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Dhal A, Nayim S, Pattanayek S, Khatun M, Barman S, Paria S, Shit B, Kundu S, Jha PK, Hossain M. Evaluation of calf thymus DNA binding of newly synthesize five 9 O Imidazolyl alkyl berberine derivative: A comparative multi-spectroscopic and calorimetric study. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126958. [PMID: 37739293 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
DNA binding with small molecule plays an important role in the designing of various anticancer drugs with greater efficacy. The five 9-O-imidazolyl alkyl berberine derivatives (BI) of different chain length has been synthesized and fully characterized. The binding study of calf thymus DNA with these newly synthesized berberine derivative was performed using various biophysical techniques. The binding affinity of BI to calf thymus DNA increased with increasing the chain length. The binding constant value obtained from UV-Vis spectral analysis was 1.84x105for BI1, 2.01x105for BI2, 1.51 × 106 for BI3, 3.66 × 106 for BI4, 6.68 × 106. Partial intercalative binding with strong stabilization of the DNA helix was revealed from circular dichroism spectral study and viscosity measurement. From the ITC experiment it was revealed that the bindings of BI1, BI2, BI3, BI4 and BI5 to calf thymus DNA were favoured by a large positive favourable entropy and negative enthalpy change and the highest spontaneity found for BI5. With the increase in chain length the binding was driven by a stronger entropy term with a higher binding constant indicates involvement of hydrophobic force for all these interaction. High binding affinities of calf thymus DNA with berberine-imidazole derivatives might be helpful for new drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asima Dhal
- Department of Chemistry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore - 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Sk Nayim
- Department of Chemistry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore - 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Swadesh Pattanayek
- Department of Chemistry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore - 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Munira Khatun
- Department of Chemistry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore - 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhajit Barman
- Department of Chemistry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore - 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Samaresh Paria
- Department of Chemistry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore - 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Basudev Shit
- Department of Chemistry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore - 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Somenath Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore - 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Pradeep K Jha
- Research and Development, Ghaziabad, ACE Green Recycling Inc, Singapore
| | - Maidul Hossain
- Department of Chemistry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore - 721102, West Bengal, India.
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Fu L, Mou J, Deng Y, Ren X. Structural modifications of berberine and their binding effects towards polymorphic deoxyribonucleic acid structures: A review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:940282. [PMID: 36016553 PMCID: PMC9395745 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.940282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine (BBR) is a plant derived quaternary benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, which has been widely used in traditional medicines for a long term. It possesses broad pharmacological effects and is widely applied in clinical. In recent years, the anti-tumor effects of BBR have attracted more and more attention of the researchers. The canonical right-handed double-stranded helical deoxyribonucleic acid (B-DNA) and its polymorphs occur under various environmental conditions and are involved in a plethora of genetic instability-related diseases especially tumor. BBR showed differential binding effects towards various polymorphic DNA structures. But its poor lipophilicity and fast metabolism limited its clinical utility. Structural modification of BBR is an effective approach to improve its DNA binding activity and bioavailability in vivo. A large number of studies dedicated to improving the binding affinities of BBR towards different DNA structures have been carried out and achieved tremendous advancements. In this article, the main achievements of BBR derivatives in polymorphic DNA structures binding researches in recent 20 years were reviewed. The structural modification strategy of BBR, the DNA binding effects of its derivatives, and the structure activity relationship (SAR) analysis have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiajia Mou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Xiaoliang Ren
