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Surface-modified ZrO2 nanoparticles with caffeic acid: Characterization and in vitro evaluation of biosafety for placental cells. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 347:109618. [PMID: 34364836 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The toxicity of hybrid nanoparticles, consisting of non-toxic components, zirconium dioxide nanoparticles (ZrO2 NPs), and caffeic acid (CA), was examined against four different cell lines (HTR-8 SV/Neo, JEG-3, JAR, and HeLa). Stable aqueous ZrO2 sol, synthesized by forced hydrolysis, consists of 3-4 nm in size primary particles organized in 30-60 nm in size snowflake-like particles, as determined by transmission electron microscopy and direct light scattering measurements. The surface modification of ZrO2 NPs with CA leads to the formation of an interfacial charge transfer (ICT) complex followed by the appearance of absorption in the visible spectral range. The spectroscopic observations are complemented with the density functional theory calculations using a cluster model. The ZrO2 NPs and CA are non-toxic against four different cell lines in investigated concentration range. Also, ZrO2 NPs promote the proliferation of HTR-8 SV/Neo, JAR, and HeLa cells. On the other hand, hybrid ZrO2/CA NPs induced a significant reduction of the viability of the JEG-3 cells (39 %) for the high concentration of components (1.6 mM ZrO2 and 0.4 mM CA).
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Lv L, Cui H, Ma Z, Liu X, Yang L. Recent progresses in the pharmacological activities of caffeic acid phenethyl ester. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 394:1327-1339. [PMID: 33492405 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02054-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The past decades have seen a growing interest in natural products. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a flavonoid isolated from honeybee propolis, has shown multiple pharmacological potentials, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and protective effects on nervous systems and multiple organs, since it was found as a potent nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) inhibitor. This review summarizes the advances in these beneficial effects of CAPE, as well as the underlying mechanisms, and proposes that CAPE offers an opportunity for developing therapeutics in multiple diseases. However, clinical trials on CAPE are necessary and encouraged to obtain certain clinically relevant conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Lv
- Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | | | - Zhiming Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Eye Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.
| | - Longfei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.
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Dhulqarnain AO, Takzaree N, Hassanzadeh G, Tooli H, Malekzadeh M, Khanmohammadi N, Yaghobinejad M, Solhjoo S, Rastegar T. Pentoxifylline improves the survival of spermatogenic cells via oxidative stress suppression and upregulation of PI3K/AKT pathway in mouse model of testicular torsion-detorsion. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06868. [PMID: 33997400 PMCID: PMC8095127 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular torsion-detorsion results in enhanced formation of free radicals which contribute to the pathophysiology of testicular tissue damage. Recent reports have identified protective role of pentoxifylline (PTX) against free radicals. Thus, we determined the protective effect of pentoxifylline against testicular damage in mouse model of testicular torsion-detorsion. Twenty (6 weeks old) male mice were divided into 4 groups of 5 animals each namely: Control (sham operated group), T1 (Torsion-detosion + single dose 100 mg/kg PTX, T2 (torsion-detorsion + 20 mg/kg PTX for 2 weeks and T/D (torsion-detorsion only). Animals in T1, T2 and T/D groups underwent 2 h of testicular torsion with the left testes rotated 720° (clockwisely) followed by 30 min of detorsion. After detorsion, drug administration was done intraperitoneally. The left testes of all the animals were excised on the 35th day after torsion-detortion for histopathological and biochemical assay. Histomorphological analysis of the seminiferous tubules showed that there were significant increase (P < 0.01 or 0.05) in the mean seminiferous tubule diameter, Johnson score and germ cells of animals in Control and T1 compared to T2 and T/D with no significant difference (P > 0.05) in testes weight, sertoli, leydig and myoid cells in all groups. IHC results showed significant increase (P < 0.01 or 0.05) in id4 and scp3 protein markers in Control, T1 and T2 compared to T/D. Oxidative stress analysis revealed that Pentoxifylline significantly increased (P < 0.01 or 0.05) the level of SOD, catalase, mRNA expression of akt and pi3k genes but significantly suppress (P < 0.01 or 0.05) MDA and Caspase-3 level in Control, T1 and T2 compared to T/D. Pentoxifylline could be used as an adjunct therapy to surgery in the treatment of torsion-detorsion related testicular injury, However, Further studies are needed to evaluate the effects of pentoxifylline on testicular torsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanji Omotosho Dhulqarnain
