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Amador-Martínez I, Aparicio-Trejo OE, Bernabe-Yepes B, Aranda-Rivera AK, Cruz-Gregorio A, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Tapia E. Mitochondrial Impairment: A Link for Inflammatory Responses Activation in the Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 4. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15875. [PMID: 37958859 PMCID: PMC10650149 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiorenal syndrome type 4 (CRS type 4) occurs when chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to cardiovascular damage, resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates. Mitochondria, vital organelles responsible for essential cellular functions, can become dysfunctional in CKD. This dysfunction can trigger inflammatory responses in distant organs by releasing Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). These DAMPs are recognized by immune receptors within cells, including Toll-like receptors (TLR) like TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9, the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, and the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-adenosine monophosphate (AMP) synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway. Activation of these immune receptors leads to the increased expression of cytokines and chemokines. Excessive chemokine stimulation results in the recruitment of inflammatory cells into tissues, causing chronic damage. Experimental studies have demonstrated that chemokines are upregulated in the heart during CKD, contributing to CRS type 4. Conversely, chemokine inhibitors have been shown to reduce chronic inflammation and prevent cardiorenal impairment. However, the molecular connection between mitochondrial DAMPs and inflammatory pathways responsible for chemokine overactivation in CRS type 4 has not been explored. In this review, we delve into mechanistic insights and discuss how various mitochondrial DAMPs released by the kidney during CKD can activate TLRs, NLRP3, and cGAS-STING immune pathways in the heart. This activation leads to the upregulation of chemokines, ultimately culminating in the establishment of CRS type 4. Furthermore, we propose using chemokine inhibitors as potential strategies for preventing CRS type 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Amador-Martínez
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (I.A.-M.); (A.K.A.-R.)
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (O.E.A.-T.); (L.G.S.-L.)
| | - Omar Emiliano Aparicio-Trejo
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (O.E.A.-T.); (L.G.S.-L.)
| | - Bismarck Bernabe-Yepes
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Ana Karina Aranda-Rivera
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (I.A.-M.); (A.K.A.-R.)
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Alfredo Cruz-Gregorio
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Laura Gabriela Sánchez-Lozada
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (O.E.A.-T.); (L.G.S.-L.)
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Edilia Tapia
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (O.E.A.-T.); (L.G.S.-L.)
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Cuevas-López B, Romero-Ramirez EI, García-Arroyo FE, Tapia E, León-Contreras JC, Silva-Palacios A, Roldán FJ, Campos ONM, Hernandez-Esquivel L, Marín-Hernández A, Gonzaga-Sánchez JG, Hernández-Pando R, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Aparicio-Trejo OE. NAC Pre-Administration Prevents Cardiac Mitochondrial Bioenergetics, Dynamics, Biogenesis, and Redox Alteration in Folic Acid-AKI-Induced Cardio-Renal Syndrome Type 3. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1592. [PMID: 37627587 PMCID: PMC10451243 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of kidney disease is increasing worldwide. Acute kidney injury (AKI) can strongly favor cardio-renal syndrome (CRS) type 3 development. However, the mechanism involved in CRS development is not entirely understood. In this sense, mitochondrial impairment in both organs has become a central axis in CRS physiopathology. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms associated with cardiac mitochondrial impairment and its role in CRS development in the folic acid-induced AKI (FA-AKI) model. Our results showed that 48 h after FA-AKI, the administration of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), a mitochondrial glutathione regulator, prevented the early increase in inflammatory and cell death markers and oxidative stress in the heart. This was associated with the ability of NAC to protect heart mitochondrial bioenergetics, principally oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and membrane potential, through complex I activity and the preservation of glutathione balance, thus preventing mitochondrial dynamics shifting to fission and the decreases in mitochondrial biogenesis and mass. Our data show, for the first time, that mitochondrial bioenergetics impairment plays a critical role in the mechanism that leads to heart damage. Furthermore, NAC heart mitochondrial preservation during an AKI event can be a valuable strategy to prevent CRS type 3 development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Cuevas-López
- Department of Cardio-Renal Physiology, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (B.C.-L.); (E.I.R.-R.); (F.E.G.-A.); (E.T.); (J.G.G.-S.); (L.G.S.-L.)
| | - Edgar Ignacio Romero-Ramirez
- Department of Cardio-Renal Physiology, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (B.C.-L.); (E.I.R.-R.); (F.E.G.-A.); (E.T.); (J.G.G.-S.); (L.G.S.-L.)
| | - Fernando E. García-Arroyo
- Department of Cardio-Renal Physiology, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (B.C.-L.); (E.I.R.-R.); (F.E.G.-A.); (E.T.); (J.G.G.-S.); (L.G.S.-L.)
| | - Edilia Tapia
- Department of Cardio-Renal Physiology, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (B.C.-L.); (E.I.R.-R.); (F.E.G.-A.); (E.T.); (J.G.G.-S.); (L.G.S.-L.)
| | - Juan Carlos León-Contreras
- Experimental Pathology Section, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City 14000, Mexico; (J.C.L.-C.); (R.H.-P.)
| | - Alejandro Silva-Palacios
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Francisco-Javier Roldán
- Outpatient Department, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Omar Noel Medina Campos
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (O.N.M.C.); (J.P.-C.)
| | - Luz Hernandez-Esquivel
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (L.H.-E.); (A.M.-H.)
| | - Alvaro Marín-Hernández
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (L.H.-E.); (A.M.-H.)
| | - José Guillermo Gonzaga-Sánchez
- Department of Cardio-Renal Physiology, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (B.C.-L.); (E.I.R.-R.); (F.E.G.-A.); (E.T.); (J.G.G.-S.); (L.G.S.-L.)
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- Experimental Pathology Section, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City 14000, Mexico; (J.C.L.-C.); (R.H.-P.)
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (O.N.M.C.); (J.P.-C.)
| | - Laura Gabriela Sánchez-Lozada
- Department of Cardio-Renal Physiology, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (B.C.-L.); (E.I.R.-R.); (F.E.G.-A.); (E.T.); (J.G.G.-S.); (L.G.S.-L.)
| | - Omar Emiliano Aparicio-Trejo
- Department of Cardio-Renal Physiology, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (B.C.-L.); (E.I.R.-R.); (F.E.G.-A.); (E.T.); (J.G.G.-S.); (L.G.S.-L.)
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Sadri S, Zhang X, Audi SH, Cowley Jr. AW, Dash RK. Computational Modeling of Substrate-Dependent Mitochondrial Respiration and Bioenergetics in the Heart and Kidney Cortex and Outer Medulla. FUNCTION 2023; 4:zqad038. [PMID: 37575476 PMCID: PMC10413947 DOI: 10.1093/function/zqad038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrated computational modeling provides a mechanistic and quantitative framework to characterize alterations in mitochondrial respiration and bioenergetics in response to different metabolic substrates in-silico. These alterations play critical roles in the pathogenesis of diseases affecting metabolically active organs such as heart and kidney. Therefore, the present study aimed to develop and validate thermodynamically constrained integrated computational models of mitochondrial respiration and bioenergetics in the heart and kidney cortex and outer medulla (OM). The models incorporated the kinetics of major biochemical reactions and transport processes as well as regulatory mechanisms in the mitochondria of these tissues. Intrinsic model parameters such as Michaelis-Menten constants were fixed at previously estimated values, while extrinsic model parameters such as maximal reaction and transport velocities were estimated separately for each tissue. This was achieved by fitting the model solutions to our recently published respirometry data measured in isolated rat heart and kidney cortex and OM mitochondria utilizing various NADH- and FADH2-linked metabolic substrates. The models were validated by predicting additional respirometry and bioenergetics data, which were not used for estimating the extrinsic model parameters. The models were able to predict tissue-specific and substrate-dependent mitochondrial emergent metabolic system properties such as redox states, enzyme and transporter fluxes, metabolite concentrations, membrane potential, and respiratory control index under diverse physiological and pathological conditions. The models were also able to quantitatively characterize differential regulations of NADH- and FADH2-linked metabolic pathways, which contribute differently toward regulations of oxidative phosphorylation and ATP synthesis in the heart and kidney cortex and OM mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Sadri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Said H Audi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53223, USA
| | - Allen W Cowley Jr.
