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Yang QQ, Li SC, Cui YY, Huang ZH, Cheng LY, Zhang SH, Wu Z, Yu SJ, Pan Q, Ding LL, Lei S, Liu L, Cong L, Ran C. Identification and Functional Characterization of Carboxylesterase Genes Involved in Spirodiclofen Resistance in Panonychus citri (McGregor). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:17306-17316. [PMID: 39054269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c04094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Overexpression of carboxyl/cholinesterase (CCE) genes has been reported to be associated with many cases of pesticide resistance in arthropods. However, it has been rarely documented that CCE genes participate in spirodiclofen resistance in Panonychus citri. In previous research, we found that spirodiclofen resistance is related to increased P450 and CCE enzyme activities in P. citri. In this study, we identified two CCE genes, PcCCE3 and PcCCE5, which were significantly upregulated in spirodiclofen-resistant strain and after exposure to spirodiclofen. RNA interference of PcCCE3 and PcCCE5 increased the spirodiclofen susceptibility in P. citri. In vitro metabolism indicated that PcCCE3 and PcCCE5 could interact with spirodiclofen, but metabolites were detected only in the PcCCE3 treatment. Our results indicated that PcCCE3 participates in spirodiclofen resistance through direct metabolism, and PcCCE5 may be involved in the spirodiclofen resistance by passive binding and sequestration, which provides new insights into spirodiclofen resistance in P. citri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Qi Yang
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Si-Chen Li
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Yang-Yang Cui
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Ze-Hao Huang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lu-Yan Cheng
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
- Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing 401121, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Hui Zhang
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Shi-Jiang Yu
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Qi Pan
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Li-Li Ding
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Shuang Lei
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Liu Liu
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Lin Cong
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Chun Ran
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
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Pan D, Luo QJ, O Reilly AO, Yuan GR, Wang JJ, Dou W. Mutations of voltage-gated sodium channel contribute to pyrethroid resistance in Panonychus citri. INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 31:803-816. [PMID: 37650774 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Insecticide resistance in Panonychus citri is a major obstacle to mite control in citrus orchards. Pyrethroid insecticides are continually used to control mites in China, although resistance to pyrethroids has evolved in some populations. Here, the resistance to the pyrethroid fenpropathrin was investigated and 7 out of 8 field-collected populations of P. citri exhibited a high level of resistance, ranging from 171-fold to 15 391-fold higher than the susceptible (SS) comparison strain. Three voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) mutations were identified in the tested populations: L1031V, F1747L, and F1751I. Amplicon sequencing was used to evaluate the frequency of these mutations in the 19 field populations. L1031V and F1751I were present in all populations at frequencies of 11.6%-82.1% and 0.5%-31.8%, respectively, whereas the F1747L mutation was only present in 12 populations from Chongqing, Sichuan, Guangxi, and Yunnan provinces. Introduction of these mutations singly or in combination into transgenic flies significantly increased their resistance to fenpropathrin and these flies also exhibited reduced mortality after exposure to the pyrethroids permethrin and β-cypermethrin. Panonychus citri VGSC homology modeling and ligand docking indicate that F1747 and F1751 form direct binding contacts with pyrethroids, which are lost with mutation, whereas L1031 mutation may diminish pyrethroid effects through an allosteric mechanism. Overall, the results provide molecular markers for monitoring pest resistance to pyrethroids and offer new insights into the basis of pyrethroid actions on sodium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiu-Juan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Andrias O O Reilly
