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Gao R, Ma S, Geng J, Zhang K, Xian L, Liu K, Cao P, Yuchi Z, Wu S. Functional Characterization of Double Mutations T929I/K1774N in the Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel of Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall) Related to Pyrethroid Resistance. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:11958-11967. [PMID: 38761134 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall), the main pest on legume vegetables, is controlled by pyrethroids in the field. Field strains of M. usitatus resistant to pyrethroids were collected from three areas in Hainan Province (Haikou, Ledong, and Sanya City), and two mutations, T929I and K1774N, were detected in the voltage-gated sodium channel. In this study, the sodium channel in M. usitatus was first subcloned and successfully expressed in Xenopus oocytes. The single mutation (T929I or K1774N) and double mutation (T929I/K1774N) shifted the voltage dependence of activation in the hyperpolarization direction. The three mutants all reduced the amplitude of tail currents induced by type I (permethrin and bifenthrin) and type II (deltamethrin and λ-cyhalothrin) pyrethroids. Homology modeling analysis of these two mutations shows that they may change the local hydrophobicity and positive charge of the sodium channel. Our data can be used to reveal the causes of the resistance of M. usitatus to pyrethroids and provide guidance for the comprehensive control of M. usitatus in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruibo Gao
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Shuyue Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Junjie Geng
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Limin Xian
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Kaiyang Liu
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Peng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drug Leads for Degenerative Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhiguang Yuchi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Shaoying Wu
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Danzhou 571737, China
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Lu Y, Wyckhuys KAG, Wu K. Pest Status, Bio-Ecology, and Area-Wide Management of Mirids in East Asia. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 69:393-413. [PMID: 37758221 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-121322-015345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Mirids (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae) feed upon a wide variety of cultivated and wild plants and can be economically important crop pests. They have traditionally been perceived as innocuous herbivores in East Asia; however, population levels of various mirid species have dramatically increased over the past decades. High-profile pests such as Apolygus spp., Adelphocoris spp., and Lygus spp. are now widely distributed across the region, and their infestation pressure is associated with climate, agroecological conditions, and farming practices. This review outlines how an in-depth understanding of pest biology, a systems-level characterization of pest ecology, and a comprehensive evaluation of integrated pest management tactics have enabled sustainable management of mirids across crop boundaries and harvest cycles. This work underscores how more holistic, integrative research approaches can accelerate the implementation of area-wide management of generalist pests, effectively prevent pest population build-up and yield impact, and shrink the environmental footprint of agriculture. In addition to highlighting the merits of interdisciplinary systems approaches, we discuss prospects and challenges for the sustainable management of polyphagous mirid pests in landscape matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China; ,
| | - Kris A G Wyckhuys
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China; ,
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia;
- Chrysalis Consulting, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Kongming Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China; ,
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Li Q, Yin Z, Tan W, Sun X, Cao H, Wang D. The resistance of the jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) to the devastating insect pest Apolygus lucorum (Hemiptera, Insecta) involves the jasmonic acid signaling pathway. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 196:105597. [PMID: 37945226 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Apolygus lucorum (Hemiptera, Insecta), cosmopolitan true bug, is a major pest of the Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba). To propose control measures of A. lucorum, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of resistance in two varieties of jujube (wild jujube and winter jujube) with different sensitivities to this pest. We monitored changes of two species of jujube in the transcriptome, jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) content, and the expression of genes involved in signaling pathways. The preference of A. lucorum for jujube with exogenous SA and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) were also examined. The results showed that wild jujube leaves infested by A. lucorum showed stronger resistance and non-selectivity to A. lucorum than winter jujube. By comparing data from the A. lucorum infested plants with the control, A total of 438 and 796 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in winter and wild jujube leaves, respectively. GO analysis revealed that biological process termed "plant-pathogen interactions", "plant hormone transduction" and "phenylpropanoid biosynthesis". Most of DEGs enriched in JA pathways were upregulated, while most DEGs of SA pathways were downregulated. A. lucorum increased the JA content but decreased the SA content in jujube. Consistently, the JA and SA contents in winter jujube were lower than those in wild jujube leaves. The key genes ZjFAD3, ZjLOX, ZjAOS, ZjAOC3 and ZjAOC4 involved in JA synthesis of jujube leaves were significantly up-regulated after A. lucorum infestation, especially the expression and up-regulation ratio of ZjFAD3, ZjLOX and ZjAOS in wild jujube were significantly higher than those in winter jujube. MeJA-treated jujube showed an obvious repellent effect on A. lucorum. Based on these findings, we conclude that A. lucorum infestation of jujube induced the JA pathway and suppressed the SA pathway. In jujube leaves the ZjFAD3, ZjLOX and ZjAOS played important roles in increasing of JA content in jujube leaves. Thus, JA played an important role in repelling and resisting against A. lucorum in jujube.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingliang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, China
| | - Zujun Yin
- Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Wei Tan
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, China.
