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Lorenzo MG, Fernandes GDR, Latorre-Estivalis JM. Local age-dependent neuromodulation in Rhodnius prolixus antennae. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 115:e22106. [PMID: 38597092 DOI: 10.1002/arch.22106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Kissing bugs do not respond to host cues when recently molted and only exhibit robust host-seeking several days after ecdysis. Behavioral plasticity has peripheral correlates in antennal gene expression changes through the week after ecdysis. The mechanisms regulating these peripheral changes are still unknown, but neuropeptide, G-protein coupled receptor, nuclear receptor, and takeout genes likely modulate peripheral sensory physiology. We evaluated their expression in antennal transcriptomes along the first week postecdysis of Rhodnius prolixus 5th instar larvae. Besides, we performed clustering and co-expression analyses to reveal relationships between neuromodulatory (NM) and sensory genes. Significant changes in transcript abundance were detected for 50 NM genes. We identified 73 sensory-related and NM genes that were assigned to nine clusters. According to their expression patterns, clusters were classified into four groups: two including genes up or downregulated immediately after ecdysis; and two with genes with expression altered at day 2. Several NM genes together with sensory genes belong to the first group, suggesting functional interactions. Co-expression network analysis revealed a set of genes that seem to connect with sensory system maturation. Significant expression changes in NM components were described in the antennae of R. prolixus after ecdysis, suggesting that a local NM system acts on antennal physiology. These changes may modify the sensitivity of kissing bugs to host cues during this maturation interval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Gustavo Lorenzo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Vector Behaviour and Pathogen Interaction Group, Instituto René Rachou-FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Jose Manuel Latorre-Estivalis
- Laboratorio de Insectos Sociales, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Universidad de Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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2
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Liu B, Fu D, Ning H, Tang M, Chen H. Identification and functional characterization of the sulfakinin and sulfakinin receptor in the Chinese white pine beetle Dendroctonus armandi. Front Physiol 2022; 13:927890. [PMID: 36035480 PMCID: PMC9417412 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.927890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The sulfakinin (SK) is an important signal molecule. As a neuromodulator, it mediates a variety of behavioral processes and physiological functions in invertebrates through the interaction with G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). However, there is no report on the functional role of SK in the Chinese white pine beetle, Dendroctonus armandi. We have cloned and characterized SK and SKR genes in the D. armandi and carried out bioinformatics predictions on the basis of the deduced amino acid sequences, which are very similar to those from Dendroctonus ponderosa. The expression levels of the two genes were different between male and female adults, and there were significant changes in different developmental stages, tissues, and between starvation and following re-feeding states. Additionally, RNA-interference (RNAi) using double-stranded RNA to knock down SK and SKR reduced the transcription levels of the target genes and increased their body weight. In parallel, injection of SK caused a significant reduction in body weight and increase in mortality of D. armandi and also led to an increase in trehalose and a decrease in glycogen and free fatty acid. The results show that the SK signal pathway plays a positive and significant role in feeding regulation and provides a potential molecular target for the control of this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Danyang Fu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Hang Ning
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Ming Tang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Tang, ; Hui Chen,
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Tang, ; Hui Chen,
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Lange AB, Leyria J, Orchard I. The hormonal and neural control of egg production in the historically important model insect, Rhodnius prolixus: A review, with new insights in this post-genomic era. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2022; 321-322:114030. [PMID: 35317995 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Rhodnius prolixus, the blood gorging kissing bug, is a model insect, extensively used by Sir Vincent Wigglesworth and others, upon which the foundations of insect physiology, endocrinology, and development are built. It is also medically important, being a principal vector of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease in humans. The blood meal stimulates and enables egg production, and since an adult mated female can take several blood meals, each female can produce hundreds of offspring. Understanding the reproductive biology of R. prolixus is therefore of some critical importance for controlling the transmission of Chagas disease. The R. prolixus genome is available and so the post-genomic era has arrived for this historic model insect. This review focuses on the female reproductive system and coordination over the production of eggs, emphasizing the classical (neuro)endocrinological studies that led to a model describing inputs from feeding and mating, and the neural control of egg-laying. We then review recent insights brought about by molecular analyses, including transcriptomics, that confirm, support, and considerably extends this model. We conclude this review with an updated model describing the events leading to full expression of egg production, and also provide a consideration of questions for future exploration and experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela B Lange
- University of Toronto Mississauga, Department of Biology, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada.
| | - Jimena Leyria
- University of Toronto Mississauga, Department of Biology, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada.
| | - Ian Orchard
- University of Toronto Mississauga, Department of Biology, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada.