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Takzaree
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golamreza Hassanzadeh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Heidar Tooli
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Sharoud, Iran.,Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mehrnoush Malekzadeh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Khanmohammadi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Yaghobinejad
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Solhjoo
- Department of Anatomy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Rastegar
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Huyut Z, Alp HH, Yaman T, Keleş ÖF, Yener Z, Türkan F, Ayengin K. Comparison of the protective effects of curcumin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester against doxorubicin-induced testicular toxicity. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13919. [PMID: 33289171 DOI: 10.1111/and.13919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether testicular toxicity is mediated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is an important question that has not been examined. This study investigated the suppressive effect of curcumin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on oxidative stress, apoptosis, and whether MMPs mediate doxorubicin (DOX)-induced testicular injury. Male rats were randomly divided into eight groups (n = 8 per group). The groups were as follows: sham, dimethyl sulphoxide (100 µL), DOX (3 mg/kg), CAPE (2.68 mg/kg), curcumin (30 mg/kg), DOX+CAPE (3 mg/kg DOX and 2.68 mg/kg CAPE), DOX+curcumin (3 mg/kg DOX and 30 mg/kg curcumin) and DOX+CAPE+curcumin (3 mg/kg DOX, 2.68 mg/kg CAPE and 30 mg/kg curcumin). Injections were administered daily for 21 days. The oxidative stress, MMPs, proinflammatory cytokines and apoptotic markers in the DOX group were higher than the sham group (p < .05); these measures were lower in the groups treated with CAPE and curcumin together with DOX compared with the DOX group (p < .05). The results showed that MMPs mediated DOX-induced testicular injury, but CAPE and especially curcumin suppressed testis injury and cell apoptosis by suppressing DOX-induced increases in MMPs, oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines. However, curcumin exhibited more pronounced effects than CAPE in terms of all studied parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zübeyir Huyut
- Medical Faculty, Department of Biochemistry, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Hamit Hakan Alp
- Medical Faculty, Department of Biochemistry, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Turan Yaman
- Faculty of Veterinary, Department of Pathology, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Ömer Faruk Keleş
- Faculty of Veterinary, Department of Pathology, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Zabit Yener
- Faculty of Veterinary, Department of Pathology, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Fikret Türkan
- Health Services Vocational School, Igdır University, Igdır, Turkey
| | - Kemal Ayengin
- Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
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Silva H, Lopes NMF. Cardiovascular Effects of Caffeic Acid and Its Derivatives: A Comprehensive Review. Front Physiol 2020; 11:595516. [PMID: 33343392 PMCID: PMC7739266 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.595516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeic acid (CA) and its phenethyl ester (CAPE) are naturally occurring hydroxycinnamic acids with an interesting array of biological activities; e.g., antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and cytostatic. More recently, several synthetic analogs have also shown similar properties, and some with the advantage of added stability. The actions of these compounds on the cardiovascular system have not been thoroughly explored despite presenting an interesting potential. Indeed the mechanisms underlying the vascular effects of these compounds particularly need clarifying. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date review on current knowledge about CA and its derivatives in the cardiovascular system. Caffeic acid, CAPE and the synthetic caffeic acid phenethyl amide (CAPA) exhibit vasorelaxant activity by acting on the endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. Vasorelaxant mechanisms include the increased endothelial NO secretion, modulation of calcium and potassium channels, and modulation of adrenergic receptors. Together with a negative chronotropic effect, vasorelaxant activity contributes to lower blood pressure, as several preclinical studies show. Their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic properties contribute to an important anti-atherosclerotic effect, and protect tissues against ischemia/reperfusion injuries and the cellular dysfunction caused by different physico-chemical agents. There is an obvious shortage of in vivo studies to further explore these compounds' potential in vascular physiology. Nevertheless, their favorable pharmacokinetic profile and overall lack of toxicity make these compounds suitable for clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Silva