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Ranjan K Dash
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53223, USA
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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Rayego-Mateos S, Basantes P, Morgado-Pascual JL, Brazal Prieto B, Suarez-Alvarez B, Ortiz A, Lopez-Larrea C, Ruiz-Ortega M. BET Protein Inhibitor JQ1 Modulates Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress Induced by Chronic Kidney Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051130. [PMID: 37237996 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the mechanisms involved in the progression of kidney disease, mitochondrial dysfunction has special relevance. Epigenetic drugs such as inhibitors of extra-terminal domain proteins (iBET) have shown beneficial effects in experimental kidney disease, mainly by inhibiting proliferative and inflammatory responses. The impact of iBET on mitochondrial damage was explored in in vitro studies in renal cells stimulated with TGF-β1 and in vivo in murine unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model of progressive kidney damage. In vitro, JQ1 pretreatment prevented the TGF-β1-induced downregulation of components of the oxidative phosphorylation chain (OXPHOS), such as cytochrome C and CV-ATP5a in human proximal tubular cells. In addition, JQ1 also prevented the altered mitochondrial dynamics by avoiding the increase in the DRP-1 fission factor. In UUO model, renal gene expression levels of cytochrome C and CV-ATP5a as well as protein levels of cytochrome C were reduced These changes were prevented by JQ1 administration. In addition, JQ1 decreased protein levels of the DRP1 fission protein and increased the OPA-1 fusion protein, restoring mitochondrial dynamics. Mitochondria also participate in the maintenance of redox balance. JQ1 restored the gene expression of antioxidant proteins, such as Catalase and Heme oxygenase 1 in TGF-β1-stimulated human proximal tubular cells and in murine obstructed kidneys. Indeed, in tubular cells, JQ1 decreased ROS production induced by stimulation with TGF-β1, as evaluated by MitoSOXTM. iBETs, such as JQ1, improve mitochondrial dynamics, functionality, and oxidative stress in kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pamela Basantes
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Morgado-Pascual
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Beatriz Brazal Prieto
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Suarez-Alvarez
- Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Translational Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Lopez-Larrea
- Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Translational Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Chen L, Li X, Deng Y, Chen J, Huang M, Zhu F, Gao Z, Wu L, Hong Q, Feng Z, Cai G, Sun X, Bai X, Chen X. The PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway mediates renal pericyte-myofibroblast transition by enhancing glycolysis through HKII. J Transl Med 2023; 21:323. [PMID: 37179292 PMCID: PMC10182641 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04167-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pericyte-myofibroblast transition (PMT) has been confirmed to contribute to renal fibrosis in several kidney diseases, and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a well-known cytokine that drives PMT. However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully established, and little is known about the associated metabolic changes. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis was used to identify transcriptomic changes during PMT. PDGFRβ + pericytes were isolated using MACS, and an in vitro model of PMT was induced by 5 ng/ml TGF-β1. Metabolites were analyzed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS). 2-Deoxyglucose (2-DG) was used to inhibit glycolysis via its actions on hexokinase (HK). The hexokinase II (HKII) plasmid was transfected into pericytes for HKII overexpression. LY294002 or rapamycin was used to inhibit the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway for mechanistic exploration. RESULTS An increase in carbon metabolism during PMT was detected through bioinformatics and metabolomics analysis. We first detected increased levels of glycolysis and HKII expression in pericytes after stimulation with TGF-β1 for 48 h, accompanied by increased expression of α-SMA, vimentin and desmin. Transdifferentiation was blunted when pericytes were pretreated with 2-DG, an inhibitor of glycolysis. The phosphorylation levels of PI3K, Akt and mTOR were elevated during PMT, and after inhibition of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway with LY294002 or rapamycin, glycolysis in the TGF-β1-treated pericytes was decreased. Moreover, PMT and HKII transcription and activity were blunted, but the plasmid-mediated overexpression of HKII rescued PMT inhibition. CONCLUSIONS The expression and activity of HKII as well as the level of glycolysis were increased during PMT. Moreover, the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway regulates PMT by increasing glycolysis through HKII regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangmei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaofan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yiyao Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou, China
| | - Jianwen Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Mengjie Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Fengge Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zhumei Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Lingling Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Quan Hong
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zhe Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Guangyan Cai
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xuefeng Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xueyuan Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Srivastava A, Tomar B, Sharma D, Rath SK. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress: Role in chronic kidney disease. Life Sci 2023; 319:121432. [PMID: 36706833 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a variety of distinct disease processes that permanently change the function and structure of the kidney across months or years. CKD is characterized as a glomerular filtration defect or proteinuria that lasts longer than three months. In most instances, CKD leads to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), necessitating kidney transplantation. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a typical response to damage in CKD patients. Despite the abundance of mitochondria in the kidneys, variations in mitochondrial morphological and functional characteristics have been associated with kidney inflammatory responses and injury during CKD. Despite these variations, CKD is frequently used to define some classic signs of mitochondrial dysfunction, including altered mitochondrial shape and remodeling, increased mitochondrial oxidative stress, and a marked decline in mitochondrial biogenesis and ATP generation. With a focus on the most significant developments and novel understandings of the involvement of mitochondrial remodeling in the course of CKD, this article offers a summary of the most recent advances in the sources of procured mitochondrial dysfunction in the advancement of CKD. Understanding mitochondrial biology and function is crucial for developing viable treatment options for CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Srivastava
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Bhawna Tomar
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Divyansh Sharma
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Srikanta Kumar Rath
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Nanodrugs alleviate acute kidney injury: Manipulate RONS at kidney. Bioact Mater 2023; 22:141-167. [PMID: 36203963 PMCID: PMC9526023 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there are no clinical drugs available to treat acute kidney injury (AKI). Given the high prevalence and high mortality rate of AKI, the development of drugs to effectively treat AKI is a huge unmet medical need and a research hotspot. Although existing evidence fully demonstrates that reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) burst at the AKI site is a major contributor to AKI progression, the heterogeneity, complexity, and unique physiological structure of the kidney make most antioxidant and anti-inflammatory small molecule drugs ineffective because of the lack of kidney targeting and side effects. Recently, nanodrugs with intrinsic kidney targeting through the control of size, shape, and surface properties have opened exciting prospects for the treatment of AKI. Many antioxidant nanodrugs have emerged to address the limitations of current AKI treatments. In this review, we systematically summarized for the first time about the emerging nanodrugs that exploit the pathological and physiological features of the kidney to overcome the limitations of traditional small-molecule drugs to achieve high AKI efficacy. First, we analyzed the pathological structural characteristics of AKI and the main pathological mechanism of AKI: hypoxia, harmful substance accumulation-induced RONS burst at the renal site despite the multifactorial initiation and heterogeneity of AKI. Subsequently, we introduced the strategies used to improve renal targeting and reviewed advances of nanodrugs for AKI: nano-RONS-sacrificial agents, antioxidant nanozymes, and nanocarriers for antioxidants and anti-inflammatory drugs. These nanodrugs have demonstrated excellent therapeutic effects, such as greatly reducing oxidative stress damage, restoring renal function, and low side effects. Finally, we discussed the challenges and future directions for translating nanodrugs into clinical AKI treatment. AKI is a common clinical acute syndrome with high morbidity and mortality but without effective clinical drug available. Hypoxia and accumulation of toxic substances are key pathological features of various heterogeneous AKI. Excessive RONS is the core of the pathological mechanism of AKI. The development of nanodrugs is expected to achieve successful treatment in AKI.
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Huang J, Liang Y, Zhou L. Natural products for kidney disease treatment: Focus on targeting mitochondrial dysfunction. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1142001. [PMID: 37007023 PMCID: PMC10050361 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1142001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The patients with kidney diseases are increasing rapidly all over the world. With the rich abundance of mitochondria, kidney is an organ with a high consumption of energy. Hence, renal failure is highly correlated with the breakup of mitochondrial homeostasis. However, the potential drugs targeting mitochondrial dysfunction are still in mystery. The natural products have the superiorities to explore the potential drugs regulating energy metabolism. However, their roles in targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in kidney diseases have not been extensively reviewed. Herein, we reviewed a series of natural products targeting mitochondrial oxidative stress, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, and mitochondrial dynamics. We found lots of them with great medicinal values in kidney disease. Our review provides a wide prospect for seeking the effective drugs targeting kidney diseases.