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4
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Nässel DR, Wu SF. Cholecystokinin/sulfakinin peptide signaling: conserved roles at the intersection between feeding, mating and aggression. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:188. [PMID: 35286508 PMCID: PMC8921109 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04214-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptides are the most diverse messenger molecules in metazoans and are involved in regulation of daily physiology and a wide array of behaviors. Some neuropeptides and their cognate receptors are structurally and functionally well conserved over evolution in bilaterian animals. Among these are peptides related to gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK). In mammals, CCK is produced by intestinal endocrine cells and brain neurons, and regulates gall bladder contractions, pancreatic enzyme secretion, gut functions, satiety and food intake. Additionally, CCK plays important roles in neuromodulation in several brain circuits that regulate reward, anxiety, aggression and sexual behavior. In invertebrates, CCK-type peptides (sulfakinins, SKs) are, with a few exceptions, produced by brain neurons only. Common among invertebrates is that SKs mediate satiety and regulate food ingestion by a variety of mechanisms. Also regulation of secretion of digestive enzymes has been reported. Studies of the genetically tractable fly Drosophila have advanced our understanding of SK signaling mechanisms in regulation of satiety and feeding, but also in gustatory sensitivity, locomotor activity, aggression and reproductive behavior. A set of eight SK-expressing brain neurons plays important roles in regulation of these competing behaviors. In males, they integrate internal state and external stimuli to diminish sex drive and increase aggression. The same neurons also diminish sugar gustation, induce satiety and reduce feeding. Although several functional roles of CCK/SK signaling appear conserved between Drosophila and mammals, available data suggest that the underlying mechanisms differ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dick R Nässel
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Shun-Fan Wu
- College of Plant Protection/Laboratory of Bio-Interactions and Crop Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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5
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Insects as a New Complex Model in Hormonal Basis of Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011066. [PMID: 34681728 PMCID: PMC8540125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, one of the biggest problems in healthcare is an obesity epidemic. Consumption of cheap and low-quality energy-rich diets, low physical activity, and sedentary work favor an increase in the number of obesity cases within many populations/nations. This is a burden on society, public health, and the economy with many deleterious consequences. Thus, studies concerning this disorder are extremely needed, including searching for new, effective, and fitting models. Obesity may be related, among other factors, to disrupting adipocytes activity, disturbance of metabolic homeostasis, dysregulation of hormonal balance, cardiovascular problems, or disorders in nutrition which may lead to death. Because of the high complexity of obesity, it is not easy to find an ideal model for its studies which will be suitable for genetic and physiological analysis including specification of different compounds’ (hormones, neuropeptides) functions, as well as for signaling pathways analysis. In recent times, in search of new models for human diseases there has been more and more attention paid to insects, especially in neuro-endocrine regulation. It seems that this group of animals might also be a new model for human obesity. There are many arguments that insects are a good, multidirectional, and complex model for this disease. For example, insect models can have similar conservative signaling pathways (e.g., JAK-STAT signaling pathway), the presence of similar hormonal axis (e.g., brain–gut axis), or occurrence of structural and functional homologues between neuropeptides (e.g., neuropeptide F and human neuropeptide Y, insulin-like peptides, and human insulin) compared to humans. Here we give a hint to use insects as a model for obesity that can be used in multiple ways: as a source of genetic and peptidomic data about etiology and development correlated with obesity occurrence as well as a model for novel hormonal-based drug activity and their impact on mechanism of disease occurrence.
