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Liu M, Jin D, Yu W, Yu J, Cao K, Cheng J, Zheng X, Wang A, Liu Y. Enhancing Tumor Immunotherapy by Multivalent Anti-PD-L1 Nanobody Assembled via Ferritin Nanocage. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308248. [PMID: 38491904 PMCID: PMC11132087 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Increasing immunotherapy response rate and durability can lead to significant improvements in cancer care. To address this challenge, a novel multivalent immune checkpoint therapeutic platform is constructed through site-specific ligation of anti-PD-L1 nanobody (Nb) on ferritin (Ftn) nanocage. Nb-Ftn blocks PD-1/PD-L1 interaction and downregulates PD-L1 levels via endocytosis-induced degradation. In addition, the cage structure of Ftn allows encapsulation of indocyanine green (ICG), an FDA-approved dye. Photothermal treatment with Nb-Ftn@ICG induces immunogenic death of tumor cells, which improves systemic immune response via maturation of dendritic cells and enhanced infiltration of T cells. Moreover, Nb-Ftn encapsulation significantly enhances cellular uptake, tumor accumulation and retention of ICG. In vivo assays showed that this nanoplatform ablates the primary tumor, suppresses abscopal tumors and inhibits tumor metastasis, leading to a prolonged survival rate. This work presents a novel strategy for improving cancer immunotherapy using multivalent nanobody-ferritin conjugates as immunological targeting and enhancing carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Liu
- Department of Pharmacythe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230001China
| | - Duo Jin
- Department of Pharmacythe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230001China
| | - Wenxin Yu
- Department of Pharmacythe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230001China
| | - Jiaji Yu
- Department of Pharmacythe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230001China
| | - Kaiming Cao
- Department of Pharmacythe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230001China
| | - Junjie Cheng
- Department of Pharmacythe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230001China
| | - Xiaohu Zheng
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic DiseaseSchool of Basic Medical SciencesCenter for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHMDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027China
| | - Andrew Wang
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallas75230USA
| | - Yangzhong Liu
- Department of Pharmacythe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230001China
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Peng Z, Xiao H, Liu H, Jin H, Ma H, Sun L, Zhang X. Downregulation of ARNTL in renal tubules of diabetic db/db mice reduces kidney injury by inhibiting ferroptosis. Cell Signal 2023; 111:110883. [PMID: 37690659 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of ferroptosis in diabetic kidney tubules has been documented, yet the underlying mechanism remains elusive. The aim of this study was to ascertain the pivotal gene linked to ferroptosis and establish a novel target for the prevention and management of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). METHODS Transcriptomics data (GSE184836) from DKD mice (C57BLKS/J) were retrieved from the GEO database and intersected with ferroptosis-related genes from FerrDb. Then, differentially expressed genes associated with ferroptosis in the glomeruli and tubules were screened. Gene ontology analysis and protein-protein interaction network construction were used to identify key genes. Western blotting and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction were employed to validate the expression in the same model. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein 1 (ARNTL) expression in patients and mice with DKD was assessed using immunohistochemistry staining. ARNTL knockdown in C57BLKS/J mice was established and plasma malonaldehyde, superoxide dismutase, and renal pathology were analyzed. The efficacy of ARNTL knockdown was evaluated using proteomics analysis. Mitochondrial morphology was observed using transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS ARNTL was screened by bioinformatics analysis and its overexpression verified in patients and mice with DKD. ARNTL knockdown reduced oxidative stress in plasma. Kidney proteomics revealed that ferroptosis was inhibited. The reduction of the classic alteration in mitochondrial morphology associated with ferroptosis was also observed. Gene set enrichment analysis demonstrated that the downregulation of the TGFβ pathway coincided with a decrease in collagen protein and TGFβ1 levels. CONCLUSIONS The ferroptosis-associated gene ARNTL is a potential target for treating DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimei Peng
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hua Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hanyong Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongtao Jin
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hualin Ma
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Liping Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinzhou Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China.