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The Development of Dyslipidemia in Chronic Kidney Disease and Associated Cardiovascular Damage, and the Protective Effects of Curcuminoids. Foods 2023; 12:foods12050921. [PMID: 36900438 PMCID: PMC10000737 DOI: 10.3390/foods12050921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a health problem that is constantly growing. This disease presents a diverse symptomatology that implies complex therapeutic management. One of its characteristic symptoms is dyslipidemia, which becomes a risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases and increases the mortality of CKD patients. Various drugs, particularly those used for dyslipidemia, consumed in the course of CKD lead to side effects that delay the patient's recovery. Therefore, it is necessary to implement new therapies with natural compounds, such as curcuminoids (derived from the Curcuma longa plant), which can cushion the damage caused by the excessive use of medications. This manuscript aims to review the current evidence on the use of curcuminoids on dyslipidemia in CKD and CKD-induced cardiovascular disease (CVD). We first described oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and metabolic reprogramming as factors that induce dyslipidemia in CKD and their association with CVD development. We proposed the potential use of curcuminoids in CKD and their utilization in clinics to treat CKD-dyslipidemia.
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JEDLIČKA J, GRUNDMANOVÁ M, ŠVÍGLEROVÁ J, TŮMA Z, NALOS L, RAJDL D, ŠTENGL M, KUNCOVÁ J. Mitochondrial dysfunction in kidney cortex and medulla of subtotally nephrectomized rats. Physiol Res 2022; 71:S219-S226. [PMID: 36647910 PMCID: PMC9906659 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Five-sixths nephrectomy is a widely used experimental model of chronic kidney disease (CKD) that is associated with severe mitochondrial dysfunction of the remnant tissue. In this study, we assessed the effect of CKD on mitochondrial respiration separately in the rat kidney cortex and medulla 10 weeks after induction of CKD by subtotal 5/6 nephrectomy (SNX). Mitochondrial oxygen consumption was evaluated on mechanically permeabilized samples of kidney cortex and medulla using high-resolution respirometry and expressed per mg of tissue wet weight or IU citrate synthase (CS) activity. Mitochondrial respiration in the renal cortex of SNX rats was significantly reduced in all measured respiratory states if expressed per unit wet weight and remained lower if recalculated per IU citrate synthase activity, i.e. per mitochondrial mass. In contrast, the profound decrease in the activity of CS in SNX medulla resulted in significantly elevated respiratory states expressing the OXPHOS capacity when Complexes I and II or II only are provided with electrons, LEAK respiration after oligomycin injection, and Complex IV-linked oxygen consumption per unit CS activity suggesting compensatory hypermetabolic state in remaining functional mitochondria that is not sufficient to fully compensate for respiratory deficit expressed per tissue mass. The results document that CKD induced by 5/6 nephrectomy in the rat is likely to cause not only mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction (in the kidney cortex), but also adaptive changes in the medulla that tend to at least partially compensate for mitochondria loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan JEDLIČKA
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - Martina GRUNDMANOVÁ
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka ŠVÍGLEROVÁ
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic,Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk TŮMA
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš NALOS
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel RAJDL
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - Milan ŠTENGL
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic,Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka KUNCOVÁ
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
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Ceja-Galicia ZA, García-Arroyo FE, Aparicio-Trejo OE, El-Hafidi M, Gonzaga-Sánchez G, León-Contreras JC, Hernández-Pando R, Guevara-Cruz M, Tovar AR, Rojas-Morales P, Aranda-Rivera AK, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Tapia E, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Therapeutic Effect of Curcumin on 5/6Nx Hypertriglyceridemia: Association with the Improvement of Renal Mitochondrial β-Oxidation and Lipid Metabolism in Kidney and Liver. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2195. [PMID: 36358567 PMCID: PMC9686550 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence is constantly increasing, and dyslipidemia in this disease is characteristic, favoring cardiovascular events. However, the mechanisms of CKD dyslipidemia are not fully understood. The use of curcumin (CUR) in CKD models such as 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6Nx) has shown multiple beneficial effects, so it has been proposed to correct dyslipidemia without side effects. This work aimed to characterize CUR's potential therapeutic effect on dyslipidemia and alterations in lipid metabolism and mitochondrial ß-oxidation in the liver and kidney in 5/6Nx. Male Wistar rats were subjected to 5/6Nx and progressed by 4 weeks; meanwhile, CUR (120 mg/kg) was administered for weeks 5 to 8. Our results showed that CUR reversed the increase in liver and kidney damage and hypertriglyceridemia induced by 5/6Nx. CUR also reversed mitochondrial membrane depolarization and β-oxidation disorders in the kidney and the increased lipid uptake and the high levels of proteins involved in fatty acid synthesis in the liver and kidney. CUR also decreased lipogenesis and increased mitochondrial biogenesis markers in the liver. Therefore, we concluded that the therapeutic effect of curcumin on 5/6Nx hypertriglyceridemia is associated with the restoration of renal mitochondrial ß-oxidation and the reduction in lipid synthesis and uptake in the kidneys and liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeltzin Alejandra Ceja-Galicia
- Department of Cardio-Renal Physiology, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | | | - Omar Emiliano Aparicio-Trejo
- Department of Cardio-Renal Physiology, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Mohammed El-Hafidi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Gonzaga-Sánchez
- Department of Cardio-Renal Physiology, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos León-Contreras
- Department of Experimental Pathology, National Institute of Medical Science and Nutrition “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- Department of Experimental Pathology, National Institute of Medical Science and Nutrition “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Martha Guevara-Cruz
- Department of Nutrition Physiology, National Institute of Medical Science and Nutrition “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Armando R. Tovar
- Department of Nutrition Physiology, National Institute of Medical Science and Nutrition “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Pedro Rojas-Morales
- Department of Cardio-Renal Physiology, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Ana Karina Aranda-Rivera
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | | | - Edilia Tapia
- Department of Cardio-Renal Physiology, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
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12
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Avila-Rojas SH, Aparicio-Trejo OE, Sanchez-Guerra MA, Barbier OC. Effects of fluoride exposure on mitochondrial function: Energy metabolism, dynamics, biogenesis and mitophagy. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 94:103916. [PMID: 35738460 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride is ubiquitous in the environment. Furthermore, drinking water represents the main source of exposure to fluoride for humans. Interestingly, low fluoride concentrations have beneficial effects on bone and teeth development; however, chronic fluoride exposure has harmful effects on human health. Besides, preclinical studies associate fluoride toxicity with oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. On the other hand, it is well-known that mitochondria play a key role in reactive oxygen species production. By contrast, fluoride's effect on processes such as mitochondrial dynamics, biogenesis and mitophagy are little known. These processes modulate the size, content, and distribution of mitochondria and their depuration help to counter the reactive oxygen species production and cytochrome c release, thereby allowing cell survival. However, a maladaptive response could enhance fluoride-induced toxicity. The present review gives a brief account of fluoride-induced mitochondrial alterations on soft and hard tissues, including liver, reproductive organs, heart, brain, lung, kidney, bone, and tooth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabino Hazael Avila-Rojas
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Departamento de Toxicología (CINVESTAV-IPN), Av. IPN No. 2508 Col., San Pedro Zacatenco, México CP 07360, Mexico.
| | | | - Marco Antonio Sanchez-Guerra
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, National Institute of Perinatology, Montes Urales 800, Lomas Virreyes, Mexico 1100, Mexico.
| | - Olivier Christophe Barbier
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Departamento de Toxicología (CINVESTAV-IPN), Av. IPN No. 2508 Col., San Pedro Zacatenco, México CP 07360, Mexico.
