1
|
Zhang Y, Li Z, Wei S, Xu C, Chen M, Sang J, Han Y, Yan H, Li Z, Cui Z, Ye X. Antifungal Activity and Mechanisms of 2-Ethylhexanol, a Volatile Organic Compound Produced by Stenotrophomonas sp. NAU1697, against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38916250 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Researchers often consider microorganisms from Stenotrophomonas sp. to be beneficial for plants. In this study, the biocidal effects and action mechanisms of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by Stenotrophomonas sp. NAU1697 were investigated. The mycelial growth and spore germination of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (FOC), which is a pathogen responsible for cucumber wilt disease, were significantly inhibited by VOCs emitted from NAU1697. Among the VOCs, 33 were identified, 11 of which were investigated for their antifungal properties. Among the tested compounds, 2-ethylhexanol exhibited the highest antifungal activity toward FOC, with a minimum inhibitory volume (MIV) of 3.0 μL/plate (equal to 35.7 mg/L). Damage to the hyphal cell wall and cell membrane integrity caused a decrease in the ergosterol content and a burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after 2-ethylhexanol treatment. DNA damage, which is indicative of apoptosis-like cell death, was monitored in 2-ethylhexanol-treated FOC cells by using micro-FTIR analysis. Furthermore, the activities of mitochondrial dehydrogenases and mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III in 2-ethylhexanol-treated FOC cells were significantly decreased. The transcription levels of genes associated with redox reactions and the cell wall integrity (CWI) pathway were significantly upregulated, thus indicating that stress was caused by 2-ethylhexanol. The findings of this research provide a new avenue for the sustainable management of soil-borne plant fungal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zeyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shuxin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Changsheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Minhua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jierong Sang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yiru Han
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhoukun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhongli Cui
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xianfeng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nguyen TP, Meng DR, Chang CH, Su PY, Ou CA, Hou PF, Sung HM, Chou CH, Ohme-Takagi M, Huang HJ. Antifungal mechanism of volatile compounds emitted by Actinomycetota Paenarthrobacter ureafaciens from a disease-suppressive soil on Saccharomyces cerevisiae. mSphere 2023; 8:e0032423. [PMID: 37750721 PMCID: PMC10597458 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00324-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that in disease-suppressive soils, microbial volatile compounds (mVCs) released from bacteria may inhibit the growth of plant-pathogenic fungi. However, the antifungal activities and molecular responses of fungi to different mVCs remain largely undescribed. In this study, we first evaluated the responses of pathogenic fungi to treatment with mVCs from Paenarthrobacter ureafaciens. Then, we utilized the well-characterized fungal model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae to study the potential mechanistic effects of the mVCs. Our data showed that exposure to P. ureafaciens mVCs leads to reduced growth of several pathogenic fungi, and in yeast cells, mVC exposure prompts the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Further experiments with S. cerevisiae deletion mutants indicated that Slt2/Mpk1 and Hog1 MAPKs play major roles in the yeast response to P. ureafaciens mVCs. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that exposure to mVCs was associated with 1,030 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in yeast. According to gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses, many of these DEGs are involved in mitochondrial dysfunction, cell integrity, mitophagy, cellular metabolism, and iron uptake. Genes encoding antimicrobial proteins were also significantly altered in the yeast after exposure to mVCs. These findings suggest that oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction are major contributors to the fungal toxicity of mVCs. Furthermore, our data showed that cell wall, antioxidant, and antimicrobial defenses are induced in yeast exposed to mVCs. Thus, our findings expand upon previous research by delineating the transcriptional responses of the fungal model. IMPORTANCE Since the use of bacteria-emitted volatile compounds in phytopathogen control is of considerable interest, it is important to understand the molecular mechanisms by which fungi may adapt to microbial volatile compounds (mVCs). Paenarthrobacter ureafaciens is an isolated bacterium from disease-suppressive soil that belongs to the Actinomycetota phylum. P. ureafaciens mVCs showed a potent antifungal effect on phytopathogens, which may contribute to disease suppression in soil. However, our knowledge about the antifungal mechanism of mVCs is limited. This study has proven that mVCs are toxic to fungi due to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. To deal with mVC toxicity, antioxidants and physical defenses are required. Furthermore, iron uptake and CAP proteins are required for antimicrobial defense, which is necessary for fungi to deal with the thread from mVCs. This study provides essential foundational knowledge regarding the molecular responses of fungi to inhibitory mVCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tri-Phuong Nguyen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - De-Rui Meng
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Han Chang
- Graduate Program in Translational Agricultural Sciences, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Su
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-An Ou
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Fu Hou
- Kaohsiung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Mo Sung
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hung Chou
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Masaru Ohme-Takagi
- Institute of Tropical Plant Sciences and Microbiology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Jen Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Graduate Program in Translational Agricultural Sciences, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang SZ, Peng LT. Significance of the plasma membrane H +-ATPase and V-ATPase for growth and pathogenicity in pathogenic fungi. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2023; 124:31-53. [PMID: 37597947 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aambs.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic fungi are widespread and cause a variety of diseases in human beings and other organisms. At present, limited classes of antifungal agents are available to treat invasive fungal diseases. With the wide use of the commercial antifungal agents, drug resistance of pathogenic fungi are continuously increasing. Therefore, exploring effective antifungal agents with novel drug targets is urgently needed to cope with the challenges that the antifungal area faces. pH homeostasis is vital for multiple cellular processes, revealing the potential for defining novel drug targets. Fungi have evolved a number of strategies to maintain a stable pH internal environment in response to rapid metabolism and a dramatically changing extracellular environment. Among them, plasma membrane H+-ATPase (PMA) and vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) play a central role in the regulation of pH homeostasis system. In this chapter, we will summarize the current knowledge about pH homeostasis and its regulation mechanisms in pathogenic fungi, especially for the recent advances in PMA and V-ATPase, which would help in revealing the regulating mechanism of pH on cell growth and pathogenicity, and further designing effective drugs and identify new targets for combating fungal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Z Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China.