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Guo-Rui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Alpkent YN, Ferizli AG. Monitoring detoxification enzyme levels and resistance of Tetranychus urticae against some METI-group chemicals in Türkiye cotton fields. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2024; 93:211-227. [PMID: 38864992 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-024-00923-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Acaricides used against Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836 (Acari: Tetranychidae) in cotton fields cause control failure over time. To determine the resistance status of T. urticae populations to tebufenpyrad and bifenazate, different populations collected from Aydın (AYD), Adana (ADA), Şanlıurfa (SAN), and Diyarbakır (DIY) provinces of Türkiye, between 2019 and 2020, were subjected to diagnostic dose bioassays. Firstly, the spider mites were eliminated with a discriminating dose. Afterwards, LC50 and LC90 of the remaining populations were determined and the ten highest resistant populations were selected. The highest phenotypic resistance to bifenazate was observed in AYD4 and DIY2 (LC50 57.14 mg L- 1 with 85.01-fold and LC50 30.15 mg L- 1with 44.86-fold, respectively), while the lowest phenotypic resistance was found in SAN6 (LC50 1.5 mg L- 1; 2.28-fold). Considering the phenotypic resistance to tebufenpyrad, the highest resistance was found in AYD4 population (LC50 96.81 mg L- 1; 12.92-fold), while the lowest - in DIY28 population (LC50 21.23 mg L- 1; 2.83-fold). In pharmacokinetic studies, the ADA16 population was compared with the sensitive German Susceptible Strain population and it was determined that carboxylesterase activity was statistically higher (1.46 ± 0.04 nmol/min/mg protein enzyme activation 2.70-fold). The highest activation of glutathione S-transferase was detected in ADA16 (1.49 ± 0.01 nmol/min/mg protein; 2.32-fold). No mutations were found in PSST (METI 1), the point mutation site for tebufenpyrad, and Cytb (METI 3), the point mutation site for bifenazate. In terms of phenotypic resistance, bifenazate was found to be moderately resistant in two populations (85.01 and 44.86-fold), while tebufenpyrad was moderately resistant in one population (12.92-fold). This study showed that both acaricides are still effective against T. urticae populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasin Nazım Alpkent
- Directorate of Plant Protection Central Research Institute, Ankara, Yenimahalle, 06172, Türkiye.
| | - Ahmet Güray Ferizli
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Ankara, Diskapi, 06110, Türkiye
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Assouguem A, Joutei AB, Lahlali R, Kara M, Bari A, Ali EA, Fidan H, Laabidine HZ, El Ouati Y, Farah A, Lazraq A. Evaluation of the impact of two citrus plants on the variation of Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae) and beneficial phytoseiid mites. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220837. [PMID: 38585628 PMCID: PMC10997146 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The abundance of Panonychus citri McGregor 1916 (Acari: Tetranychidae) and its associated enemies (Euseius stipulatus Athias-Henriot, 1960; Typhlodromus sp.; Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot, 1957) was studied on two 12-year-old citrus cultivars, specifically Clementine "Nules" (Citrus Clementina) and Valencia (Citrus sinensis), in the Gharb region of Morocco. Throughout the entire monitoring period in the Valencia late cultivar, the density of the spider mite P. citri on leaves was notably higher at 38.0% (n = 1,212 mobile forms). Predator P. persimilis exhibited a leaf occupancy of 25.0% (n = 812), followed by Typhlodromus sp. at 20.0% (n = 643). Conversely, the abundance of E. stipulatus was lower at 17.0% (n = 538). In the Nules variety, P. citri abundance recorded a higher percentage at 48.0% (n = 1,922). E. stipulatus emerged as the most abundant predator at 23.0% (n = 898), followed by P. persimilis with 16.0% (n = 639). Meanwhile, the population of Typlodromus sp. remained notably low at 13.0% (n = 498). Regarding the fluctuation of the different mites studied on the two cultivars across monitoring dates, the period from May 4 to June 1 was characterized by low temperatures and a diminished presence of mite populations (P. citri, E. stipulatus, Typhlodromus sp., and P. persimilis). However, from June 7 to June 19, characterized by high temperatures, a notable increase in the presence of mite populations was observed. As regards the effect of the variety on the different mites studied, the varietal impact was significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amine Assouguem
- Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Street, P.O. Box 2202, Fez, Morocco
- Department of Protection of Plants and Environment, National School of Agriculture, Meknes, Morocco
| | | | - Rachid Lahlali
- Department of Protection of Plants and Environment, National School of Agriculture, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Kara
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Conservation and Valorisation of Natural Resources (LBCVNR), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah University, BP 1796 Atlas, Fez30000, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Bari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam A. Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafize Fidan
- Department of Tourism and Culinary Management, Faculty of Economics, University of Food Technologies, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Hajar Zine Laabidine