- CBIOS – Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies, Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nuno Miguel F. Lopes
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Arena S, Iacona R, Antonuccio P, Russo T, Salvo V, Gitto E, Impellizzeri P, Romeo C. Medical perspective in testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:2115-2122. [PMID: 28565817 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Testicular torsion or torsion of the spermatic cord is one of the most serious urological conditions. It causes testicular injury, which potentially leads to male subfertility. The turning of the spermatic cord and spermatic structures around themselves results in biochemical and histological changes; however, following testicular detorsion, tissues undergo reperfusion that causes more severe damage than that induced by ischemia. Since the primary causes of testicular damage are reactive oxygen species production, an increase in intra-mitochondrial calcium concentration and an increased rate of cellular apoptosis, different medications may potentially be effective. It seems that several medications, experimentally and sometimes clinically, serve an adjuvant role in the cellular damage that occurs following ischemia-reperfusion. Antioxidants, calcium channel blockers, phytotherapeutical medicinals, anaesthetics, hormones and platelet inhibitors may potentially create a solid basis for an adjuvant restoring therapy and ameliorate testicular function following torsion. The current study aimed to review the relevant literature and discuss the actions of a number of molecules that may protect the testes during ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Arena
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Unit of Paediatric Surgery, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberta Iacona
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Pietro Antonuccio
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Unit of Paediatric Surgery, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Tiziana Russo
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Unit of Paediatric Surgery, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Salvo
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Neonatal and Intensive Care Unit, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Eloisa Gitto
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Neonatal and Intensive Care Unit, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Pietro Impellizzeri
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Unit of Paediatric Surgery, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Carmelo Romeo
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', Unit of Paediatric Surgery, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
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Tolba MF, Omar HA, Azab SS, Khalifa AE, Abdel-Naim AB, Abdel-Rahman SZ. Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester: A Review of Its Antioxidant Activity, Protective Effects against Ischemia-reperfusion Injury and Drug Adverse Reactions. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 56:2183-90. [PMID: 25365228 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2013.821967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Propolis, a honey bee product, has been used in folk medicine for centuries for the treatment of abscesses, canker sores and for wound healing. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is one of the most extensively investigated active components of propolis which possess many biological activities, including antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects. CAPE is a polyphenolic compound characterized by potent antioxidant and cytoprotective activities and protective effects against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced injury in multiple tissues such as brain, retina, heart, skeletal muscles, testis, ovaries, intestine, colon, and liver. Furthermore, several studies indicated the protective effects of CAPE against chemotherapy-induced adverse drug reactions (ADRs) including several antibiotics (streptomycin, vancomycin, isoniazid, ethambutol) and chemotherapeutic agents (mitomycin, doxorubicin, cisplatin, methotrexate). Due to the broad spectrum of pharmacological activities of CAPE, this review makes a special focus on the recently published data about CAPE antioxidant activity as well as its protective effects against I/R-induced injury and many adverse drug reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai F Tolba
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt.,b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston , Texas , USA
| | - Hany A Omar
- c Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Beni-Suef University , Egypt
| | - Samar S Azab
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Amani E Khalifa
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Ashraf B Abdel-Naim
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Sherif Z Abdel-Rahman
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston , Texas , USA
