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Zhang X, Li T, Lu YQ. Mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy for paraquat-induced lung injury. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:70. [PMID: 39136896 PMCID: PMC11322247 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09911-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Paraquat poisoning results in significant pulmonary damage, but current treatments are only minimally effective in repairing the injured lung tissues. Recent research has highlighted the promise of using stem cell therapy, namely mesenchymal stem cells, as a new method for treating paraquat toxicity. These cells have shown effectiveness in decreasing inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis in the mice lungs subjected to paraquat. The therapeutic implications of mesenchymal stem cells are believed to arise from their release of bioactive proteins and their capacity to regulate inflammatory responses. However, additional clinical study is required to validate these therapies' efficacy. This review thoroughly explores the pathophysiology of paraquat poisoning and the properties of mesenchymal stem cells. Additionally, it critically assesses the long-term safety and effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cell therapies, which is crucial for developing more dependable and effective treatment protocols. In summary, although mesenchymal stem cells offer promising prospects for treating lung injuries, more investigations are required to optimize their therapeutic promise and ensure their safe clinical application in the context of paraquat poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaping Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Qiang Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Physic-Chemical and Aging-Related Injuries, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, People's Republic of China.
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Eshaghi Ghalibaf MH, Taghavi zadeh Yazdi ME, Mansourian M, Mohammadian Roshan N, Boskabady MH. Evaluation of the protective effect of Curcuma longa and PPARγ agonist, pioglitazone on paraquat-induced lung injury in rats. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e70001. [PMID: 39172009 PMCID: PMC11340013 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.70001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inhalation of paraquat (PQ), one of the most widely used herbicides in the world, can result in lung injury. Curcuma longa (Cl) has long history in traditional and folk medicine for the treatment of a wide range of disorders including respiratory diseases. AIM The aim of the present work was to evaluate the preventive effect of Cl on inhaled PQ-induced lung injury in rats. METHODS Male Wistar rats were divided into 8 groups (n = 7), one group exposed to saline (control) and other groups exposed to PQ aerosol. Saline (PQ), Cl extract, (two doses), curcumin (Cu), pioglitazone (Pio), and the combination of Cl-L + Pio and dexamethasone (Dex) were administered during the exposure period to PQ. Total and differential white blood cell (WBC) counts, oxidant and antioxidant indicators in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BALF), interleukin (IL)-10, and tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α) levels in the lung tissues, lung histologic lesions score, and air way responsiveness to methacholine were evaluated. RESULTS WBC counts (Total and differential), malondialdehyde level, tracheal responsiveness (TR), IL-10, TNF-α and histopathological changes of the lung were markedly elevated but total thiol content and the activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase were decreased in the BALF in the PQ group. Both doses of Cl, Cu, Pio, Cl-L + Pio, and Dex markedly improved all measured variables in comparison with the PQ group. CONCLUSION CI, Pio, and Cl-L + Pio improved PQ-induced lung inflammation and oxidative damage comparable with the effects of Dex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossein Eshaghi Ghalibaf
- Applied Biomedical Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | | | - Mona Mansourian
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Nema Mohammadian Roshan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Applied Biomedical Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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Ghasemi F, Mohammadi M, Ghaffari F, Hosseini-Sharifabad A, Omidifar N, Nili-Ahmadabadi A. Therapeutic Potential of Pentoxifylline in Paraquat-Induced Pulmonary Toxicity: Role of the Phosphodiesterase Enzymes. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2024; 74:241-249. [PMID: 38830372 DOI: 10.1055/a-2314-1137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Pentoxifylline (PTX), a non-selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, has demonstrated protective effects against lung injury in animal models. Given the significance of pulmonary toxicity resulting from paraquat (PQ) exposure, the present investigation was designed to explore the impact of PTX on PQ-induced pulmonary oxidative impairment in male mice.Following preliminary studies, thirty-six mice were divided into six groups. Group 1 received normal saline, group 2 received a single dose of PQ (20 mg/kg; i.p.), and group 3 received PTX (100 mg/kg/day; i.p.). Additionally, treatment groups 4-6 were received various doses of PTX (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg/day; respectively) one hour after a single dose of PQ. After 72 hours, the animals were sacrificed, and lung tissue was collected.PQ administration caused a significant decrease in hematocrit and an increase in blood potassium levels. Moreover, a notable increase was found in the lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitric oxide (NO), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels, along with a notable decrease in total thiol (TTM) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) contents, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes activity in lung tissue. PTX demonstrated the ability to improve hematocrit levels; enhance SOD activity and TTM content; and decrease MPO activity, LPO and NO levels in PQ-induced pulmonary toxicity. Furthermore, these findings were well-correlated with the observed lung histopathological changes.In conclusion, our results suggest that the high dose of PTX may ameliorate lung injury by improving the oxidant/antioxidant balance in animals exposed to PQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Ghasemi
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Mobina Mohammadi
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghaffari