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Tinoco AB, Barreiro-Iglesias A, Yañez Guerra LA, Delroisse J, Zhang Y, Gunner EF, Zampronio CG, Jones AM, Egertová M, Elphick MR. Ancient role of sulfakinin/cholecystokinin-type signalling in inhibitory regulation of feeding processes revealed in an echinoderm. eLife 2021; 10:e65667. [PMID: 34488941 PMCID: PMC8428848 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfakinin (SK)/cholecystokinin (CCK)-type neuropeptides regulate feeding and digestion in protostomes (e.g. insects) and chordates. Here, we characterised SK/CCK-type signalling for the first time in a non-chordate deuterostome - the starfish Asterias rubens (phylum Echinodermata). In this species, two neuropeptides (ArSK/CCK1, ArSK/CCK2) derived from the precursor protein ArSK/CCKP act as ligands for an SK/CCK-type receptor (ArSK/CCKR) and these peptides/proteins are expressed in the nervous system, digestive system, tube feet, and body wall. Furthermore, ArSK/CCK1 and ArSK/CCK2 cause dose-dependent contraction of cardiac stomach, tube foot, and apical muscle preparations in vitro, and injection of these neuropeptides in vivo triggers cardiac stomach retraction and inhibition of the onset of feeding in A. rubens. Thus, an evolutionarily ancient role of SK/CCK-type neuropeptides as inhibitory regulators of feeding-related processes in the Bilateria has been conserved in the unusual and unique context of the extra-oral feeding behaviour and pentaradial body plan of an echinoderm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B Tinoco
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Biological & Behavioural SciencesLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Antón Barreiro-Iglesias
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Biological & Behavioural SciencesLondonUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Jérôme Delroisse
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Biological & Behavioural SciencesLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Ya Zhang
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Biological & Behavioural SciencesLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth F Gunner
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Biological & Behavioural SciencesLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Cleidiane G Zampronio
- School of Life Sciences and Proteomics, Research Technology Platform, University of WarwickCoventryUnited Kingdom
| | - Alexandra M Jones
- School of Life Sciences and Proteomics, Research Technology Platform, University of WarwickCoventryUnited Kingdom
| | - Michaela Egertová
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Biological & Behavioural SciencesLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Maurice R Elphick
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Biological & Behavioural SciencesLondonUnited Kingdom
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Guo D, Zhang YJ, Zhang S, Li J, Guo C, Pan YF, Zhang N, Liu CX, Jia YL, Li CY, Ma JY, Nässel DR, Gao CF, Wu SF. Cholecystokinin-like peptide mediates satiety by inhibiting sugar attraction. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009724. [PMID: 34398892 PMCID: PMC8366971 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Feeding is essential for animal survival and reproduction and is regulated by both internal states and external stimuli. However, little is known about how internal states influence the perception of external sensory cues that regulate feeding behavior. Here, we investigated the neuronal and molecular mechanisms behind nutritional state-mediated regulation of gustatory perception in control of feeding behavior in the brown planthopper and Drosophila. We found that feeding increases the expression of the cholecystokinin-like peptide, sulfakinin (SK), and the activity of a set of SK-expressing neurons. Starvation elevates the transcription of the sugar receptor Gr64f and SK negatively regulates the expression of Gr64f in both insects. Interestingly, we found that one of the two known SK receptors, CCKLR-17D3, is expressed by some of Gr64f-expressing neurons in the proboscis and proleg tarsi. Thus, we have identified SK as a neuropeptide signal in a neuronal circuitry that responds to food intake, and regulates feeding behavior by diminishing gustatory receptor gene expression and activity of sweet sensing GRNs. Our findings demonstrate one nutritional state-dependent pathway that modulates sweet perception and thereby feeding behavior, but our experiments cannot exclude further parallel pathways. Importantly, we show that the underlying mechanisms are conserved in the two distantly related insect species. Food intake is critical for animal survival and reproduction and is regulated both by internal states that signal appetite or satiety, and by external sensory stimuli. It is well known that the internal nutritional state influences the strength of the chemosensory perception of food signals. Thus, both gustatory and olfactory signals of preferred food are strengthened in hungry animals. However, the molecular mechanisms behind satiety-mediated modulation of taste are still not known. We show here that cholecystokinin-like (SK) peptide in brown planthopper and Drosophila signals satiety and inhibits sugar attraction by lowering the activity of sweet-sensing gustatory neurons and transcription of a sugar receptor gene, Gr64f. We show that SK peptide signaling reflects the nutritional state and inhibits feeding behavior. Re-feeding after starvation increases SK peptide expression and spontaneous activity of SK producing neurons. Interestingly, we found that SK peptide negatively regulates the expression of the sweet gustatory receptor and that activation of SK producing neurons inhibits the activity of sweet-sensing gustatory neurons (GRNs). Furthermore, we found that one of the two known SK peptide receptors is expressed in some sweet-sensing GRNs in the proboscis and proleg tarsi. In summary, our findings provide a mechanism that is conserved in distantly related insects and which explains how feeding state modulates sweet perception to regulate feeding behavior. Thus, we have identified a neuropeptide signal and its neuronal circuitry that respond to satiety, and that regulate feeding behavior by inhibiting gustatory receptor gene expression and activity of sweet sensing GRNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Guo
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China/State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi-Jie Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China/State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Jiangsu, China