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Rahman MA, Akter S, Dorotea D, Mazumder A, Uddin MN, Hannan MA, Hossen MJ, Ahmed MS, Kim W, Kim B, Uddin MJ. Renoprotective potentials of small molecule natural products targeting mitochondrial dysfunction. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:925993. [PMID: 35910356 PMCID: PMC9334908 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.925993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney diseases, including acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), have become critical clinical, socioeconomic, and public health concerns worldwide. The kidney requires a lot of energy, and mitochondria act as the central organelle for the proper functioning of the kidney. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with the pathogenesis of AKI and CKD. Natural products and their structural analogs have been sought as an alternative therapeutic strategy despite the challenges in drug discovery. Many studies have shown that small-molecule natural products can improve renal function and ameliorate kidney disease progression. This review summarizes the nephroprotective effects of small-molecule natural products, such as berberine, betulinic acid, celastrol, curcumin, salidroside, polydatin, and resveratrol. Treatment with small-molecule natural products was shown to attenuate renal oxidative stress and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage and restore mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics in the kidneys against various injury stimuli. Therefore, small-molecule natural products should be recognized as multi-target therapeutics and promising drugs to prevent kidney diseases, particularly those with mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Ataur Rahman
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul, South Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Debra Dorotea
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | - Md. Abdul Hannan
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Jahangir Hossen
- Department of Animal Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Selim Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Barisal, Bangladesh
| | - Woojin Kim
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegidong Dongdaemungu, Seoul, South Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Bonglee Kim, ; Md Jamal Uddin,
| | - Md Jamal Uddin
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Bonglee Kim, ; Md Jamal Uddin,
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Thongboonkerd V, Chaiyarit S. Gel-Based and Gel-Free Phosphoproteomics to Measure and Characterize Mitochondrial Phosphoproteins. Curr Protoc 2022; 2:e390. [PMID: 35275445 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrion is a key intracellular organelle regulating metabolic processes, oxidative stress, energy production, calcium homeostasis, and cell survival. Protein phosphorylation plays an important role in regulating mitochondrial functions and cellular signaling pathways. Dysregulation of protein phosphorylation status can cause protein malfunction and abnormal signal transduction, leading to organ dysfunction and disease. Investigating the mitochondrial phosphoproteins is therefore crucial to better understand the molecular and pathogenic mechanisms of many metabolic disorders. Conventional analyses of phosphoproteins, for instance, via western blotting, can be done only for proteins for which specific antibodies to their phosphorylated forms are available. Moreover, such an approach is not suitable for large-scale study of phosphoproteins. Currently, proteomics represents an important tool for large-scale analysis of proteins and their post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation. Here, we provide step-by-step protocols for the proteomics analysis of mitochondrial phosphoproteins (the phosphoproteome), using renal tubular cells as an example. These protocols include methods to effectively isolate mitochondria and to validate the efficacy of mitochondrial enrichment as well as its purity. We also provide detailed protocols for performing both gel-based and gel-free phosphoproteome analyses. The gel-based analysis involves two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and phosphoprotein-specific staining, followed by protein identification via mass spectrometry, whereas the gel-free approach is based on in-solution mass spectrometric identification of specific phosphorylation sites and residues. In all, these approaches allow large-scale analyses of mitochondrial phosphoproteins that can be applied to other cells and tissues of interest. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Mitochondrial isolation/purification from renal tubular cells Support Protocol: Validation of enrichment efficacy and purity of mitochondrial isolation Basic Protocol 2: Gel-based phosphoproteome analysis Basic Protocol 3: Gel-free phosphoproteome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sakdithep Chaiyarit
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Ding XQ, Jian TY, Gai YN, Niu GT, Liu Y, Meng XH, Li J, Lyu H, Ren BR, Chen J. Chicoric Acid Attenuated Renal Tubular Injury in HFD-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease Mice through the Promotion of Mitophagy via the Nrf2/PINK/Parkin Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:2923-2935. [PMID: 35195395 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As the main factor in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD), the excessive apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) and its underlying mechanism of action are worth further investigation. Chicoric acid (CA), a major active constituent of the Uyghur folk medicine chicory, was recorded to possess a renal protective effect. The precise effect of CA on renal tubular injury in obesity-related CKD remains unknown. In the current study, CA was proven to ameliorate metabolic disorders including overweight, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and hyperuricemia in high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Furthermore, the reverse effect of CA on renal histological changes and functional damage was confirmed. In vitro, the alleviation of lipid accumulation and cell apoptosis was observed in palmitic acid (PA)-exposed HK2 cells. Treatment with CA reduced mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress in the renal tubule of HFD-fed mice and PA-treated HK2 cells. Finally, CA was observed to activate the Nrf2 pathway; increase PINK and Parkin expression; and regulate LC3, SQSTM1, Mfn2, and FIS1 expression; therefore, it would improve mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy to alleviate mitochondrial damage in RTECs of obesity-related CKD. These results may provide fresh insights into the promotion of mitophagy in the prevention and alleviation of obesity-related CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qin Ding
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Tun-Yu Jian
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Ya-Nan Gai
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Guan-Ting Niu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiu-Hua Meng
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Han Lyu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Bing-Ru Ren
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Aparicio-Trejo OE, Aranda-Rivera AK, Osorio-Alonso H, Martínez-Klimova E, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Tapia E. Extracellular Vesicles in Redox Signaling and Metabolic Regulation in Chronic Kidney Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020356. [PMID: 35204238 PMCID: PMC8868440 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a world health problem increasing dramatically. The onset of CKD is driven by several mechanisms; among them, metabolic reprogramming and changes in redox signaling play critical roles in the advancement of inflammation and the subsequent fibrosis, common pathologies observed in all forms of CKD. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived membrane packages strongly associated with cell-cell communication since they transfer several biomolecules that serve as mediators in redox signaling and metabolic reprogramming in the recipient cells. Recent studies suggest that EVs, especially exosomes, the smallest subtype of EVs, play a fundamental role in spreading renal injury in CKD. Therefore, this review summarizes the current information about EVs and their cargos’ participation in metabolic reprogramming and mitochondrial impairment in CKD and their role in redox signaling changes. Finally, we analyze the effects of these EV-induced changes in the amplification of inflammatory and fibrotic processes in the progression of CKD. Furthermore, the data suggest that the identification of the signaling pathways involved in the release of EVs and their cargo under pathological renal conditions can allow the identification of new possible targets of injury spread, with the goal of preventing CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Emiliano Aparicio-Trejo
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Ana Karina Aranda-Rivera
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Horacio Osorio-Alonso
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Elena Martínez-Klimova
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Laura Gabriela Sánchez-Lozada
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Edilia Tapia
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City 14080, Mexico
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Jia Q, Han L, Zhang X, Yang W, Gao Y, Shen Y, Li B, Wang S, Qin M, Lowe S, Qin J, Hao G. Tongluo Yishen Decoction Ameliorates Renal Fibrosis via Regulating Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induced by Oxidative Stress in Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Rats. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:762756. [PMID: 34712143 PMCID: PMC8545824 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.762756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tongluo Yishen (TLYS) decoction is an herb that is extensively applied for the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, 37 different dominant chemical constituents of TLYS were identified. Rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) were used as animal models, and TLYS decoction was administered orally for 14 days. TLYS decoction reduced the levels of renal function indicators, serum creatinine levels and blood urea nitrogen levels and alleviated renal pathological changes. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analyses of RNA sequencing data showed that TLYS decoction had significant effects on biological processes, cellular components and molecular functions in UUO rats and that the phagosome (a membrane source in the early stages of autophagy), lysosome (an important component of autolysosome), and oxidation pathways (which contribute to mitochondrial function) might be related to the antifibrotic effects of TLYS decoction. Moreover, we found significant mitochondrial function impairment, including a decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and an imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics, excessive oxidative stress, and activation of Pink1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy in UUO rats. Treatment with TLYS decoction significantly increased the MMP, normalized mitochondrial dynamics and ameliorated renal injury. Moreover, TLYS alleviated the mitophagy clearance deficiency. In conclusion, our study showed that TLYS decoction can ameliorate mitochondrial dynamics by reducing oxidative stress and regulating mitophagy, thereby relieving renal injury, protecting renal function, and reducing renal fibrosis. This study provides support for the application of and further research on TLYS decoction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jia
- Department of Nephropathy, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Han
- School of Basic Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Nephropathy, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenning Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yushan Gao
- School of Basic Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Shen
- Emergency Department, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shang Hai, China
| | - Bing Li
- Beijing First Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyan Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mingzhen Qin
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Scott Lowe
- Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Jianguo Qin
- Department of Nephropathy, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Gaimei Hao