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Chan M, Qin Z, Man SC, Lam M, Lai WH, Ng RMK, Lee CK, Wong TL, Lee EHM, Wong HK, Feng Y, Liu L, Han F, Chen EYH, Zhang ZJ. Adjunctive berberine reduces antipsychotic-associated weight gain and metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia: a randomized controlled trial. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 76:77-85. [PMID: 34931749 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of berberine as an adjuvant in treating antipsychotic-associated weight gain and metabolic syndrome. METHODS One hundred thirteen participants with schizophrenia spectrum disorders who had developed metabolic syndrome were recruited. They were randomly assigned to berberine (600 mg/d, n = 58) or placebo (n = 55) groups for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the change from baseline to week 12 in net weight. Secondary outcomes included body mass index, waist circumference, serum glucose and lipid profiles, and the severity of psychotic symptoms. RESULTS Compared with the placebo group, the berberine group showed a significantly greater reduction in weight gain at 9 weeks (mean difference [MD], -0.75; 95% CI, -1.42 to -0.07 [P = 0.031, d = 0.41]) and 12 weeks (MD, -1.08; 95% CI, -1.76 to -0.40 [P = 0.002, d = 0.59]). Patients who received berberine also showed statistically significant improvements in end point in body mass index (MD, -0.41; 95% CI, -0.65 to -0.17 [P = 0.001, d = 0.64]), total cholesterol (MD, -0.58; 95% CI, -0.74 to -0.41 [P < 0.001, d = 1.31]), low-density lipoprotein (MD, -0.52; 95% CI, -0.68 to -0.35 [P < 0.001, d = 1.19]), and glycated hemoglobin (MD, -0.09; 95% CI, -0.18 to 0 [P = 0.05, d = 0.37]). Berberine was well tolerated without serious adverse events and aggravation of psychotic symptoms compared with placebo. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that berberine is effective in attenuating antipsychotic-associated weight gain and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- MeiYan Chan
- LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zongshi Qin
- LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sui-Cheung Man
- LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ming Lam
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing Him Lai
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Che Kin Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Kowloon Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tak Luen Wong
- LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Edwin Ho Ming Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hei Kiu Wong
- LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yibin Feng
- LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lanying Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Schizophrenia, Shenyang Jing'an Mental Health Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Eric Yu Hai Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhang-Jin Zhang
- LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Berberine, a Herbal Metabolite in the Metabolic Syndrome: The Risk Factors, Course, and Consequences of the Disease. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041351. [PMID: 35209140 PMCID: PMC8874997 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the health of patients exposed to the consequences of the metabolic syndrome still requires the search for new solutions, and plant nutraceuticals are currently being intensively investigated. Berberine is a plant alkaloid possessing scientifically determined mechanisms of the prevention of the development of atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, and obesity, as well as cardiovascular complications and cancer. It positively contributes to elevated levels of fasting, postprandial blood glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin, while decreasing insulin resistance. It stimulates glycolysis, improving insulin secretion, and inhibits gluconeogenesis and adipogenesis in the liver; by reducing insulin resistance, berberine also improves ovulation. The anti-obesity action of berberine has been also well-documented. Berberine acts as an anti-sclerotic, lowering the LDL and testosterone levels. The alkaloid exhibits an anti-inflammatory property by stalling the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E2. Berberine is neuroprotective and acts as an antidepressive. However, the outcomes in psychiatric patients are nonspecific, as it has been shown that berberine improves metabolic parameters in schizophrenic patients, acting as an adjuvant during antipsychotic treatment. Berberine acts as an anticancer option by inducing apoptosis, the cell cycle arrest, influencing MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase), and influencing transcription regulation. The inhibition of carcinogenesis is also combined with lipid metabolism.
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Yang Z, Zhao L, Wang X, He Z, Wang Y. Ratiometric Delivery of Mitoxantrone and Berberine Co-encapsulated Liposomes to Improve Antitumor Efficiency and Decrease Cardiac Toxicity. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:46. [PMID: 33442785 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01910-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination therapy is one of the most common clinical practices in the treatment of malignancies. Synergistic effects, however, are produced only when optimal ratios of combined drugs were delivered to tumor cells. Thus, carriers co-encapsulating of multiple drugs are widely utilized for coordinated delivery. Herein, co-encapsulated pegylated liposomal formulation of mitoxantrone (MIT) and berberine (BER) at an optimal ratio has been developed (MBL) with high encapsulation efficiency (EE) and drug loading in order to achieve the purpose of ratiometric loading and delivery. MBL can not only extend blood circulation but also enhance tumor accumulation for both MIT and BER. More importantly, MBL can maintain the originally desired drug ratio in tumors within 48 h of intravenous injection for synergistic therapy. Compared with the liposomal formulation of MIT-treated group (ML), the progression of tumor growth was inhibited significantly in murine 4T1 breast tumor model after the treatment of MBL, as well as a lower cardiac toxicity. In addition, MBL evidently prolonged the survival of mice with L1210 ascitic tumor model. In summary, such a strategy of co-encapsulated liposomes could improve the clinical applications against multiple cancers.