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Wang W, Zhang L, Xia K, Huang T, Fan D. Mendelian Randomization Analysis Reveals Statins Potentially Increase Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Risk Independent of Peripheral Cholesterol-Lowering Effects. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051359. [PMID: 37239030 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies suggest that statins may affect amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, they are limited by confounding and reverse causality biases. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the potential causal associations between statins and ALS using a mendelian randomization (MR) approach. METHODS Two-sample MR and drug-target MR were performed. Exposure sources included GWAS summary statistics of statin use, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), HMGCR-mediated LDL-C and LDL-C response to statins. RESULTS Genetic predisposition to statin medication was associated with increased ALS risk (OR = 1.085, 95% CI = 1.025-1.148, p = 0.005). After removing SNPs significantly associated with statin use from the instrumental variables (IVs), LDL-C-related higher ALS risk was absent (before removing: OR = 1.075, 95% CI = 1.013-1.141, p = 0.017; after removing: OR = 1.036, 95% CI = 0.949-1.131, p = 0.432). HMGCR-mediated LDL-C (OR = 1.033, 95% CI = 0.823-1.296, p = 0.779) and blood LDL-C response to statins (OR = 0.998, 95% CI = 0.991-1.005, p = 0.538) had no association with ALS. CONCLUSIONS Here, we show that statins may be a risky exposure that increases ALS risk independent of the lowering effect of LDL-C in peripheral circulation. This provides insights into ALS development and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Health Commission/Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Linjing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Health Commission/Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kailin Xia
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Health Commission/Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Dongsheng Fan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, National Health Commission/Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Chen Z, Fan H, Chen ZY, Jiang C, Feng MZ, Guo XY, Yang H, Hao DJ. OECs Prevented Neuronal Cells from Apoptosis Partially Through Exosome-derived BDNF. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:2497-2506. [PMID: 36527597 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-022-02097-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
It is known that neurotrophic factors are a major source of the neuroprotective effects of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs). However, the form of neurotrophic factors that originate from OECs is not fully understood. Our previous study demonstrated that OECs could secrete exosome (OECs-Exo), which provided neuroprotection by switching the phenotype of macrophages/microglia. Considering that exosomes could also be taken up by neurons, we explored the direct effect of OECs-Exo on neuronal survival and the underlying mechanism. Electron microscopy, nano-traffic analysis, and Western blotting were applied to identify the OECs-Exo. The effect of OECs-Exo on neuronal survival was tested by flow cytometry and TUNEL staining. Western blotting and ELISA were used to detect neurotrophic factors in purified OECs-Exo. We first isolated OECs-Exo and found that OECs-Exo exerted protective effects on neuronal survival in response to TNF-α challenge. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was then identified in OECs-Exo, and its receptor TrkB in neurons was activated by OECs-Exo treatment. Furthermore, we demonstrated that OECs prevented TNF-α-induced apoptosis in neurons partially through exosome-derived BDNF. Our data showed that OECs attenuated TNF-α-induced apoptosis in neurons partially through OEC-Exo-derived BDNF, which might provide a novel strategy for the neuroprotective effect of OEC-Exo-based treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Shaanxi Spine Medicine Research Center, Department of Spine Surgery, Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
| | - Hong Fan
- Shaanxi Spine Medicine Research Center, Department of Spine Surgery, Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China.,Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China
| | - Zi-Yi Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Shaanxi Spine Medicine Research Center, Department of Spine Surgery, Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
| | - Ming-Zhe Feng
- Shaanxi Spine Medicine Research Center, Department of Spine Surgery, Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
| | - Xin-Yu Guo
- Shaanxi Spine Medicine Research Center, Department of Spine Surgery, Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Shaanxi Spine Medicine Research Center, Department of Spine Surgery, Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China.
| | - Ding-Jun Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China. .,Shaanxi Spine Medicine Research Center, Department of Spine Surgery, Translational Medicine Center, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China.
