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Mohamed SR, El-Mahroky SM, Abdel Aal SM. Comparative study between the effect of mesenchymal stem cells microvesicles versus ozone on induced liver injury in adult male albino rats (Histological & Immunohistochemical study). Ultrastruct Pathol 2024; 48:16-28. [PMID: 37997442 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2023.2278627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Liver disease accounts for approximately 2 million deaths er year worldwide. Liver fibrisis results from chronic injury to the liver. If not effectively treated in time, liver fibrosis may transform into liver cirrhosis. MVs are recognized as potential biomarkers and important theraputic tools for a wide sectrum of diseases. Medical ozone has the ability to protect the body against pathological conditions caused by oxidative stress. The influence of ozone and MVs on CCL4 induced liver fibrosis was investigated in this study. Forty-eight adult male albino rats were divided into four equal groups. I control, II CCL4 group, III ozone and IV microvesicles groups. Liver fibrosis was induced in group II, III & IV using 12 SC injections (0.5 ml/kg body weight) of CCL4 dissolved in olive oil twice ber week for weeks. Blood samples were obtained to estimate serum ALT & AST. Liver tissues were processed for measurment of GSH & SOD, light and electron microscopic examination. H&E staine sections og group II showed dilated congested sinusoids and centralveins, mononuclear infiltrations, vacuolations and dark nuclei. Ultrastructurally, group II revealed irregular heterochromatic nuclei of hepatocytes, small scanty mitochondria & vacuolations. Morphometric & statistical analyses were performed. Group III showed some improvement, however, group IV showed more imrovement. The results indicates that MVs caused marked improvement than ozone against CCL4 induced liver damage via antioxidant & antiinflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar R Mohamed
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samaa M El-Mahroky
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Sara Mohamed Abdel Aal
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Li C, Yu JL, Xu JJ, He YC, Qin KZ, Chen L, Huang HF, Wu YT. Interactive effects of ambient air pollution and sunshine duration on the risk of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114345. [PMID: 36116502 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While the associations among ambient pollutants and various pregnancy complications are well documented, the effect of ambient pollutants on intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) has not been examined. This study aimed to explore the effects of ambient pollutants and sunshine duration on ICP. METHODS The study enrolled 169,971 pregnant women who delivered between 2015 and 2020 in two hospitals. The associations between ICP and exposure to ambient pollutants and sunshine duration, averaged throughout different periods (including the 3 months before conception, 1st trimester and 2nd trimester), were estimated using a generalized linear model. The interaction effects of ambient pollutants and sunshine duration on ICP were estimated. RESULTS The fitted curves for ICP incidence were similar to the temporal trends of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, CO and NO2 but not that of O3. The risk of ICP was significantly elevated following a 10-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 (aOR [adjusted odds ratio] = 1.057, 95% CI [confidence interval]: 1.017-1.099) and PM10 (aOR = 1.043, 95% CI: 1.013-1.074) and a 1-h decrease in sunshine duration (aOR = 1.039, 95% CI: 1.011-1.068) during the 3 months before conception. In the second trimester, a 1-μg/m3 increase in the concentration of SO2 was associated with an increased risk of ICP (aOR = 1.011, 95% CI: 1.001-1.021). Increased concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 had interactive effects with reduced sunshine duration during the 3 months before conception on increasing the risk of ICP. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 during the 3 months before conception and exposure to SO2 in the second trimester were associated with an increased ICP risk. Reduced sunshine duration had an interactive effect with increased concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 during the 3 months before conception on the occurrence of ICP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Le Yu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Jing Xu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Chen He
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai-Zhou Qin
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Chen