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Mitoquinone Protects Podocytes from Angiotensin II-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Injury via the Keap1-Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:1394486. [PMID: 34426758 PMCID: PMC8380182 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1394486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Podocyte mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Previous studies demonstrated that excessive mitochondrial fission could lead to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and promote podocyte apoptosis. Therefore, the maintenance of stable mitochondrial function is a newly identified way to protect podocytes and prevent the progression of CKD. As a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, mitoquinone (MitoQ) has been proven to be a promising agent for the prevention of mitochondrial injury in cardiovascular disease and Parkinson's disease. The present study examined the effects of MitoQ on angiotensin II- (Ang II-) induced podocyte injury both in vivo and in vitro. Podocyte mitochondria in Ang II-infused mice exhibited morphological and functional alterations. The observed mitochondrial fragmentation and ROS production were alleviated with MitoQ treatment. In vitro, alterations in mitochondrial morphology and function in Ang II-stimulated podocytes, including mitochondrial membrane potential reduction, ROS overproduction, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) deficiency, were significantly reversed by MitoQ. Moreover, MitoQ rescued the expression and translocation of Nrf2 (nuclear factor E2-related factor 2) and decreased the expression of Keap1 (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1) in Ang II-stimulated podocytes. Nrf2 knockdown partially blocked the protective effects of MitoQ on Ang II-induced mitochondrial fission and oxidative stress in podocytes. These results demonstrate that MitoQ exerts a protective effect in Ang II-induced mitochondrial injury in podocytes via the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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19
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Jiménez-Uribe AP, Bellido B, Aparicio-Trejo OE, Tapia E, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Hernández-Santos JA, Fernández-Valverde F, Hernández-Cruz EY, Orozco-Ibarra M, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Temporal characterization of mitochondrial impairment in the unilateral ureteral obstruction model in rats. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:358-371. [PMID: 34175439 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a well-known mechanism that favors chronic kidney disease (CKD) development in obstructive nephropathy, a significant pathology worldwide. Fibrosis induction involves several pathways, and although mitochondrial alterations have recently emerged as a critical factor that triggers renal damage in the obstructed kidney, the temporal mitochondrial alterations during the fibrotic induction remain unexplored. Therefore, in this work, we evaluated the time course of mitochondrial mass and bioenergetics alterations induced by a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), a widely used model to study the mechanism involved in kidney fibrosis induction and progression. Our results show a marked reduction in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in the obstructed kidney on days 7 to 28 of obstruction without significant mitochondrial coupling changes. Besides, we observed that mitochondrial mass was reduced, probably due to decreased biogenesis and mitophagy induction. OXPHOS impairment was associated with decreased mitochondrial biogenesis markers, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator-1alpha (PGC-1α), and nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1); and also, with the induction of mitophagy in a PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and Parkin independent way. It is concluded that the impairment of OXPHOS capacity may be explained by the reduction in mitochondrial biogenesis and the induction of mitophagy during fibrotic progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Belen Bellido
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX 04510, Mexico
| | | | - Edilia Tapia
- Departmento de Patofisiología Cardio-renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Laura Gabriela Sánchez-Lozada
- Departmento de Patofisiología Cardio-renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - José Antonio Hernández-Santos
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Manuel Velasco Suárez, Av. Insurgentes Sur # 3877, La Fama, Alcaldía Tlalpan, CP 14269, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Francisca Fernández-Valverde
- Laboratorio de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Manuel Velasco Suárez, Av. Insurgentes Sur # 3877, La Fama, Alcaldía Tlalpan, CP 14269, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Marisol Orozco-Ibarra
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Manuel Velasco Suárez, Av. Insurgentes Sur # 3877, La Fama, Alcaldía Tlalpan, CP 14269, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX 04510, Mexico.
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Aranda-Rivera AK, Cruz-Gregorio A, Aparicio-Trejo OE, Ortega-Lozano AJ, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Redox signaling pathways in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced renal fibrosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:65-81. [PMID: 34077780 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) is an experimental rodent model that mimics renal fibrosis associated with obstructive nephropathy in an accelerated manner. After UUO, the activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOXs) and mitochondrial dysfunction lead to reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction in the kidney. ROS are secondary messengers able to induce post-translational modifications (PTMs) in redox-sensitive proteins, which activate or deactivate signaling pathways. Therefore, in UUO, it has been proposed that ROS overproduction causes changes in said pathways promoting inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis that contribute to fibrosis development. Furthermore, mitochondrial metabolism impairment has been associated with UUO, contributing to renal damage in this model. Although ROS production and oxidative stress have been studied in UUO, the development of renal fibrosis associated with redox signaling pathways has not been addressed. This review focuses on the current information about the activation and deactivation of signaling pathways sensitive to a redox state and their effect on mitochondrial metabolism in the fibrosis development in the UUO model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Karina Aranda-Rivera
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Laboratorio F-225, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico.
| | - Alfredo Cruz-Gregorio
- Laboratorio F-225, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Omar Emiliano Aparicio-Trejo
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Ariadna Jazmín Ortega-Lozano
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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21
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Mitochondrial Redox Signaling and Oxidative Stress in Kidney Diseases. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081144. [PMID: 34439810 PMCID: PMC8391472 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles in physiology and kidney diseases, because they produce cellular energy required to perform their function. During mitochondrial metabolism, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced. ROS function as secondary messengers, inducing redox-sensitive post-translational modifications (PTM) in proteins and activating or deactivating different cell signaling pathways. However, in kidney diseases, ROS overproduction causes oxidative stress (OS), inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and altering its metabolism and dynamics. The latter processes are closely related to changes in the cell redox-sensitive signaling pathways, causing inflammation and apoptosis cell death. Although mitochondrial metabolism, ROS production, and OS have been studied in kidney diseases, the role of redox signaling pathways in mitochondria has not been addressed. This review focuses on altering the metabolism and dynamics of mitochondria through the dysregulation of redox-sensitive signaling pathways in kidney diseases.
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22
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Li Q, Xing C, Yuan Y. Mitochondrial Targeting of Herbal Medicine in Chronic Kidney Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:632388. [PMID: 34122064 PMCID: PMC8188236 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.632388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common progressive disease that is typically characterized by the permanent loss of nephrons and an eventual decline in glomerular filtration rate. CKD increases mortality and has a significant impact on the quality of life and the economy, which is becoming a major public health issue worldwide. Since current conventional-medicine treatment options for CKD are not satisfactory, many patients seek complementary and alternative medicine treatments including Traditional Chinese Medicine. Herbal medicine is often used to relieve symptoms of renal diseases in the clinic. The kidney is abundant in the number of mitochondria, which provide enough energy for renal function and metabolism. In recent years, a vital role for mitochondrial dysfunction has been suggested in CKD. Mitochondria have become a new target for the treatment of diseases. A growing number of studies have demonstrated herbal medicine could restore mitochondrial function and alleviate renal injury both in vivo and in vitro. In this review, we sum up the therapeutic effect of herbal medicine in CKD via targeting mitochondrial function. This implies future strategies in preventing CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changying Xing
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanggang Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Prieto-Carrasco R, García-Arroyo FE, Aparicio-Trejo OE, Rojas-Morales P, León-Contreras JC, Hernández-Pando R, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Tapia E, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Progressive Reduction in Mitochondrial Mass Is Triggered by Alterations in Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Dynamics in Chronic Kidney Disease Induced by 5/6 Nephrectomy. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:349. [PMID: 33919054 PMCID: PMC8143166 DOI: 10.3390/biology10050349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The five-sixth nephrectomy (5/6Nx) model is widely used to study the mechanisms involved in chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. Mitochondrial impairment is a critical mechanism that favors CKD progression. However, until now, there are no temporal studies of the change in mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics that allow determining the role of these processes in mitochondrial impairment and renal damage progression in the 5/6Nx model. In this work, we determined the changes in mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics markers in remnant renal mass from days 2 to 28 after 5/6Nx. Our results show a progressive reduction in mitochondrial biogenesis triggered by reducing two principal regulators of mitochondrial protein expression, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1-alpha and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. Furthermore, the reduction in mitochondrial biogenesis proteins strongly correlates with the increase in renal damage markers. Additionally, we found a slow and gradual change in mitochondrial dynamics from fusion to fission, favoring mitochondrial fragmentation at later stages after 5/6Nx. Together, our results suggest that 5/6Nx induces the progressive reduction in mitochondrial mass over time via the decrease in mitochondrial biogenesis factors and a slow shift from mitochondrial fission to fusion; both mechanisms favor CKD progression in the remnant renal mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Prieto-Carrasco
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (R.P.-C.); (O.E.A.-T.); (P.R.-M.)
- Department of Cardio-Renal Pathophysiology, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.E.G.-A.); (L.G.S.-L.); (E.T.)
| | - Fernando E. García-Arroyo
- Department of Cardio-Renal Pathophysiology, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.E.G.-A.); (L.G.S.-L.); (E.T.)
| | - Omar Emiliano Aparicio-Trejo
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (R.P.-C.); (O.E.A.-T.); (P.R.-M.)
- Department of Cardio-Renal Pathophysiology, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.E.G.-A.); (L.G.S.-L.); (E.T.)
| | - Pedro Rojas-Morales
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (R.P.-C.); (O.E.A.-T.); (P.R.-M.)
- Department of Cardio-Renal Pathophysiology, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.E.G.-A.); (L.G.S.-L.); (E.T.)
| | - Juan Carlos León-Contreras
- Experimental Pathology Section, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City 14000, Mexico; (J.C.L.-C.); (R.H.-P.)
