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Dhivya M, Karthi S, Amala K, Vasantha-Srinivasan P, Han YS, Obaid SA, Senthil-Nathan S, Park KB. Phytometabolites from coral jasmine flower extracts: Toxic effects on Spodoptera litura and enzyme inhibition in nontarget earthworm Eisenia fetida as an alternative approach. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118896. [PMID: 38642644 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Green pesticides, derived from natural sources, have gained wider attention as an alternative to synthetic pesticides for managing polyphagous pests, such as Spodoptera litura. In this study, the methanolic flower extract of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis (Mx-Na-t) was subjected to chemical screening, and 3-hydroxy-1,2-dimethyl-4(1H)-pyridone (3H-dp) and tyrosol (Ty-ol) were identified as the major derivatives. The toxic effects of Mx-Na-t (500 ppm) were highest in third-instar S. litura larvae (96.4%), while those of 3H-dp and Ty-ol (5 ppm) were highest in second-instar larvae (76.5% and 81.4%, respectively). The growth and development of S. litura larvae and pupae were significantly reduced by all three treatments. Fecundity rates were also reduced by all treatments [from 1020 eggs (control) to 540 eggs by Mx-Na-t treatment, 741 eggs by 3H-dp treatment, and 721 eggs by Ty-ol treatment]. The extract and its active constituents decreased adult emergence and slowed total larval development in a dose-dependent manner. A decrease was noted in the major gut enzymes of young S. litura larvae exposed to Mx-Na-t, 3H-dp, and Ty-ol. Moreover, midgut tissues of fourth-instar larvae were severely damaged by Mx-Na-t (250 ppm), 3H-dp (2.5 ppm), and Ty-ol (2.5 ppm); the treatments induced structural damage to the epithelial cells and gut lumen. The earthworm Eisenia fetida was used to assess nontarget toxicity. Compared with cypermethrin, the phytochemicals exhibited minimal effects on the earthworm's detoxifying enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase after 14 days of treatment. Moreover, in silico predictions using BeeTox and ProTox-II indicated little or no toxicity of 3H-dp and Ty-ol toward honey bees and other nontarget species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muruhesan Dhivya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, St. Peter's Institute of Higher Education and Research, Avadi-600 054, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sengodan Karthi
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, USA 40503
| | - Kesavan Amala
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, St. Peter's Institute of Higher Education and Research, Avadi-600 054, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sami Al Obaid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh - 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan
- Division of Bio-pesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi 627412, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Ki Beom Park
- Research & Development Centre, Invirustech Co., Inc, Gwangju 61222, Republic of Korea
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Shen R, Hussain K, Liu N, Li J, Yu J, Zhao J, Li W, Yang S. Ecotoxicity of Cadmium along the Soil-Cotton Plant-Cotton Bollworm System: Biotransfer, Trophic Accumulation, Plant Growth, Induction of Insect Detoxification Enzymes, and Immunocompetence. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:14326-14336. [PMID: 38870410 PMCID: PMC11212622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a hazardous element that may jeopardize environmental safety and human health through biotransfer and trophic accumulation. Here, we tested Cd toxicity on cotton plants, cotton bollworms, and their responses. Results demonstrated that Cd accumulated in plant roots, aerial parts, insect larvae, pupae, and frass in a dose-dependent pattern. The ∼9.35 mg kg-1 of Cd in plant aerial parts, ∼3.68 in larvae, ∼6.43 in pupae, and high transfer coefficient (∼5.59) indicate significant mobility. The ∼19.61 mg kg-1 of Cd in larvae frass suggests an effective detoxification strategy, while BAFcotton (∼1.14) and BAFworm (∼0.54) indicated low bioaccumulation. Cadmium exposure resulted in compromised plant growth and yield as well as alterations in photosynthetic pigment contents, antioxidant enzyme activities, and certain life history traits of cotton bollworms. Furthermore, carboxylesterase activity and encapsulation rates of insect larvae decreased with increasing Cd concentrations, whereas acetylcholinesterase, phenol oxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and multifunctional oxidase exhibited hormesis responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyao Shen
- School
of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal
University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Khateeb Hussain
- School
of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal
University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Ning Liu
- School
of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal
University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Jie Li
- School
of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal
University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Jiaming Yu
- School
of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal
University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- School
of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal
University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Wenwen Li
- School
of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal
University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Shiyong Yang
- School
of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal
University, Wuhu 241002, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center for Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem
in Wanjing Basin Co-Founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Wuhu 241002, China
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Ghasempour A, Dehghan H, Ataee M, Chen B, Zhao Z, Sedighi M, Guo X, Shahbazi MA. Cadmium Sulfide Nanoparticles: Preparation, Characterization, and Biomedical Applications. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093857. [PMID: 37175267 PMCID: PMC10179838 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium sulfide nanoparticles (CdS NPs) have been employed in various fields of nanobiotechnology due to their proven biomedical properties. They are unique in their properties due to their size and shape, and they are popular in the area of biosensors, bioimaging, and antibacterial and anticancer applications. Most CdS NPs are generally synthesized through chemical, physical, or biological methods. Among these methods, biogenic synthesis has attracted more attention due to its high efficiency, environmental friendliness, and biocompatibility features. The green approach was found to be superior to other methods in terms of maintaining the structural characteristics needed for optimal biomedical applications. The size and coating components of CdS NPs play a crucial role in their biomedical activities, such as anticancer, antibacterial, bioimaging, and biosensing applications. CdS NPs have gained significant interest in bioimaging due to their desirable properties, including good dispersion, cell integrity preservation, and efficient light scattering. Despite these, further studies are necessary, particularly in vivo studies to reduce NPs' toxicity. This review discusses the different methods of synthesis, how CdS NPs are characterized, and their applications in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ghasempour
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853076, Iran
| | - Hamideh Dehghan
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853076, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Ataee
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853076, Iran
| | - Bozhi Chen
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zeqiang Zhao
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mahsa Sedighi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853076, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853076, Iran
| | - Xindong Guo
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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