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Tang X, Bian J, Li Z. Post-Translational Modifications in GPCR Internalization. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C84-C94. [PMID: 35613355 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00015.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of membrane receptors that serve as the most important drug targets. Classically, GPCR internalization has been considered to lead to receptor desensitization. However, many studies over the past decade have reported that internalized membrane receptors can trigger distinct signal activation. The "internalized activation" provides a completely new understanding for the receptor internalization, the mechanism of physiology/pathology and novel drug targets for precision medicine. GPCR internalization undergoes a series of strict regulations, especially by post-translational modifications (PTMs). Here, this review summarizes different PTMs in GPCR internalization and analyzes their significance in GPCR internalization dynamics, internalization routes, post-internalization fates and related diseases, which will offer new insights into the regulatory mechanism of GPCR signaling and novel drug targets for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Tang
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwei Bian
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Zijian Li
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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6
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Hu J, Zhu Z, Chen Z, Yang Q, Liang W, Ding G. Alteration in Rab11-mediated endocytic trafficking of LDL receptor contributes to angiotensin II-induced cholesterol accumulation and injury in podocytes. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13229. [PMID: 35567428 PMCID: PMC9201372 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Exposure of podocytes to angiotensin II (Ang II) enhances the abundance of the cell surface glycoprotein, low‐density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and promotes significant changes in the cellular cholesterol content. Recent investigation provides evidence that the small GTPase Rab11 is involved in the regulation of LDLR, but the exact mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, the role of Rab11 in post‐transcriptional regulation of LDLR was evaluated to investigate potential mechanisms of podocyte cholesterol dysregulation in chronic kidney disease. Materials and Methods Cholesterol content, LDLR and Rab11 expression were assessed in podocytes from Ang II‐infused mice. In vitro, the intracellular localization of LDLR was detected under different conditions. Rab11 expression was modulated and we then explored the effect of anti‐lipid cytotoxicity by detecting LDLR expression and trafficking, cholesterol content and apoptosis in podocytes. Results Cholesterol accumulation, upregulated expression of LDLR and Rab11 were discovered in podocytes from Ang II‐infused mice. Ang II enhanced the co‐precipitation of LDLR with Rab11 and accelerated the endocytic recycling of LDLR to the plasma membrane. Additionally, silencing Rab11 promoted lysosomal degradation of LDLR and alleviated Ang II‐induced cholesterol accumulation and apoptosis in podocytes. Conversely, overexpression of Rab11 or inhibition of lysosomal degradation up‐regulated the abundance of LDLR and aggravated podocyte cholesterol deposition. Conclusions Rab11 triggers the endocytic trafficking and recycling of LDLR; overactivation of this pathway contributes to Ang II‐induced podocyte cholesterol accumulation and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jijia Hu
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zijing Zhu
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guohua Ding
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Dankovich TM, Rizzoli SO. The Synaptic Extracellular Matrix: Long-Lived, Stable, and Still Remarkably Dynamic. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2022; 14:854956. [PMID: 35350469 PMCID: PMC8957932 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2022.854956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In the adult brain, synapses are tightly enwrapped by lattices of the extracellular matrix that consist of extremely long-lived molecules. These lattices are deemed to stabilize synapses, restrict the reorganization of their transmission machinery, and prevent them from undergoing structural or morphological changes. At the same time, they are expected to retain some degree of flexibility to permit occasional events of synaptic plasticity. The recent understanding that structural changes to synapses are significantly more frequent than previously assumed (occurring even on a timescale of minutes) has called for a mechanism that allows continual and energy-efficient remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) at synapses. Here, we review recent evidence for such a process based on the constitutive recycling of synaptic ECM molecules. We discuss the key characteristics of this mechanism, focusing on its roles in mediating synaptic transmission and plasticity, and speculate on additional potential functions in neuronal signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal M. Dankovich
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute for Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, Göttingen, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Neuroscience, Göttingen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Tal M. Dankovich Silvio O. Rizzoli
| | - Silvio O. Rizzoli
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute for Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, Göttingen, Germany
- Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration (BIN) Center & Multiscale Bioimaging Excellence Center, Göttingen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Tal M. Dankovich Silvio O. Rizzoli
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Zhang N, Zhu H, Li Z, Dong E. A novel β 2-AR agonist, Higenamine, induces β-arrestin-biased signaling. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2021; 65:1357-1368. [PMID: 34783996 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-021-2008-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The biased ligands in G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have opened new avenues for developing safer and more effective drugs. However, the identification of such biased ligands as drug candidates is highly desirable. Here, we report that Higenamine, a compound isolated from a Chinese herb, functions as a novel β-arrestin-biased ligand of the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR). The radioligand binding assays demonstrated that Higenamine was the ligand of β2-AR. Higenamine induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), which can be blocked by propranolol, an inhibitor of β2-AR. The Gi protein inhibitor, pertussis toxin, had no effect on the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 induced by Higenamine. Furthermore, Higenamine induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation through transactivation of Epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR). We also found that Higenamine-induced-ERK1/2 phosphorylation is dependent on β-arrestin1/2, and HG inhibits Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Our results identify Higenamine as a novel biased ligand via the β-arrestin-dependent pathway. These findings give us a better understanding of Higenamine's potential role in designing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines; Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study; Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Haibo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines; Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study; Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Zijian Li
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China. .,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Erdan Dong
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Beijing, 100191, China
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