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - He-Feng Huang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yan-Ting Wu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Büyük B, Aydeğer C, Öztopuz Ö, Ovalı MA, Makav M, Eroğlu HA. Effects of Ozone Therapy on Chronic Arsenic Poisoning in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022:10.1007/s12011-022-03486-y. [PMID: 36437433 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03486-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a toxic metalloid that affects many organs through drinking water. This study aims to examine the efficacy of ozone therapy on chronic arsenic toxicity. Twenty-four male Wistar albino rats were housed in individual cages and grouped as control, As, O3, and As + O3. As was applied by adding 5 mg/kg/day in drinking water for 60 days. Ozone therapy was applied at 0.5 mg/kg/day (i.p.) O3 in the last 5 days of the experimental period. Tissues were harvested and analyzed for histopathological injury and apoptotic markers. There was no significant difference between the As + O3 and O3 groups (p = 0.186 and p = 0.599) for light microscopic criteria: inflammatory cell infiltration and hydropic degeneration in liver tissue.In TUNEL assessments, similar outcomes were obtained in the control and As + O3 groups. A statistically significant increase was observed in p53 and Caspase 3 (Casp-3) expression levels in the As group compared to the O3 and As + O3 groups. There was no significant difference between the As + O3 and O3 groups on peritubular hemorrhage and desquamation parameters in kidneys (p = 0.147 and p = 0.094). The KIM-1 expression level was significantly increased in the As group compared to the As + O3 group (p = 0.01), and the Casp-3 expression level was not significantly changed in the O3 group compared to the As + O3 group (p = 0.59). In conclusion, it is determined that ozone therapy has ameliorative effects on the microscopic injury of liver and kidney tissues. In addition to microscopic improvement, KIM-1 gene expression levels were ameliorated in the kidneys. The apoptotic cell counts and the Casp-3 and p53 gene expression levels were decreased by O3 administration. Thus, ozone therapy can be a treatment choice for As toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Başak Büyük
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İzmir Democracy University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Cemre Aydeğer
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Terzioğlu Campus, Çanakkale, 17100, Turkey
| | - Özlem Öztopuz
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Akif Ovalı
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Terzioğlu Campus, Çanakkale, 17100, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Makav
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Avni Eroğlu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Terzioğlu Campus, Çanakkale, 17100, Turkey.
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Sarkar C, Mondal M, Al-Khafaji K, El-Kersh DM, Jamaddar S, Ray P, Roy UK, Afroze M, Moniruzzaman M, Khan M, Asha UH, Khalipha ABR, Mori E, de Lacerda BCGV, Araújo IM, Coutinho HDM, Shill MC, Islam MT. GC–MS analysis, and evaluation of protective effect of Piper chaba stem bark against paracetamol-induced liver damage in Sprague-Dawley rats: Possible defensive mechanism by targeting CYP2E1 enzyme through in silico study. Life Sci 2022; 309:121044. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Karnik M, Beeraka NM, Uthaiah CA, Nataraj SM, Bettadapura ADS, Aliev G, Madhunapantula SV. A Review on SARS-CoV-2-Induced Neuroinflammation, Neurodevelopmental Complications, and Recent Updates on the Vaccine Development. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:4535-4563. [PMID: 34089508 PMCID: PMC8179092 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02399-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a devastating viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The incidence and mortality of COVID-19 patients have been increasing at an alarming rate. The mortality is much higher in older individuals, especially the ones suffering from respiratory distress, cardiac abnormalities, renal diseases, diabetes, and hypertension. Existing evidence demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 makes its entry into human cells through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) followed by the uptake of virions through cathepsin L or transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2). SARS-CoV-2-mediated abnormalities in particular cardiovascular and neurological ones and the damaged coagulation systems require extensive research to develop better therapeutic modalities. As SARS-CoV-2 uses its S-protein to enter into the host cells of several organs, the S-protein of the virus is considered as the ideal target to develop a potential vaccine. In this review, we have attempted to highlight the landmark discoveries that lead to the development of various vaccines that are currently under different stages of clinical progression. Besides, a brief account of various drug candidates that are being tested to mitigate the burden of COVID-19 was also covered. Further, in a dedicated section, the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on neuronal inflammation and neuronal disorders was discussed. In summary, it is expected that the content covered in this article help to understand the pathophysiology of COVID-19 and the impact on neuronal complications induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection while providing an update on the vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medha Karnik
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Narasimha M Beeraka
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), St. Trubetskaya, 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Chinnappa A Uthaiah
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Suma M Nataraj
