered by an ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) shock and efficiently protects cells from death after I/R. The aim of this work was to produce the recombinant mapacalcine in the yeast Pichia pastoris. Mass spectrometry, light scattering analysis and biological characterization demonstrated that the recombinant mapacalcine obtained was a monomeric form with 4 disulfide bridges which retains the biological activity of the natural protein. Mapacalcine is a homodimeric protein extracted from the Cliona vastifica sponge. Mapacalcine significantly increases cell survival after ischemia/reperfusion. We expressed a recombinant mapacalcine in the yeast Pichia pastoris. The expressed protein retains the biological properties of the natural mapacalcine.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Noubhani
- University Bordeaux, BPRVS, EA 4135, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - D Bégu
- University Bordeaux, MCMP, UMR 5234, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - S Chaignepain
- University Bordeaux, CBMN, UMR 5248, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - H Moha Ou Maati
- IGF, CNRS/INSERM/UM1/UM2, UMR 5203 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - M Borsotto
- IPMC, CNRS, UMR 7275, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, 660, route des Lucioles, F-06560 Valbonne, France
| | - J W Dupuy
- University Bordeaux, CGF, Plateforme Protéome, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | | | - X Santarelli
- University Bordeaux, BPRVS, EA 4135, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - C Heurteaux
- IPMC, CNRS, UMR 7275, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, 660, route des Lucioles, F-06560 Valbonne, France
| | - B Gallois
- University Bordeaux, CBMN, UMR 5248, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - M Hugues
- University Bordeaux, CBMN, UMR 5248, F-33600 Pessac, France
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Mooney JT, Fredericks D, Hearn MTW. Use of phage display methods to identify heptapeptide sequences for use as affinity purification 'tags' with novel chelating ligands in immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1218:92-9. [PMID: 21159343 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.10.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Revised: 10/22/2010] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the screening of a peptide phage display library for amino acid sequences that bind with different affinities to a novel class of chelating ligands complexed with Ni²+ ions. These chelating ligands are based on the 1,4,7-triazacyclononane (TACN) structure and have been chosen to allow enhanced efficiency in protein capture and decreased propensity for metal ion leakage in the immobilized metal ion affinity chromatographic (IMAC) purification of recombinant proteins. Utilising high stringency screening conditions, various peptide sequences containing multiple histidine, tryptophan, and/or tyrosine residues were identified amongst the different phage peptide sequences isolated. The structures, and particularly the conserved locations of these key amino acid residues within the selected heptapeptides, form a basis to design specific peptide tags for use with these novel TACN ligands as a new mode of IMAC purification of recombinant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane T Mooney
- ARC Special Research Centre for Green Chemistry, Building75, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Fredericks D, Clay R, Warner T, O'Connor A, de Kretser DM, Hearn MTW. Optimization of the expression of recombinant human activin A in the yeast Pichia pastoris. Biotechnol Prog 2010; 26:372-83. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Papakonstantinou T, Harris S, Hearn MTW. Expression of GFP using Pichia pastoris vectors with zeocin or G-418 sulphate as the primary selectable marker. Yeast 2009; 26:311-21. [PMID: 19399907 DOI: 10.1002/yea.1666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pichia pastoris is a popular host organism for expressing heterologous proteins, and various expression vectors for this yeast are currently available. Recently, vectors containing novel dominant antibiotic resistance markers have become a strong and developing field of research for this methylotropic yeast strain. We have developed new P. pastoris expression vectors, the pPICKanMX6 and pPICKanMX6alpha series. These vectors were constructed by replacing the zeocin resistance gene of the pPICZA, B, C and pPICZalphaA, B and C vectors with the Tn903 kan(R) marker from pFA6a KanMX6, which confers G-418 sulphate resistance in P. pastoris. The limits of antibiotic resistance in two transformant yeast strains were investigated, and the selection marker was shown to be stably retained. To demonstrate their usefulness, a gene encoding hexa-histidine-tagged green fluorescent protein (GFPH6) was cloned into one of the new vectors and GFP expression examined in P. pastoris cells. The protein expression levels using the pPICKanMX6B vector were comparable with that using the original plasmid, based on zeocin resistance as seen by yeast cell fluorescence. Moreover, GFPH6 was able to be isolated by immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) from lysates of both yeast strains. A model reporter construct has been used to demonstrate successful recombinant protein expression and its subsequent purification using these new vectors. Corresponding vectors can now also be engineered with foreign gene expression under the control of various different promoters, to increase the flexibility of P. pastoris as a cellular factory for heterologous protein production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theo Papakonstantinou
- ARC Special Research Centre for Green Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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