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- Experimental Pathology Section, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City 14000, Mexico; (J.C.L.-C.); (R.H.-P.)
| | - Laura Gabriela Sánchez-Lozada
- Department of Cardio-Renal Pathophysiology, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.E.G.-A.); (L.G.S.-L.); (E.T.)
| | - Edilia Tapia
- Department of Cardio-Renal Pathophysiology, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.E.G.-A.); (L.G.S.-L.); (E.T.)
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (R.P.-C.); (O.E.A.-T.); (P.R.-M.)
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24
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Son SH, Lee SM, Lee MH, Son YK, Kim SE, An WS. Omega-3 Fatty Acids Upregulate SIRT1/3, Activate PGC-1α via Deacetylation, and Induce Nrf1 Production in 5/6 Nephrectomy Rat Model. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:182. [PMID: 33810216 PMCID: PMC8066610 DOI: 10.3390/md19040182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of kidney injury related with cardiovascular disease. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) protects renal tubular cells by upregulating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPK)-mediated phosphorylation and sirtuin 1/3 (SIRT1/3)-mediated deacetylation are required for PGC-1α activation. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) regulate the expression of mediators of mitochondrial biogenesis in 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx) rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to the following groups: sham control, Nx, and Nx treated with omega-3 FA. The expression of PGC-1α, phosphorylated PGC-1α (pPGC-1α), acetylated PGC-1α, and factors related to mitochondrial biogenesis was examined through Western blot analysis. Compared to the control group, the expression of PGC-1α, pAMPK, SIRT1/3, Nrf1, mTOR, and Nrf2 was significantly downregulated, and that of Keap 1, acetylated PGC-1α, and FoxO1/3, was significantly upregulated in the Nx group. These changes in protein expression were rescued in the omega-3 FA group. However, the expression of pPGC-1α was similar among the three groups. Omega-3 FAs may involve mitochondrial biogenesis by upregulating Nrf1 and Nrf2. This protective mechanism might be attributed to the increased expression and deacetylation of PGC-1α, which was triggered by SIRT1/3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hyun Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, BHS Han Seo Hospital, Busan 48253, Korea;
| | - Su Mi Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Korea; (S.M.L.); (Y.K.S.); (S.E.K.)
| | - Mi Hwa Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Korea;
| | - Young Ki Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Korea; (S.M.L.); (Y.K.S.); (S.E.K.)
| | - Seong Eun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Korea; (S.M.L.); (Y.K.S.); (S.E.K.)
| | - Won Suk An
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Korea; (S.M.L.); (Y.K.S.); (S.E.K.)
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25
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Yuan L, Yuan Y, Liu F, Li L, Liu J, Chen Y, Cheng J, Lu Y. PGC-1α alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction via TFEB-mediated autophagy in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:8421-8439. [PMID: 33714196 PMCID: PMC8034953 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Because of the key role of impaired mitochondria in the progression of acute kidney injury (AKI), it is striking that peroxisome proliferator γ coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α), a transcriptional coactivator of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and autophagy, protects from kidney injury. However, the specific mechanism involved in PGC-1α-mediated autophagy remains elusive. In vivo, along with the severe kidney damage, the expression of PGC-1α was decreased in cisplatin-induced AKI mice. Conversely, PGC-1α activator (ZLN005) administration could alleviate kidney injury. Consistently, in vitro overexpression of PGC-1α or ZLN005 treatment inhibited cell apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by cisplatin. Moreover, ZLN005 treatment increased the expression of LC3-II and co-localization between LC3 and mitochondria, suggesting that the mitophagy was activated. Furthermore, PGC-1α-mediated the activation of mitophagy was reliant on the increased expression of TFEB, and the protective effects were abrogated in TFEB-knockdown cells. These data suggest that the activation of PGC-1α could alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction and kidney injury in AKI mice via TFEB-mediated autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longhui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Department of Nephrology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujia Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Department of Nephrology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Department of Nephrology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Li
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Department of Nephrology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Department of Nephrology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Younan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Department of Nephrology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingqiu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Department of Nephrology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanrong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Department of Nephrology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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26
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Chaiyarit S, Thongboonkerd V. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Kidney Stone Disease. Front Physiol 2020; 11:566506. [PMID: 33192563 PMCID: PMC7606861 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.566506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrion is a pivotal intracellular organelle that plays crucial roles in regulation of energy production, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, and apoptosis. Kidney stone disease (nephrolithiasis/urolithiasis), particularly calcium oxalate (CaOx; the most common type), has been shown to be associated with oxidative stress and tissue inflammation/injury. Recent evidence has demonstrated the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in CaOx crystal retention and aggregation as well as Randall’s plaque formation, all of which are the essential mechanisms for kidney stone formation. This review highlights the important roles of mitochondria in renal cell functions and provides the data obtained from previous investigations of mitochondria related to kidney stone disease. In addition, mechanisms for the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of kidney stone disease are summarized. Finally, future perspectives on the novel approach to prevent kidney stone formation by mitochondrial preservation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakdithep Chaiyarit
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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27
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Alterations in mitochondrial homeostasis in a potassium dichromate model of acute kidney injury and their mitigation by curcumin. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 145:111774. [PMID: 32980475 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin has protective effects in several acute kidney injury models, including that induced by potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7). The protective effect of curcumin in this experimental model has been associated to the preservation of mitochondrial bioenergetics. This study is aimed at evaluating whether or not curcumin's protective effect in mitochondrial bioenergetics is related to the modulation of mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis. Wistar rats were treated with a single subcutaneous dose of K2Cr2O7 (12.5 mg/kg) or received curcumin (400 mg/kg/day) by oral gavage 10 days before and one day after the K2Cr2O7 injection. K2Cr2O7 induced kidney dysfunction and increased mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide production, while decreasing the respiration directly attributable to oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial membrane potential. In mitochondria, K2Cr2O7 increased fission and reduced fusion. Structural analysis of mitochondria in the proximal tubular cells corroborated their fragmentation and loss of crests' integrity. Regarding mitochondrial biogenesis, K2Cr2O7 decreased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) levels. Conversely, curcumin treatment mitigated the aforementioned alterations and increased the expression of the mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM). Taken together, our results suggest that curcumin can protect against renal injury by modulating mitochondrial homeostasis, mitigating alterations in bioenergetics and dynamics, possibly by stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis.
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28
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Agil A, Chayah M, Visiedo L, Navarro-Alarcon M, Rodríguez Ferrer JM, Tassi M, Reiter RJ, Fernández-Vázquez G. Melatonin Improves Mitochondrial Dynamics and Function in the Kidney of Zücker Diabetic Fatty Rats. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9092916. [PMID: 32927647 PMCID: PMC7564180 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9092916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and associated diabetes (diabesity) impair kidney mitochondrial dynamics by augmenting fission and diminishing fusion, which results in mitochondrial and renal dysfunction. Based on available evidence, the antioxidant activities of melatonin may improve impaired renal mitochondrial function in obese diabetic animals by restoring the imbalanced dynamics through inhibiting fission and promoting fusion. Male Zücker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and lean littermates (ZL) were orally treated either with melatonin (10 mg/kg BW/day) (M-ZDF and M-ZL) or vehicle (C-ZDF and C-ZL) for 17 weeks. Kidney function was evaluated by measurement of total urine volume, proteinuria, creatinine clearance, and assessment of kidney mitochondrial dynamics and function. C-ZDF exhibited impaired dynamics and function of kidney mitochondria in comparison to C-ZL. Melatonin improved nephropathy of ZDF rats and modulated their mitochondrial dynamics by reducing expression of Drp1 fission marker and increasing that of fusion markers, Mfn2 and Opa1. Furthermore, melatonin ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction by increasing respiratory control index and electron transfer chain complex IV activity. In addition, it lowered mitochondrial oxidative status. Our findings show that melatonin supplementation improves nephropathy likely via modulation of the mitochondrial fission/fusion balance and function in ZDF rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Agil
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurosciences Institute, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.C.); (L.V.)
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University Hospital of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-625-143-359
| | - Meriem Chayah
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurosciences Institute, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.C.); (L.V.)
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University Hospital of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Lucia Visiedo
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurosciences Institute, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (M.C.); (L.V.)