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Erboga M, Kanter M, Aktas C, Bozdemir Donmez Y, Fidanol Erboga Z, Aktas E, Gurel A. Anti-Apoptotic and Anti-Oxidant Effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester on Cadmium-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 171:176-84. [PMID: 26424218 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0509-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a serious environmental and occupational contaminant and may represent a serious health hazard to humans and other animals. Cd is reported to induce the generation of reactive oxygen species, and induces testicular damage in many species of animals. The goal of our study was to examine the anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidant effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on Cd-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and testicular injury in rats. A total of 40 male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: control, CAPE alone, Cd-treated, and Cd-treated with CAPE; each group consisted of 10 animals. To induce toxicity, Cd (1 mg/kg body weight) was dissolved in normal saline and subcutaneously injected into rats for 30 days. The rats in CAPE-treated group were given a daily dose of 10 μmol/kg body weight of CAPE by using intraperitoneal injection. This application was continued daily for a total of 30 days. To date, no examinations of the anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidant properties of CAPE on Cd-induced apoptosis, oxidative damage, and testicular injury in rat testes have been reported. CAPE-treated animals showed an improved histological appearance and serum testosterone levels in Cd-treated group. Our data indicate a significant reduction in the number of apoptotic cells in testis tissues of the Cd-treated group with CAPE treatment. Moreover, CAPE significantly suppressed lipid peroxidation, compensated deficits in the anti-oxidant defenses in testes tissue resulted from Cd administration. These findings suggest that the protective potential of CAPE in Cd toxicity might be due to its anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties, which could be useful for achieving optimum effects in Cd-induced testicular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Erboga
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Namik Kemal, Tekirdag, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Kanter
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Istanbul Medeniyet, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cevat Aktas
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Namik Kemal, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Yeliz Bozdemir Donmez
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Namik Kemal, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Fidanol Erboga
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Namik Kemal, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Emel Aktas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Health High School, University of Karabuk, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Gurel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Namik Kemal, Tekirdag, Turkey
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Caffeic acid phenethyl ester activates pro-apoptotic and epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related genes in ovarian cancer cells A2780 and A2780cis. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 413:189-98. [PMID: 26838168 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2652-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a highly aggressive pathology, displaying a poor prognosis and chemoresistance to classical therapy. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on survival of ovarian cancer cell lines, A2780 (sensitive to cisplatin) and A2780cis (resistant to cisplatin). MTT assay was used to evaluate cell viability, while the apoptotic processes were examined by flow cytometry and qRT-PCR. A reduction of cell proliferation and activation of the apoptosis was observed in both cell lines. qRT-PCR evaluation demonstrated the activation of the pro-apoptotic genes (BAD, CASP8, FAS, FADD, p53) in both cell lines. The limited therapeutic effect in A2780 cells is explained by the activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related genes (ZEB1, ZEB2, or TGFBB1) as displayed by Ingenuity Network analysis. Overall data suggest that CAPE can be used as an alternative in sensitizing cells to chemotherapy.
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Akyol S, Akbas A, Butun I, Toktas M, Ozyurt H, Sahin S, Akyol O. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester as a remedial agent for reproductive functions and oxidative stress-based pathologies of gonads. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE RESEARCH 2015; 4:187-91. [PMID: 26401405 PMCID: PMC4566781 DOI: 10.5455/jice.20150402062823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the studies on the roles of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) in several disease models and cell cultures are tremendously growing. It is such a great molecule that was used by ancient times to ameliorate some diseases and nowadays, it is used by modern medicine to test the effectiveness. In this mini-review article, the protection capability of CAPE, as a liposoluble antioxidant and a potent nuclear factor kappa B inhibitor, on oxidative and non-oxidative ovary, and testis damages has been summarized. In view of our laboratory findings/experience and those reported in the hitherto literature, we suggest that CAPE possesses protective effects for pathologies of the reproductive organs induced by untoward effects of harmful molecules such as free oxygen radicals, pesticides, methotrexate, and MK-801 (dizocilpine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeyya Akyol