| | - Su Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China/State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China/State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Feng Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China/State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen-Xi Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Long Jia
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China/State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen-Yu Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China/State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun-Yu Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China/State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dick R. Nässel
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cong-Fen Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China/State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shun-Fan Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China/State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail:
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8
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Słocińska M, Chowański S, Marciniak P. Identification of sulfakinin receptors (SKR) in Tenebrio molitor beetle and the influence of sulfakinins on carbohydrates metabolism. J Comp Physiol B 2020; 190:669-679. [PMID: 32749519 PMCID: PMC7441086 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-020-01300-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Sulfakinins (SKs) are pleiotropic neuropeptides commonly found in insects, structurally and functionally homologous to the mammalian gastrin/cholecystokinin (CCK) neuropeptides. SKs together with sulfakinin receptors (SKRs) are involved in sulfakinin signaling responsible for variety of biological functions, including food intake or fatty acid metabolism. In the present study, we determined the distribution of SKRs in Tenebrio molitor larvae and characterized the impact of nonsulfated and sulfated SKs on carbohydrates and insulin-like peptides (ILPs) level in beetle hemolymph. Our results indicate the presence of both sulfakinin receptors, SKR1 and SKR2, in the nervous system of T. molitor. The distribution of SKR2 in peripheral tissues was more widespread than SKR1, and their transcripts have been found in fat body, gut and hemolymph. This is also the first evidence for SKRs presence in insect hemocytes indicating immunotropic activity of SKs. Moreover, in the present study, we have demonstrated that SKs regulate ILPs and carbohydrates level in insect hemolymph, and that sulfation is not crucial for peptides activity. Our study confirms the role of SKs in maintaining energy homeostasis in beetles.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Słocińska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
| | - S Chowański
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - P Marciniak
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
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Sangha V, Lange AB, Orchard I. Identification and cloning of the kinin receptor in the Chagas disease vector, Rhodnius prolixus. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 289:113380. [PMID: 31891689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Within invertebrates, the kinin family of neuropeptides is responsible for the modulation of a host of physiological and behavioural processes. In Rhodnius prolixus, kinins are primarily responsible for eliciting myotropic effects on various feeding and diuresis-related tissues. Here, the R. prolixus kinin receptor (RhoprKR) has been identified, cloned and sequenced from the central nervous system (CNS) and hindgut of R. prolixus. Sequence analyses show high similarity and identity between RhoprKR and other cloned invertebrate kinin receptors. The expression profile of RhoprKR shows the RhoprKR transcript throughout the R. prolixus gut, with highest expression in the hindgut, suggesting a role of Rhopr-kinins in various aspects of feeding and digestion. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated knockdown of the RhoprKR transcript resulted in a significant reduction of hindgut contractions in response to Rhopr-kinin 2 and an Aib-containing kinin analog. dsRhoprKR- injected insects also consumed a significantly larger meal, suggesting a role of Rhopr-kinins in satiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Sangha
- Department of Biology University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada.
| | - Angela B Lange
- Department of Biology University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada.
| | - Ian Orchard
- Department of Biology University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada.
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10
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Sangha V, Nachman RJ, Lange A, Orchard I. Physiological effects of biostable kinin and CAPA analogs in the Chagas disease vector, Rhodnius prolixus. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 114:103223. [PMID: 31465823 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.103223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the Chagas disease vector Rhodnius prolixus, the kinin and CAPA family of neuropeptides are implicated in feeding and diuresis-related behaviours, with Rhopr-kinins stimulating contractions of the midgut, salivary glands, and hindgut, and RhoprCAPA-2 functioning as an anti-diuretic hormone. The current study examined the effects of kinin and CAPA neuropeptides and their analogs on feeding and diuresis, and on hindgut contractions and MT fluid secretion in R. prolixus. The biostable Aib-containing kinin analog 2139[Φ1]wp-2 was found to have antifeedant effects, and to be more potent than Rhopr-kinin 2 in stimulating hindgut contractions. The CAPA analog 2129-SP3[Φ3]wp-2 induced the intake of a larger blood meal, and increased the rate of post-prandial rapid diuresis. RhoprCAPA-2, but not its analog, potentiated hindgut contractions induced by Rhopr-kinin 2. Potentiation was observed with the CAPA analog on 5-HT-stimulated increases in frequency of hindgut contractions, whereas RhoprCAPA-2 inhibited this 5-HT-mediated stimulation. The CAPA analog induced hindgut contractions and prevented the inhibition induced by RhoprCAPA-2 on 5-HT-stimulated MT secretion. These results demonstrate novel interactions between Rhopr-kinin and RhoprCAPA-2 on the hindgut, possibly influencing post-feeding excretion. The kinin analog is a potent agonist of the kinin receptor, and the CAPA analog an antagonist of the CAPA receptor. The use of neuropeptide mimetics is a promising approach to vector control as they can disrupt behaviours, and the effects of these neuropeptide analogs highlight their value as lead compounds, given their ability to interfere with epidemiologically-relevant behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Sangha
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada.
