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Su X, Wang S, Tian Y, Teng M, Wang J, Zhang Y, Ji W, Zhang Y. Identification of Autophagy-Related Genes in Patients with Acute Spinal Cord Injury and Analysis of Potential Therapeutic Targets. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04431-x. [PMID: 39150631 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04431-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy has been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of spinal cord injury (SCI); however, its specific mechanisms remain unclear. This study is aimed at identifying potential molecular biomarkers related to autophagy in SCI through bioinformatics analysis and exploring potential therapeutic targets. The mRNA expression profile dataset GSE151371 was obtained from the GEO database, and R software was used to screen for differentially expressed autophagy-related genes (DE-ARGs) in SCI. A total of 39 DE-ARGs were detected in this study. Enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, TF-mRNA-miRNA regulatory network analysis, and the DSigDB database were used to investigate the regulatory mechanisms between DE-ARGs and identify potential drugs for SCI. Enrichment analysis revealed associations with autophagy, apoptosis, and cell death. PPI analysis identified the highest-scoring module and selected 10 hub genes to construct the TF-mRNA-miRNA network, revealing regulatory mechanisms. Analysis of the DSigDB database indicated that 1,9-Pyrazoloanthrone may be a potential therapeutic drug. Machine learning algorithms identified 3 key genes as candidate biomarkers. Additionally, immune cell infiltration results revealed significant correlations between PINK1, NLRC4, VAMP3, and immune cell accumulation. Molecular docking simulations revealed that imatinib can exert relatively strong regulatory effects on the three key proteins. Finally, in vivo experimental data revealed that the overall biological process of autophagy was disrupted. In summary, this study successfully identified 39 DE-ARGs and discovered several promising biomarkers, significantly contributing to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of autophagy in SCI. These findings offer valuable insights for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Su
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Shenglong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Ye Tian
- Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Menghao Teng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Jiachen Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yulong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Wenchen Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China.
| | - Yingang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China.
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Ji R, Hao Z, Wang H, Su Y, Yang W, Li X, Duan L, Guan F, Ma S. Fisetin Promotes Functional Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury by Inhibiting Microglia/Macrophage M1 Polarization and JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:17964-17976. [PMID: 39096281 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most serious health problems, with no effective therapy. Recent studies indicate that Fisetin, a natural polyphenolic flavonoid, exhibits multiple functions, such as life-prolonging, antioxidant, antitumor, and neuroprotection. However, the restorative effects of Fisetin on SCI and the underlying mechanism are still unclear. In the present study, we found that Fisetin reduced LPS-induced apoptosis and oxidative damage in PC12 cells and reversed LPS-induced M1 polarization in BV2 cells. Additionally, Fisetin safely and effectively promoted the motor function recovery of SCI mice by attenuating neurological damage and promoting neurogenesis at the lesion. Moreover, Fisetin administration inhibited glial scar formation, modulated microglia/macrophage polarization, and reduced neuroinflammation. Network pharmacology, RNA-seq, and molecular biology revealed that Fisetin inhibited the activation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Notably, Colivelin TFA, an activator of JAK2/STAT3 signaling, attenuated Fis-mediated neuroinflammation inhibition and therapeutic effects on SCI mice. Collectively, Fisetin promotes functional recovery after SCI by inhibiting microglia/macrophage M1 polarization and the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Thus, Fisetin may be a promising therapeutic drug for the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Ji
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Zhizhong Hao
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yujing Su
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Wenzhi Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xingfan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Linyan Duan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Fangxia Guan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
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Shu H, Zhang X, Pu Y, Zhang Y, Huang S, Ma J, Cao L, Zhou X. Fucoidan improving spinal cord injury recovery: Modulating microenvironment and promoting remyelination. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14903. [PMID: 39139089 PMCID: PMC11322593 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Excessive neuroinflammation, apoptosis, glial scar, and demyelination triggered by spinal cord injury (SCI) are major obstacles to SCI repair. Fucoidan, a natural marine plant extract, possesses broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects and is regarded as a potential therapeutic for various diseases, including neurological disorders. However, its role in SCI has not been investigated. METHODS In this study, we established an SCI model in mice and intervened in injury repair by daily intraperitoneal injections of different doses of fucoidan (10 and 20 mg/kg). Concurrently, primary oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) were treated in vitro to validate the differentiation-promoting effect of fucoidan on OPCs. Basso Mouse Scale (BMS), Louisville Swim Scale (LSS), and Rotarod test were carried out to measure the functional recovery. Immunofluorescence staining, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were performed to assess the neuroinflammation, apoptosis, glial scar, and remyelination. Western blot analysis was conducted to clarify the underlying mechanism of remyelination. RESULTS Our results indicate that in the SCI model, fucoidan exhibits significant anti-inflammatory effects and promotes the transformation of pro-inflammatory M1-type microglia/macrophages into anti-inflammatory M2-type ones. Fucoidan enhances the survival of neurons and axons in the injury area and improves remyelination. Additionally, fucoidan promotes OPCs differentiation into mature oligodendrocytes by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. CONCLUSION Fucoidan improves SCI repair by modulating the microenvironment and promoting remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoming Shu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of the Ministry of EducationNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yingyan Pu
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of the Ministry of EducationNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yinuo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shixue Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of the Ministry of EducationNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
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Li F, Sun X, Sun K, Kong F, Jiang X, Kong Q. Lupenone improves motor dysfunction in spinal cord injury mice through inhibiting the inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in microglia via the nuclear factor kappa B pathway. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1802-1811. [PMID: 38103247 PMCID: PMC10960275 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.389302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202408000-00034/figure1/v/2023-12-16T180322Z/r/image-tiff Spinal cord injury-induced motor dysfunction is associated with neuroinflammation. Studies have shown that the triterpenoid lupenone, a natural product found in various plants, has a remarkable anti-inflammatory effect in the context of chronic inflammation. However, the effects of lupenone on acute inflammation induced by spinal cord injury remain unknown. In this study, we established an impact-induced mouse model of spinal cord injury, and then treated the injured mice with lupenone (8 mg/kg, twice a day) by intraperitoneal injection. We also treated BV2 cells with lipopolysaccharide and adenosine 5'-triphosphate to simulate the inflammatory response after spinal cord injury. Our results showed that lupenone reduced IκBα activation and p65 nuclear translocation, inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome function by modulating nuclear factor kappa B, and enhanced the conversion of proinflammatory M1 microglial cells into anti-inflammatory M2 microglial cells. Furthermore, lupenone decreased NLRP3 inflammasome activation, NLRP3-induced microglial cell polarization, and microglia pyroptosis by inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa B pathway. These findings suggest that lupenone protects against spinal cord injury by inhibiting inflammasomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fudong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Spine Center, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofei Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Spine Center, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaiqiang Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanqi Kong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Spine Center, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingjie Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Lou Y, Li Z, Zheng H, Yuan Z, Li W, Zhang J, Shen W, Gao Y, Ran N, Kong X, Feng S. New strategy to treat spinal cord injury: Nafamostat mesilate suppressed NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis during acute phase. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 134:112190. [PMID: 38703569 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition for which effective clinical treatment is currently lacking. During the acute phase of SCI, myriad pathological changes give rise to subsequent secondary injury. The results of our previous studies indicated that treating rats post-SCI with nafamostat mesilate (NM) protected the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) and exerted an antiapoptotic effect. However, the optimal dosage for mice with SCI and the underlying mechanisms potentially contributing to recovery, especially during the acute phase of SCI, have not been determined. In this study, we first determined the optimal dosage of NM for mice post-SCI (5 mg/kg/day). Subsequently, our RNA-seq findings revealed that NM has the potential to inhibit pyroptosis after SCI. These findings were further substantiated by subsequent Western blot (WB) and Immunofluorescence (IF) analyses in vivo. These results indicate that NM can alleviate NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3)-mediated pyroptosis by modulating the NF-κB signaling pathway and reducing the protein expression levels of NIMA-related kinase 7 (NEK7) and cathepsin B (CTSB). In vitro experimental results supported our in vivo findings, revealing the effectiveness of NM in suppressing pyroptosis induced by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in BV2 cells. These results underscore the potential of NM to regulate NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis following SCI. Notably, compared with other synthetic compounds, NM exhibits greater versatility, suggesting that it is a promising clinical treatment option for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfu Lou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Zonghao Li
- Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Han Zheng
- Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Zhongze Yuan
- Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Wenxiang Li
- Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London HA7 4LP, United Kingdom
| | - Wenyuan Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Yiming Gao
- Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Ning Ran
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiaohong Kong
- Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Shandong, China.
| | - Shiqing Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Shandong, China.