- Departments of Medical Biology, Faculty of Turgut Ozal University Medical, Ankara, Turkey ; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University Medical, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Ali Akbas
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University Medical, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Butun
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University Medical, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Muhsin Toktas
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Turgut Ozal University Medical, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Ozyurt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University Medical, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Semsettin Sahin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University Medical, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Omer Akyol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Hacettepe University Medical, Ankara, Turkey
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Sugiyama A, Chiba M, Nakagami T, Kawano S, Sanada Y, Tajiri T, Toki A. Beneficial effects of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate on ischemia-reperfusion testicular injury in rats. J Pediatr Surg 2012; 47:1427-32. [PMID: 22813808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2012.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Revised: 12/26/2011] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. METHODS Forty male Wistar rats were assigned to 5 groups. A sham operation was performed on the animals in group 1. In group 2, after 4 hours of unilateral testicular ischemia, 4 hours of testicular reperfusion was performed with EGCG administered 1 hour before reperfusion. In group 3, the same surgical procedure as in group 2 was performed, but without EGCG. Serum superoxide dismutase activity, creatine kinase, and lactate dehydrogenase were then measured in blood samples from groups 1 to 3. In group 4, after 4 hours of unilateral testicular ischemia, testicular reperfusion was performed. In group 5, the same procedure as in group 4 was performed, but with EGCG administered 1 hour before reperfusion. For groups 4 and 5, bilateral orchiectomy was performed for histologic examination 4 weeks after reperfusion was started. RESULTS Serum superoxide dismutase activity was significantly higher in group 2 than in group 3. The ratios of bilateral testicular weight, mean seminiferous tubule diameter, and germinal epithelial cell thickness were significantly higher in group 5 than in group 4. CONCLUSIONS Therapy with EGCG before reperfusion might exert protective effects via antioxidant activities in a rat experimental model of testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihide Sugiyama
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Showa University Hospital, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.
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Turkmen S, Mentese A, Karaguzel E, Karaca Y, Kucuk A, Uzun A, Yulug E, Turedi S. A comparison of the effects of N-acetylcysteine and ethyl pyruvate on experimental testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury. Fertil Steril 2012; 98:626-31. [PMID: 22717346 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and ethyl pyruvate (EP) on experimental testicular ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. DESIGN Randomized, controlled, experimental study. SETTING University hospital. ANIMAL(S) Twenty-four mature male Wistar rats. INTERVENTION(S) Rats were divided into four groups: control group, torsion-detorsion (T/D) group, EP group, and NAC group. In the pretreatment of the NAC and EP groups, 20 mg/kg NAC and 50 mg/kg EP were given intraperitoneally (IP) 30 minutes before detorsion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), tissue and serum malondialdehyde, and myeloperoxidase activity levels and histopathological damage scores were then compared. RESULT(S) Ethyl pyruvate and N-acetylcysteine exhibited a protective effect against I/R injury. Of the biochemical parameters evaluated as a result of testicular I/R, only IMA levels were significantly elevated. There was a strong and significant correlation between serum IMA levels and histopathological injury scores, and the increase in serum IMA level exhibited a strong parallel with the increase in histopathological injury. In the EP group, although the histopathological injury score was similar to that of the control group, serum IMA levels were significantly elevated. CONCLUSION(S) Both NAC and EP, the effects of which on I/R injury are evaluated in the present study, reduce such injury in testicular torsion-detorsion. Comparing their effects on IMA levels, NAC may be regarded as a relatively more effective treatment than EP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suha