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, the Law, Philosophy and Society Laboratory (ESSOR), The Faculty of Law, Economic and Social Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah University, BP 1796 Atlas, Fez30000, Morocco
| | - Younouss El Ouati
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, the Law, Philosophy and Society Laboratory (ESSOR), The Faculty of Law, Economic and Social Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah University, BP 1796 Atlas, Fez30000, Morocco
| | - Abdellah Farah
- Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Street, FezP.O. Box 2202, Morocco
| | - Abderrahim Lazraq
- Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Street, P.O. Box 2202, Fez, Morocco
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Wang H, Wang H, Xin T, Xia B. Knockdown of the ABCG23 Gene Disrupts the Development and Lipid Accumulation of Panonychus citri (Acari/Tetranychidae). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:827. [PMID: 38255901 PMCID: PMC10815512 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Panonychus citri is a worldwide citrus pest that is currently controlled through the use of insecticides. However, alternative strategies are required to manage P. citri. Recent studies suggest that the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter G subfamily plays a crucial role in transporting cuticular lipids, which are essential for the insect's barrier function against microbial penetration. Therefore, investigating the potential of the ABC transporter G subfamily as a control measure for P. citri could be a promising approach. Based on the genome database, the gene was cloned, and the transcriptional response of ABCG23 for the different developmental stages of P. citri and under spirobudiclofen stress was investigated. Our results showed that the expression level of ABCG23 was significantly lower in adult females exposed to treatment compared to the control and was higher in females than males. The knockdown of ABCG23 using RNAi led to a decrease in the survival rate, fecundity, and TG contents of P. citri. Additionally, a lethal phenotype was characterized by body wrinkling and darkening. These results indicate that ABCG23 may be involved in cuticular lipid transportation and have adverse effects on the development and reproduction of P. citri, providing insight into the discovery of new targets for pest management based on the insect cuticle's penetration barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bin Xia
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; (H.W.); (H.W.); (T.X.)
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Pan D, Xia M, Li C, Liu X, Archdeacon L, O'Reilly AO, Yuan G, Wang J, Dou W. CYP4CL2 Confers Metabolic Resistance to Pyridaben in the Citrus Pest Mite Panonychus citri. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:19465-19474. [PMID: 38048568 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
The citrus red mite Panonychus citri has developed strong resistance to acaricides. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) can detoxify pesticides and are involved in pesticide resistance in many insects. Here, a pyridaben-resistant P. citri strain showed cross-resistance to cyenopyrafen, bifenazate, fenpyroximate, and tolfenpyrad. Piperonyl butoxide, a P450 inhibitor, significantly increased the toxicity of pyridaben to resistant (Pyr_Rs) and susceptible (Pyr_Control) P. citri strains. P450 activity was significantly higher in Pyr_Rs than in Pyr_Control. Analyses of RNA-Seq data identified a P450 gene (CYP4CL2) that is potentially involved in pyridaben resistance. Consistently, it was up-regulated in two field-derived resistant populations (CQ_WZ and CQ_TN). RNA interference-mediated knockdown of CYP4CL2 significantly decreased the pyridaben resistance in P. citri. Transgenic Drosophila melanogaster expressing CYP4CL2 showed increased pyridaben resistance. Molecular docking analysis showed that pyridaben could bind to several amino acids at substrate recognition sites in CYP4CL2. These findings shed light on P450-mediated pyridaben resistance in pest mites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Menghao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chuanzhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xunyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lewis Archdeacon
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 5UX, U.K
| | - Andrias O O'Reilly
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 5UX, U.K