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University Hospital of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Navarro-Alarcon
- Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
| | | | - Mohamed Tassi
- Service of Microscopy, CIBM, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain;
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA;
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29
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Aparicio-Trejo OE, Rojas-Morales P, Avila-Rojas SH, León-Contreras JC, Hernández-Pando R, Jiménez-Uribe AP, Prieto-Carrasco R, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Tapia E. Temporal Alterations in Mitochondrial β-Oxidation and Oxidative Stress Aggravate Chronic Kidney Disease Development in 5/6 Nephrectomy Induced Renal Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186512. [PMID: 32899919 PMCID: PMC7555424 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Five-sixths nephrectomy (5/6Nx) model is widely used for studying the mechanisms involved in chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, a kidney pathology that has increased dramatically in recent years. Mitochondrial impairment is a key mechanism that aggravates CKD progression; however, the information on mitochondrial bioenergetics and redox alterations along a time course in a 5/6Nx model is still limited and in some cases contradictory. Therefore, we performed for the first time a time-course study of mitochondrial alterations by high-resolution respirometry in the 5/6Nx model. Our results show a decrease in mitochondrial β-oxidation at early times, as well as a permanent impairment in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in CI-linked respiration, a permanent oxidative state in mitochondria and decoupling of these organelles. These pathological alterations are linked to the early decrease in complex I and ATP synthase activities and to the further decrease in complex III activity. Therefore, our results may suggest that mitochondrial bioenergetics impairment is an early event in renal damage, whose persistence in time aggravates CKD development in the 5/6Nx model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Emiliano Aparicio-Trejo
- Department of Cardio-Renal Pathophysiology, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (O.E.A.-T.); (P.R.-M.); (L.G.S.-L.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (S.H.A.-R.); (A.P.J.-U.); (R.P.-C.); (J.P.-C.)
| | - Pedro Rojas-Morales
- Department of Cardio-Renal Pathophysiology, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (O.E.A.-T.); (P.R.-M.); (L.G.S.-L.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (S.H.A.-R.); (A.P.J.-U.); (R.P.-C.); (J.P.-C.)
| | - Sabino Hazael Avila-Rojas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (S.H.A.-R.); (A.P.J.-U.); (R.P.-C.); (J.P.-C.)
| | - Juan Carlos León-Contreras
- Experimental Pathology Section, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City 14000, Mexico; (J.C.L.-C.); (R.H.-P.)
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- Experimental Pathology Section, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition “Salvador Zubirán”, Mexico City 14000, Mexico; (J.C.L.-C.); (R.H.-P.)
| | - Alexis Paulina Jiménez-Uribe
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (S.H.A.-R.); (A.P.J.-U.); (R.P.-C.); (J.P.-C.)
| | - Rodrigo Prieto-Carrasco
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (S.H.A.-R.); (A.P.J.-U.); (R.P.-C.); (J.P.-C.)
| | - Laura Gabriela Sánchez-Lozada
- Department of Cardio-Renal Pathophysiology, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (O.E.A.-T.); (P.R.-M.); (L.G.S.-L.)
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (S.H.A.-R.); (A.P.J.-U.); (R.P.-C.); (J.P.-C.)
| | - Edilia Tapia
- Department of Cardio-Renal Pathophysiology, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (O.E.A.-T.); (P.R.-M.); (L.G.S.-L.)
- Correspondence:
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Martínez-Klimova E, Aparicio-Trejo OE, Gómez-Sierra T, Jiménez-Uribe AP, Bellido B, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress in the promotion of fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction. Biofactors 2020; 46:716-733. [PMID: 32905648 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Obstructive nephropathy favors the progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD), a severe health problem worldwide. The unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model is used to study the development of fibrosis. Impairment of renal mitochondria plays a crucial role in several types of CKD and has been strongly related to fibrosis onset. Nevertheless, in the UUO model, the impairment of mitochondria, their relationship with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induction and the participation of both to induce the fibrotic process remain unclear. In this review, we summarize the current information about mitochondrial bioenergetics, redox dynamics, mitochondrial mass, and biogenesis alterations, as well as the relationship of these mitochondrial alterations with ER stress and their participation in fibrotic processes in UUO models. Early after obstruction, there is metabolic reprogramming related to mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation impairment, triggering lipid deposition, oxidative stress, (calcium) Ca2+ dysregulation, and a reduction in mitochondrial mass and biogenesis. Mitochondria and the ER establish a pathological feedback loop that promotes the impairment of both organelles by ER stress pathways and Ca2+ levels dysregulation. Preserving mitochondrial and ER function can prevent or at least delay the fibrotic process and loss of renal function. However, deeper understanding is still necessary for future clinically-useful therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Martínez-Klimova
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
| | | | - Tania Gómez-Sierra
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
| | | | - Belen Bellido
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
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Aparicio-Trejo OE, Avila-Rojas SH, Tapia E, Rojas-Morales P, León-Contreras JC, Martínez-Klimova E, Hernández-Pando R, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Chronic impairment of mitochondrial bioenergetics and β-oxidation promotes experimental AKI-to-CKD transition induced by folic acid. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 154:18-32. [PMID: 32360615 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that mitochondrial bioenergetics and oxidative stress alterations may be common mechanisms involved in the progression of renal damage. However, the evolution of the mitochondrial alterations over time and the possible effects that their prevention could have in the progression of renal damage are not clear. Folic acid (FA)-induced kidney damage is a widely used experimental model to induce acute kidney injury (AKI), which can evolve to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Therefore, it has been extensively applied to study the mechanisms involved in AKI-to-CKD transition. We previously demonstrated that one day after FA administration, N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) pre-administration prevented the development of AKI induced by FA. Such therapeutic effect was related to mitochondrial preservation. In the present study, we characterized the temporal course of mitochondrial bioenergetics and redox state alterations along the progression of renal damage induced by FA. Mitochondrial function was studied at different time points and showed a sustained impairment in oxidative phosphorylation capacity and a decrease in β-oxidation, decoupling, mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization and a pro-oxidative state, attributed to the reduction in activity of complexes I and III and mitochondrial cristae effacement, thus favoring the transition from AKI to CKD. Furthermore, the mitochondrial protection by NAC administration before AKI prevented not only the long-term deterioration of mitochondrial function at the chronic stage, but also CKD development. Taken together, our results support the idea that the prevention of mitochondrial dysfunction during an AKI event can be a useful strategy to prevent the transition to CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Emiliano Aparicio-Trejo
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
| | - Sabino Hazael Avila-Rojas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
| | - Edilia Tapia
- Department of Cardio-Renal Physiopathology, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - Pedro Rojas-Morales
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos León-Contreras
- Experimental Pathology Section, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition ''Salvador Zubirán'', 14000, Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elena Martínez-Klimova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- Experimental Pathology Section, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition ''Salvador Zubirán'', 14000, Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Gabriela Sánchez-Lozada
- Department of Cardio-Renal Physiopathology, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, 04510, Mexico.
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Kanlaya R, Thongboonkerd V. Molecular Mechanisms of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate for Prevention of Chronic Kidney Disease and Renal Fibrosis: Preclinical Evidence. Curr Dev Nutr 2019; 3:nzz101. [PMID: 31555758 PMCID: PMC6752729 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzz101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common public health problem worldwide characterized by gradual decline of renal function over months/years accompanied by renal fibrosis and failure in tissue wound healing after sustained injury. Patients with CKD frequently present with profound signs/symptoms that require medical treatment, mostly culminating in hemodialysis and renal transplantation. To prevent CKD more efficiently, there is an urgent need for better understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms and molecular pathways of the disease pathogenesis and progression, and for developing novel therapeutic targets. Recently, several lines of evidence have shown that epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), an abundant phytochemical polyphenol derived from Camellia sinensis, might be a promising bioactive compound for prevention of CKD development/progression. This review summarizes current knowledge of molecular mechanisms underlying renoprotective roles of EGCG in CKD based on available preclinical evidence (from both in vitro and in vivo animal studies), particularly its antioxidant property through preservation of mitochondrial function and activation of Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2)/HO-1 (heme oxygenase-1) signaling, anti-inflammatory activity, and protective effect against epithelial mesenchymal transition. Finally, future perspectives, challenges, and concerns regarding its clinical use in CKD and renal fibrosis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rattiyaporn Kanlaya
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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E6 Oncoproteins from High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Induce Mitochondrial Metabolism in a Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Model. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9080351. [PMID: 31398842 PMCID: PMC6722992 DOI: 10.3390/biom9080351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells that are positive for human papillomavirus (HPV+) favor mitochondrial metabolism rather than glucose metabolism. However, the involvement of mitochondrial metabolism in HNSCC HPV+ cells is still unknown. The aim of this work was to evaluate the role of E6 oncoproteins from HPV16 and HPV18 in the mitochondrial metabolism in an HNSCC model. We found that E6 from both viral types abates the phosphorylation of protein kinase B-serine 473 (pAkt), which is associated with a shift in mitochondrial metabolism. E6 oncoproteins increased the levels of protein subunits of mitochondrial complexes (I to IV), as well as the ATP synthase and the protein levels of the voltage dependent anion channel (VDAC). Although E6 proteins increased the basal and leak respiration, the ATP-linked respiration was not affected, which resulted in mitochondrial decoupling. This increase in leak respiration was associated to the induction of oxidative stress (OS) in cells expressing E6, as it was observed by the fall in the glutathione/glutathione disulfide (GSH/GSSG) rate and the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), carbonylated proteins, and DNA damage. Taken together, our results suggest that E6 oncoproteins from HPV16 and HPV18 are inducers of mitochondrial metabolism.