Turkmen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Yuksel MB, Kavak S, Gecit I, Basel H, Gümrükçüoğlu HA, Demir H, Meral I. Short-term levosimendan treatment protects rat testes against oxidative stress. Braz J Med Biol Res 2012; 45:716-20. [PMID: 22584643 PMCID: PMC3854241 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2012007500075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of short-term levosimendan exposure on oxidant/antioxidant status and trace element levels in the testes of rats under physiological conditions. Twenty male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into two groups of 10 animals each. Group 1 was not exposed to levosimendan and served as control. Levosimendan (12 µg/kg) diluted in 10 mL 0.9% NaCl was administered intraperitoneally to group 2. Animals of both groups were sacrificed after 3 days and their testes were harvested for the determination of changes in tissue oxidant/antioxidant status and trace element levels. Tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly lower in the levosimendan group (P < 0.001) than in the untreated control group and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels were significantly higher in the levosimendan group (P < 0.001). Carbonic anhydrase, catalase and GSH levels were not significantly different from controls. Mg and Zn levels of testes were significantly higher (P < 0.001) and Co, Pb, Cd, Mn, and Cu were significantly lower (P < 0.001) in group 2 compared to group 1. Fe levels were similar for the two groups (P = 0.94). These results suggest that 3-day exposure to levosimendan induced a significant decrease in tissue MDA level, which is a lipid peroxidation product and an indicator of oxidative stress, and a significant increase in the activity of an important number of the enzymes that protect against oxidative stress in rat testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Yuksel
- Urology Clinic, The State Hospital of Mus, Mus, Turkey
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Govindan E, Ganesh G, Srinivasan J, Bakthadoss M, Subbiahpandi A. (E)-Methyl 2-({2-eth-oxy-6-[(E)-(hy-droxy-imino)-meth-yl]phen-oxy}meth-yl)-3-phenyl-acrylate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2012; 68:o1373. [PMID: 22590266 PMCID: PMC3344504 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536812014596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C20H21NO5, the dihedral angle between the mean planes through the two rings is 47.1 (8)°. The enoate group assumes an extended conformation. The hydroxyethanimine group is essentially coplanar with the benzene ring, the largest deviation from the mean plane being 0.061 (1) Å for the O atom. In the crystal, molecules are linked into cyclic centrosymmetric dimers with an R22(6) motif via pairs of O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds. Intermolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds form a C(8) chain along the b axis. The crystal packing is further stabilized by C—H⋯π interactions.
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Suresh G, Sabari V, Srinivasan J, Mannickam B, Aravindhan S. (E)-2-({2-[(E)-(Hy-droxy-imino)-meth-yl]phen-oxy}meth-yl)-3-p-tolyl-acrylonitrile. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2012; 68:o570. [PMID: 22412487 PMCID: PMC3297297 DOI: 10.1107/s160053681200270x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C(18)H(16)N(2)O(2), the hy-droxy-ethanimine group is essentially coplanar with the ring to which it is attached (C-C-N-O torsion angle = -176.9°). Mol-ecules are linked into cyclic centrosymmetric R(2) (2)(6) dimers via O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Suresh
- Department of Physics, Presidency College, Chennai 600 005, India
| | - V. Sabari
- Department of Physics, Presidency College, Chennai 600 005, India
| | - J. Srinivasan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Madras, Chennai 600 025, India
| | | | - S. Aravindhan
- Department of Physics, Presidency College, Chennai 600 005, India
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Ye Z, Hong CO, Lee K, Hostetter J, Wannemuehler M, Hendrich S. Plasma caffeic acid is associated with statistical clustering of the anticolitic efficacy of caffeic acid in dextran sulfate sodium-treated mice. J Nutr 2011; 141:1989-95. [PMID: 21918060 DOI: 10.3945/jn.111.142208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that interindividual variability in the bioavailability of caffeic acid (CA) would influence its anticolitic efficacy and that mice may be appropriate for modeling human gut microbial metabolism of CA, which is thought to influence CA bioavailability. Anaerobic human fecal and mouse cecal sample mixtures were incubated with CA derivatives from Echinacea purpurea and compound disappearance rates were measured, which were similar in both sample types. CA metabolism, including formation of its main metabolite, m-hydroxyphenylpropionate, in the mouse cecum may usefully model human gut metabolism of this compound. Ten-week-old CD-1/IGS female mice were fed 120 mg CA/kg (n = 36) or control diet for 7 d (n = 12); one-half of each group then drank 1.25% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in water for 5 d. DSS-treated mice fed CA showed lessened colitic damage than did mice given DSS alone, with longer colons, greater body weight, and colonic Cyp4b1 expression. Cluster analysis of the cecal histopathological score showed that mice with severe cecal damage (mean cecal score = 8.5; n = 11) also had greater myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and lower plasma CA compared with mice showing mild cecal damage (mean cecal score = 4.5; n = 4) (P < 0.05). Cecal score was positively correlated with colonic MPO activity (r = 0.72; P < 0.05) and negatively correlated with plasma CA (r = -0.57; P < 0.05). These studies indicated that the anticolitic efficacy of CA was related to variability in CA bioavailability, which may be influenced by gut microbial metabolism of this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Ye