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ali Hosseini-Sharifabad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Navid Omidifar
- Medical Education Research Center, Department of Pathology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Nili-Ahmadabadi
- Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Wan M, Liu J, Yang D, Xiao Z, Li X, Liu J, Huang L, Liu F, Zhang S, Tao Q, Xiao J, Cao Z. Dimethyl fumarate induces cardiac developmental toxicity in zebrafish via down-regulation of oxidative stress. Toxicology 2024; 503:153735. [PMID: 38272385 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an immunosuppressant commonly used to treat multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases. Despite known side effects such as lymphopenia, the effect of DMF on cardiac development remains unclear. To assess this, we used zebrafish to evaluate the cardiac developmental toxicity of DMF. Our study showed that DMF reduced the survival rate of zebrafish embryos, with those exposed to 1, 1.3, and 1.6 mg/L exhibiting heart rate reduction, shortened body length, delayed yolk sac absorption, pericardial edema, increased distance from sinus venous to bulbus arteriosus, and separation of cardiomyocytes and endocardial cells at 72 hpf. Heart development-related genes showed disorder, apoptosis-related genes were up-regulated, and the oxidative stress response was down-regulated. Treatment with cysteamine ameliorated the heart development defects. Our study demonstrates that DMF induces cardiac developmental toxicity in zebrafish, possibly by down-regulating oxidative stress responses. This study provides a certain research basis for further study of DMF-induced cardiac developmental toxicity, and provides some experimental evidence for future clinical application and study of DMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Wan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009 Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China, College of Life Sciences, Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009 Jiangxi, China; Department of General Surgery,The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006,China
| | - Jiejun Liu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009 Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China, College of Life Sciences, Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009 Jiangxi, China
| | - Dou Yang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009 Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China, College of Life Sciences, Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009 Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhonghao Xiao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009 Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China, College of Life Sciences, Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009 Jiangxi, China
| | - Xue Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009 Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China, College of Life Sciences, Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009 Jiangxi, China
| | - Jieping Liu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009 Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China, College of Life Sciences, Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009 Jiangxi, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009 Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China, College of Life Sciences, Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009 Jiangxi, China
| | - Fasheng Liu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009 Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China, College of Life Sciences, Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009 Jiangxi, China
| | - Shouhua Zhang
- Department of General Surgery,The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006,China
| | - Qiang Tao
- Department of General Surgery,The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006,China
| | - Juhua Xiao
- Department of Ultrasound, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Zigang Cao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, College of Life Sciences, Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009 Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China, College of Life Sciences, Clinical Research Center of Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, 343009 Jiangxi, China.
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Hou L, Yang F, Zhang Y, Li Y, Yan H, Meng C, Du Y, Zhu H, Yuan D, Gao Y. 2-Methoxyestradiol ameliorates paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 197:105647. [PMID: 38072522 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) is a highly effective and highly toxic herbicide that is highly toxic to both humans and animals. Pulmonary fibrosis is the primary cause of fatality in patients with PQ poisoning, there is no effective drug treatment yet. 2-Methoxyestradiol (2ME) is a natural metabolite of estradiol with anti-tumor, anti-angiogenesis, and anti-proliferative effects. Whether 2ME has the potential to inhibit pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ is unclear. This study aims to investigate the potential effects and mechanism of 2ME on PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis. C57BL/6 mice and A549 cells were exposed to PQ to establish pulmonary fibrosis model. In vivo, Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was utilized to assess the pathological characteristics. Masson's trichrome staining was employed to evaluate the collagen deposition. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were conducted to determine the expressions of fibrosis markers. In vitro, the expressions of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers were detected using western blot and immunofluorescence to evaluated the potential inhibition of PQ-induced EMT by 2ME. And proteins associated with the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway were measured by western blot in vivo and in vitro. The result found that 2ME can ameliorated PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis and inhibit the activation of TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. These findings suggest that 2ME may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for treating PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Hou
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Medical Key Laboratory of Poisoning Diseases of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Medical Key Laboratory of Poisoning Diseases of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Medical Key Laboratory of Poisoning Diseases of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yi Li