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Yang H, Shang X, Zhong G, Hong L, Li Z, Zhuang W, Cheng J. Berberine protects human and rat cardiomyocytes from hypoxia/reoxygenation-triggered apoptosis. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:659-671. [PMID: 33594316 PMCID: PMC7868847 DOI: pmid/33594316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Berberine (BBR) confers potential cardioprotective effects. However, the relevant mechanisms underlying its regulation of cardiomyocyte survival following hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) treatment remain unknown. The present study investigated whether BBR could protect H/R by suppressing apoptosis and explored how TGF-β/Smad4 signaling pathway influenced H/R in vitro. Two cardiomyocyte cell lines-AC16 and H9c2- were treated with H/R and BBR. The survival and apoptosis of these two cell lines were assessed using the MTT and BrdU assays and western blotting (WB) and flow cytometry. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and caspase (Cas)-3, Cas-8, and Cas-9 activation were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as well as WB. Compared to the control group, H/R resulted in notable cell apoptosis, whereas BBR treatment evidently counteracted the process. BBR also markedly suppressed H/R-triggered excessive mitochondrial ROS generation and inhibited Smad4 expression. Overexpressing Smad4 in BBR-treated H/R-exposed cardiomyocytes reversed the effect of BBR treatment on apoptosis. Therefore, BBR protects H/R-treated cardiomyocytes from apoptosis by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad4 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College & Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology & Laboratory of Molecular ImagingShantou 515041, China
| | - Xu Shang
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong KongShantou 515041, China
| | - Guoqing Zhong
- Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515041, China
| | - Liangli Hong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515041, China
| | - Zhi Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515041, China
| | - Wanling Zhuang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515041, China
| | - Jidong Cheng
- School Medical, Xiamen UniversityShantou 515041, China
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Song D, Hao J, Fan D. Biological properties and clinical applications of berberine. Front Med 2020; 14:564-582. [DOI: 10.1007/s11684-019-0724-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Wang J, Wang L, Lou GH, Zeng HR, Hu J, Huang QW, Peng W, Yang XB. Coptidis Rhizoma: a comprehensive review of its traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2019; 57:193-225. [PMID: 30963783 PMCID: PMC6461078 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2019.1577466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Coptidis rhizome (CR), also known as Huanglian in Chinese, is the rhizome of Coptis chinensis Franch., C. deltoidea C.Y. Cheng et Hsiao, or C. teeta Wall (Ranunculaceae). It has been widely used to treat bacillary dysentery, diabetes, pertussis, sore throat, aphtha, and eczema in China. OBJECTIVES The present paper reviews the latest advances of CR, focusing on the botany, phytochemistry, traditional usages, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology and toxicology of CR and its future perspectives. METHODS Studies from 1985 to 2018 were reviewed from books; PhD. and MSc. dissertations; the state and local drug standards; PubMed; CNKI; Scopus; the Web of Science; and Google Scholar using the keywords Coptis, Coptidis Rhizoma, Huanglian, and goldthread. RESULTS Currently, 128 chemical constituents have been isolated and identified from CR. Alkaloids are the characteristic components, together with organic acids, coumarins, phenylpropanoids and quinones. The extracts/compounds isolated from CR cover a wide pharmacological spectrum, including antibacterial, antivirus, antifungal, antidiabetic, anticancer and cardioprotective effects. Berberine is the most important active constituent and the primary toxic component of CR. CONCLUSIONS As an important herbal medicine in Chinese medicine, CR has the potential to treat various diseases. However, further research should be undertaken to investigate the clinical effects, toxic constituents, target organs and pharmacokinetics, and to establish criteria for quality control, for CR and its related medications. In addition, the active constituents, other than alkaloids, in both raw and processed products of CR should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Guan-Hua Lou
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai-Rong Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ju Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin-Wan Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang-Bo Yang
- Ya'an Xun Kang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Ya'an, China