| | - Ronald J Nachman
- Insect Control and Cotton Disease Research, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Centre, U.S Department of Agriculture, College Station, TX, 77845, USA
| | - Angela Lange
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Ian Orchard
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada
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Identification, Functional Characterization, and Pharmacological Analysis of Two Sulfakinin Receptors in the Medically-Important Insect Rhodnius prolixus. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13437. [PMID: 31530854 PMCID: PMC6748952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49790-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The chordate gastrin/cholecystokinin and ecdysozoan sulfakinin (SK)-signaling systems are functionally and structurally homologous. In the present study, we isolated the cDNA sequences encoding the SK receptors in Rhodnius prolixus (Rhopr-SKR-1 and Rhopr-SKR-2). The Rhopr-SKRs have been functionally characterized and their intracellular signaling pathways analysed via a functional receptor assay. Both Rhopr-SKRs are exclusively activated via the two native R. prolixus sulfakinins, Rhopr-SK-1 and Rhopr-SK-2, but not via nonsulfated Rhopr-SK-1. The Rhopr-SKRs are each linked to the intracellular Ca2+ second messenger pathway, and not to the cyclic AMP pathway. Spatial transcript expression analyses revealed that each Rhopr-SKR is predominantly expressed in the central nervous system with lower expression throughout peripheral tissues. The critical importance of the SK-signaling pathway in the blood-feeding behaviour of R. prolixus was demonstrated by knockdown of the transcripts for Rhopr-SKs and Rhopr-SKRs, which results in an increase in the mass of blood meal taken. The parasite causing Chagas disease is transmitted to the host after R. prolixus has taken a blood meal, and characterization of the SKRs provides further understanding of the coordination of feeding and satiation, and ultimately the transmission of the parasite.
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Schwartz J, Dubos MP, Pasquier J, Zatylny-Gaudin C, Favrel P. Emergence of a cholecystokinin/sulfakinin signalling system in Lophotrochozoa. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16424. [PMID: 30401878 PMCID: PMC6219549 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34700-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chordate gastrin/cholecystokinin (G/CCK) and ecdysozoan sulfakinin (SK) signalling systems represent divergent evolutionary scenarios of a common ancestral signalling system. The present article investigates for the first time the evolution of the CCK/SK signalling system in a member of the Lophotrochozoa, the second clade of protostome animals. We identified two G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) in the oyster Crassostrea gigas (Mollusca), phylogenetically related to chordate CCK receptors (CCKR) and to ecdysozoan sulfakinin receptors (SKR). These receptors, Cragi-CCKR1 and Cragi-CCKR2, were characterised functionally using a cell-based assay. We identified di- and mono-sulphated forms of oyster Cragi-CCK1 (pEGAWDY(SO3H)DY(SO3H)GLGGGRF-NH2) as the potent endogenous agonists for these receptors. The Cragi-CCK genes were expressed in the visceral ganglia of the nervous system. The Cragi-CCKR1 gene was expressed in a variety of tissues, while Cragi-CCKR2 gene expression was more restricted to nervous tissues. An in vitro bioassay revealed that different forms of Cragi-CCK1 decreased the frequency of the spontaneous contractions of oyster hindgut. Expression analyses in oysters with contrasted nutritional statuses or in the course of their reproductive cycle highlighted the plausible role of Cragi-CCK signalling in the regulation of feeding and its possible involvement in the coordination of nutrition and energy storage in the gonad. This study confirms the early origin of the CCK/SK signalling system from the common bilaterian ancestor and delivers new insights into its structural and functional evolution in the lophotrochozoan lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Schwartz
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Sorbonne Universités, MNHN, UPMC, UA, CNRS 7208, IRD 207, Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), CS14032, 14032, Caen, Cedex 5, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Dubos
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Sorbonne Universités, MNHN, UPMC, UA, CNRS 7208, IRD 207, Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), CS14032, 14032, Caen, Cedex 5, France
| | - Jérémy Pasquier
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Sorbonne Universités, MNHN, UPMC, UA, CNRS 7208, IRD 207, Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), CS14032, 14032, Caen, Cedex 5, France
| | - Céline Zatylny-Gaudin
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Sorbonne Universités, MNHN, UPMC, UA, CNRS 7208, IRD 207, Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), CS14032, 14032, Caen, Cedex 5, France
| | - Pascal Favrel
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Sorbonne Universités, MNHN, UPMC, UA, CNRS 7208, IRD 207, Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), CS14032, 14032, Caen, Cedex 5, France.
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