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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Sakthimurugesan K, Govindan E, Srinivasan J, Bakthadoss M, Subbiahpandi A. (E)-Methyl 3-(4-chloro-phen-yl)-2-{2-[(E)-(hy-droxy-imino)-meth-yl]phen-oxy-meth-yl}acrylate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2011; 67:o2754. [PMID: 22064839 PMCID: PMC3201559 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536811038372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C18H16ClNO4, the dihedral angle between the mean planes through the aromatic rings is 83.8 (8)°. The hydroxyethanimine group is essentially coplanar with the ring to which it is attached [O—N—C—C torsion angle = −177.96 (13)°]. The molecules are linked into centrosymmetric R22(6) dimers via O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds. The crystal packing is further stabilized by C—H⋯O interactions.
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Taşkara E, Gör A, Kutlu O, Karagüzel E, Cobanoğlu U, Topbaş M, Senel AC. Does propofol prevent testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury due to torsion in the long term? Pediatr Surg Int 2011; 27:1003-7. [PMID: 21626015 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-011-2895-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our aim was to investigate the long-term preventive effect of propofol on testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat model. METHODS Twenty-four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6 for each group), control, sham-operated, torsion/detorsion (T/D) and T/D + propofol. Testicular ischemia was achieved by twisting the left testis 720° clockwise for 2 h. Half an hour before detorsion, 50 mg/kg propofol was given intraperitoneally to the T/D + propofol group. Ipsilateral orchiectomies to determine mean testicular weights and histopathological examination according to Johnsen's mean testicular biopsy score criteria were performed 30 days after surgical procedure in all groups. RESULTS Mean testicular weights were 1.57 ± 0.12 g in group I, 1.59 ± 0.36 g in group II, 0.84 ± 0.20 g in group III and 0.87 ± 0.29 g in group IV. Mean testicular weights decreased significantly in the T/D groups, but no improvement in testicular weight was observed with propofol administration (p 0.9372). Similarly, the Johnsen's mean testicular biopsy scores of the T/D groups were lower than those of the control and sham-operated groups, but no positive effect was determined with the administration of propofol in the T/D groups (p 0.1797). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that there is no apparent long-term therapeutic potential attendant on using propofol in the treatment of testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury caused by testis torsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ersoy Taşkara
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Aitken RJ, Roman SD. Antioxidant systems and oxidative stress in the testes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2011; 1:15-24. [PMID: 19794904 PMCID: PMC2715191 DOI: 10.4161/oxim.1.1.6843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 466] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R John Aitken
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology and Development, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
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Wang L, Meng FY, Lin CW, Chen HY, Luo X. (E)-Methyl 3-(3,4-dihy-droxy-phen-yl)acrylate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2011; 67:o354. [PMID: 21523034 PMCID: PMC3051619 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536810054504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The benzene ring in the title compound, C10H10O4, makes an angle of 4.4 (1)° with the C—C—C—O linker. The hydroxy groups are involved in both intra- and intermolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The crystal packing is stabilized by O—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding interactions. The molecules of the caffeic acid ester form a dimeric structure in a head-to-head manner along the a axis through O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The dimers interact with one another through O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming supermolecular chains. These chains are further extended through C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds as well as van der Waals interactions into the final three-dimensional architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