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Anjali Devi S Bettadapura
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), St. Trubetskaya, 8, bld. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, 142432, Russia
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow, 117418, Russia
- GALLY International Research Institute, 7733 Louis Pasteur Drive, San Antonio, TX, #330, USA
| | - SubbaRao V Madhunapantula
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
- Special Interest Group in Cancer Biology and Cancer Stem Cells (SIG-CBCSC), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
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Güvendi GF, Eroğlu HA, Güvendi B, Adalı Y. Selenium or ozone: Effects on liver injury caused by experimental iron overload. Life Sci 2020; 262:118558. [PMID: 33038377 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Iron is an important metal ion as a biocatalyst on the other hand iron overload causes various diseases. Iron overload can result in fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma with various pathophysiological mechanisms, including oxidative damage in the liver. Therefore; in this study the effects of ozone and selenium -whose antioxidant properties are known- were evaluated in liver injury induced by iron overload. MATERIALS AND METHODS Iron overload model was provided by intraperitoneal administration of 88 mg/kg iron dextrate for 4 weeks. After iron dextran administration, ozone and selenium administrations were made for 3 weeks. From the obtained blood and tissue samples total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were determined and histopathological examination was performed in liver tissue samples. KEY FINDINGS In rats with iron overload, the lowest mean serum TOS was observed in the selenium administration group. The highest tissue TOS means and the lowest tissue TAS means were determined in the group in which ozone and selenium were administrated together. When histopathological data were evaluated, the presence of increased apoptosis in the ozone group compared to the iron group (p = 0.019) and selenium group (p = 0.019) was noted. Similarly, increased periportal inflammation (p = 0.001) and fibrosis (p = 0.005) were observed in the ozone group compared to the selenium group. SIGNIFICANCE In iron-induced liver damage, ozone was thought to be effective by decreasing ROS, but contrary to expectations, it was observed that it may negatively affect the picture by showing synergistic effect. However, the effects of selenium on both serum and tissue levels are promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülname Fındık Güvendi
- Rize Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Medical Faculty, Department of Pathology, Rize, Turkey.
| | - Hüseyin Avni Eroğlu
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Medical Faculty, Department of Physiology, Çanakkale, Turkey.
| | - Bülent Güvendi
- Rize Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Medical Faculty, Department of General Surgery, Rize, Turkey
| | - Yasemen Adalı
- İzmir University of Economics Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, İzmir, Turkey.
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Jia FJ, Han Z, Ma JH, Jiang SQ, Zhao XM, Ruan H, Xie WD, Li X. Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species in the Hepatorenal Toxicity of Actinomycin V In Vitro and In Vivo. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18080428. [PMID: 32824227 PMCID: PMC7460479 DOI: 10.3390/md18080428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The high toxicity of actinomycin D (Act D) severely limits its use as a first-line chemotherapeutic agent in the clinic. Actinomycin V (Act V), an analog of Act D, exhibited strong anticancer activity in our previous studies. Here, we provide evidence that Act V has less hepatorenal toxicity than Act D in vitro and in vivo, associated with the reactive oxygen species (ROS) pathway. Compared to Act D, Act V exhibited considerably stronger sensitivity for cancer cells and less toxicity to human normal liver LO-2 and human embryonic kidney 293T cells using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide) assay. Notably, Act V caused less damage to both the liver and kidney than Act D in vivo, indicated by organ to body weight ratios, as well as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and serum creatinine (Scr) levels. Further experiments showed that the ROS pathway is involved in Act V-induced hepatorenal toxicity. Act V generates ROS and accumulates malondialdehyde (MDA), reducing levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) in LO-2 and 293T cells. These findings indicate that Act V induces less hepatorenal toxicity than Act D in vitro and in vivo and merits further development as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-juan Jia
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (F.-j.J.); (Z.H.); (J.-h.M.); (S.-q.J.); (X.-m.Z.); (H.R.); (W.-d.X.)
| | - Zhuo Han
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (F.-j.J.); (Z.H.); (J.-h.M.); (S.-q.J.); (X.-m.Z.); (H.R.); (W.-d.X.)
| | - Jia-hui Ma
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (F.-j.J.); (Z.H.); (J.-h.M.); (S.-q.J.); (X.-m.Z.); (H.R.); (W.-d.X.)
| | - Shi-qing Jiang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (F.-j.J.); (Z.H.); (J.-h.M.); (S.-q.J.); (X.-m.Z.); (H.R.); (W.-d.X.)