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6
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Wu C, Chen Y, Chen X, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Deng Y, Li C, Zhang D, Zhang X, Wang S. 20-Deoxyingenol Activates Mitophagy Through TFEB and Promotes Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04283-5. [PMID: 38865079 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04283-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) can lead to permanent paralysis and various motor, sensory and autonomic nervous system dysfunction. The complex pathophysiological processes limit the effectiveness of many clinical treatments. Mitochondria has been reported to play a key role in the pathogenesis of SCI; while mitophagy is a protective mechanism against mitochondrial dysfunction. However, there is recently little drugs that may targeted activate mitophagy to treat SCI. In this study, we evaluated the role of 20-Deoxyingenol (20-DOI) in SCI and explored its potential mechanisms. We used a SCI rat model and evaluated the functional outcomes after the injury. Western blotting and immunofluorescence techniques were used to analyze the levels of mitophagy, apoptosis, and TFEB-related signaling pathways. Our research results show that 20-DOI significantly improves the apoptosis of neural cells after TBHP stimulation and functional recovery after spinal cord injury. In addition, mitophagy, TFEB levels, and apoptosis are related to the mechanism of 20-DOI treatment for spinal cord injury. Specifically, our research results indicate that 20-DOI restored the autophagic flux after injury, thereby inducing mitophagy, eliminating the accumulation of Cyto C, and inhibiting apoptosis. Further mechanism research suggests that 20-DOI may regulate mitophagy by promoting TFEB nuclear translocation. These results indicate that 20-DOI can significantly promote recovery after spinal cord injury, which may be a promising treatment method for spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ximiao Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yekai Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chenchao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China.
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China.
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China.
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China.
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Ning S, Chen Y, Shao J, Zhu H, Zhang Z, Miao J. The effects of acteoside on locomotor recovery after spinal cord injury - The role of autophagy and apoptosis signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116607. [PMID: 38692056 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
In the current study, we investigated the effects of acteoside as a phenylpropanoid glycoside on interaction with neurons to assesses locomotor recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats by focusing on evaluating the factors involved in autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress processes. 49 Spargue-Dawley rats were prepared and divided into seven healthy and SCI groups receiving different concentrations of acteoside. After 28 days of disease induction and treatment with acteoside, a BBB score test was used to evaluate locomotor activity. Then, by preparing spinal cord cell homogenates, the expression levels of MAP1LC3A, MAP-2, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Nrf2, Keap-1, Caspase 3 (Casp3), Bax, Bcl-2, TNF-a, IL-1B, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. Improvement of locomotor activity in SCI rats receiving acteoside was observed two weeks after the beginning of the experiment and continued until the fourth week. Both MAP1LC3A and MAP-2 were significantly up-regulated in SCI rats treated with acteoside compared to untreated SCI rats, and GFAP levels were significantly decreased in these animals. Pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Casp3 and anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 were down-regulated and up-regulated, respectively, in SCI rats receiving acteoside. In addition, a significant downregulation of iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-1β and a decrease in contents of both ROS and MDA as well as increases in Nrf2 and Keap-1 were seen in rats receiving acteoside. Furthermore, acteoside strongly interacted with MAP1LC3A, TNF-α, and Casp3 targets with binding affinities of -8.3 kcal/mol, -8.3 kcal/mol, and -8.5 kcal/mol, respectively, determined by molecular docking studies. In general, it can be concluded that acteoside has protective effects in SCI and can be considered as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of this disease. However, more studies, especially clinical studies, are needed in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanglong Ning
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Jia Shao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300000, China
| | - Zepei Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Jun Miao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300211, China.
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8
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Mishra AK, S L N, Jain A, Jagtap CY, Dane G, Paroha S, Sahoo PK. Effectiveness of Semecarpus anacardium Linn. fruits in cancer and inflammatory diseases: A mini review. Fitoterapia 2024; 175:105978. [PMID: 38685508 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.105978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Semecarpus anacardium Linn. (SCA) fruits are found in India's sub-Himalayan, tropical, and central regions and have been utilized for centuries in traditional Indian medicine to treat various ailments. In recent times, a growing body of research has emerged indicating that the extracts and active components found in SCA fruits possess qualities that can potentially inhibit the development of cancer and inflammatory markers. PURPOSE This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of the existing literature on the pharmacological mechanisms underlying the effects of extracts and phytochemicals of SCA fruits in cellular, animal models, and clinical trials of cancer and inflammatory diseases. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted utilizing several databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, preprint platforms, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews using the keywords "Semecarpus anacardium", "Anti-inflammatory," and "cancer". The collection of articles started with establishing the database and continued until April 2024. RESULTS Out of 1130 retrieved database records, 316 pertained to systematic reviews. The remaining 814 records focused on examining the anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties of SCA fruits. In the course of these investigations, the four primary cancer types linked to SCA fruits are identified as lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, and blood cancer. CONCLUSION The findings will provide more support for investigating SCA fruits in cancer treatment and will furnish thorough reference data and recommendations for future studies on this botanical medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Kumar Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (DIPSAR), Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Neha S L
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (DIPSAR), Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Ankit Jain
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani (BITS-PILANI), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333001, India
| | | | - Ganesh Dane
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, 284003, India
| | - Shweta Paroha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (DIPSAR), Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Pravat Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (DIPSAR), Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, 110017, India.
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9
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Song Q, Cui Q, Sun S, Wang Y, Yuan Y, Zhang L. Crosstalk Between Cell Death and Spinal Cord Injury: Neurology and Therapy. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04188-3. [PMID: 38713439 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04188-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) often leads to neurological dysfunction, and neuronal cell death is one of the main causes of neurological dysfunction. After SCI, in addition to necrosis, programmed cell death (PCD) occurs in nerve cells. At first, studies recognized only necrosis, apoptosis, and autophagy. In recent years, researchers have identified new forms of PCD, including pyroptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, and cuproptosis. Related studies have confirmed that all of these cell death modes are involved in various phases of SCI and affect the direction of the disease through different mechanisms and pathways. Furthermore, regulating neuronal cell death after SCI through various means has been proven to be beneficial for the recovery of neural function. In recent years, emerging therapies for SCI have also provided new potential methods to restore neural function. Thus, the relationship between SCI and cell death plays an important role in the occurrence and development of SCI. This review summarizes and generalizes the relevant research results on neuronal necrosis, apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, and cuproptosis after SCI to provide a new understanding of neuronal cell death after SCI and to aid in the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Song
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110134, Liaoning, China
| | - Qian Cui
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110134, Liaoning, China
| | - Shi Sun
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110134, Liaoning, China
| | - Yashi Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110134, Liaoning, China
| | - Yin Yuan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110134, Liaoning, China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110134, Liaoning, China.
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10
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Cheng LF, You CQ, Peng C, Ren JJ, Guo K, Liu TL. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as a new drug carrier for the treatment of spinal cord injury: A review. Chin J Traumatol 2024; 27:134-146. [PMID: 38570272 PMCID: PMC11138942 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating traumatic disease seriously impairing the quality of life in patients. Expectations to allow the hopeless central nervous system to repair itself after injury are unfeasible. Developing new approaches to regenerate the central nervous system is still the priority. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-Exo) have been proven to robustly quench the inflammatory response or oxidative stress and curb neuronal apoptosis and autophagy following SCI, which are the key processes to rescue damaged spinal cord neurons and restore their functions. Nonetheless, MSC-Exo in SCI received scant attention. In this review, we reviewed our previous work and other studies to summarize the roles of MSC-Exo in SCI and its underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, we also focus on the application of exosomes as drug carrier in SCI. In particular, it combs the advantages of exosomes as a drug carrier for SCI, imaging advantages, drug types, loading methods, etc., which provides the latest progress for exosomes in the treatment of SCI, especially drug carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Fei Cheng
- Medical College, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232000, Anhui province, China
| | - Chao-Qun You
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Jia-Ji Ren
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Central Hospital of Shanghai Putuo District, Shanghai, 200333, China
| | - Tie-Long Liu
- Medical College, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232000, Anhui province, China.
