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Yan YH, Wang GL, Yue XY, Ma F, Madigan MT, Wang-Otomo ZY, Zou MJ, Yu LJ. Molecular structure and characterization of the Thermochromatium tepidum light-harvesting 1 photocomplex produced in a foreign host. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2024; 1865:149050. [PMID: 38806091 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2024.149050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Purple phototrophic bacteria possess light-harvesting 1 and reaction center (LH1-RC) core complexes that play a key role in converting solar energy to chemical energy. High-resolution structures of LH1-RC and RC complexes have been intensively studied and have yielded critical insight into the architecture and interactions of their proteins, pigments, and cofactors. Nevertheless, a detailed picture of the structure and assembly of LH1-only complexes is lacking due to the intimate association between LH1 and the RC. To study the intrinsic properties and structure of an LH1-only complex, a genetic system was constructed to express the Thermochromatium (Tch.) tepidum LH1 complex heterologously in a modified Rhodospirillum rubrum mutant strain. The heterologously expressed Tch. tepidum LH1 complex was isolated in a pure form free of the RC and exhibited the characteristic absorption properties of Tch. tepidum. Cryo-EM structures of the LH1-only complexes revealed a closed circular ring consisting of either 14 or 15 αβ-subunits, making it the smallest completely closed LH1 complex discovered thus far. Surprisingly, the Tch. tepidum LH1-only complex displayed even higher thermostability than that of the native LH1-RC complex. These results reveal previously unsuspected plasticity of the LH1 complex, provide new insights into the structure and assembly of the LH1-RC complex, and show how molecular genetics can be exploited to study membrane proteins from phototrophic organisms whose genetic manipulation is not yet possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hao Yan
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guang-Lei Wang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xing-Yu Yue
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Michael T Madigan
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | | | - Mei-Juan Zou
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Long-Jiang Yu
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Gomes NGM, Dasari R, Chandra S, Kiss R, Kornienko A. Marine Invertebrate Metabolites with Anticancer Activities: Solutions to the "Supply Problem". Mar Drugs 2016; 14:E98. [PMID: 27213412 PMCID: PMC4882572 DOI: 10.3390/md14050098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine invertebrates provide a rich source of metabolites with anticancer activities and several marine-derived agents have been approved for the treatment of cancer. However, the limited supply of promising anticancer metabolites from their natural sources is a major hurdle to their preclinical and clinical development. Thus, the lack of a sustainable large-scale supply has been an important challenge facing chemists and biologists involved in marine-based drug discovery. In the current review we describe the main strategies aimed to overcome the supply problem. These include: marine invertebrate aquaculture, invertebrate and symbiont cell culture, culture-independent strategies, total chemical synthesis, semi-synthesis, and a number of hybrid strategies. We provide examples illustrating the application of these strategies for the supply of marine invertebrate-derived anticancer agents. Finally, we encourage the scientific community to develop scalable methods to obtain selected metabolites, which in the authors' opinion should be pursued due to their most promising anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson G M Gomes
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ramesh Dasari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA.
| | - Sunena Chandra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA.
| | - Robert Kiss
- Laboratoire de Cancérologie et de Toxicologie Expérimentale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus de la Plaine, CP205/1, Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Alexander Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA.
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Condori S, Atkinson S, Leys N, Wattiez R, Mastroleo F. Construction and phenotypic characterization of M68, an RruI quorum sensing knockout mutant of the photosynthetic alphaproteobacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum. Res Microbiol 2016; 167:380-92. [PMID: 26993754 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Many bacterial species communicate using a complex system known as quorum sensing (QS) in which gene expression is controlled in response to cell density. In this study an N-acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) synthase (Rru_A3396) knockout mutant (M68) of Rhodospirillum rubrum S1H (WT) was constructed and characterized phenotypically under light anaerobic conditions. Results showed that R. rubrum WT produces unsubstituted, 3-OH and 3-oxo-substituted AHLs with acyl chains ranging from 4 to 14 carbons, with 3-OH-C8 being the most abundant. Growth, pigment content and swimming motility were found to be under the control of this LuxI-type QS system. In addition, cultivation in a low shear environment put forward the aggregative phenotype of M68 and linked biofilm formation to QS in R. rubrum S1H. Interestingly, QS-mutant M68 continued to produce decreased levels of 3-OH-C8-HSL, probably due to the presence of an extra HdtS-type AHL synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Condori
- Research Unit for Microbiology, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; Research Institute for Biosciences, Proteomics and Microbiology Laboratory, University of Mons, Avenue du champ de Mars 6, Mons, Belgium.