| | - Xing-ming Zhao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (F.-j.J.); (Z.H.); (J.-h.M.); (S.-q.J.); (X.-m.Z.); (H.R.); (W.-d.X.)
| | - Hang Ruan
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (F.-j.J.); (Z.H.); (J.-h.M.); (S.-q.J.); (X.-m.Z.); (H.R.); (W.-d.X.)
| | - Wei-dong Xie
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (F.-j.J.); (Z.H.); (J.-h.M.); (S.-q.J.); (X.-m.Z.); (H.R.); (W.-d.X.)
| | - Xia Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China; (F.-j.J.); (Z.H.); (J.-h.M.); (S.-q.J.); (X.-m.Z.); (H.R.); (W.-d.X.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-631-5688303
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Merhi Z, Garg B, Moseley-LaRue R, Moseley AR, Smith AH, Zhang J. Ozone therapy: a potential therapeutic adjunct for improving female reproductive health. Med Gas Res 2020; 9:101-105. [PMID: 31249259 PMCID: PMC6607862 DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.260652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Ozone is emerging as a new adjunct therapeutic agent for female infertility. We here present a review of the literature, to date, pertaining to the effect of ozone therapy on tubal, ovarian, endometrial, and vaginal factors that could potentially affect female fertility. It also presents data pertaining to the relationship of ozone therapy on pelvic adhesion formation. Most data were performed on animals and very few human studies existed in the literature. Results suggested that ozone therapy could have beneficial effect on tubal occlusion, could protect from endometritis and vaginitis, might protect ovaries from ischemia and oocyte loss and finally might lead to less formation of pelvic adhesions. There is a critical need for human studies pertaining to ozone therapy, especially using safe methods of administration, such as transdermally or intravaginally, on female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaher Merhi
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx; New Hope Fertility Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - John Zhang
- New Hope Fertility Center, New York, NY, USA
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Martínez-Sánchez G, Schwartz A, Di Donna V. Potential Cytoprotective Activity of Ozone Therapy in SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9050389. [PMID: 32384798 PMCID: PMC7278582 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9050389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) in China at the end of 2019 has caused a large global outbreak. Systemic ozone therapy (OT) could be potentially useful in the clinical management of several complications secondary to SARS-CoV-2. The rationale and mechanism of action has already been proven clinically in other viral infections and has been shown in research studies to be highly effective at decreasing organ damage mediated by inflammation and oxidative stress. This review summarizes the OT studies that illustrate the possible cytoprotective mechanism of action of ozone and its physiological by-products in target organs affected by SARS-CoV-2. (2) Methods: This review encompasses a total of 74 peer-reviewed original articles. It is mainly focused on ozone as a modulator of the NF-κB/Nrf2 pathways and IL-6/IL-1β expression. (3) Results: In experimental models and the few existent clinical studies, homeostasis of the free radical and antioxidant balance by OT was associated with a modulation of NF-κB/Nrf2 balance and IL-6 and IL-1β expression. These molecular mechanisms support the cytoprotective effects of OT against tissue damage present in many inflammatory diseases, including viral infections. (4) Conclusions: The potential cytoprotective role of OT in the management of organ damage induced by COVID-19 merits further research. Controlled clinical trials are needed.
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Zhao C, Wang M, Jia Z, Li E, Zhao X, Li F, Lin R. Similar hepatotoxicity response induced by Rhizoma Paridis in zebrafish larvae, cell and rat. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 250:112440. [PMID: 31786445 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rhizoma Paridis, as a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), has been used in clinic for thousands of years. Recently, the hepatic toxicity was reported in some published articles while its hepatotoxicity mechanisms have not been well established. Therefore, the present study was performed to determine the effect of Rhizoma Paridis treatment on the lipid deposition and metabolism, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, and explore the underlying molecular mechanism through L02 cell, rat and zebrafish larvae. Rhizoma Paridis could diminish cell activity and cell proliferation, brought on cell apoptosis and elevated the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) compared with the control group, as evaluated in cell cultures. Rhizoma Paridis could result in the change of the liver structure and the liver function in the rat model and zebrafish larvae. Our results showed that Rhizoma Paridis could increase hepatic lipid accumulation, which was similar to the previous study and probably exerted toxic effect through intensive fatty acid lipogenesis, inhibition of fat degradation. Meanwhile, this experiment highlighted the importance of the oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, ER function, and the inflammation response in Rhizoma Paridis-induced disorder of hepatic lipid metabolism, which proposed a novel mechanism for interpretation of Rhizoma Paridis exposure inducing the disorder of lipid metabolism in vertebrates. Furthermore, the result of this experiment suggested that the toxicity response of zebrafish larvae was similar to the conventional model with a significant advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongjun Zhao
- Beijing Key Lab for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102, China.