| | - Xia Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, China
| | - Hui Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, China
| | - Deya Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang 277160, China
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do Nascimento ARB, Rodrigues JG, Kanno RH, de Amaral FSAE, Malaquias JB, Silva-Brandão KL, Cônsoli FL, Omoto C. Susceptibility monitoring and comparative gene expression of susceptible and resistant strains of Spodoptera frugiperda to lambda-cyhalothrin and chlorpyrifos. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:2206-2219. [PMID: 36750418 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) is a widespread agricultural pest with several records of resistance to different insecticides and Bt proteins, including the neurotoxic insecticides chlorpyrifos (organophosphate) and lambda-cyhalothrin (pyrethroid). Here, we (i) characterized and monitored the susceptibility of field populations of S. frugiperda to chlorpyrifos (194 populations) and lambda-cyhalothrin (197 populations) collected from major maize-growing regions of Brazil from 2003 to 2016, and (ii) compared gene expression levels of laboratory-selected, chlorpyrifos- and lambda-cyhalothrin-resistant strains to a susceptible reference strain (Sf-ss) of S. frugiperda. RESULTS The susceptibility monitoring detected average survival ranging from 29.3% to 36.0% for chlorpyrifos, and 23.1% to 68.0% for lambda-cyhalothrin. The resistance ratio of the chlorpyrifos-resistant strain (Clo-rr) was 25.4-fold and of the lambda-cyhalothrin-resistant strain (Lam-rr) was 21.5-fold. We identified 1098 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between Clo-rr and Sf-ss, and 303 DEGs between Lam-rr and Sf-ss. Functional analyses of the DEGs revealed the up-regulation of several detoxification enzymes, mainly cytochrome P450 belonging to CYP3 and CYP6 clans. Genes associated with regulatory processes, such as the forkhead box class O (FoxO) transcription factor were also up-regulated. Variant analysis of target-site mutations for both pesticides identified the A201S and F290V mutations in acetylcholinesterase-1, both occurring in heterozigosis in the Clo-rr S. frugiperda strain. CONCLUSION Our data show that the overexpression of the enzymatic detoxification machinery is the main difference to explain the resistance of Clo-rr and Lam-rr strains of S. frugiperda to chlorpyrifos and lambda-cyhalothrin, although a target-site mutation also contributes to the Clo-rr resistance to chlorpyrifos. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juliana Gonzales Rodrigues
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Rubens Hideo Kanno
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | - José Bruno Malaquias
- Entomology Laboratory, Agrarian Science Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, Brazil
| | - Karina Lucas Silva-Brandão
- Center for Taxonomy and Morphology, Museum of Zoology, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fernando Luís Cônsoli
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Celso Omoto
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
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Sun Y, Li Y, Zhang W, Jiang B, Tao SM, Dai HY, Xu XT, Sun YX, Yang L, Zhang YJ. The main component of the aphid alarm pheromone ( E)-β-farnesene affects the growth and development of Spodoptera exigua by mediating juvenile hormone-related genes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:863626. [PMID: 36082292 PMCID: PMC9445801 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.863626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The (E)-β-farnesene (EβF) is one of the most important secondary metabolites in some plants and provides indirect defense against aphids. However, the direct effect of EβF against pests is still unclear. In this study, various concentrations of EβF (0.16, 0.8, and 4 g/kg) were provided in an artificial diet to determine the direct effects of EβF on Spodoptera exigua. The results showed that an artificial diet containing 4 g/kg of EβF reduced the final survival of the S. exigua larvae and per female fecundity of adults significantly when compared with CK and SC controls (p < 0.05), then ultimately it also significantly affected the intrinsic rate of increase (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the results of the EβF bioassay in an artificial diet also indicated that the proliferation of the S. exigua population was inhibited by the ingestion of EβF in a dose-dependent manner. Combined differential RNA-seq data and RT-qPCR analysis, it was found that four key genes involved in juvenile hormone degradation significantly upregulated in S. exigua larvae treated by EβF at a dose of 0.8 and 4 g/kg when compared with two controls (p < 0.05). This indicated that EβF could disturb the normal function of juvenile hormones and reduce the survival rate of S. exigua larvae. Additionally, two key genes that regulate per fecundity of S. exigua females, including SeVg and SeVgR, were significantly downregulated in adult females (p < 0.05) when they were treated with 0.8 and 4 g/kg of EβF at the larval stage, relative to the expression of these genes after treatment with controls. These findings suggested that EβF first disturbed the normal function of juvenile hormone by upregulating key degradation genes, and then inhibited the expression of SeVg/SeVgR genes and proteins, thus reducing the population size of S. exigua by increasing larval mortality and inhibiting per female fecundity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Use of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Use of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
- Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Use of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Use of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Si-Min Tao
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Use of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Han-Yang Dai
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Tong Xu
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Use of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Yue-Xin Sun
- Key Laboratory for Conservation and Use of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong-Jun Zhang
- Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Li H, Ma Y, Yao T, Ma L, Zhang J, Li C. Biodegradation Pathway and Detoxification of β-cyfluthrin by the Bacterial Consortium and Its Bacterial Community Structure. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:7626-7635. [PMID: 35698868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the process of microbial degradation of pyrethroid pesticides, the synergistic effect of the microbial community is more conducive to the complete degradation of toxic compounds than a single strain. At present, the degradation pathway of pyrethroids in a single strain has been well revealed, but the synergistic metabolism at the community level has not been well explained. This study elucidated the bacterial community succession, metabolic pathway, and phytotoxicity assessment during β-cyfluthrin biodegradation by a novel bacterial consortium enriched from contaminated soil. The results showed that the half-life of β-cyfluthrin at different initial concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 mg mL-1 were 4.16, 7.34, 12.81, and 22.73 days, respectively. Enterobacter was involved in β-cyfluthrin degradation metabolism in the initial stage, and other bacterial genera (Microbacterium, Ochrobactrum, Pseudomonas, Hyphomicrobiaceae, Achromobacter, etc.) significantly contribute to the degradation of intermediate metabolites in the later stages. Functional gene prediction and metabolite analysis showed that xenobiotic biodegradation and metabolism, especially benzoate degradation and metabolism by cytochrome P450 were the major means of β-cyfluthrin degradation. Further, two degradation pathways of β-cyfluthrin were proposed, which were mainly ester hydrolysis and oxidation to degrade β-cyfluthrin through the production of carboxylesterase and oxidoreductase. In addition, the inoculated bacterial consortium could degrade β-cyfluthrin residues in water and soil and reduce its phytotoxicity in Medicago sativa. Hence, this novel bacterial consortium has important application in the remediation environments polluted by β-cyfluthrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyun Li
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem of the Ministry of Education, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yachun Ma
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem of the Ministry of Education, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, P.R. China
| | - Tuo Yao
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem of the Ministry of Education, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, P.R. China
| | - Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, P.R. China
| | - Jiangui Zhang
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem of the Ministry of Education, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, P.R. China
| | - Changning Li
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem of the Ministry of Education, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, P.R. China
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Li F, Lin L, Wang H, Duan W, Yuan L, Cao P, Yuchi Z, Wu S. Functional characterization of knockdown resistance mutations in the plant bug, Apolygus lucorum Meyer-Dür. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 176:104874. [PMID: 34119219 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Apolygus lucorum could cause severe economic damage to crops in China. The pest has been controlled by pyrethroids, and the target of pyrethroids is voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav). Double mutation (L1002F/D941G) was detected in a field-strain of A. lucorum . We found there was single mutation L1002F and double mutation L1002F/D941G, but no single mutation D941G in the field. The tail currents of L1002F and L1002F/D941G were reduced by two types pyrethroid. In contrast, D941G showed a similar activity as wild type channel. D941G and L1002F are both located in domain II but do not face the pyrethroid-binding pocket directly, suggesting that they might affect the insecticide-binding allosterically. L1002F/D941G has significantly different responses to pyrethroids compared to the wild type, but D941G alone has little effect compared to wild type. Our finding demonstrates that some mutation do not cause resistance by itself but can enhance the resistance combined with other mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Li
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Lianyun Lin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; China College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Wenbo Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; China College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Linlin Yuan