| | - Guorui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jinjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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De Rouck S, İnak E, Dermauw W, Van Leeuwen T. A review of the molecular mechanisms of acaricide resistance in mites and ticks. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 159:103981. [PMID: 37391089 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.103981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The Arachnida subclass of Acari comprises many harmful pests that threaten agriculture as well as animal health, including herbivorous spider mites, the bee parasite Varroa, the poultry mite Dermanyssus and several species of ticks. Especially in agriculture, acaricides are often used intensively to minimize the damage they inflict, promoting the development of resistance. Beneficial predatory mites used in biological control are also subjected to acaricide selection in the field. The development and use of new genetic and genomic tools such as genome and transcriptome sequencing, bulked segregant analysis (QTL mapping), and reverse genetics via RNAi or CRISPR/Cas9, have greatly increased our understanding of the molecular genetic mechanisms of resistance in Acari, especially in the spider mite Tetranychus urticae which emerged as a model species. These new techniques allowed to uncover and validate new resistance mutations in a larger range of species. In addition, they provided an impetus to start elucidating more challenging questions on mechanisms of gene regulation of detoxification associated with resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander De Rouck
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emre İnak
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Dıskapı, 06110, Ankara, Turkiye
| | - Wannes Dermauw
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium; Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Thomas Van Leeuwen
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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Wang H, Xin T, Wang H, Wen K, Liu Y, Wang J, Zou Z, Zhong L, Xia B. Stress response and tolerance mechanisms of spirobudiclofen exposure based on multiomics in Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae). iScience 2023; 26:107111. [PMID: 37416453 PMCID: PMC10320506 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The toxicity of insecticides used in the field decreases gradually to sublethal concentrations over time. Therefore, it is necessary to study sublethal effects of pesticides for controlling population explosion. Panonychus citri is a global pest which control is based on insecticides. This study explores the stress responses of spirobudiclofen on the P. citri. Spirobudiclofen significantly inhibited survival and reproduction of P. citri, and the effects aggravated as concentration increased. The transcriptomes and metabolomes of spirobudiclofen-treated and control were compared to characterize spirobudiclofen molecular mechanism. Transcriptomics indicated stress induced by spirobudiclofen stimulated immune defense, antioxidative system, cuticle formation, and lipid metabolism, as deduced from RNA-seq analysis. Meanwhile, our study found that tolerance metabolism in P. citri was regulated by promoting the metabolism of glycerophospholipids, glycine, serine, and threonine. The results of this study can provide a basis for exploring the adaptation strategies of P. citri to spirobudiclofen stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, P.R.China
| | - Tianrong Xin
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, P.R.China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, P.R.China
| | - Kexin Wen
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, P.R.China
| | - Yimeng Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, P.R.China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, P.R.China
| | - Zhiwen Zou
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, P.R.China
| | - Ling Zhong
- Nanchang Plant Protection and Inspection Bureau of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330096, P.R.China
| | - Bin Xia
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, P.R.China
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9
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Pan D, Xia MH, Luo QJ, Liu XY, Li CZ, Yuan GR, Wang JJ, Dou W. Resistance of Panonychus citri (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) to pyridaben in China: monitoring and fitness costs. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:996-1004. [PMID: 36318043 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panonychus citri is a major citrus pest worldwide. The short life cycle and high reproductive potential of P. citri, combined with heavy acaricide use, have led to high levels of resistance to acaricides, posing a threat to global resistance management programs. Here, resistance monitoring was established to determine the pyridaben resistance status of ten P. citri populations in China from 2014 to 2021 using a leaf-dipping assay. Four characterized strains-the susceptible strain (Lab_S), the resistant strain (Pyr_R), as well as the segregated resistant strain (Pyr_Rs) and the segregated susceptible strain (Pyr_Control) derived from the crossing of the Lab_S and Pyr_R strains, were used to evaluate the life-history characteristics using age-stage, two-sex life tables. RESULTS Most P. citri populations developed high resistance to pyridaben. Resistance levels exceeded 1000-fold in Yuxi, Anyue, Nanning, and Ganzhou populations compared with the Lab_S strain. Compared with Pyr_Control, two key fitness cost criteria, developmental period and fecundity, showed significant differences in Pyr_Rs under consistent conditions. The intrinsic rate of increase, net reproductive rate and gross reproductive rate were lower in the resistant strain compared with the Pyr_Control strain. The Pyr_Rs strain had a lower relative fitness of 0.934 compared with the Pyr_Control. Moreover, the life-history traits and population parameters of the Pyr_R strain also showed significant differences compared with the Lab_S strain. CONCLUSION The resistance levels to pyridaben varied greatly among the different P. citri populations and showed regional differences. Substantial fitness costs are associated with pyridaben resistance. This study provides potential implications for developing strategies for resistance management in P. citri. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Meng-Hao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiu-Juan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xun-Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan-Zhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guo-Rui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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10
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Tadatsu M, Sakashita R, Panteleri R, Douris V, Vontas J, Shimotsuma Y, Ishida T, Sudo M, Van Leeuwen T, Osakabe M. A mutation in chitin synthase I associated with etoxazole resistance in the citrus red mite Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae) and its uneven geographical distribution in Japan. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:4028-4036. [PMID: 35639971 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-levels of etoxazole resistance have not yet been frequently reported in Panonychus citri. Although a highly resistant strain was discovered in 2014, etoxazole resistance has not become a significant problem in areas of citrus production in Japan. A target site mutation in chitin synthase 1 (CHS1), I1017F, is a major etoxazole-resistance factor in Tetranychus urticae. To investigate the mechanisms of etoxazole resistance and the dispersal of resistance genes, we analyzed target-site mutations in a highly resistant strain and their geographical distribution in Japan. RESULTS High-level etoxazole resistance was completely recessive. The I1017F mutation was detected in CHS1 of the highly resistant strain, and its frequency was correlated with the hatchability of eggs treated with etoxazole. Sequencing and variant frequency analyses of local populations by quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that I1017F is restricted to the Ariake Sea area of Kyushu Island. Although a new nonsynonymous substitution, S1016L, accompanied by I1017F was found in CHS1 of the highly resistant strain, CRISPR/Cas9 engineering of flies showed that S1016L had no effect on the etoxazole resistance conferred by I1017F. CONCLUSION I1017F is a major target site mutation that confers high-level etoxazole resistance on P. citri. Dispersion of I1017F possibly was suppressed as a result of the completely recessive inheritance of resistance together with low gene flow between local populations. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misono Tadatsu
- Laboratory of Ecological Information, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryota Sakashita
- Laboratory of Ecological Information, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Rafaela Panteleri
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Crete, Greece
- Laboratory of Molecular Entomology, Department of Biology, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - Vassilis Douris
- Department of Biological Applications and Technology, University of Ioannina and Institute of Biosciences, University Research Center of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
- Biomedical Research Institute, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Ioannina, Greece
| | - John Vontas
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Crete, Greece
- Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Yushi Shimotsuma
- Agro-Science Research Center, Kyoyu Agri Co., Ltd., Nagano, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ishida
- Agro-Science Research Center, Kyoyu Agri Co., Ltd., Nagano, Japan
| | - Masaaki Sudo
- Division of Fruit Tree and Tea Pest Control Research, Institute for Plant Protection, NARO, Kanaya Tea Research Station, Shimada, Japan
| | - Thomas Van Leeuwen
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Masahiro Osakabe
- Laboratory of Ecological Information, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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11
