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Alarcón G, Valoy A, Alzogaray FM, Medina A, Van Nieuwenhove C, Medina M, Jerez S. Consumption of a Byproduct of Chia Seed Oil Extraction by Cold Pressing Ameliorates Cardiovascular Risks Factors in an Experimental Model of Metabolically Unhealthy Normal Weight. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 79:292-299. [PMID: 38775983 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01193-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The byproduct of Salvia hispanica (chia) seed oil extraction by cold pressing, also known as expeller, possesses a high nutritional value. It is rich in proteins, fibers, minerals, and has a residual oil content of 7-11%, which is rich in omega 3 linolenic acid (ALA). However, this byproduct has been historically undervalued. Thus, the aim of current work was to study the effects of consuming of a rich in chia expeller diet on a rabbit model of metabolically unhealthy normal weight to validate their use as a functional food. Rabbits were fed different diets for a period of 6 weeks: a standard diet (CD), a high-fat diet (HFD), a rich in expeller CD (Exp-CD) and a rich in expeller HFD (Exp-HFD). The Exp-HFD attenuated the rise in basal glucose, TyG index, triglycerides, cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol induced by the HFD. Both rich in expeller diets reduced mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and increase liver and fat ALA levels compared to their respective controls. Furthermore, the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity was lower in the lungs of animals fed on rich in expeller diets compared to their respective controls. In vitro studies showed that ALA inhibited ACE activity. The evaluation of vascular reactivity revealed that rich in expeller diets improved angiotensin II affinity and reduced contractile response to noradrenaline. In conclusion, the consumption of rich in expeller diets showed beneficial effects in preventing cardiovascular risk factors such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and MAP. Therefore, its use as functional ingredient holds significant promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Alarcón
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO, UNT-CONICET), Av. Independencia 1800, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Miguel Lillo 205, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Agostina Valoy
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO, UNT-CONICET), Av. Independencia 1800, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Miguel Lillo 205, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Florencia Martin Alzogaray
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO, UNT-CONICET), Av. Independencia 1800, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Miguel Lillo 205, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Analía Medina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Miguel Lillo 205, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Norte Santo Tomás de Aquino (UNSTA), Av. Presidente Perón 2085, Yerba Buena, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Carina Van Nieuwenhove
- Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), Chacabuco 145, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
- Fundación Miguel Lillo, Miguel Lillo 251, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Mirta Medina
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO, UNT-CONICET), Av. Independencia 1800, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Miguel Lillo 205, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Susana Jerez
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO, UNT-CONICET), Av. Independencia 1800, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Miguel Lillo 205, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
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Van Nieuwenhove CP, Del Huerto Moyano A, Van Nieuwenhove GA, Molina V, Luna Pizarro P. Jacaranda oil administration improves serum biomarkers and bioavailability of bioactive conjugated fatty acids, and alters fatty acid profile of mice tissues. Lipids 2021; 57:33-44. [PMID: 34741309 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Jacaric acid, a conjugated linolenic acid (CLNA) present in jacaranda oil (JO), is considered a potent anticarcinogenic agent. Several studies have focused on its biological effects, but the metabolism once consumed is not clear yet. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of two different daily doses of JO on serum parameters and fatty acid (FA) profile of mice tissues after 4 weeks of feeding. No significant changes on body weight gain, food intake, or tissue weight were determined after 0.7 or 2 ml/kg of JO supplementation compared to control animals. Significantly lower blood low-density lipoproteins-cholesterol (20 mg/dl) and glucose (~147-148 mg/dl) levels were detected in both oil-treated groups compared to control (31.2 and 165 mg/dl, respectively). Moreover, jacaric acid was partially converted into cis9, trans11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and thus further incorporated into tissues. Liver evidenced the highest total conjugated fatty acid content (1.1%-2.2%), followed by epididymal (0.7%-1.9%) and mesenteric (1.4%-1.8%) fat. Lower saturated and higher unsaturated fatty acid content was detected in both oil-treated groups compared to control. Our results support the safety of JO and its potential application with a functional or nutraceutical propose, by increasing human CLNA consumption and further availability of CLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina P Van Nieuwenhove
- Laboratorio de Ecofisiología Tecnológica, Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Andrea Del Huerto Moyano
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Ecoetológicas de Moscas de la Fruta y sus Enemigos Naturales (LIEMEN)., Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Guido A Van Nieuwenhove
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Ecoetológicas de Moscas de la Fruta y sus Enemigos Naturales (LIEMEN)., Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina.,Fundación Miguel Lillo, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Verónica Molina
- Laboratorio de Ecofisiología Tecnológica, Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Patricia Luna Pizarro
- Fundación Miguel Lillo, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina.,Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Jujuy, San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina
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