1
|
Dächert C, Gladilin E, Binder M. Gene Expression Profiling of Different Huh7 Variants Reveals Novel Hepatitis C Virus Host Factors. Viruses 2019; 12:v12010036. [PMID: 31905685 PMCID: PMC7019296 DOI: 10.3390/v12010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection still constitutes a major global health problem with almost half a million deaths per year. To date, the human hepatoma cell line Huh7 and its derivatives is the only cell line that robustly replicates HCV. However, even different subclones and passages of this single cell line exhibit tremendous differences in HCV replication efficiency. By comparative gene expression profiling using a multi-pronged correlation analysis across eight different Huh7 variants, we identified 34 candidate host factors possibly affecting HCV permissiveness. For seven of the candidates, we could show by knock-down studies their implication in HCV replication. Notably, for at least four of them, we furthermore found that overexpression boosted HCV replication in lowly permissive Huh7 cells, most prominently for the histone-binding transcriptional repressor THAP7 and the nuclear receptor NR0B2. For NR0B2, our results suggest a finely balanced expression optimum reached in highly permissive Huh7 cells, with even higher levels leading to a nearly complete breakdown of HCV replication, likely due to a dysregulation of bile acid and cholesterol metabolism. Our unbiased expression-profiling approach, hence, led to the identification of four host cellular genes that contribute to HCV permissiveness in Huh7 cells. These findings add to an improved understanding of the molecular underpinnings of the strict host cell tropism of HCV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Dächert
- Research Group “Dynamics of Early Viral Infection and the Innate Antiviral Response”, Division Virus-associated Carcinogenesis (F170), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Evgeny Gladilin
- Division Bioinformatics and Omics Data Analytics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- BioQuant, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marco Binder
- Research Group “Dynamics of Early Viral Infection and the Innate Antiviral Response”, Division Virus-associated Carcinogenesis (F170), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-622-142-4974
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vallianou I, Dafou D, Vassilaki N, Mavromara P, Hadzopoulou-Cladaras M. Hepatitis C virus suppresses Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 alpha, a key regulator of hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 78:315-326. [PMID: 27477312 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection presents with a disturbed lipid profile and can evolve to hepatic steatosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 alpha (HNF4α) is the most abundant transcription factor in the liver, a key regulator of hepatic lipid metabolism and a critical determinant of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition and hepatic development. We have previously shown that transient inhibition of HNF4α initiates transformation of immortalized hepatocytes through a feedback loop consisting of miR-24, IL6 receptor (IL6R), STAT3, miR-124 and miR-629, suggesting a central role of HNF4α in HCC. However, the role of HNF4α in Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)-related hepatocarcinoma has not been evaluated and remains controversial. In this study, we provide strong evidence suggesting that HCV downregulates HNF4α expression at both transcriptional and translational levels. The observed decrease of HNF4α expression correlated with the downregulation of its downstream targets, HNF1α and MTP. Ectopic overexpression of HCV proteins also exhibited an inhibitory effect on HNF4α levels. The inhibition of HNF4α expression by HCV appeared to be mediated at transcriptional level as HCV proteins suppressed HNF4α gene promoter activity. HCV also up-regulated IL6R, activated STAT3 protein phosphorylation and altered the expression of acute phase genes. Furthermore, as HCV triggered the loss of HNF4α a consequent change of miR-24, miR-629 or miR-124 was observed. Our findings demonstrated that HCV-related HCC could be mediated through HNF4α-microRNA deregulation implying a possible role of HNF4α in HCV hepatocarcinogenesis. HCV inhibition of HNF4α could be sustained to promote HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Vallianou
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitra Dafou
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Niki Vassilaki
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Penelope Mavromara
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Margarita Hadzopoulou-Cladaras
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Delgado-Ortega M, Marc D, Dupont J, Trapp S, Berri M, Meurens F. SOCS proteins in infectious diseases of mammals. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2012; 151:1-19. [PMID: 23219158 PMCID: PMC7112700 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2012.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
As for most biological processes, the immune response to microbial infections has to be tightly controlled to remain beneficial for the host. Inflammation is one of the major consequences of the host's immune response. For its orchestration, this process requires a fine-tuned interplay between interleukins, endothelial cells and various types of recruited immune cells. Suppressors of cytokine signalling (SOCS) proteins are crucially involved in the complex control of the inflammatory response through their actions on various signalling pathways including the JAK/STAT and NF-κB pathways. Due to their cytokine regulatory functions, they are frequent targets for exploitation by infectious agents trying to escape the host's immune response. This review article aims to summarize our current knowledge regarding SOCS family members in the different mammalian species studied so far, and to display their complex molecular interactions with microbial pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Delgado-Ortega