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11
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Zhang L, Liu J, Liu M. Transsynaptic degeneration of ventral horn motor neurons exists but plays a minor role in lower motor system dysfunction in acute ischemic rats. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298006. [PMID: 38669239 PMCID: PMC11051614 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a leading cause of mortality and long-term disability, acute ischemic stroke can produce far-reaching pathophysiological consequences. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated abnormalities in the lower motor system following stroke, while the existence of Transsynaptic degeneration of contralateral spinal cord ventral horn (VH) neurons is still debated. METHODS Using a rat model of acute ischemic stroke, we analyzed spinal cord VH neuron counts contralaterally and ipsilaterally after stroke with immunofluorescence staining. Furthermore, we estimated the overall lower motor unit abnormalities after stroke by simultaneously measuring the modified neurological severity score (mNSS), compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude, repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS), spinal cord VH neuron counts, and the corresponding muscle fiber morphology. The activation status of microglia and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) in the spinal cord VH was also assessed. RESULTS At 7 days after stroke, the contralateral CMAP amplitudes declined to a nadir indicating lower motor function damage, and significant muscle disuse atrophy was observed on the same side; meanwhile, the VH neurons remained intact. At 14 days after focal stroke, lower motor function recovered with alleviated muscle disuse atrophy, while transsynaptic degeneration occurred on the contralateral side with elevated activation of ERK 1/2, along with the occurrence of neurogenic muscle atrophy. No apparent decrement of CMAP amplitude was observed with RNS during the whole experimental process. CONCLUSIONS This study offered an overview of changes in the lower motor system in experimental ischemic rats. We demonstrated that transsynaptic degeneration of contralateral VH neurons occurred when lower motor function significantly recovered, which indicated the minor role of transsynaptic degeneration in lower motor dysfunction during the acute and subacute phases of focal ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingsheng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Wisnu Wardhana DP, Maliawan S, Bagus Mahadewa TG, Islam AA, Jawi IM, Wiradewi Lestari AA, Kamasan Nyoman Arijana IG, Rosyidi RM, Wiranata S. Effects of Moleac 901 after severe spinal cord injury on chronic phase in Wistar rats. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28522. [PMID: 38601579 PMCID: PMC11004522 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background MLC901 is a phytopharmaceutical comprising significant compounds that can induce microenvironments conducive to the proliferation and specialization of neural cell progenitors. This study investigates the impact of administering MLC901, reducing the expression of NG2 and caspase-3 and increasing IL-10 levels, as well as histopathological and motor function, after severe spinal cord injury (SCI) in the chronic phase. Methods The study employed a randomized post-test-only control group design conducted between February and April 2023 at the Integrated Biomedical Laboratory. The participants in this study were categorized into three distinct groups: normal control, negative control, and therapy. A cohort of 18 rats was utilized for the study, with each group assigned a random allocation of six rats as subjects. Results The findings demonstrated a statistically significant disparity in the average NG2 expression (-52.00 ± 20.03; p ≤ 0.05), as well as Caspase-3 expression (-94.89 ± 8.57; p ≤ 0.05), which exhibited a lower magnitude. The levels of IL-10 (8.96 ± 3.98; p ≤ 0.05) were observed to be higher, along with an elevation in BBB score (7.67 ± 0.89; p ≤ 0.05), which was more pronounced in the treatment group compared to the negative control group. The cut-off point for cavitation diameter is determined to be 114.915 μm, exhibiting a sensitivity and specificity of 100%. The area under curve (AUC) value is 1.0. The administration of MLC901 demonstrated a strong positive correlation with the increase in IL-10 levels (B 8.968; p ≤ 0.05), as well as a substantial negative correlation with the decrease in Caspase-3 expression (B -52.000; p ≤ 0.05) and NG2 expression (B -94.892; p ≤ 0.05). The administration of MLC901 via the upregulation of NG2 and Caspase-3 significantly increased the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scores. Conclusions MLC901 positively affects motor and histopathological outcomes in the chronic phase of severe SCI in the Wistar rat model. These benefits are believed to be achieved by suppressing gliosis, neuroapoptosis, and neuroinflammation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewa Putu Wisnu Wardhana
- Neurosurgery Division, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Udayana University Hospital, 80361, Badung, Indonesia
| | - Sri Maliawan
- Neurosurgery Division, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital, 80113, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | - Tjokorda Gde Bagus Mahadewa
- Neurosurgery Division, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital, 80113, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | - Andi Asadul Islam
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, 90245, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - I Made Jawi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, 80232, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | - Anak Agung Wiradewi Lestari
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital, 80113, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | | | - Rohadi Muhammad Rosyidi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of Mataram University, West Nusa Tenggara General Hospital, 84371, Mataram, Indonesia
| | - Sinta Wiranata
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, 80232, Denpasar, Indonesia
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Wang Y, Chai YQ, Cai J, Huang SS, Wang YF, Yuan SS, Wang JL, Shi KQ, Deng JJ. Human Adipose Tissue Lysate-Based Hydrogel for Lasting Immunomodulation to Effectively Improve Spinal Cord Injury Repair. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304318. [PMID: 38018305 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The long-term inflammatory microenvironment is one of the main obstacles to inhibit acute spinal cord injury (SCI) repair. The natural adipose tissue-derived extracellular matrix hydrogel shows effective anti-inflammatory regulation because of its unique protein components. However, the rapid degradation rate and removal of functional proteins during the decellularization process impair the lasting anti-inflammation function of the adipose tissue-derived hydrogel. To address this problem, adipose tissue lysate provides an effective way for SCI repair due to its abundance of anti-inflammatory and nerve regeneration-related proteins. Thereby, human adipose tissue lysate-based hydrogel (HATLH) with an appropriate degradation rate is developed, which aims to in situ long-term recruit and induce anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages through sustainedly released proteins. HATLH can recruit and polarize M2 macrophages while inhibiting pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages regardless of human or mouse-originated. The axonal growth of neuronal cells also can be effectively improved by HATLH and HATLH-induced M2 macrophages. In vivo experiments reveal that HATLH promotes endogenous M2 macrophages infiltration in large numbers (3.5 × 105/100 µL hydrogel) and maintains a long duration for over a month. In a mouse SCI model, HATLH significantly inhibits local inflammatory response, improves neuron and oligodendrocyte differentiation, enhances axonal growth and remyelination, as well as accelerates neurological function restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
- Department of Orthopedics (Spine Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Hospital Emergency and Process Digitization, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Ying-Qian Chai
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Jie Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Shan-Shan Huang
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Ye-Feng Wang
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
- Department of Orthopedics (Spine Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Shan-Shan Yuan
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Ji-Long Wang
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Ke-Qing Shi
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Jun-Jie Deng
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
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Hersh AM, Weber-Levine C, Jiang K, Theodore N. Spinal Cord Injury: Emerging Technologies. Neurosurg Clin N Am 2024; 35:243-251. [PMID: 38423740 DOI: 10.1016/j.nec.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The mainstay of treatment for spinal cord injury includes decompressive laminectomy and elevation of mean arterial pressure. However, outcomes often remain poor. Extensive research and ongoing clinical trials seek to design new treatment options for spinal cord injury, including stem cell therapy, scaffolds, brain-spine interfaces, exoskeletons, epidural electrical stimulation, ultrasound, and cerebrospinal fluid drainage. Some of these treatments are targeted at the initial acute window of injury, during which secondary damage occurs; others are designed to help patients living with chronic injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Hersh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. https://twitter.com/AndrewMHersh
| | - Carly Weber-Levine
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Kelly Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. https://twitter.com/kellyjjiang
| | - Nicholas Theodore
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Meyer 7-113, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Orthopaedic Surgery & Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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15
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Yafeng F, Xinpeng S, Rong W, Guofeng C. Omilancor mitigates the senescence of nucleus pulposus cells induced by DDP through targeting MAP2K6. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:5050-5064. [PMID: 38517363 PMCID: PMC11006466 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study explores the potential of Omilancor in treating Intervertebral Disc Degeneration (IDD) through MAP2K6 targeting. METHODS We analyzed mRNA microarray datasets to pinpoint MAP2K6 as a key regulator implicated in IDD progression. Follow-up studies demonstrated that cisplatin (DDP) could prompt cellular senescence in vitro by upregulating MAP2K6 expression. Through molecular docking and other analyses, we identified Omilancor as a compound capable of binding to MAP2K6. This interaction effectively impeded the cellular senescence induced by DDP. RESULTS We further showed that administration of Omilancor could significantly alleviate the degeneration of IVDs in annulus fibrosus puncture-induced rat model. CONCLUSIONS Omilancor shows promise as a treatment for IDD by targeting MAP2K6-mediated cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yafeng
- Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Shi Xinpeng
- Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Wei Rong
- Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Cui Guofeng
- Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan, China
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Chen Y, Zhang H, Jiang L, Cai W, Kuang J, Geng Y, Xu H, Li Y, Yang L, Cai Y, Wang X, Xiao J, Ni W, Zhou K. DADLE promotes motor function recovery by inhibiting cytosolic phospholipase A 2 mediated lysosomal membrane permeabilization after spinal cord injury. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:712-734. [PMID: 37766498 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Autophagy is a protective factor for controlling neuronal damage, while necroptosis promotes neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury (SCI). DADLE (D-Ala2 , D-Leu5 ]-enkephalin) is a selective agonist for delta (δ) opioid receptor and has been identified as a promising drug for neuroprotection. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism/s by which DADLE causes locomotor recovery following SCI. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Spinal cord contusion model was used and DADLE was given by i.p. (16 mg·kg-1 ) in mice for following experiments. Motor function was assessed by footprint and Basso mouse scale (BMS) score analysis. Western blotting used to evaluate related protein expression. Immunofluorescence showed the protein expression in each cell and its distribution. Network pharmacology analysis was used to find the related signalling pathways. KEY RESULTS DADLE promoted functional recovery after SCI. In SCI model of mice, DADLE significantly increased autophagic flux and inhibited necroptosis. Concurrently, DADLE restored autophagic flux by decreasing lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP). Additionally, chloroquine administration reversed the protective effect of DADLE to inhibit necroptosis. Further analysis showed that DADLE decreased phosphorylated cPLA2 , overexpression of cPLA2 partially reversed DADLE inhibitory effect on LMP and necroptosis, as well as the promotion autophagy. Finally, AMPK/SIRT1/p38 pathway regulating cPLA2 is involved in the action DADLE on SCI and naltrindole inhibited DADLE action on δ receptor and on AMPK signalling pathway. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATION DADLE causes its neuroprotective effects on SCI by promoting autophagic flux and inhibiting necroptosis by decreasing LMP via activating δ receptor/AMPK/SIRT1/p38/cPLA2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yituo Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haojie Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liting Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wanta Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiaxuan Kuang
- Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yibo Geng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liangliang Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuepiao Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenfei Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kailiang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Zhang Q, Yang C, Gao X, Dong J, Zhong C. Phytochemicals in regulating PD-1/PD-L1 and immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Phytother Res 2024; 38:776-796. [PMID: 38050789 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Clinical treatment and preclinical studies have highlighted the role of immune checkpoint blockade in cancer treatment. Research has been devoted to developing immune checkpoint inhibitors in combination with other drugs to achieve better efficacy or reduce adverse effects. Phytochemicals sourced from vegetables and fruits have demonstrated antiproliferative, proapoptotic, anti-migratory, and antiangiogenic effects against several cancers. Phytochemicals also modulate the tumor microenvironment such as T cells, regulatory T cells, and cytokines. Recently, several phytochemicals have been reported to modulate immune checkpoint proteins in in vivo or in vitro models. Phytochemicals decreased programmed cell death ligand-1 expression and synergized programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody to suppress tumor growth. Combined administration of phytochemicals and PD-1 monoclonal antibody enhanced the tumor growth inhibition as well as CD4+ /CD8+ T-cell infiltration. In this review, we discuss immune checkpoint molecules as potential therapeutic targets of cancers. We further assess the impact of phytochemicals including carotenoids, polyphenols, saponins, and organosulfur compounds on cancer PD-1/programmed cell death ligand-1 immune checkpoint molecules and document their combination effects with immune checkpoint inhibitors on various malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenying Yang
- Yinzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Xingsu Gao
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ju Dong
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Caiyun Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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18
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Wang S, Cheng L. The role of apoptosis in spinal cord injury: a bibliometric analysis from 1994 to 2023. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 17:1334092. [PMID: 38293650 PMCID: PMC10825042 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1334092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Apoptosis after spinal cord injury (SCI) plays a pivotal role in the secondary injury mechanisms, which cause the ultimate neurologic insults. A better understanding of the molecular and cellular basis of apoptosis in SCI allows for improved glial and neuronal survival via the administrations of anti-apoptotic biomarkers. The knowledge structure, development trends, and research hotspots of apoptosis and SCI have not yet been systematically investigated. Methods Articles and reviews on apoptosis and SCI, published from 1st January 1994 to 1st Oct 2023, were retrieved from the Web of Science™. Bibliometrix in R was used to evaluate annual publications, countries, affiliations, authors, sources, documents, key words, and hot topics. Results A total of 3,359 publications in accordance with the criterions were obtained, which exhibited an ascending trend in annual publications. The most productive countries were the USA and China. Journal of Neurotrauma was the most impactive journal; Wenzhou Medical University was the most prolific affiliation; Cuzzocrea S was the most productive and influential author. "Apoptosis," "spinal-cord-injury," "expression," "activation," and "functional recovery" were the most frequent key words. Additionally, "transplantation," "mesenchymal stemness-cells," "therapies," "activation," "regeneration," "repair," "autophagy," "exosomes," "nlrp3 inflammasome," "neuroinflammation," and "knockdown" were the latest emerging key words, which may inform the hottest themes. Conclusions Apoptosis after SCI may cause the ultimate neurological damages. Development of novel treatments for secondary SCI mainly depends on a better understanding of apoptosis-related mechanisms in molecular and cellular levels. Such therapeutic interventions involve the application of anti-apoptotic agents, free radical scavengers, as well as anti-inflammatory drugs, which can be targeted to inhibit core events in cellular and molecular injury cascades pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqiao Wang
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Liming Cheng
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Spinal and Spinal Cord Injury, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Liu G, Deng B, Huo L, Jiang S, Fan X, Mo Y, Ren J, Zhao Y, Xu L, Mu X. Temporal profiling and validation of oxidative stress-related genes in spinal cord injury. Brain Res Bull 2023; 205:110832. [PMID: 38042503 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury (SCI), yet its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we explored the OS phenotype in a rat model of SCI. Subsequently, comprehensive bioinformatic analyses were conducted on microarray data pertaining to SCI (GSE45006). Notably, KEGG enrichment analysis revealed a pronounced enrichment of pivotal pathways, namely MAPK, FoxO, Apoptosis, NF-κB, TNF, HIF-1, and Chemokine across distinct phases of SCI. Furthermore, GO enrichment analysis highlighted the significance of biological processes including response to hypoxia, response to decrease oxygen levels, response to reactive oxygen species, cellular response to oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species metabolic process, and regulation of neuron death in the context of OS following SCI. Notably, our study underscores the prominence of nine genes, namely Itgb1, Itgam, Fn1, Icam1, Cd44, Cxcr4, Ptprc, Tlr4, and Tlr2 as OS key genes in SCI, consistently expressed in both the acute phase (1, 3, 7 days) and sub-acute phase (14 days). Subsequently, the relative mRNA expression of these key genes in different time points (1, 3, 7, 14 days) post-SCI. Finally, leveraging the DsigDB database, we predicted ten potential compounds potentially targeting OS and facilitating the repair of SCI, thus providing novel insights into the mechanisms underlying OS and identifying potential therapeutic targets for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Bowen Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Luyao Huo
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Shengyuan Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiao Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yanjun Mo
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jingpei Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Xiaohong Mu
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China.
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20
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Gulia S, Chandra P, Das A. The Prognosis of Cancer Depends on the Interplay of Autophagy, Apoptosis, and Anoikis within the Tumor Microenvironment. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023; 81:621-658. [PMID: 37787970 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01179-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Within the tumor microenvironment, the fight between the immune system and cancer influences tumor transformation. Metastasis formation is an important stage in the progression of cancer. This process is aided by cellular detachment and resistance to anoikis, which are achieved by altering intercellular signaling. Autophagy, specifically pro-survival autophagy, aids cancer cells in developing treatment resistance. Numerous studies have shown that autophagy promotes tumor growth and resistance to anoikis. To regulate protective autophagy, cancer-related genes phosphorylate both pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins. Apoptosis, a type of controlled cell death, eliminates damaged or unwanted cells. Anoikis is a type of programmed cell death in which cells lose contact with the extracellular matrix. The dysregulation of these cellular pathways promotes tumor growth and spread. Apoptosis, anoikis, and autophagy interact meticulously and differently depending on the cellular circumstances. For instance, autophagy can protect cancer cells from apoptosis by removing cellular components that are damaged and might otherwise trigger apoptotic pathways. Similarly, anoikis dysregulation can trigger autophagy by causing cellular harm and metabolic stress. In order to prevent or treat metastatic disease, specifically, targeting these cellular mechanisms may present a promising prospect for cancer therapy. This review discourses the state of our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying tumor transformation and the establishment of metastatic tumors. To enhance the prognosis for cancer, we highlight and discuss potential therapeutic approaches that target these processes and genes involved in them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Gulia
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Prakash Chandra
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Asmita Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India.
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21
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Li K, Liu Z, Wu P, Chen S, Wang M, Liu W, Zhang L, Guo S, Liu Y, Liu P, Zhang B, Tao L, Ding H, Qian H, Fu Q. Micro electrical fields induced MSC-sEVs attenuate neuronal cell apoptosis by activating autophagy via lncRNA MALAT1/miR-22-3p/SIRT1/AMPK axis in spinal cord injury. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:451. [PMID: 38012570 PMCID: PMC10680254 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02217-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a traumatic condition of the central nervous system that causes paralysis of the limbs. Micro electric fields (EF) have been implicated in a novel therapeutic approach for nerve injury repair and regeneration, but the effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles that are induced by micro electric fields (EF-sEVs) stimulation on SCI remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether EF-sEVs have therapeutic effects a rat model of SCI. EF-sEVs and normally conditioned human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells-derived small extracellular vesicles (CON-sEVs) were collected and injected intralesionally into SCI model rats to evaluate the therapeutic effects. We detect the expression of candidate long noncoding RNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (lncRNA-MALAT1) in EF-sEVs and CON-sEVs. The targets and downstream effectors of lncRNA-MALAT1 were investigated using luciferase reporter assays. Using both in vivo and in vitro experiments, we demonstrated that EF-sEVs increased autophagy and decreased apoptosis after SCI, which promoted the recovery of motor function. We further confirmed that the neuroprotective effects of EF-sEVs in vitro and in vivo correlated with the presence of encapsulated lncRNA-MALAT1 in sEVs. lncRNA-MALAT1 targeted miR-22-3p via sponging, reducing miR-22-3p's suppressive effects on its target, SIRT1, and this translated into AMPK phosphorylation and increased levels of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. Collectively, the present study identified that the lncRNA-MALAT1 in EF-sEVs plays a neuroprotective role via the miRNA-22-3p/SIRT1/AMPK axis and offers a fresh perspective and a potential therapeutic approach using sEVs to improve SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Peipei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Shenyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenhui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Leilei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Song Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Yanbin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Pengcheng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Beiting Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Lin Tao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Dehong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dehong, 678400, Yunnan, China
| | - Hua Ding
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hui Qian
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China.