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Xue W, Lu X, Mavridis K, Vontas J, Jonckheere W, Van Leeuwen T. The H92R substitution in PSST is a reliable diagnostic biomarker for predicting resistance to mitochondrial electron transport inhibitors of complex I in European populations of Tetranychus urticae. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:3644-3653. [PMID: 35613098 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial Electron Transport Inhibitors of complex I (METI-I), such as tebufenpyrad and fenpyroximate, are acaricides that have been used extensively to control Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) for more than 20 years. Because of the ability of this spider mite to rapidly develop acaricide resistance, field (cross-) resistance monitoring and elucidation of resistance mechanisms are extremely important for resistance management (RM). In the present study, 42 European T. urticae field populations were screened for tebufenpyrad and fenpyroximate resistance, and the correlation between resistance and the H92R substitution in PSST was investigated. RESULTS According to the calculated lethal concentration values that kill 90% of the population (LC90 ), tebufenpyrad and fenpyroximate would fail to control many of the collected populations at recommended field rates. Six populations exhibited high to very high resistance levels (200- to over 1950-fold) to both METI-Is. Analysis based on the LC50 values displayed a clear correlation between tebufenpyrad and fenpyroximate resistance, further supporting cross-resistance, which is of great operational importance in acaricide RM. The previously uncovered METI-I target-site mutation H92R in the PSST homologue of complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) was found with high allele frequencies in populations resistant to tebufenpyrad and fenpyroximate. Synergist assays showed this mutation is not the only factor involved in METI-I resistance and additive or synergistic effects of multiple mechanisms most likely determine the phenotypic strength. CONCLUSIONS The predictive value of resistance by H92R is very high in European populations and offers great potential to be used as a molecular diagnostic marker for METI-I resistance. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Xue
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Coupure Links 653, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xueping Lu
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Coupure Links 653, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Konstantinos Mavridis
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology, Crete, Greece
| | - John Vontas
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology, Crete, Greece
- Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Wim Jonckheere
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Coupure Links 653, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas Van Leeuwen
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Coupure Links 653, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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12
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Njiru C, Xue W, De Rouck S, Alba JM, Kant MR, Chruszcz M, Vanholme B, Dermauw W, Wybouw N, Van Leeuwen T. Intradiol ring cleavage dioxygenases from herbivorous spider mites as a new detoxification enzyme family in animals. BMC Biol 2022; 20:131. [PMID: 35658860 PMCID: PMC9167512 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01323-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Generalist herbivores such as the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae thrive on a wide variety of plants and can rapidly adapt to novel hosts. What traits enable polyphagous herbivores to cope with the diversity of secondary metabolites in their variable plant diet is unclear. Genome sequencing of T. urticae revealed the presence of 17 genes that code for secreted proteins with strong homology to “intradiol ring cleavage dioxygenases (DOGs)” from bacteria and fungi, and phylogenetic analyses show that they have been acquired by horizontal gene transfer from fungi. In bacteria and fungi, DOGs have been well characterized and cleave aromatic rings in catecholic compounds between adjacent hydroxyl groups. Such compounds are found in high amounts in solanaceous plants like tomato, where they protect against herbivory. To better understand the role of this gene family in spider mites, we used a multi-disciplinary approach to functionally characterize the various T. urticae DOG genes. Results We confirmed that DOG genes were present in the T. urticae genome and performed a phylogenetic reconstruction using transcriptomic and genomic data to advance our understanding of the evolutionary history of spider mite DOG genes. We found that DOG expression differed between mites from different plant hosts and was induced in response to jasmonic acid defense signaling. In consonance with a presumed role in detoxification, expression was localized in the mite’s gut region. Silencing selected DOGs expression by dsRNA injection reduced the mites’ survival rate on tomato, further supporting a role in mitigating the plant defense response. Recombinant purified DOGs displayed a broad substrate promiscuity, cleaving a surprisingly wide array of aromatic plant metabolites, greatly exceeding the metabolic capacity of previously characterized microbial DOGs. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the laterally acquired spider mite DOGs function as detoxification enzymes in the gut, disarming plant metabolites before they reach toxic levels. We provide experimental evidence to support the hypothesis that this proliferated gene family in T. urticae is causally linked to its ability to feed on an extremely wide range of host plants. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12915-022-01323-1.