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Motawi TK, Darwish HA, Abd El Tawab AM. Effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on endotoxin-induced cardiac stress in rats: a possible mechanism of protection. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2010; 25:84-94. [PMID: 21472898 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.20362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2009] [Revised: 03/12/2010] [Accepted: 04/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides; LPS) are known to cause multiple organ failure, including myocardial dysfunction. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) protection against LPS-induced cardiac stress. Rats were allocated into three groups; group 1 served as a normal control group, group 2 (LPS) received a single intraperitoneal injection of LPS (10 mg/kg), group 3 (LPS + CAPE) was injected intraperitoneally with CAPE (10 mg/kg/day; solubilized in saline containing 20% tween 20) throughout a period of 10 days prior to LPS injection. Rats were maintained 4 h before sacrifice. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester pretreatment normalized LPS-enhanced activities of serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as well as glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in cardiac tissue. A significant reduction of the elevated levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) as well as serum and cardiac nitrite/nitrate (NOx) ) was achieved after CAPE pretreatment. CAPE also restored malondialdelyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), and cytosolic calcium (Ca2+ ) levels in the heart. A marked induction of cardiac heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein level was detected in CAPE-pretreated group. Whereas, LPS-induced reduction of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and phosphocreatine (PCr) levels was insignificantly changed. Conclusively, the early treatment with CAPE maintained antioxidant defences, reduced oxidative injury, cytokine damage, and inflammation but did not markedly improve energy status in cardiac tissue. The beneficial effect of CAPE might be mediated, at least in part, by the superinduction of HO-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek K Motawi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo1 1562, Egypt
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Ye Z, Liu Z, Henderson A, Lee K, Hostetter J, Wannemuehler M, Hendrich S. Increased CYP4B1 mRNA is associated with the inhibition of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by caffeic acid in mice. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2009; 234:605-16. [PMID: 19307459 DOI: 10.3181/0901-rm-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Susceptibility to inflammatory bowel diseases depends upon interactions between the genetics of the individual and induction of chronic mucosal inflammation. We hypothesized that administration of dietary phenolics, caffeic acid and rutin, would suppress upregulation of inflammatory markers and intestinal damage in a mouse model of colitis. Colitis was induced in C3H/ HeOuJ mice (8 weeks old, 6 male/6 female per treatment) with 1.25% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for 6 d in their drinking water. Rutin (1.0 mmol (524 mg)/kg in diet), caffeic acid (1.0 mmol (179 mg)/kg in diet), and hypoxoside extract (15 mg/d, an anticolitic phenolic control) were fed to the mice for 7 d before and during DSS treatment, as well as without DSS treatment. Body weight loss was prevented by rutin and caffeic acid during DSS treatment. Colon lengths in mice fed caffeic acid and hypoxoside during DSS treatment were similar to DSS-negative control. Food intake was improved and myeloperoxidase (MPO) was decreased with each phenolic treatment in DSS-treated mice compared with DSS treatment alone. Colonic mRNA expression of IL-17 and iNOS were inhibited when IL-4 was increased by each phenolic treatment combined with DSS, whereas CYP4B1 mRNA was increased only by caffeic acid in DSS-treated mice, compared with DSS treatment alone. Colonic and cecal histopathology scores of DSS-treated mice were significantly more severe (P < 0.01) than in mice fed caffeic acid before and during DSS treatment, based on mucosal height, necrosis, edema, erosion, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Although both rutin and caffeic acid suppressed the expression of selected inflammatory markers, only caffeic acid protected against DSS-induced colitis, in association with normalization of CYP4B1 expression. The inhibition of DSS-induced colitic pathology by caffeic acid was mediated by mechanisms in addition to anti-inflammatory effects that deserve further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Ye
- The Iowa State University, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, 224D MacKay, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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Antioxidant systems and oxidative stress in the testes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2009; 636:154-71. [PMID: 19856167 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-09597-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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