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22
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Zhou Z, Zhang P. Formononetin ameliorates the LPS-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis of neuronal cells via NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:321. [PMID: 37847432 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01247-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of formononetin on cellular apoptosis and inflammatory responses following spinal cord injury (SCI), as well as the underlying mechanisms involved. In this study, PC12 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and different concentrations of Formononetin (FT) (50 μM, 100 μM, 200 μM). To confirm the effect of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathways, the cells in the phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) group were treated with 0.1 μmol/L PMA (NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway activators). The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentration and cell viability, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) fluorescence intensity, and cell apoptosis were determined using an LDH kit, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-16 (IL-6) expression levels were detected by quantitative ELISA assay. The expression of proteins related to the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway was detected by western blotting. Our results showed that LPS increased LDH levels in PC12 cells, suggesting that inflammation caused PC12 cell damage. However, the PC12 cell damage was decreased by methylprednisolone. Formononetin promotes cell survival and proliferation, and prevents apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. Formononetin reduced the TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels in the LPS-treated model. Moreover, formononetin decreased the levels of p-p65 NF-κB and NLRP3 in PC12 cells. We conclude that formononetin ameliorated the inflammatory response and apoptosis in LPS-induced inflammatory injury in neuronal cells via the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijing Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic, Lianyungang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang Middle Road No. 160, Haizhou District, Lianyungang, 222004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic, Lianyungang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang Middle Road No. 160, Haizhou District, Lianyungang, 222004, Jiangsu, China.
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23
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Sur A, Iflazoglu Mutlu S, Tatli Seven P, Seven I, Aslan A, Kizil M, Kulaksiz R, Yaranoglu MH, Esen S. Effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on side effects of high-dose methylprednisolone administration in male rats. Toxicol Res 2023; 39:749-759. [PMID: 37779581 PMCID: PMC10541365 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-023-00196-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) against the side effects of high-dose administration of methylprednisolone (MP) in male rats. A total of 32 adult Wistar male albino rats were divided into four groups: (1) control (CON), received standard food only; (2) MP, received standard food + intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg MP on day 7; (3) GSPE, received standard food + 200 mg/kg/day GSPE; and (4) MP + GSPE, received standard food + 200 mg/kg/day of GSPE + intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg MP on day 7. All animals in the GSPE and GSPE + MP groups were treated once a day by oral gavage for 14 consecutive days. The feed intake of rats in the MP and MP + GSPE groups decreased significantly by 24.14% and 13.52%, respectively (p < 0.05). Administration of MP resulted in significant increases in serum concentrations of blood urea nitrogen (p < 0.001), glucose (p < 0.01), alkaline phosphatase, and adrenocorticotropic hormone (p < 0.05). High-dose MP administration significantly reduced catalase (p < 0.001) and glutathione peroxidase (p < 0.05) concentrations in the liver and kidney tissues of rats, while glutathione concentrations were only reduced in liver tissue (p < 0.05). The expression levels of Bcl-2 and TNF-α in liver, kidney, and testicular tissue were significantly increased, while the expression levels of caspase-3 were reduced (p < 0.001). Furthermore, sperm concentration was significantly affected by GSPE in rats induced by high-dose MP, and sperm loss was significantly reduced in MP + GSPE (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that GSPE could be useful as a supplement to alleviate MP-induced toxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslihan Sur
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Vocational School of Kepsut, Balikesir University, 10000 Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Seda Iflazoglu Mutlu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
| | - Pinar Tatli Seven
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ismail Seven
- Department of Plant and Animal Production, Vocational School of Sivrice, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Aslan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
| | - Meltem Kizil
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
| | - Recai Kulaksiz
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Balikesir University, 10000 Balikesir, Turkey
| | | | - Selim Esen
- Balikesir Directorate of Provincial Agriculture and Forestry, Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, 10470 Balikesir, Turkey
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24
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Li C, Shen W, Xu Z, Li C, Liu Q, Pang Y, Li J, Wang X, Wang Z, Feng S. The discovery of the new mechanism: Celastrol improves spinal cord injury by increasing cAMP through VIP-ADCYAP1R1-GNAS pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115250. [PMID: 37531781 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition that results in significant impairment of motor function and sensation. Despite the ongoing efforts to develop effective treatments, there are currently very limited options available for patients with SCI. Celastrol, a natural anti-inflammatory compound extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii, has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. In this study, we aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of celastrol for SCI and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms involved. We found that local tissue often experiences a significant decrease in cAMP content and occurrs apoptosis after SCI. However, the treatment of celastrol could promote the production of cAMP by up-regulating the VIP-ADCYAP1R1-GNAS pathway. This could effectively inhibit the phosphorylation of JNK and prevent apoptosis, ultimately improving the exercise ability after SCI. Together, our results reveal celastrol may be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanhao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Wenyuan Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Spine Surgery Department of the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, Shandong 250033, China
| | - Zhengyu Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Quan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yilin Pang
- Department of Orthopedics, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Junjin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Zhishuo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Shiqing Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China; Spine Surgery Department of the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, Shandong 250033, China; Orthopedic Research Center of Shandong University &Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250063, China.
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25
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Qiao L, Tang Q, An Z, Qi J. Minocycline relieves neuropathic pain in rats with spinal cord injury via activation of autophagy and suppression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. J Pharmacol Sci 2023; 153:12-21. [PMID: 37524449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we studied whether minocycline hydrochloride improved neuropathic pain induced by spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats through PI3K/Akt pathway. METHODS The SCI was induced by compressed at level of T9-T11 of spinal cord in Sprague Dawley male rats. Animals were given different concentrations of minocycline (3 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, 90 mg/kg) at the first and 24 h after SCI, then subsequently every 7, 12, 16, 20, 25 days via peroral route. The locomotor function was assessed by Basso Mouse Scale (BMS). The changes of spinal cord tissues were observed by HE. The inflammatory cytokines in spinal cord, IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α, were measured by ELISA. The LC3B levels of spinal cord were observed by immunofluorescence. The autophagy related proteins and PI3K/AKT pathway related proteins were analysed by Western blot. Furthermore, the PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitor LY294002, and activator IGF-1 were used to confirm the mechanism of minocycline. RESULTS Contrasted to sham group, the inflammatory response in spinal cord was enhanced after SCI. Compared with the SCI rats, minocycline treatment significantly improved the locomotor activity, pathological injury of spinal cord, suppressed the levels of inflammatory factors. In addition, minocycline treatment upregulated autophagy response in damaged spinal cord through increasing LC3B, Beclin-1 and decreasing P62. The results of mechanism study showed that minocycline treatment clearly suppressed phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt and mTOR proteins expression. CONCLUSION Minocycline could improve neuropathic pain induced by SCI through activating autophagy and inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyan Qiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Qian Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Zhongzhe An
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, China.
| | - Jun Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, China.