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Peng Cao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhiguang Yuchi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Shaoying Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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Tan Y, Ma Y, Jia B, Homem RA, Williamson MS, Gao SJ, Han HB, Xiang KF, Sun XT, Gao X, Pang BP. Laboratory Selection, Cross-Resistance, Risk Assessment to Lambda-Cyhalothrin Resistance, and Monitoring of Insecticide Resistance for Plant Bug Lygus pratensis (Hemiptera: Miridae) in Farming-Pastoral Ecotones of Northern China. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 114:891-902. [PMID: 33503252 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The plant bug Lygus pratensis Linnaeus (Hemiptera: Miridae) is an important insect pest of alfalfa in grassland farming in northern China. A field population of L. pratensis was selected in the laboratory for 14 consecutive generations with lambda-cyhalothrin to generate 42.555-fold resistance. Selection also induced low cross-resistance to imidacloprid and beta-cypermethrin, and medium cross-resistance to deltamethrin. Realized heritability (h2) of lambda-cyhalothrin resistance was 0.339. Susceptible baselines of L. pratensis were established for five insecticides using the glass-vial method, the values of which were 6.849, 3.423, 8.778, 3.559, and 117.553 ng/cm2 for phoxim, methomyl, imidacloprid, lambda-cyhalothrin, and avermectin, respectively, along with the calculated LC99 diagnostic doses. This resistance risk assessment study suggests that a high risk of lambda-cyhalothrin resistance exists in the field. In addition, a 5-year field investigation of resistance monitoring of L. pratensis was conducted in seven alfalfa regions in farming-pastoral ecotones in northern China. The resistance levels of most populations were very low for phoxim, methomyl, and avermectin, with an upward trend for lambda-cyhalothrin resistance in the DK (Dengkou County), TKT (Tuoketuo County), XL (Xilinhot), and LX (Linxi County) populations during 2015-2019, and medium resistance level to imidacloprid in the TKT population in five years we sampled. The study provided information on chemical control, lambda-cyhalothrin resistance development, baseline susceptibility, and the status of resistance to five commonly-used insecticides against L. pratensis. These results could be used to optimize pyrethroid insecticide use as part of a pest integrated resistance management strategy against this key insect pest of alfalfa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Tan
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts, UK
| | - Yi Ma
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Bing Jia
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | | | | | - Shu-Jing Gao
- Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hai-Bin Han
- Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | | | - Xue-Tao Sun
- Chi Feng Grassland workstation, Chi Feng, China
| | - Xia Gao
- College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Bao-Ping Pang
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
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Zuo K, Yang Y, Wu Y, Wu S. Genetic analysis and molecular detection of resistance to chlorpyrifos mediated by the A216S substitution in acetylcholinesterase-1 in the plant bug Apolygus lucorum. INSECT SCIENCE 2020; 27:1224-1232. [PMID: 31846210 PMCID: PMC7687093 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The green plant bug Apolygus lucorum is a major pest of Bacillus thuringiensis cotton in China. Previously, we reported that chlorpyrifos resistance in a laboratory-selected strain of A. lucorum (BZ-R) is associated with the homozygosis of an allele in the ace-1 gene encoding an alanine to serine substitution at position 216 of acetylcholinesterase-1. Here we describe the results of crosses between the resistant BZ-R strain (41-fold to chlorpyrifos) and the unselected susceptible BZ-S strain homozygous for the wild type alanine allele at position 216. Resistance to chlorpyrifos was inherited as a semi-dominant trait mainly controlled by a single autosomal gene and co-segregates strongly but not completely with the serine substitution in ace-1. Synergism bioassays and enzyme assays showed that minor contributions to resistance are also made by enhanced cytochrome P450 and carboxylesterase activities. A survey of 25 field populations from five Chinese provinces showed strong positive correlations between 50% lethal concentration against chlorpyrifos and S216 allele and genotype frequencies, although the most tolerant populations still only show 40%-50% S216 allele frequencies. The results above provide important information for designing effective resistance monitoring and management strategies for A. lucorum in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai‐Ran Zuo
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yi‐Hua Yang
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yi‐Dong Wu
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Shu‐Wen Wu
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