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Petrizzo A, Tornesello ML, Napolitano M, D'Alessio G, Salomone Megna A, Dolcetti R, De Re V, Wang E, Marincola FM, Buonaguro FM, Buonaguro L. Multiparametric analyses of human PBMCs loaded ex vivo with a candidate idiotype vaccine for HCV-related lymphoproliferative disorders. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44870. [PMID: 23028651 PMCID: PMC3445594 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been identified as one of the major risk factors for type II mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC), during the clinical evolution of chronic hepatitis, which may lead to development of B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). We have previously shown that the candidate idiotype vaccine, based on the IGKV3-20 light chain protein, is able to induce activation and maturation of circulating antigen presenting cells (APCs) in both HCV-positive and HCV-negative healthy control subjects, with production of Th2-type cytokines. Here, the effect of the recombinant IGKV3-20 protein on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from HCV-positive subjects, with known blood levels of cryoglobulins, is shown via gene expression profiling analysis combined to multiparameter flow cytometry and multiplex analyses of cytokines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annacarmen Petrizzo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Viral Oncogenesis, National Cancer Institute “Fond. G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Lina Tornesello
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Viral Oncogenesis, National Cancer Institute “Fond. G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Napolitano
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, National Cancer Institute “Fond. G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Riccardo Dolcetti
- Cancer Bio-Immunotherapy Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Valli De Re
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Ena Wang
- Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section (IDIS), Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, and trans-NIH Center for Human Immunology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Franco M. Marincola
- Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section (IDIS), Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, and trans-NIH Center for Human Immunology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Franco M. Buonaguro
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Viral Oncogenesis, National Cancer Institute “Fond. G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Buonaguro
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Viral Oncogenesis, National Cancer Institute “Fond. G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu C, Gilroy R, Taylor R, Olyaee M, Abdulkarim B, Forster J, O'Neil M, Damjanov I, Wan YJY. Alteration of hepatic nuclear receptor-mediated signaling pathways in hepatitis C virus patients with and without a history of alcohol drinking. Hepatology 2011; 54:1966-74. [PMID: 21898497 PMCID: PMC3230737 DOI: 10.1002/hep.24645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The current study tests a hypothesis that nuclear receptor signaling is altered in chronic hepatitis C patients and that the altered pattern is specific to alcohol drinking history. The expression of a panel of more than 100 genes encoding nuclear receptors, coregulators, and their direct/indirect targets was studied in human livers. Gene expression pattern was compared between 15 normal donor livers and 23 hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1-positive livers from patients without a drinking history (matched for age, sex, and body mass index). HCV infection increased the expression of nuclear receptors small heterodimer partner and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) as well as genes involved in fatty acid trafficking, bile acid synthesis and uptake, and inflammatory response. However, the expression of retinoid X receptor (RXR) α, peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α and β as well as steroid regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c was decreased in HCV-infected livers. Gene expression pattern was compared in chronic hepatitis C patients with and without a drinking history. Alcohol drinking increased the expression of genes involved in fatty acid uptake, trafficking, and oxidation, but decreased the expression of genes responsible for gluconeogenesis. These changes were consistent with reduced fasting plasma glucose levels and altered expression of upstream regulators that include RXRα, PPARα, and CAR. The messenger RNA levels of fibroblast growth factor 21, interleukin-10, and fatty acid synthase, which are all regulated by nuclear receptors, showed independent correlation with hepatic HCV RNA levels. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that those genes and pathways that showed altered expression could potentially be therapeutic targets for HCV infection and/or alcohol drinking-induced liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanghong Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS,Department of Infectious Diseases, the People's Hospital of Shekou, Shenzhen, 518067, China
| | - Richard Gilroy
- Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Ryan Taylor
- Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Mojtaba Olyaee
- Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Bashar Abdulkarim
- Department of Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Jameson Forster
- Department of Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Maura O'Neil
- Department of Pathology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Ivan Damjanov
- Department of Pathology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Yu-Jui Yvonne Wan
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS,Corresponding Author: Yu-Jui Yvonne Wan, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Mailstop 1018, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA. Phone: 913-588-9111, Fax: 913-588-7501,
| |
Collapse
|