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Hajisoltani R, Taghizadeh M, Hamblin MR, Ramezani F. Could conditioned medium be used instead of stem cell transplantation to repair spinal cord injury in animal models? Identifying knowledge gaps. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2023; 82:753-759. [PMID: 37535839 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlad053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The drawbacks of stem cell (SC) therapies have led to investigations of SC conditioned medium (CM) instead of SC transplantation in the repair of spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the effectiveness of CM in comparison with cell transplantation in SCI models remain an open and intriguing question. The focus of this review was to survey existing publications addressing this comparison. The review included articles from electronic databases Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science that included comparisons of the effects of CM versus SC transplantation and versus controls on locomotion after SCI. The search yielded 5 studies and 6 experiments. The results indicated that there was insufficient evidence to conclude that treatment with CM and source cells were equally effective (SMD = 0.12; 95% CI = -0.36 to 0.59; p = 0.07). Regarding investigations of separate effects of SCs versus CM, there currently is limited evidence on efficacy in SCI models. This highlights a notable concern affecting this field. Thus, we identified critical knowledge gaps concerning comparisons of the efficacy of therapeutic application of SC and their derived CM on functional recovery following SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Hajisoltani
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Taghizadeh
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Xu P, Li TT, Wang BC, Yi YJ, Zhang WC, Sun GD, Zhang Y, Li ZZ. Supramolecular assemblies with spatio-temporal sequential drug delivery capability treat spinal cord injury via neuroprotection and immunoregulation. J Control Release 2023; 360:528-548. [PMID: 37433370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) can result in irreversible motor and sensory deficits. However, up to data, clinical first-line drugs have ambiguous benefits and debilitating side effects, mainly due to the insufficient accumulation, poor physiological barrier penetration, and lack of spatio-temporal controlled release at lesion tissue. Herein, we proposed a supramolecular assemblies composed of hyperbranched polymer-formed core/shell structure through host-guest interactions. Such HPAA-BM@CD-HPG-C assemblies co-loaded with p38 inhibitor (SB203580) and insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) are able to achieve time- and space-programmed sequential delivery benefiting from their cascaded responsiveness. The core-shell disassembly of HPAA-BM@CD-HPG-C occurs in acidic micro-environment around lesion, achieving preferentially the burst release of IGF-1 to protect survival neurons. Subsequently, the HPAA-BM cores containing SB203580 are endocytosed by the recruited macrophages and degraded by intracellular GSH, accelerating the release of SB203580 to promote the conversion from M1 to M2 macrophage. Hence, the successive synergy of neuroprotection and immunoregulation effects contribute to subsequent nerve repair and locomotor recovery as demonstrated in vitro and in vivo studies. Thus, our fabrication provides a strategy that multiple drugs co-delivery in a spatio-temporal selective manner adapting to the disease progression through self-cascaded disintegration, are expected to realize multidimensional precise treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 601 West Whampoa Avenue, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Tian-Tian Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, 601 West Whampoa Avenue, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bin-Chen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, 601 West Whampoa Avenue, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yong-Jun Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 601 West Whampoa Avenue, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Wen-Cai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 601 West Whampoa Avenue, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Guo-Dong Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 601 West Whampoa Avenue, Guangzhou 510000, China; Key Laboratory of Guangdong Spine and Spinal Cord Reconstruction, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Yingke Avenue, Heyuan City 517000, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, 601 West Whampoa Avenue, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Zhi-Zhong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, 601 West Whampoa Avenue, Guangzhou 510000, China; Key Laboratory of Guangdong Spine and Spinal Cord Reconstruction, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Yingke Avenue, Heyuan City 517000, China.
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Gravandi MM, Abdian S, Tahvilian M, Iranpanah A, Moradi SZ, Fakhri S, Echeverría J. Therapeutic targeting of Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway by natural products: A systematic and mechanistic approach for neurodegeneration. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 115:154821. [PMID: 37119761 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple dysregulated pathways are behind the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs); however, the crucial targets are still unknown. Oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammation are the most dominant pathways that strongly influence neurodegeneration. In this way, targeting the Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathway appears to be a developing strategy for combating NDDs like Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, aging, and other NDDs. Accordingly, plant secondary metabolites have shown promising potentials for the simultaneous modulation of the Ras/Raf/MAPKs pathway and play an essential role in NDDs. MAPKs include p38 MAPK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which are important molecular players in neurodegeneration. Ras/Raf, which is located the upstream of MAPK pathway influences the initiation and progression of neurodegeneration and is regulated by natural products. PURPOSE Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective roles of plant- and marine-derived secondary metabolites against several NDDs through the modulation of the Ras/Raf/MAPK signaling pathway. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A systematic and comprehensive review was performed to highlight the modulatory roles of natural products on the Ras/Raf/MAPK signaling pathway in NDDs, according to the PRISMA guideline, using scholarly electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences. Associated reference lists were also searched for the literature review. RESULTS From a total of 1495 results, finally 107 articles were included in the present study. The results show that several natural compounds such as alkaloid, phenolic, terpenoids, and nanoformulation were shown to have modulatory effects on the Ras/Raf/MAPKs pathway. CONCLUSION Natural products are promising multi-targeted agents with on NDDs through Ras/Raf/MAPKs pathway. Nevertheless, additional and complementary studies are necessary to check its efficacy and potential side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sadaf Abdian
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Maedeh Tahvilian
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amin Iranpanah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile.
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Du Y, Cai X. Therapeutic potential of natural compounds from herbs and nutraceuticals in spinal cord injury: Regulation of the mTOR signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114905. [PMID: 37207430 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disease in which the spinal cord is subjected to various external forces that cause it to burst, shift, or, in severe cases, injure the spinal tissue, resulting in nerve injury. SCI includes not only acute primary injury but also delayed and persistent spinal tissue injury (i.e., secondary injury). The pathological changes post-SCI are complex, and effective clinical treatment strategies are lacking. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) coordinates the growth and metabolism of eukaryotic cells in response to various nutrients and growth factors. The mTOR signaling pathway has multiple roles in the pathogenesis of SCI. There is evidence for the beneficial effects of natural compounds and nutraceuticals that regulate the mTOR signaling pathways in a variety of diseases. Therefore, the effects of natural compounds on the pathogenesis of SCI were evaluated by a comprehensive review using electronic databases, such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Medline, combined with our expertise in neuropathology. In particular, we reviewed the pathogenesis of SCI, including the importance of secondary nerve injury after the primary mechanical injury, the roles of the mTOR signaling pathways, and the beneficial effects and mechanisms of natural compounds that regulate the mTOR signaling pathway on pathological changes post-SCI, including effects on inflammation, neuronal apoptosis, autophagy, nerve regeneration, and other pathways. This recent research highlights the value of natural compounds in regulating the mTOR pathway, providing a basis for developing novel therapeutic strategies for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Du
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Xue Cai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
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Pu PM, Li ZY, Dai YX, Sun YL, Wang YJ, Cui XJ, Yao M. Analysis of gene expression profiles and experimental validations of a rat chronic cervical cord compression model. Neurochem Int 2023:105564. [PMID: 37286109 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a severe non-traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) wherein the spinal canal and cervical cord are compressed due to the degeneration of cervical tissues. To explore the mechanism of CSM, the ideal model of chronic cervical cord compression in rats was constructed by embedding a polyvinyl alcohol polyacrylamide hydrogel in lamina space. Then, the RNA sequencing technology was used to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and enriched pathways among intact and compressed spinal cords. A total of 444 DEGs were filtered out based on the value of log2(Compression/Sham); these were associated with IL-17, PI3K-AKT, TGF-β, and Hippo signaling pathways according to the GSEA, KEGG, and GO analyses. Transmission electron microscopy indicated the changes in mitochondrial morphology. Western blot and immunofluorescent staining revealed neuronal apoptosis, astrogliosis and microglial neuroinflammation in the lesion area. Specifically, the expression of apoptotic indicators, such as Bax and cleaved caspase-3, and inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, were upregulated. The activation of IL-17 signaling pathways was observed in microglia instead of neurons or astrocytes, the activation of TGF-β and inhibition of Hippo signaling pathways were detected in astrocytes instead of neurons or microglia, and the inhibition of PI3K-AKT signaling pathway was discovered in neurons rather than microglia of astrocytes in the lesion area. In conclusion, this study indicated that neuronal apoptosis was accompanied by inhibiting of the PI3K-AKT pathway. Then, the activation of microglia IL-17 pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome effectuated the neuroinflammation, and astrogliosis was ascribed to the activation of TGF-β and the inhibition of the Hippo pathway in the chronic cervical cord of compression. Therefore, therapeutic methods targeting these pathways in nerve cells could be promising CSM treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Min Pu
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zhuo-Yao Li
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Yu-Xiang Dai
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Yue-Li Sun
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Yong-Jun Wang
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Xue-Jun Cui
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Min Yao
- Spine Disease Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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He X, Guo X, Deng B, Kang J, Liu W, Zhang G, Wang Y, Yang Y, Kang X. HSPA1A ameliorated spinal cord injury in rats by inhibiting apoptosis to exert neuroprotective effects. Exp Neurol 2023; 361:114301. [PMID: 36538982 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is a serious nervous system insult, and apoptosis in secondary injury is an important barrier to recovery from TSCI. Heat shock protein family A member 1A (HSPA1A) is a protective protein whose expression is elevated after stress. However, whether HSPA1A can inhibit apoptosis after spinal cord injury, and the potential mechanism of this inhibition, remain unclear. In this study, we established in vivo and in vitro models of TSCI and induced HSPA1A overexpression and silencing. HSPA1A upregulation promoted the recovery of neurological function and pathological morphology at the injury site, enhanced neurological cell survival, and inhibited apoptosis in rats following TSCI. In the in vitro model, HSPA1A overexpression inhibited H2O2-induced apoptosis, indicating that HSPA1A suppressed the expression of Bax, caspase-9, and cleaved-caspase-3, promoted the expression of Bcl-2. Furthermore, inhibition of HSPA1A expression can aggravate H2O2-induced apoptosis. We also found that HSPA1A overexpression activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and that inhibition of this pathway attenuated the inhibitory effect of HSPA1A overexpression on apoptosis. Together, these results indicate that HSPA1A has neuroprotective effects against TSCI that may be exerted through activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to inhibit apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuegang He
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; The International Cooperation Base of Gansu Province for the Pain Research in Spinal Disorders, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xudong Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; The International Cooperation Base of Gansu Province for the Pain Research in Spinal Disorders, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bo Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jihe Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; The International Cooperation Base of Gansu Province for the Pain Research in Spinal Disorders, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenzhao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; The International Cooperation Base of Gansu Province for the Pain Research in Spinal Disorders, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guangzhi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; The International Cooperation Base of Gansu Province for the Pain Research in Spinal Disorders, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; The International Cooperation Base of Gansu Province for the Pain Research in Spinal Disorders, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; The International Cooperation Base of Gansu Province for the Pain Research in Spinal Disorders, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuewen Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; The International Cooperation Base of Gansu Province for the Pain Research in Spinal Disorders, Lanzhou, China.