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Wang L, Lin L, Wang H, Duan W, Li F, Zhang K, Cao P, Yuchi Z, Wu S. Two classic mutations in the linker-helix IIL45 and segment IIS6 of Apolygus lucorum sodium channel confer pyrethroid resistance. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:3954-3964. [PMID: 32506650 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyrethroids are classified as type I and type II for distinct symptomology. Voltage-gated sodium channel is a primary target of pyrethroids. Mutations of the insect sodium channel have been identified to result in resistance to pyrethroids. Double mutation (L1002 F/M906 I) was detected in field-strain of Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür). Although, it was illuminated the function of the same position mutation in other pests, it is necessary to demonstrate the role in A. lucorum . RESULTS In this study, we examined the effects of mutations on channel gating and pyrethroid sensitivity in Xenopus oocytes. L1002 F, M906 I and L1002 F/M906 I all shifted the voltage dependence of activation in the depolarizing direction. L1002 F, M906 I and L1002 F/M906 I all reduced the amplitude of tail currents induced by type I (bifenthrin and permethrin) and type II (λ-cyhalothrin and deltamethrin). The double mutation, L1002 F/M906 I, reduced integral channel modification by 10-fold compared with the L1002 F and M906 I mutations alone, respectively. Computational analysis based on the model of dual pyrethroid receptors, the two resistance mutations, L1002 F and M906 I are facing two opposite sides of this newly identified pocket. Both mutations affect the optimal binding of the ligands by changing the shape of the pocket but in different ways. CONCLUSION Our results illustrate the distinct effect of mutations on pyrethroids. It is predicted with computer modeling that these mutations allosterically affect pyrethroid binding. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Likui Wang
- Hainan University, Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| | - Lianyun Lin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Hainan University, Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| | - Wenbo Duan
- Hainan University, Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| | - Fen Li
- Hainan University, Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Hainan University, Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targets and Drug Leads for Degenerative Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiguang Yuchi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaoying Wu
- Hainan University, Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
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11
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Zhang K, Chen M, Wang H, Duan W, Wang Q, Li F, Deng D, Bandason E, Wu S. Molecular characterization and functional expression of voltage-gated sodium channel variants in Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:2095-2104. [PMID: 31944525 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür) is a serious worldwide agricultural pest, especially for Bt cotton in China. Pyrethroids, neonicotinoids and organophosphates are the most effective insecticides to control piercing and sucking insects, including A. lucorum. The voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav ) is major target site of pyrethroids. Extensive alternative splicing and RNA editing, two major post-transcriptional mechanisms, contribute to generate different functional sodium channel variants. In our research, we characterized the sodium channel variants of A. lucorum. RESULTS In this study, we isolated numerous sodium channel variants that cover the entire coding region of the VGSC gene from A. lucorum. All clones could be grouped into 47 splice types based on the presence of nine alternative exons (exons j, n, o, a, p, b, s, q and t). Exons j, b and t were located independently, while exons n, o, a and p were located adjacently, as were exons s and q. We also found 35 nucleotide changes in different positions in individual variants, of which 18 nucleotide changes were A-to-I RNA editing, 11 nucleotide changes were likely due to U-to-C or C-to-U editing, and the others were likely natural sequence polymorphisms in the population. Furthermore, we expressed all of the variants in Xenopus oocytes. Eighteen of them were expressed in oocytes and sensitive to tetrodotoxin. CONCLUSION Our results provide a functional basis for understanding how A. lucorum sodium channel variants work in regulating channel expression, pharmacology and gating properties for agricultural insects. Apolygus lucorum is widely distributed in cotton production. Our results suggest how AlNav (the sodium channel of A.lucorum) variants work in regulating channel expression, pharmacology and sodium channel gating for agricultural insects in the future. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengli Chen
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenbo Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Fen Li
- College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| | - Denghui Deng
- College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Elizabeth Bandason
- Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Shaoying Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
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12