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The Protective Effect of Alpha-Mangostin against Cisplatin-Induced Cell Death in LLC-PK1 Cells is Associated to Mitochondrial Function Preservation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8050133. [PMID: 31096625 PMCID: PMC6562511 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8050133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum II (CDDP) is a chemotherapeutic agent that induces nephrotoxicity by different mechanisms, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. This study aimed to evaluate if the protective effects of the antioxidant alpha-mangostin (αM) in CDDP-induced damage in proximal tubule Lilly laboratory culture porcine kidney (LLC-PK1) cells, are related to mitochondrial function preservation. It was found that αM co-incubation prevented CDDP-induced cell death. Furthermore, αM prevented the CDDP-induced decrease in cell respiratory states, in the maximum capacity of the electron transfer system (E) and in the respiration associated to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). CDDP also decreased the protein levels of voltage dependence anion channel (VDAC) and mitochondrial complex subunits, which together with the reduction in E, the mitofusin 2 decrease and the mitochondrial network fragmentation observed by MitoTracker Green, suggest the mitochondrial morphology alteration and the decrease in mitochondrial mass induced by CDDP. CDDP also induced the reduction in mitochondrial biogenesis observed by transcription factor A, mitochondria (TFAM) decreased protein-level and the increase in mitophagy. All these changes were prevented by αM. Taken together, our results imply that αM’s protective effects in CDDP-induced toxicity in LLC-PK1 cells are associated to mitochondrial function preservation.
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The footprints of mitochondrial impairment and cellular energy crisis in the pathogenesis of xenobiotics-induced nephrotoxicity, serum electrolytes imbalance, and Fanconi's syndrome: A comprehensive review. Toxicology 2019; 423:1-31. [PMID: 31095988 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi's Syndrome (FS) is a disorder characterized by impaired renal proximal tubule function. FS is associated with a vast defect in the renal reabsorption of several chemicals. Inherited and/or acquired conditions seem to be connected with FS. Several xenobiotics including many pharmaceuticals are capable of inducing FS and nephrotoxicity. Although the pathological state of FS is well described, the exact underlying etiology and cellular mechanism(s) of xenobiotics-induced nephrotoxicity, serum electrolytes imbalance, and FS are not elucidated. Constant and high dependence of the renal reabsorption process to energy (ATP) makes mitochondrial dysfunction as a pivotal mechanism which could be involved in the pathogenesis of FS. The current review focuses on the footprints of mitochondrial impairment in the etiology of xenobiotics-induced FS. Moreover, the importance of mitochondria protecting agents and their preventive/therapeutic capability against FS is highlighted. The information collected in this review may provide significant clues to new therapeutic interventions aimed at minimizing xenobiotics-induced renal injury, serum electrolytes imbalance, and FS.
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Honokiol-Mediated Mitophagy Ameliorates Postoperative Cognitive Impairment Induced by Surgery/Sevoflurane via Inhibiting the Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome in the Hippocampus. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8639618. [PMID: 30918581 PMCID: PMC6409065 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8639618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background The potential mechanism of postoperative cognitive impairment is still largely unclear. The activation of NLRP3 inflammasome had been reported to be involved in neurodegenerative diseases, including postoperative cognitive change, and is closely related to mitochondrial ROS and mitophagy. Honokiol (HNK) owns multiple organic protective effects. This study is aimed at observing the neuroprotective effect of HNK in postoperative cognitive change and examining the role of HNK in the regulation of mitophagy and the relationship between these effects and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in mice induced by surgery/anesthesia. Methods In this study, mice were divided into several groups: control group, surgery group, surgery+HNK group, and surgery+HNK+3-methyladenine (3-MA) group. Hippocampal tissue samples were harvested and used for proinflammatory cytokines, mitochondrial ROS, and malondialdehyde (MDA) assay. The process of mitophagy and the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome were observed by Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy. Results The results showed that HNK treatment obviously recovered the postoperative decline and enhanced the expressions of LC3-II, Beclin-1, Parkin, and PINK1 at protein levels after surgery/sevoflurane treatment, which are both an autophagy marker and a mitophagy marker. In addition, HNK attenuated mitochondrial structure damage and reduced mtROS and MDA generation, which are closely associated with NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Honokiol-mediated mitophagy inhibited the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus. Using 3-MA, an autophagy inhibitor, the neuroprotective effects of HNK on mitophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome activation were eliminated. Conclusion These results indicated that HNK-mediated mitophagy ameliorates postoperative cognitive impairment induced by surgery/sevoflurane. This neuroprotective effect may be involved in inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and suppressing inflammatory responses in the hippocampus.
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Aparicio-Trejo OE, Reyes-Fermín LM, Briones-Herrera A, Tapia E, León-Contreras JC, Hernández-Pando R, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Protective effects of N-acetyl-cysteine in mitochondria bioenergetics, oxidative stress, dynamics and S-glutathionylation alterations in acute kidney damage induced by folic acid. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 130:379-396. [PMID: 30439416 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Folic acid (FA)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a widely used model for studies of the renal damage and its progression to chronic state. However, the molecular mechanisms by which FA induces AKI remain poorly understood. Since renal function depends on mitochondrial homeostasis, it has been suggested that mitochondrial alterations contribute to AKI development. Additionally, N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) can be a protective agent to prevent mitochondrial and renal dysfunction in this model, given its ability to increase mitochondrial glutathione (GSH) and to control the S-glutathionylation levels, a reversible post-translational modification that has emerged as a mechanism able to link mitochondrial energy metabolism and redox homeostasis. However, this hypothesis has not been explored. The present study demonstrates for the first time that, at 24 h, FA induced mitochondrial bioenergetics, redox state, dynamics and mitophagy alterations, which are involved in the mechanisms responsible for the AKI development. On the other hand, NAC preadministration was able to prevent mitochondrial bioenergetics, redox state and dynamics alterations as well as renal damage. The protective effects of NAC on mitochondria and renal function could be related to its observed capacity to preserve the S-glutathionylation process and GSH levels in mitochondria. Taken together, our results support the idea that these mitochondrial processes can be targets for the prevention of the renal damage and its progression in FA-induced AKI model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Emiliano Aparicio-Trejo
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Laura María Reyes-Fermín
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Briones-Herrera
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Edilia Tapia
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory of Renal Pathophysiology, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos León-Contreras
- Experimental Pathology Section, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition ''Salvador Zubirán'', 14000 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- Experimental Pathology Section, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition ''Salvador Zubirán'', 14000 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Gabriela Sánchez-Lozada
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory of Renal Pathophysiology, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
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Mafra D, Gidlund EK, Borges NA, Magliano DC, Lindholm B, Stenvinkel P, von Walden F. Bioactive food and exercise in chronic kidney disease: Targeting the mitochondria. Eur J Clin Invest 2018; 48:e13020. [PMID: 30144313 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD), which affects 10%-15% of the population, associates with a range of complications-such as cardiovascular disease, frailty, infections, muscle and bone disorders and premature ageing-that could be related to alterations of mitochondrial number, distribution, structure and function. As mitochondrial biogenesis, bioenergetics and the dynamic mitochondrial networks directly or indirectly regulate numerous intra- and extracellular functions, the mitochondria have emerged as an important target for interventions aiming at preventing or improving the treatment of complications in CKD. In this review, we discuss the possible role of bioactive food compounds and exercise in the modulation of the disturbed mitochondrial function in a uraemic milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Mafra
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eva-Karin Gidlund
- Division of Molecular Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natália Alvarenga Borges
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D'Angelo Carlo Magliano
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bengt Lindholm
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ferdinand von Walden
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Women's and Children's health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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