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Fang S, Tang H, Li MZ, Chu JJ, Yin ZS, Jia QY. Identification of the CCL2 PI3K/Akt axis involved in autophagy and apoptosis after spinal cord injury. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:1335-1349. [PMID: 36795287 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01181-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neurological disease with no cure that usually results in irreversible loss of sensory and voluntary motor functions below the injury site. We conducted an in-depth bioinformatics analysis combining the gene expression omnibus spinal cord injury database and the autophagy database and found that the expression of the autophagy gene CCL2 was significantly upregulated and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway was activated after SCI. The results of the bioinformatics analysis were verified by constructing animal and cellular models of SCI. We then used small interfering RNA to inhibit the expression of CCL2 and PI3K to inhibit and activate the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway; western blot, immunofluorescence, monodansylcadaverine, and cell flow techniques were used to detect the expression of key proteins involved in downstream autophagy and apoptosis. We found that when PI3K inhibitors were activated, apoptosis decreased, the levels of autophagy-positive proteins LC3-I/LC3-II and Bcl-1 increased, the levels of autophagy-negative protein P62 decreased, the levels of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and caspase-3 decreased, the levels of the apoptosis-inhibiting protein Bcl-2 increased. In contrast, when a PI3K activator was used, autophagy was inhibited, and apoptosis was increased. This study revealed the effect of CCL2 on autophagy and apoptosis after SCI through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. By blocking the expression of the autophagy-related gene CCL2, the autophagic protective response can be activated, and apoptosis can be inhibited, which may be a promising strategy for the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Fang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hefei hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Guang De Road, 230011, Hefei, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, #218 Jixi Road, 230022, Hefei, China
| | - Ming-Zhi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, #218 Jixi Road, 230022, Hefei, China
- Department of Orthopedics, the Linquan county people's Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, 109 Tongyang Road, 236400, Fuyang, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Jun Chu
- Department of Orthopedics, Hefei hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Guang De Road, 230011, Hefei, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zong-Sheng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, #218 Jixi Road, 230022, Hefei, China.
| | - Qi-Yu Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, Hefei hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Guang De Road, 230011, Hefei, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.
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Neuroprotective Effects of Agri-Food By-Products Rich in Phenolic Compounds. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020449. [PMID: 36678322 PMCID: PMC9865516 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are known for their wide range of harmful conditions related to progressive cell damage, nervous system connections and neuronal death. These pathologies promote the loss of essential motor and cognitive functions, such as mobility, learning and sensation. Neurodegeneration affects millions of people worldwide, and no integral cure has been created yet. Here, bioactive compounds have been proven to exert numerous beneficial effects due to their remarkable bioactivity, so they could be considered as great options for the development of new neuroprotective strategies. Phenolic bioactives have been reported to be found in edible part of plants; however, over the last years, a large amount of research has focused on the phenolic richness that plant by-products possess, which sometimes even exceeds the content in the pulp. Thus, their possible application as an emergent neuroprotective technique could also be considered as an optimal strategy to revalorize these agricultural residues (those originated from plant processing). This review aims to summarize main triggers of neurodegeneration, revise the state of the art in plant extracts and their role in avoiding neurodegeneration and discuss how their main phenolic compounds could exert their neuroprotective effects. For this purpose, a diverse search of studies has been conducted, gathering a large number of papers where by-products were used as strong sources of phenolic compounds for their neuroprotective properties. Finally, although a lack of investigation is quite remarkable and greatly limits the use of these compounds, phenolics remain attractive for research into new multifactorial anti-neurodegenerative nutraceuticals.
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Tang C, Xu T, Dai M, Zhong X, Shen G, Liu L. Sitagliptin attenuates neuronal apoptosis via inhibiting the endoplasmic reticulum stress after acute spinal cord injury. Hum Exp Toxicol 2023; 42:9603271231168761. [PMID: 36977492 DOI: 10.1177/09603271231168761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER) stress-induced apoptosis and nerve regeneration is a hopeful way for acute spinal cord injury (SCI). Sitagliptin (Sita) is one of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, which is beneficial neurons damaged diseases. However, its protective mechanisms of avoiding nerve injury remain unclear. In this study, we further investigated the mechanism of the anti-apoptotic and neuroprotective effects of Sita in promoting locomotor recovery from SCI. In vivo results showed that Sita treatment reduced neural apoptosis caused by SCI. Moreover, Sita effectively attenuated the ER tress and associated apoptosis in rats with SCI. A striking feature was the occurrence of nerve fiber regeneration at the lesion site, which eventually led to significant locomotion recovery. In vitro results showed that the PC12 cell injury model induced by Thapsigargin (TG) also showed similar neuroprotective effects. Overall, sitagliptin showed potent neuroprotective effects by targeting the ER stress-induced apoptosis both in vivo and vitro, thus facilitating the regeneration of the injured spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxuan Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | | | - Minghai Dai
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiqiang Zhong
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guangjie Shen
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liangle Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Quercetin Derivatives in Combating Spinal Cord Injury: A Mechanistic and Systematic Review. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12121960. [PMID: 36556325 PMCID: PMC9783198 DOI: 10.3390/life12121960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) possesses a complicated etiology. There is no FDA-approved treatment for SCI, and the majority of current interventions focus on reducing symptoms. During SCI, inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy are behind the secondary phase of SCI and cause serious consequences. It urges the need for providing multi-targeting agents, that possess lower side effects and higher efficacy. The plant secondary metabolites are multi-targeting agents and seem to provide new roads in combating diseases. Flavonoids are phytochemicals of continual interest to scientists in combating neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). Flavonoids are being studied for their biological and pharmacological effects, particularly as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-apoptotic, and autophagy regulators. Quercetin is one of the most well-known flavonols known for its preventative and therapeutic properties. It is a naturally occurring bioactive flavonoid that has recently received a lot of attention for its beneficial effects on NDDs. Several preclinical evidence demonstrated its neuroprotective effects. In this systematic review, we aimed at providing the biological activities of quercetin and related derivatives against SCI. Detailed neuroprotective mechanisms of quercetin derivatives are also highlighted in combating SCI.
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Yoshikawa S, Taniguchi K, Sawamura H, Ikeda Y, Tsuji A, Matsuda S. A New Concept of Associations between Gut Microbiota, Immunity and Central Nervous System for the Innovative Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders. Metabolites 2022; 12:1052. [PMID: 36355135 PMCID: PMC9692629 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nerve cell death accounts for various neurodegenerative disorders, in which altered immunity to the integrated central nervous system (CNS) might have destructive consequences. This undesirable immune response often affects the progressive neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). It has been shown that commensal gut microbiota could influence the brain and/or several machineries of immune function. In other words, neurodegenerative disorders may be connected to the gut-brain-immune correlational system. The engrams in the brain could retain the information of a certain inflammation in the body which might be involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. Tactics involving the use of probiotics and/or fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) are now evolving as the most promising and/or valuable for the modification of the gut-brain-immune axis. More deliberation of this concept and the roles of gut microbiota would lead to the development of stupendous treatments for the prevention of, and/or therapeutics for, various intractable diseases including several neurodegenerative disorders.