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Bajda SA, De Clercq P, Van Leeuwen T. Selectivity and molecular stress responses to classical and botanical acaricides in the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:881-895. [PMID: 34862726 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acaricide application remains an integral component of integrated pest management (IPM) for the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae. Species and strains of phytoseiid predatory mites vary significantly in their response to acaricides. For the success of IPM, it is imperative to identify the determinants of selectivity and molecular stress responses of acaricides in predatory mites. RESULTS The three classical acaricides bifenazate, cyflumetofen, and fenbutatin oxide did not affect the survival and fecundity of Phytoseiulus persimilis regardless of the route of exposure. Selectivity of the orange oil and terpenoid blend-based botanical acaricides was low via a combination of direct exposure, acaricide-laced diet, and residual exposure but improved when limiting exposure only to diet. To gain insights into the molecular stress responses, the transcriptome of P. persimilis was assembled. Subsequent gene expression analysis of predatory mites orally exposed to fenbutatin oxide and orange oil yielded only a limited xenobiotic stress response. In contrast, P. persimilis exhibited target-site resistance mutations, including I260M in SdhB, I1017M in CHS1, and kdr and super-kdr in VGSC. Extending the screen using available Phytoseiidae sequences uncovered I136T, S141F in cytb, G119S in AChE, and A2083V in ACC, well-known target-sites of acaricides. CONCLUSION Selectivity of the tested botanical acaricides to P. persimilis was low but could be enhanced by restricting exposure to a single route. Differential gene expression analysis did not show a robust induced stress response after sublethal exposure. In contrast, this study uncovered target-site mutations that may help to explain the physiological selectivity of several classical acaricides to phytoseiid predators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina A Bajda
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrick De Clercq
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas Van Leeuwen
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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14
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Papapostolou KM, Riga M, Charamis J, Skoufa E, Souchlas V, Ilias A, Dermauw W, Ioannidis P, Van Leeuwen T, Vontas J. Identification and characterization of striking multiple-insecticide resistance in a Tetranychus urticae field population from Greece. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:666-676. [PMID: 33051974 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tetranychus urticae is a notorious crop pest with a worldwide distribution that has developed resistance to a wide range of acaricides. Here, we investigated the resistance levels of a T. urticae population collected from an ornamental greenhouse in Peloponnese, Greece, and analyzed its resistance mechanisms at the molecular level. RESULTS Toxicological assays showed resistance against compounds with different modes of action, with resistance ratios of: 89-fold for abamectin; > 1000-fold for clofentezine; > 5000-fold for etoxazole; 27-fold for fenpyroximate and pyridaben; 20- and 36-fold for spirodiclofen and spirotetramat, respectively; and 116- and > 500-fold for cyenopyrafen and cyflumetofen, respectively. Bioassays with synergists indicated the involvement of detoxification enzymes in resistance to abamectin, but not to cyflumetofen and spirodiclofen. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis showed significant over-expression of several genes encoding detoxification enzymes such as cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and UDP-glycosyltransferases, which have been previously associated with acaricide resistance. Known target-site resistance mutations were identified in acetyl-choline esterase, chitin synthase 1 and NDUFS7/psst, but putative novel resistance mutations were also discovered in targets such as glutamate-gated chloride channel subunit 3. Interestingly, target-site resistance mutations against pyrethroids or bifenazate were not identified, possibly indicating a recent reduced selection pressure in Greece, as well as a possible opportunity to rotate these chemistries. CONCLUSION We identified and characterized a striking case of multiple acaricide resistance in a field population of T. urticae. Exceptionally strong resistance phenotypes, with accumulation of multiple resistance mutations and over-expression of P450s and other detoxification genes in the same field population are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyriaki Maria Papapostolou
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation of Research & Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Riga
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation of Research & Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Jason Charamis
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation of Research & Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Evangelia Skoufa
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation of Research & Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vassilis Souchlas
- Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aris Ilias
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation of Research & Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Wannes Dermauw
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Panagiotis Ioannidis
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation of Research & Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Thomas Van Leeuwen
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - John Vontas