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Li YY, Zhao YH. Efficacy and Mechanisms of Chinese Medicine on the Modulation of Myocardial Autophagy in Cardiovascular Disease. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2017; 45:917-932. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x17500495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy refers to the process in which the cellular lysosome degrades the cell’s own damaged organelles and related macromolecule substances. It plays important roles in the homeostasis of organs, cell survival, and stable development. Previous studies indicate that the process of cardiopathology is closely associated with autophagy and some of Chinese medicines (active compounds and formulae) are found to have beneficial effects on injured cardiomyocytes via the modulation of autophagy. This review highlights the efficacy of the action of Chinese medicine on the regulation of myocardial autophagy and summarizes the related molecular and signal mechanisms. Our study discovers that some active compounds and formulae of Chinese medicines react on the specific targets of autophagy in related signal pathways to exert protective effects in the processes of ischemia and reperfusion, as well as, in other cardiopathological models. Parts of these compounds even have the characteristics of multiple targets in autophagic signal pathways and dual-directional regulated actions on autophagy, suggesting that Chinese medicines, which possess the ability to modulate autophagy, might improve effective cardio protection in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, Macao SAR, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Hua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, Macao SAR, P. R. China
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Berberine protects rat heart from ischemia/reperfusion injury via activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling and attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2016; 37:354-67. [PMID: 26806299 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2015.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Berberine (BBR), an isoquinoline-derived alkaloid isolated from Rhizoma coptidis, exerts cardioprotective effects. Because endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a pivotal role in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R)-induced apoptosis, it was interesting to examine whether the protective effects of BBR resulted from modulating ER stress levels during MI/R injury, and to define the signaling mechanisms in this process. METHODS Male rats were treated with BBR (200 mg · kg(-1) · d(-1), ig) for 2 weeks, and then subjected to MI/R surgery. Cardiac dimensions and function were assessed using echocardiography. Myocardial infarct size and apoptosis was examined. Total serum LDH levels and CK activities, superoxide production, MDA levels and the antioxidant SOD activities in heart tissue were determined. An in vitro study was performed on cultured rat embryonic myocardium-derived cells H9C2 exposed to simulated ischemia/reperfusion (SIR). The expression of apoptotic, ER stress-related and signaling proteins were assessed using Western blot analyses. RESULTS Pretreatment with BBR significantly reduced MI/R-induced myocardial infarct size, improved cardiac function, and suppressed myocardial apoptosis and oxidative damage. Furthermore, pretreatment with BBR suppressed MI/R-induced ER stress, evidenced by down-regulating the phosphorylation levels of myocardial PERK and eIF2α and the expression of ATF4 and CHOP in heart tissues. Pretreatment with BBR also activated the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in heart tissues, and co-treatment with AG490, a specific JAK2/STAT3 inhibitor, blocked not only the protective effects of BBR, but also the inhibition of BBR on MI/R-induced ER stress. In H9C2 cells, treatment with BBR (50 μmol/L) markedly reduced SIR-induced cell apoptosis, oxidative stress and ER stress, which were abolished by transfection with JAK2 siRNA. CONCLUSION BBR ameliorates MI/R injury in rats by activating the AK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and attenuating ER stress-induced apoptosis.
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Catestatin attenuates endoplasmic reticulum induced cell apoptosis by activation type 2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16590. [PMID: 26567709 PMCID: PMC4645123 DOI: 10.1038/srep16590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Catestatin (CST) is a catecholamine secretion inhibiting peptide as non-competitive inhibitor of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. CST play a protective role in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) but the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Cardiomyocytes endogenously produced CST and its expression was reduced after I/R. CST pretreatment decreased apoptosis especially endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response during I/R. The protection of CST was confirmed in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts under Anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R). In contrast, siRNA-mediated knockdown of CST exaggerated ER stress induced apoptosis. The protective effects of CST were blocked by extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) inhibitor PD90895 and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3 K) inhibitor wortmannin. CST also increased ERK1/2 and protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation and which was blocked by atropine and selective type 2 muscarinic acetylcholine (M2) receptor, but not type 1 muscarinic acetylcholine (M1) receptor antagonist. Receptor binding assay revealed that CST competitively bound to the M2 receptor with a 50% inhibitory concentration of 25.7 nM. Accordingly, CST inhibited cellular cAMP stimulated by isoproterenol or forskolin, and which was blocked by selective M2 receptor antagonist. Our findings revealed that CST binds to M2 receptor, then activates ERK1/2 and PI3 K/Akt pathway to inhibit ER stress-induced cell apoptosis resulting in attenuation cardiac I/R injury.