- Emergency Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Hongyi Yan
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Medical Key Laboratory of Poisoning Diseases of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Cuicui Meng
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Medical Key Laboratory of Poisoning Diseases of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yuqi Du
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Medical Key Laboratory of Poisoning Diseases of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Huanzhou Zhu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Medical Key Laboratory of Poisoning Diseases of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Ding Yuan
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Medical Key Laboratory of Poisoning Diseases of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
| | - Yanxia Gao
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Medical Key Laboratory of Poisoning Diseases of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
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Wu S, Chen R, Chen J, Yang N, Li K, Zhang Z, Zhang R. Study of the Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism of β-Carotene Based on Network Pharmacology. Molecules 2023; 28:7540. [PMID: 38005265 PMCID: PMC10673508 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
β-carotene is known to have pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-tumor properties. However, its main mechanism and related signaling pathways in the treatment of inflammation are still unclear. In this study, component target prediction was performed by using literature retrieval and the SwissTargetPrediction database. Disease targets were collected from various databases, including DisGeNET, OMIM, Drug Bank, and GeneCards. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, and enrichment analysis of gene ontology and biological pathways was carried out for important targets. The analysis showed that there were 191 unique targets of β-carotene after removing repeat sites. A total of 2067 targets from the three databases were integrated, 58 duplicate targets were removed, and 2009 potential disease action targets were obtained. Biological function enrichment analysis revealed 284 biological process (BP) entries, 31 cellular component (CC) entries, 55 molecular function (MF) entries, and 84 cellular pathways. The biological processes were mostly associated with various pathways and their regulation, whereas the cell components were mainly membrane components. The main molecular functions included RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, DNA binding specific to the ligand activation sequence, DNA binding, steroid binding sequence-specific DNA binding, enzyme binding, and steroid hormone receptors. The pathways involved in the process included the TNF signaling pathway, sphingomyelin signaling pathway, and some disease pathways. Lastly, the anti-inflammatory signaling pathway of β-carotene was systematically analyzed using network pharmacology, while the molecular mechanism of β-carotene was further explored by molecular docking. In this study, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of β-carotene was preliminarily explored and predicted by bioinformatics methods, and further experiments will be designed to verify and confirm the predicted results, in order to finally reveal the anti-inflammatory mechanism of β-carotene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jingyun Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Kun Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Rongqing Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
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Hu L, Lan Q, Tang C, Yang J, Zhu X, Lin F, Yu Z, Wang X, Wen C, Zhang X, Lu Z. Abnormalities of serum lipid metabolism in patients with acute paraquat poisoning caused by ferroptosis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 266:115543. [PMID: 37827095 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
As the mechanism of paraquat (PQ) poisoning is still not fully elucidated, and no specific treatment has been developed in medical practice, the management of PQ poisoning continues to present a medical challenge. In this study, the objective was to investigate the early metabolic changes in serum metabolism and identify the key metabolic pathways involved in patients with PQ poisoning. Quantitative analysis was conducted to determine the relevant metabolites. Additionally, experiments were carried out in both plasma and cell to elucidate the mechanisms underlying metabolic disorder and cell death in PQ poisoning. The study found that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their metabolites, such as arachidonic acid (AA) and hydroxy eicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs), were significantly increased by non-enzymatic oxidative reaction. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production increased rapidly at 2 h after PQ poisoning, followed by an increase in PUFAs at 12 h, and intracellular glutathione, cysteine (Cys), and Fe2+ at 24 h. However, at 36 h later, intracellular glutathione and Cys decreased, HETEs increased, and the expression of SLC7A11 and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) decreased. Ultrastructural examination revealed the absence of mitochondrial cristae. Deferoxamine was found to alleviate lipid oxidation, and increase the viability of PQ toxic cells in the low dose. In conclusion, unsaturated fatty acids metabolism was the key metabolic pathways in PQ poisoning. PQ caused cell death through the induction of ferroptosis. Inhibition of ferroptosis could be a novel strategy for the treatment of PQ poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lufeng Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Qin Lan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; West China Hospital, Sichuan University
| | - Congrong Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jianhui Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xingjie Zhu
- Department of Theater, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Feiyan Lin
- Clinical research center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zheng Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xianqin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Congcong Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xiuhua Zhang
- Clinical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhongqiu Lu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of emergency and disaster medicine, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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