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation of Research & Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
- Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Yaghoobi R, Khajehali J, Alavijeh ES, Nauen R, Dermauw W, Van Leeuwen T. Fenpyroximate resistance in Iranian populations of the European red mite Panonychus ulmi (Acari: Tetranychidae). EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2021; 83:69-79. [PMID: 33165750 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-020-00569-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), is one of the most important apple orchard pests worldwide. Fenpyroximate, a mitochondrial electron transport inhibitor of complex I (METI-I), is a commonly used acaricide to control this pest. In this study, we determined fenpyroximate resistance levels for 11 P. ulmi populations from Iran and a spirodiclofen-resistant strain from Germany (PSR-TK). The LC50 values ranged between 121.8 and 5713.9 mg a.i. L-1 and the highest resistance ratio (RR) was 47-fold for the Padena population. PBO, TPP and DEM synergist ratios (SRs) were the highest for the PSR-TK (SR = 6.7), Shahin Dej (SR = 6.1) and Semirom3 (SR = 3.6) populations, respectively. In vitro enzyme activity measurements also showed that there was a higher glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) activity in the PSR-TK and Shahin Dej population compared to the most susceptible populations, whereas the esterase and P450 monooxygenase activity were not significantly higher in the resistant populations. Last, we screened all populations for the presence of two mutations previously associated with METI-I resistance in spider mites but none of these mutations could be detected. To conclude, moderate to high levels of fenpyroximate resistance were observed in P. ulmi populations from Iran, with increased detoxification most likely underlying fenpyroximate resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Yaghoobi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, 8415683111, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jahangir Khajehali
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, 8415683111, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Elaheh Shafiei Alavijeh
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ralf Nauen
- Crop Science Division, R&D, Pest Control, Bayer AG, Building 6260, Alfred Nobel Str. 50, 40789, Monheim, Germany
| | - Wannes Dermauw
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas Van Leeuwen
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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16
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Nauen R, Van Leeuwen T. Preface to the special issue: Recent trends in insecticide mode of action and resistance. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 168:104635. [PMID: 32711769 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Nauen
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, R&D, Germany.
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Douris V, Denecke S, Van Leeuwen T, Bass C, Nauen R, Vontas J. Using CRISPR/Cas9 genome modification to understand the genetic basis of insecticide resistance: Drosophila and beyond. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 167:104595. [PMID: 32527434 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chemical insecticides are a major tool for the control of many of the world's most damaging arthropod pests. However, their intensive application is often associated with the emergence of resistance, sometimes with serious implications for sustainable pest control. To mitigate failure of insecticide-based control tools, the mechanisms by which insects have evolved resistance must be elucidated. This includes both identification and functional characterization of putative resistance genes and/or mutations. Research on this topic has been greatly facilitated by using powerful genetic model insects like Drosophila melanogaster, and more recently by advances in genome modification technology, notably CRISPR/Cas9. Here, we present the advances that have been made through the application of genome modification technology in insecticide resistance research. The majority of the work conducted in the field to date has made use of genetic tools and resources available in D. melanogaster. This has greatly enhanced our understanding of resistance mechanisms, especially those mediated by insensitivity of the pesticide target-site. We discuss this progress for a series of different insecticide targets, but also report a number of unsuccessful or inconclusive attempts that highlight some inherent limitations of using Drosophila to characterize resistance mechanisms identified in arthropod pests. We also discuss an experimental framework that may circumvent current limitations while retaining the genetic versatility and robustness that Drosophila has to offer. Finally, we describe examples of direct CRISPR/Cas9 use in non-model pest species, an approach that will likely find much wider application in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilis Douris
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, 100 N. Plastira Street, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Department of Biological Applications and Technology, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Shane Denecke
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, 100 N. Plastira Street, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Thomas Van Leeuwen
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chris Bass
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Ralf Nauen
- Bayer AG, CropScience Division, R&D Pest Control, D-40789 Monheim, Germany
| | - John Vontas
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, 100 N. Plastira Street, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Greece.
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