| | - Mingshuang Wang
- Beijing Key Lab for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102, China.
| | - Zhe Jia
- Beijing Key Lab for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102, China.
| | - Erwen Li
- Beijing Key Lab for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102, China.
| | - Xia Zhao
- Beijing Key Lab for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102, China.
| | - Farong Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China.
| | - Ruichao Lin
- Beijing Key Lab for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102, China.
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Mansourian M, Mirzaei A, Azarmehr N, Vakilpour H, Kokhdan EP, Doustimotlagh AH. Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Stachys pilifera. Benth on acetaminophen-induced liver toxicity in male rats. Heliyon 2019; 5:e03029. [PMID: 32382666 PMCID: PMC7201135 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e03029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acetaminophen (APAP) at high doses causes adverse side effects such as hepatotoxicity. The aim of the current study was to investigate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Stachys pilifera. Benth (SP) on hepatotoxicity induced by APAP in male rats. Methods Adult male Wistar rats were allocated into four groups: control (C), APAP (2 g/kg), APAP + SP (500 mg/kg), and APAP + Silymarin (SM, 100 mg/kg) as positive control group. On the seventh day, the rats were sacrificed after taking blood samples. Then levels of biochemical parameters, oxidative stress markers and activity of antioxidant enzymes were measured. Results In the APAP group, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzymes activity was significantly increased and the level of protein carbonyl (PCO) was insignificantly increased as compared to control group. In addition, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and total thiol in the APAP group was significantly decreased compared to the normal rats. Stachys pilifera. Benth extract administration significantly reduced the activity of AST and ALT enzymes and the level of PCO compared to the APAP group, while significantly elevated the activity of GPX enzyme. Conclusion Hydroalcoholic extract of SP diminishes hepatotoxicity induced by APAP by reducing the amount of liver function indicators (AST and ALT). Furthermore, the hydroalcoholic extract of SP is capable of reducing oxidative stress through inhibiting protein oxidation as well as boosting the activity of GPX enzyme. In this respect, the hepatoprotective impact induced by the SP extract may possibly be attributable to its reactive oxygen species scavenging and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboubeh Mansourian
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Ali Mirzaei
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Nahid Azarmehr
- Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Hossein Vakilpour
- Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | | | - Amir Hossein Doustimotlagh
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
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12
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Azarmehr N, Afshar P, Moradi M, Sadeghi H, Sadeghi H, Alipoor B, Khalvati B, Barmoudeh Z, Abbaszadeh-Goudarzi K, Doustimotlagh AH. Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of watercress extract on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02072. [PMID: 31334381 PMCID: PMC6624241 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acetaminophen (APAP) as an analgesic and antipyretic drug can result to liver damages while using more than 4 g/day. Therefore, APAP toxicity causes the liver to dysfunction. This study aims to investigate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of hydroalcoholic extract of watercress (WC) in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Materials and methods Randomly, twenty-four Wistar rats were divided into four groups of six each. Groups named as control, APAP, APAP + WC and APAP + S for group 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Group 1 received distilled water 1 ml/kg for 7 days. In group 2, 3, and 4, rats pretreated by receiving distilled water (1 ml/kg), WC extract (500 mg/kg), silymarin extract (mg/kg) for 7 days, respectively. Of note, to induce acute hepatotoxicity in groups 2, 3, and 4, rats posttreated by orally intoxicated with single dose of APAP (2 g/kg) on the sixth day. The animals were sacrificed on the seventh day. Alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), protein carbonyl (PCO), total thiol (T-SH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were measured in plasma. It should be noted that the chemical composition of WC extract was identified by GC-MS analysis. Results The results have shown that there was a significant increase in AST, ALT, FRAP and PCO content in APAP group in comparison to control. Also, there was a significant reduction in T-SH levels and GPx activity in APAP group compared to control. However, administration of WC extract and silymarin not only causes a significant decrease in AST activity, but they markedly increased T-SH content and GPx activity compared to APAP group. GC-MS analysis showed the major compositions were found to be benzenepropanenitrile (48.30 %), Phytol (10.10 %), α-cadinene (9.50%) and linolenic acid (8.0). Conclusions It is concluded that the WC extract reduces APAP-induced toxicity through its hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Azarmehr
- Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Parisa Afshar
- Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Mona Moradi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Heibatollah Sadeghi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Hossein Sadeghi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Behnam Alipoor
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Bahman Khalvati
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Zahra Barmoudeh
- Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | | | - Amir Hossein Doustimotlagh
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
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13
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Adali Y, Eroǧlu HA, Makav M, Guvendi GF. Efficacy of Ozone and Selenium Therapy for Alcoholic Liver Injury: An Experimental Model. In Vivo 2019; 33:763-769. [PMID: 31028195 PMCID: PMC6559901 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Alcoholic liver disease is an important health problem which is reversible during early stages of liver damage, but becomes permanent with time. Nowadays, many studies focus on various agents that prevent, reduce or slow the progression of the toxic effects of alcohol. In our study, we investigated the efficiency of ozone and selenium against oxidative damage in a model of alcohol-induced liver damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-eight female Wistar Albino rats between 4 and 6 months of age and weighing 190-250 g were included in the study and were used as models of alcohol liver damage. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), serum and tissue total oxidant levels, serum and tissue total antioxidant levels, and the histopathological evaluation of the liver were performed in 8 groups. RESULTS In the statistical analysis, it was observed that ozone and/or selenium therapies decreased the AST levels. Total oxidant and antioxidant serum levels were found to vary in serum and tissue. Ozone and/or selenium therapies decreased liver damage, according to histopathological findings. CONCLUSION Through ozone and/or selenium therapies, less damage was observed histopathologically compared to the alcohol group. It is thought that the results of our study can be used in individual treatments following confirmation of liver damage in alcoholic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemen Adali
- Department of Pathology, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Avni Eroǧlu
- Department of Physiology, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Faculty of Medicine, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Makav
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Gülname Findik Guvendi
- Department of Pathology, Rize Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
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Li YZ, Ma ZN, Sun YS, Ren S, Jiang S, Zhang WZ, Wang Z, Li W. Protective effects of extracts of Schisandra chinensis stems against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity via regulation of MAPK and caspase-3 signaling pathways. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 16:700-713. [PMID: 30269847 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(18)30110-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate protective activity of an ethanol extract of the stems of Schisandra chinensis (SCE) and explore its possible molecular mechanisms on acetaminophen (APAP) induced hepatotoxicity in a mouse model. The results of HPLC analysis showed that the main components of SCE included schisandrol A, schisandrol B, deoxyschisandrin, schisandrin B, and schisandrin C and their contents were 5.83, 7.11, 2.13, 4.86, 0.42 mg·g-1, respectively. SCE extract was given for 7 consecutive days before a single hepatotoxic dose of APAP (250 mg·kg-1) was injected to mice. Our results showed that SCE pretreatment ameliorated liver dysfunction and oxidative stress, which was evidenced by significant decreases in aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and elevations in reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. These findings were associated with the result that the SCE pretreatment significantly decreased expression levels of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT). SCE also significantly decreased the expression levels of Bax, mitogen- activated protein kinase (MAPK), and cleaved caspase-3 by APAP exposure. Furthermore, supplementation with SCE suppressed the expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), suggesting alleviation of inflammatory response. In summary, these findings from the present study clearly demonstrated that SCE exerted significant alleviation in APAP-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis mainly via regulating MAPK and caspase-3 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Zi Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Zhi-Na Ma
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yin-Shi Sun
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plant, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Changchun 132109, China
| | - Shen Ren
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Shuang Jiang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Wei-Zhe Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Zi Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
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