| | - Steve Atkinson
- Center for Biomolecular Science, School of Molecular Medical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
| | - Natalie Leys
- Research Unit for Microbiology, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - Ruddy Wattiez
- Research Institute for Biosciences, Proteomics and Microbiology Laboratory, University of Mons, Avenue du champ de Mars 6, Mons, Belgium.
| | - Felice Mastroleo
- Research Unit for Microbiology, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
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Heinrich D, Raberg M, Steinbüchel A. Synthesis of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) from unrelated carbon sources in engineered Rhodospirillum rubrum. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2015; 362:fnv038. [PMID: 25761750 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnv038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Different genes encoding pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenases (pntAB, udhA) and acetoacetyl-CoA reductases (phaB) were heterologously overexpressed in Rhodospirillum rubrum S1. A recombinant strain, which harbored the gene encoding the membrane-bound transhydrogenase PntAB from Escherichia coli MG1655 and the phaB1 gene coding for an NADPH-dependent acetoacetyl-CoA reductase from Ralstonia eutropha H16, accumulated poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [Poly(3HB-co-3HV)] with a 3HV fraction of up to 13 mol% from fructose. This was a 13-fold increase of the 3HV content when compared to the wild-type strain. Higher contents of 3HV are known to reduce the brittleness of this polymer, which is advantageous for most applications. The engineered R. rubrum strain was also able to synthesize this industrially relevant copolymer from CO2 and CO from artificial synthesis gas (syngas) with a 3HV content of 56 mol%. The increased incorporation of 3HV was attributed to an excess of propionyl-CoA, which was generated from threonine and related amino acids to compensate for the intracellular redox imbalance resulting from the transhydrogenase reaction. Thereby, our study presents a novel, molecular approach to alter the composition of bacterial PHAs independently from external precursor supply. Moreover, this study also provides a promising production strain for syngas-derived second-generation biopolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Heinrich
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Matthias Raberg
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Steinbüchel
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, D-48149 Münster, Germany; Environmental Sciences Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Antimicrobial compounds from seaweeds-associated bacteria and fungi. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 99:1571-86. [PMID: 25549621 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-6334-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent decade, seaweeds-associated microbial communities have been significantly evaluated for functional and chemical analyses. Such analyses let to conclude that seaweeds-associated microbial communities are highly diverse and rich sources of bioactive compounds of exceptional molecular structure. Extracting bioactive compounds from seaweed-associated microbial communities have been recently increased due to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-settlement, antiprotozoan, antiparasitic, and antitumor. These allelochemicals not only provide protection to host from other surrounding pelagic microorganisms, but also ensure their association with the host. Antimicrobial compounds from marine sources are promising and priority targets of biotechnological and pharmaceutical applications. This review describes the bioactive metabolites reported from seaweed-associated bacterial and fungal communities and illustrates their bioactivities. Biotechnological application of metagenomic approach for identifying novel bioactive metabolites is also dealt, in view of their future development as a strong tool to discover novel drug targets from seaweed-associated microbial communities.
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Carius L, Carius AB, McIntosh M, Grammel H. Quorum sensing influences growth and photosynthetic membrane production in high-cell-density cultivations of Rhodospirillum rubrum. BMC Microbiol 2013; 13:189. [PMID: 23927486 PMCID: PMC3751510 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-13-189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The facultative anoxygenic photosynthetic bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum exhibits versatile metabolic activity allowing the adaptation to rapidly changing growth conditions in its natural habitat, the microaerobic and anoxic zones of stagnant waters. The microaerobic growth mode is of special interest as it allows the high-level expression of photosynthetic membranes when grown on succinate and fructose in the dark, which could significantly simplify the industrial production of compounds associated with PM formation. However, recently we showed that PM synthesis is no longer inducible when R. rubrum cultures are grown to high cell densities under aerobic conditions. In addition a reduction of the growth rate and the continued accumulation of precursor molecules for bacteriochlorophyll synthesis were observed under high cell densities conditions. RESULTS In the present work, we demonstrate that the cell density-dependent effects are reversible if the culture supernatant is replaced by fresh medium. We identified six N-acylhomoserine lactones and show that four of them are produced in varying amounts according to the growth phase and the applied growth conditions. Further, we demonstrate that N-acylhomoserine lactones and tetrapyrrole compounds released into the growth medium affect the growth rate and PM expression in high cell density cultures. CONCLUSIONS In summary, we provide evidence that R. rubrum possesses a Lux-type quorum sensing system which influences the biosynthesis of PM and the growth rate and is thus likely to be involved in the phenotypes of high cell density cultures and the rapid adaptation to changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Carius
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstr, 1, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany.