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Sun H, Du Y, Liu Z, Dong K. Distinct functional properties of sodium channel variants are associated with usage of alternative exons in Nilaparvata lugens. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 118:103292. [PMID: 31811885 PMCID: PMC7085919 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.103292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav) are essential for electrical signaling in the nervous system. They are also the primary targets of several classes of insecticides including pyrethroids. There is only one sodium channel gene in most insect species, whereas mammals possess at least nine sodium channel genes. Extensive alternative splicing and RNA editing of sodium channel transcripts have been documented in many insect species. However, the functional consequences of these post-transcriptional events have been evaluated only in DmNav and BgNav from Drosophila melanogaster and Blattella germanica, respectively. In this study, we isolated 41 full-length cDNA clones encoding 34 sodium channel (NlNav) variants from a major rice pest, the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål). The 34 NlNav variants represent 24 distinct splicing types based on the usage of nine alternative exons, six of which, including exon b, have been previously reported in other insect species. When expressed in Xenopus oocytes, NlNav variants lacking exon b generated significantly larger sodium currents than variants possessing exon b, suggesting an inhibitory effect of exon b on sodium current expression. A similar effect has been reported for exon b from BgNav. Mutational analysis showed that three conserved amino acid residues encoded by exon b are critical for its inhibitory effect. In addition, mutually exclusive exons k/l contribute to distinct functional properties and channel sensitivity to pyrethroids. Altogether, these results show that alternative splicing generates functional diversity of sodium channels in this insect species and that the role of exon b in regulating neuronal excitability is likely conserved among insect species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huahua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Department of Entomology, Genetics and Neuroscience Programs, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Yuzhe Du
- Department of Entomology, Genetics and Neuroscience Programs, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Zewen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ke Dong
- Department of Entomology, Genetics and Neuroscience Programs, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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Zhen C, Tan Y, Miao L, Wu J, Gao X. Overexpression of cytochrome P450s in a lambda-cyhalothrin resistant population of Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198671. [PMID: 29949596 PMCID: PMC6021084 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The mirid bug, Apolygus lucorum Meyer-Dür, has been an important pest of cotton crop in China, and is primarily controlled with insecticides, such as pyrethroids. To elucidate the potential resistant mechanisms of A. lucorum to lambda-cyhalothrin, a series of biological, biochemical, and molecular assays were conducted in the reference (AL-S) and lambda-cyhalothrin-resistant (AL-R) populations. Comparison of the molecular target of pyrethroid insecticides, voltage-gated sodium channel, revealed that there were no mutation sites in the resistant population, indicating target insensitivity is not responsible for increased resistance of AL-R to lambda-cyhalothrin. Furthermore, the synergism assays and the activities of detoxification enzymes were performed to determine detoxification mechanism conferring the lambda-cyhalothrin resistance. In the tested synergists, the piperonyl butoxide had the highest synergism ratio against lambda-cyhalothrin, which was up to five-fold in both populations. In addition, the result also showed that only cytochrome P450 had significantly higher O-deethylase activity with 7-ethoxycoumarin (1.78-fold) in AL-R population compared with AL-S population. Seven cytochrome P450 genes were found to be significantly overexpressed in the resistant AL-R population compared with AL-S population. Taken together, these results demonstrate that multiple over-transcribed cytochrome P450 genes would be involved in the development of lambda-cyhalothrin resistance in AL-R population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congai Zhen
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Tan
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Grassland Entomology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ling Miao
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (XG); (JW)
| | - Xiwu Gao
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (XG); (JW)
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14
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Zhen C, Miao L, Gao X. Sublethal effects of sulfoxaflor on biological characteristics and vitellogenin gene (AlVg) expression in the mirid bug, Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 144:57-63. [PMID: 29463409 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The mirid bug, Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür) has evolved the resistance towards some traditional insecticides, especially pyrethroids and organophosphates. Sulfoxaflor, as a novel insecticide, is used for control of sap-feeding insects, like A. lucorum. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the acute toxicity and the potential sublethal effects of sulfoxaflor in A. lucorum. Here, the LD50 value of sulfoxaflor against A. lucorum was assayed as 3.347ng/adult at 48h via topical application. Besides, the effects of a sublethal dose (LD15) of sulfoxaflor on biological characteristics of A. lucorum were estimated by comparison of the life table parameters. The longevities and fecundity of parent generation did not exhibited significant difference between both control and treatment groups after exposure to LD15 dose of sulfoxaflor (0.568ng/adult) for 48-h. However, the parameters reflecting their progeny G1 generation population dynamics, including the intrinsic rate of increase (ri), the finite rate of increase (λ), the mean generation time (T), the net reproductive rate (R0) and gross reproduction rate (GRR) significantly reduced in the treatment group compared to the control. Furthermore, the expression level of AlVg mRNA significantly decreased by 43.8% in the progeny whose parents were treated with LD15 dose of sulfoxaflor in comparison with the control transgenerational female adults. These results suggested that sublethal dose of sulfoxaflor adversely affect the development and reproduction of transgenerational A. lucorum. The downregulation of AlVg might have negative impacts on the fecundity of A. lucorum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congai Zhen
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Ling Miao
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiwu Gao
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Liu S, Zhang YX, Wang WL, Zhang BX, Li SG. Identification and characterisation of seventeen glutathione S-transferase genes from the cabbage white butterfly Pieris rapae. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 143:102-110. [PMID: 29183577 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Insect glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play essential roles in the detoxification of insecticides and other xenobiotic compounds. The cabbage white butterfly, Pieris rapae, is an economically important agricultural pest. In this study, 17 cDNA sequences encoding putative GSTs were identified in P. rapae. All cDNAs include a complete open reading frame and were designated PrGSTd1-PrGSTz2. Based on phylogenetic analysis, PrGSTs were divided into six classes (delta, epsilon, omega, sigma, theta and zeta). The exon-intron organizations of these PrGSTs were also analysed. Recombinant proteins of eight PrGSTs (PrGSTD1, PrGSTD2, PrGSTE1, PrGSTE2, PrGSTO1, PrGSTS1, PrGSTT1 and PrGSTZ1) were heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli, and all of these proteins displayed glutathione-conjugating activity towards 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB). Expression patterns in various larval tissues, at different life stages, and following exposure to sublethal doses of abamectin, chlorantraniliprole or lambda-cyhalothrin were determined by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The results showed that PrGSTe3, PrGSTs1, PrGSTs2, and PrGSTs4 were mainly transcribed in the fat body, while PrGSTe2 was expressed predominantly in the Malpighian tubules. Four genes (PrGSTe2, PrGSTo4, PrGSTs4 and PrGSTt1) were mainly expressed in fourth-instar larvae, while others were ubiquitously expressed in egg, larval, pupa and/or adult stages. Abamectin treatment significantly upregulated ten genes (PrGSTd1, PrGSTd3, PrGSTe1, PrGSTe2, PrGSTo1, PrGSTo3, PrGSTs1, PrGSTs3, PrGSTs4 and PrGSTt1). Chlorantraniliprole and lambda-cyhalothrin treatment significantly upregulated nine genes (PrGSTd1, PrGSTd2, PrGSTe1, PrGSTe2, PrGSTe3, PrGSTs1, PrGSTs3, PrGSTs4 and PrGSTz1) and ten genes (PrGSTd1, PrGSTd3, PrGSTe1, PrGSTe2, PrGSTo1, PrGSTo2, PrGSTs1, PrGSTs2, PrGSTs3 and PrGSTz2), respectively. These GSTs are potentially involved in the detoxification of insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Yu-Xing Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Wen-Long Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Bang-Xian Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Shi-Guang Li
- College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China.
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16
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Chen D, Chen F, Chen C, Chen X, Mao Y. Transcriptome analysis of three cotton pests reveals features of gene expressions in the mesophyll feeder Apolygus lucorum. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2017; 60:826-838. [PMID: 28730342 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-017-9065-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The green mirid bug Apolygus lucorum is an agricultural pest that is known to cause damage to more than 150 plant species. Here, we report the transcriptomes of A. lucorum at three different developmental stages (the second and fifth instar nymphs and adults). A total of 98,236 unigenes with an average length of 1,335 nt was obtained, of which 50,640 were annotated, including those encoding digestive enzymes and cytochrome P450s. Comparisons with cotton bollworm and cotton aphid transcriptomes revealed distinct features of A. lucorum as a mesophyll feeder. The gene expression dynamics varied during development from young nymphs to adults. The high-quality transcriptome data and the gene expression dynamics reported here provide valuable data for a more comprehensive understanding of the physiology and development of mirid bugs, and for mining targets for their control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianyang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fangyan Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunyu Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoya Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Yingbo Mao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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