| | - L T Peng
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Proteomics as a New-Generation Tool for Studying Moulds Related to Food Safety and Quality. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054709. [PMID: 36902140 PMCID: PMC10003330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mould development in foodstuffs is linked to both spoilage and the production of mycotoxins, provoking food quality and food safety concerns, respectively. The high-throughput technology proteomics applied to foodborne moulds is of great interest to address such issues. This review presents proteomics approaches useful for boosting strategies to minimise the mould spoilage and the hazard related to mycotoxins in food. Metaproteomics seems to be the most effective method for mould identification despite the current problems related to the bioinformatics tool. More interestingly, different high resolution mass spectrometry tools are suitable for evaluating the proteome of foodborne moulds able to unveil the mould's response under certain environmental conditions and the presence of biocontrol agents or antifungals, being sometimes combined with a method with limited ability to separate proteins, the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. However, the matrix complexity, the high ranges of protein concentrations needed and the performing of multiple steps are some of the proteomics limitations for the application to foodborne moulds. To overcome some of these limitations, model systems have been developed and proteomics applied to other scientific fields, such as library-free data independent acquisition analyses, the implementation of ion mobility, and the evaluation of post-translational modifications, are expected to be gradually implemented in this field for avoiding undesirable moulds in foodstuffs.
Collapse
|
5
|
Lin S, Wang Y, Lu Q, Zhang B, Wu X. Combined transcriptome and metabolome analyses reveal the potential mechanism for the inhibition of Penicillium digitatum by X33 antimicrobial oligopeptide. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:120. [PMID: 38650267 PMCID: PMC10991954 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00472-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Penicillium digitatum is the primary spoilage fungus that causes green mold during postharvest in citrus. To reduce economic losses, developing more efficient and less toxic natural antimicrobial agents is urgently required. We previously found that the X33 antimicrobial oligopeptide (X33 AMOP), produced by Streptomyces lavendulae X33, exhibited a sterilization effect on P. digitatum. In this study, the effects, and physiological mechanisms of X33 AMOP as an inhibitor of P. digitatum were investigated. The transcriptional and metabolome profiling of P. digitatum exposed to X33 AMOP revealed 3648 genes and 190 metabolites that were prominently changed. The omics analyses suggested that X33 AMOP mainly inhibited P. digitatum growth by affecting cell integrity, genetic information delivery, oxidative stress tolerance, and energy metabolism. These findings provide helpful information regarding the antimicrobial mechanism of X33 AMOP against P. digitatum at the molecular level and indicate that X33 AMOP is a potential candidate to control P. digitatum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Lin
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang, 330045, China
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang, 330045, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Yuanxiu Wang
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang, 330045, China
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang, 330045, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Qunlin Lu
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang, 330045, China
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang, 330045, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang, 330045, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330045, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Nanchang, 330045, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, 330045, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang Y, Li T, Xu M, Guo J, Zhang C, Feng Z, Peng X, Li Z, Xing K, Qin S. Antifungal effect of volatile organic compounds produced by Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aureofaciens SPS-41 on oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction of Ceratocystis fimbriata. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 173:104777. [PMID: 33771256 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Ceratocystis fimbriata is the pathogen of black rot disease, which widely exists in sweet potato producing areas all over the world. The antifungal activity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aureofaciens SPS-41 against C. fimbriata was reported in our previous study. In this study, we attempted to reveal the underlying antifungal mechanism of SPS-41 volatiles. Our results showed that the VOCs released by SPS-41 caused the morphological change of hyphae, destroyed the integrity of cell membrane, reduced the content of ergosterol, and induced massive accumulation of reactive oxygen species in C. fimbriata cells. Furthermore, SPS-41 fumigation decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential, acetyl-CoA and pyruvate content of C. fimbriata cells, as well as the mitochondrial dehydrogenases activity. In addition, the VOCs generated by SPS-41 reduced the intracellular ATP content and increased the extracellular ATP content of C. fimbriata. In summary, SPS-41 fumigation exerted its antifungal activity by inducing oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in C. fimbriata.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Life Science, the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Tengjie Li
- School of Life Science, the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Mingjie Xu
- School of Life Science, the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jianheng Guo
- School of Life Science, the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- School of Life Science, the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhaozhong Feng
- School of Life Science, the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xue Peng
- School of Life Science, the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zongyun Li
- School of Life Science, the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ke Xing
- School of Life Science, the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Sheng Qin
- School of Life Science, the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plant of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| |
Collapse
|