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Zhang J, Cao H, Zhang B, Cao H, Xu X, Ruan H, Yi T, Tan L, Qu R, Song G, Wang B, Hu T. Berberine potently attenuates intestinal polyps growth in ApcMin mice and familial adenomatous polyposis patients through inhibition of Wnt signalling. J Cell Mol Med 2013; 17:1484-93. [PMID: 24015932 PMCID: PMC4117561 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As a traditional anti-inflammatory Chinese herbal medicine, Alkaloid berberine has been recently reported to exhibit anti-tumour effects against a wide spectrum of cancer. However, the mechanism was largely unknown. Gene chip array reveals that with berberine treatment, c-Myc, the target gene of Wnt pathway, was down-regulated 5.3-folds, indicating that berberine might inhibit Wnt signalling. TOPflash analysis revealed that Wnt activity was significantly reduced after berberine treatment, and the mechanism of which might be that berberine disrupted β-catenin transfer to nucleus through up-regulating the expression of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene and stabilized APC-β-catenin complex. Berberine administration in ApcMin/+ mice exhibited fewer and smaller polyps in intestine, along with reduction in cyclin D1 and c-Myc expression. In clinical practice, oral administration of berberine also significantly reduced the familial adenomatous polyposis patients' polyp size along with the inhibition of cyclin D1 expression in polyp samples. These observations indicate that berberine inhibits colon tumour formation through inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signalling and berberine might be a promising drug for the prevention of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfang Zhang
- Cancer Research Center, Xiamen University Medical College, Xiamen, China; School of life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Cannillo M, Frea S, Fornengo C, Toso E, Mercurio G, Battista S, Gaita F. Berberine behind the thriller of marked symptomatic bradycardia. World J Cardiol 2013; 5:261-264. [PMID: 23888197 PMCID: PMC3722425 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v5.i7.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic aortic dissections are at high risk of catheter-induced complications. We report a Berberine is used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of congestive heart failure, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia and has a good safety profile. We report a case of a 53-year-old sportsman referred to our hospital for the onset of fatigue and dyspnoea upon exertion after he started berberine to treat hypercholesterolaemia. An electrocardiogram showed sinus bradycardia (45 bpm), first-degree atrioventricular block, and competitive junctional rhythm. An ergometric stress test showed slightly reduced chronotropic competence and the presence of runs of competitive junctional rhythm, atrial tachycardia, and sinus pauses in the recovery. After 10 d of wash-out from berberine, the patient experienced a complete resolution of symptoms, and an ergometric stress test showed good chronotropic competence. An electrocardiogram Holter showed a latent hypervagotonic state. This is the first case report that shows that berberine could present certain side effects in hypervagotonic people, even in the absence of a situation that could cause drug accumulation. Therefore, berberine’s use should be carefully weighed in hypervagotonic people due to the drug’s bradycardic and antiarrhythmic properties, which could became proarrhythmic, exposing patients to potential health risks.
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Abstract
This paper is the thirty-fourth consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2011 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior (Section 2), and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia (Section 3); stress and social status (Section 4); tolerance and dependence (Section 5); learning and memory (Section 6); eating and drinking (Section 7); alcohol and drugs of abuse (Section 8); sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (Section 9); mental illness and mood (Section 10); seizures and neurologic disorders (Section 11); electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (Section 12); general activity and locomotion (Section 13); gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (Section 14); cardiovascular responses (Section 15); respiration (Section 16); and immunological responses (Section 17).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367, United States.
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Tong N, Zhang J, Chen Y, Li Z, Luo Y, Zuo H, Zhao X. Berberine sensitizes mutliple human cancer cells to the anticancer effects of doxorubicin in vitro. Oncol Lett 2012; 3:1263-1267. [PMID: 22783430 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2012.644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical use of doxorubicin (DOX), a potent antineoplastic agent, is limited by its serious side-effects, which include acute and chronic cumulative dose-related cardiotoxicity. Berberine (BER), a botanical alkaloid, has been reported to possess cardioprotective and antitumor effects. The 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to detect the cell viability of A549, HeLa and HepG2 cells after each cell line was treated with DOX, BER or a combination of DOX and BER for 24 h. Apoptosis was evaluated by acridine orange staining. The results showed that BER and DOX exhibited dose-dependent inhibitory effects on A549 and HeLa cells which were likely mediated by inducing apoptosis. The same result was found in the combination group. Isobologram illustration and combination index (CI) analyses revealed that the combination of DOX and BER generates synergistic effects in A549 (CI=0.61) and HeLa (CI=0.73) cells. These findings indicate that BER sensitizes cells to the anticancer effects of DOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Tong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716
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