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Arachea BT, Sun Z, Potente N, Malik R, Isailovic D, Viola RE. Detergent selection for enhanced extraction of membrane proteins. Protein Expr Purif 2012; 86:12-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2012.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Revised: 08/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Carius L, Hädicke O, Grammel H. Stepwise reduction of the culture redox potential allows the analysis of microaerobic metabolism and photosynthetic membrane synthesis inRhodospirillum rubrum. Biotechnol Bioeng 2012; 110:573-85. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.24734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Revised: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Fructose metabolism of the purple non-sulfur bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum: Effect of carbon dioxide on growth, and production of bacteriochlorophyll and organic acids. Enzyme Microb Technol 2012; 50:238-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2012.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Revised: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Madhavan V, Bhatt F, Jeffery CJ. Recombinant expression screening of P. aeruginosa bacterial inner membrane proteins. BMC Biotechnol 2010; 10:83. [PMID: 21114855 PMCID: PMC3009615 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-10-83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transmembrane proteins (TM proteins) make up 25% of all proteins and play key roles in many diseases and normal physiological processes. However, much less is known about their structures and molecular mechanisms than for soluble proteins. Problems in expression, solubilization, purification, and crystallization cause bottlenecks in the characterization of TM proteins. This project addressed the need for improved methods for obtaining sufficient amounts of TM proteins for determining their structures and molecular mechanisms. Results Plasmid clones were obtained that encode eighty-seven transmembrane proteins with varying physical characteristics, for example, the number of predicted transmembrane helices, molecular weight, and grand average hydrophobicity (GRAVY). All the target proteins were from P. aeruginosa, a gram negative bacterial opportunistic pathogen that causes serious lung infections in people with cystic fibrosis. The relative expression levels of the transmembrane proteins were measured under several culture growth conditions. The use of E. coli strains, a T7 promoter, and a 6-histidine C-terminal affinity tag resulted in the expression of 61 out of 87 test proteins (70%). In this study, proteins with a higher grand average hydrophobicity and more transmembrane helices were expressed less well than less hydrophobic proteins with fewer transmembrane helices. Conclusions In this study, factors related to overall hydrophobicity and the number of predicted transmembrane helices correlated with the relative expression levels of the target proteins. Identifying physical characteristics that correlate with protein expression might aid in selecting the "low hanging fruit", or proteins that can be expressed to sufficient levels using an E. coli expression system. The use of other expression strategies or host species might be needed for sufficient levels of expression of transmembrane proteins with other physical characteristics. Surveys like this one could aid in overcoming the technical bottlenecks in working with TM proteins and could potentially aid in increasing the rate of structure determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Madhavan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60607, USA
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Penesyan A, Kjelleberg S, Egan S. Development of novel drugs from marine surface associated microorganisms. Mar Drugs 2010; 8:438-59. [PMID: 20411108 PMCID: PMC2857370 DOI: 10.3390/md8030438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2010] [Revised: 02/03/2010] [Accepted: 02/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While the oceans cover more than 70% of the Earth's surface, marine derived microbial natural products have been largely unexplored. The marine environment is a habitat for many unique microorganisms, which produce biologically active compounds ("bioactives") to adapt to particular environmental conditions. For example, marine surface associated microorganisms have proven to be a rich source for novel bioactives because of the necessity to evolve allelochemicals capable of protecting the producer from the fierce competition that exists between microorganisms on the surfaces of marine eukaryotes. Chemically driven interactions are also important for the establishment of cross-relationships between microbes and their eukaryotic hosts, in which organisms producing antimicrobial compounds ("antimicrobials"), may protect the host surface against over colonisation in return for a nutrient rich environment. As is the case for bioactive discovery in general, progress in the detection and characterization of marine microbial bioactives has been limited by a number of obstacles, such as unsuitable culture conditions, laborious purification processes, and a lack of de-replication. However many of these limitations are now being overcome due to improved microbial cultivation techniques, microbial (meta-) genomic analysis and novel sensitive analytical tools for structural elucidation. Here we discuss how these technical advances, together with a better understanding of microbial and chemical ecology, will inevitably translate into an increase in the discovery and development of novel drugs from marine microbial sources in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahit Penesyan
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia; E-Mails:
(A.P.);
(S.K.)
| | - Staffan Kjelleberg
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia; E-Mails:
(A.P.);
(S.K.)
| | - Suhelen Egan
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Marine Bio-Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia; E-Mails:
(A.P.);
(S.K.)
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