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Filippone A, Esposito E, Mannino D, Lyssenko N, Praticò D. The contribution of altered neuronal autophagy to neurodegeneration. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 238:108178. [PMID: 35351465 PMCID: PMC9510148 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Defects in cellular functions related to altered protein homeostasis and associated progressive accumulation of pathological intracellular material is a critical process involved in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Autophagy is an essential mechanism that ensures neuronal health by removing long-lived proteins or defective organelles and by doing so prevents cell toxicity and death within the central nervous system. Abundant evidence has shown that neuronal autophagy pathways are altered in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and traumas of the central nervous system including Spinal Cord Injury and Traumatic Brain Injury. In this review, we aimed to summarize the latest studies on the role that altered neuronal autophagy plays in brain health and these pathological conditions, and how this knowledge can be leveraged for the development of novel therapeutics against them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Filippone
- Alzheimer's Center at Temple, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D' Alcontres 31. 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D' Alcontres 31. 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Deborah Mannino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D' Alcontres 31. 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Nicholas Lyssenko
- Alzheimer's Center at Temple, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Domenico Praticò
- Alzheimer's Center at Temple, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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Li E, Yan R, Yan K, Zhang R, Zhang Q, Zou P, Wang H, Qiao H, Li S, Ma Q, Liao B. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the role of immune-related autophagy in spinal cord injury in rats. Front Immunol 2022; 13:987344. [PMID: 36211348 PMCID: PMC9535363 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.987344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury refers to damage to the spinal cord due to trauma, disease, or degeneration; and the number of new cases is increasing yearly. Significant cellular changes are known to occur in the area of spinal cord injury. However, changes in cellular composition, trajectory of cell development, and intercellular communication in the injured area remain unclear. Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to evaluate almost all the cell types that constitute the site of spinal cord injury in rats. In addition to mapping the cells of the injured area, we screened the expression of immune autophagy-related factors in cells and identified signaling pathways by the measuring the expression of the receptor−ligand pairs to regulate specific cell interactions during autophagy after spinal cord injury. Our data set is a valuable resource that provides new insights into the pathobiology of spinal cord injury and other traumatic diseases of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erliang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rongbao Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kang Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Peng Zou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Huimei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Qiao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qiong Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Liao, ; Qiong Ma,
| | - Bo Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Liao, ; Qiong Ma,
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Fakhri S, Moradi SZ, Nouri Z, Cao H, Wang H, Khan H, Xiao J. Modulation of integrin receptor by polyphenols: Downstream Nrf2-Keap1/ARE and associated cross-talk mediators in cardiovascular diseases. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:1592-1616. [PMID: 36073725 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2118226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
As a group of heterodimeric and transmembrane glycoproteins, integrin receptors are widely expressed in various cell types overall the body. During cardiovascular dysfunction, integrin receptors apply inhibitory effects on the antioxidative pathways, including nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-Kelch like ECH Associated Protein 1 (Keap1)/antioxidant response element (ARE) and interconnected mediators. As such, dysregulation in integrin signaling pathways influences several aspects of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as heart failure, arrhythmia, angina, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, platelet aggregation and coagulation. So, modulation of integrin pathway could trigger the downstream antioxidant pathways toward cardioprotection. Regarding the involvement of multiple aforementioned mediators in the pathogenesis of CVDs, as well as the side effects of conventional drugs, seeking for novel alternative drugs is of great importance. Accordingly, the plant kingdom could pave the road in the treatment of CVDs. Of natural entities, polyphenols are multi-target and accessible phytochemicals with promising potency and low levels of toxicity. The present study aims at providing the cardioprotective roles of integrin receptors and downstream antioxidant pathways in heart failure, arrhythmia, angina, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, platelet aggregation and coagulation. The potential role of polyphenols has been also revealed in targeting the aforementioned dysregulated signaling mediators in those CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zeinab Nouri
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense, Spain
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense, Spain
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Zhang Q, Liu M, Nong H, Zhang Y, Bai Y, Liu P, Zong S, Zeng G. Total flavonoids of hawthorn leaves protect spinal motor neurons via promotion of autophagy after spinal cord injury. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:925568. [PMID: 36071834 PMCID: PMC9441667 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.925568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The death of spinal motor neurons (SMNs) after spinal cord injury (SCI) is a crucial cause, contributing to a permanent neurological deficit. Total flavonoids of hawthorn leaves (TFHL) have been confirmed to have potentially therapeutic for SCI. Nonetheless, the roles and mechanisms of TFHL in recovering neuromotor function and regenerating axons of SMNs have not been fully elucidated. In this study, TFHL was applied to treat rats with SCI and injured SMNs for 7 days. In vivo experiment, rats with SCI were evaluated by a BBB (Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan) score to assess their motor functional recovery. The morphology, microstructure, apoptosis, Nissl bodies, and autophagy of SMNs in spinal cord tissue were detected by Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, transmission electron microscopy, TUNEL staining, Nissl staining, and immunohistochemistry respectively. In vitro experiment, the co-culture model of SMNs and astrocytes was constructed to simulate the internal environment around SMNs in the spinal cord tissue. The cell morphology, microstructure, axonal regeneration, and autophagy were observed via optical microscope, transmission electron microscopy, and immunofluorescence. The content of neurotrophic factors in the cell culture medium of the co-culture model was detected by ELISA. Moreover, the expression of axon-related and autophagy-related proteins in the spinal cord tissue and SMNs was measured by Western Blot. We demonstrated that TFHL improved the neuromotor function recovery in rats after SCI. We then found that TFHL significantly promoted injured spinal cord tissue repair, reduced apoptosis, and improved the functional status of neurons in spinal cord tissue in vivo. Meanwhile, the cell morphology, microstructure, and axonal regeneration of damaged SMNs also obviously were improved, and the secretion of neurotrophic factors was facilitated after treatment with TFHL in vitro. Further, we revealed that TFHL promoted autophagy and related protein expression in vivo and vitro. Taken together, our study suggested that TFHL might facilitate autophagy and have neuroprotective properties in SMNs to enhance the recovery of neuromotor function of rats with SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zhang
- School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Mingfu Liu
- Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Haibin Nong
- Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Guangxi Biological Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yiguang Bai
- Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Pan Liu
- Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shaohui Zong
- Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Shaohui Zong, ; Gaofeng Zeng,
| | - Gaofeng Zeng
- School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Shaohui Zong, ; Gaofeng Zeng,
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Islam F, Bepary S, Nafady MH, Islam MR, Emran TB, Sultana S, Huq MA, Mitra S, Chopra H, Sharma R, Sweilam SH, Khandaker MU, Idris AM. Polyphenols Targeting Oxidative Stress in Spinal Cord Injury: Current Status and Future Vision. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8741787. [PMID: 36046682 PMCID: PMC9423984 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8741787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A spinal cord injury (SCI) occurs when the spinal cord is deteriorated or traumatized, leading to motor and sensory functions lost even totally or partially. An imbalance within the generation of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense levels results in oxidative stress (OS) and neuroinflammation. After SCI, OS and occurring pathways of inflammations are significant strenuous drivers of cross-linked dysregulated pathways. It emphasizes the significance of multitarget therapy in combating SCI consequences. Polyphenols, which are secondary metabolites originating from plants, have the promise to be used as alternative therapeutic agents to treat SCI. Secondary metabolites have activity on neuroinflammatory, neuronal OS, and extrinsic axonal dysregulated pathways during the early stages of SCI. Experimental and clinical investigations have noted the possible importance of phenolic compounds as important phytochemicals in moderating upstream dysregulated OS/inflammatory signaling mediators and axonal regeneration's extrinsic pathways after the SCI probable significance of phenolic compounds as important phytochemicals in mediating upstream dysregulated OS/inflammatory signaling mediators. Furthermore, combining polyphenols could be a way to lessen the effects of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Sristy Bepary
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Mohamed H. Nafady
- Faculty of Applied Health Science Technology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Md. Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Sharifa Sultana
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Amdadul Huq
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung Ang University, Anseong-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Hitesh Chopra
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Sherouk Hussein Sweilam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo-Suez Road, Badr City 11829, Egypt
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abubakr M. Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
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Impellizzeri D, D’Amico R, Fusco R, Genovese T, Peritore AF, Gugliandolo E, Crupi R, Interdonato L, Di Paola D, Di Paola R, Cuzzocrea S, Siracusa R, Cordaro M. Açai Berry Mitigates Vascular Dementia-Induced Neuropathological Alterations Modulating Nrf-2/Beclin1 Pathways. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162616. [PMID: 36010690 PMCID: PMC9406985 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The second-most common cause of dementia is vascular dementia (VaD). The majority of VaD patients experience cognitive impairment, which is brought on by oxidative stress and changes in autophagic function, which ultimately result in neuronal impairment and death. In this study, we examine a novel method for reversing VaD-induced changes brought on by açai berry supplementation in a VaD mouse model. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of açai berries on the molecular mechanisms underlying VaD in a mouse model of the disease that was created by repeated ischemia-reperfusion (IR) of the whole bilateral carotid artery. Here, we found that açai berry was able to reduce VaD-induced behavioral alteration, as well as hippocampal death, in CA1 and CA3 regions. These effects are probably due to the modulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) and Beclin-1, suggesting a possible crosstalk between these molecular pathways. In conclusion, the protective effects of açai berry could be a good supplementation in the future for the management of vascular dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Ramona D’Amico
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberta Fusco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Tiziana Genovese
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessio Filippo Peritore
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Enrico Gugliandolo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Livia Interdonato
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Davide Di Paola
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.D.P.); (S.C.)
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
- Correspondence: (R.D.P.); (S.C.)
| | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
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He N, Shen G, Jin X, Li H, Wang J, Xu L, Chen J, Cao X, Fu C, Shi D, Song X, Liu S, Li Y, Zhao T, Li J, Zhong J, Shen Y, Zheng M, Chen YY, Wang LL. Resveratrol suppressed microglia activation and promoted functional recovery of traumatic spinal cord via improving intestinal microbiota. Pharmacol Res 2022; 183:106377. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Wang W, Ding W, Zhang X, Wu S, Yu T, Cui X, Xie Y, Yang D, Lin C. Intratunical injection of rat-derived bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells prevents fibrosis and is associated with increased Smad7 expression in a rat model of Peyronie's disease. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:390. [PMID: 35908015 PMCID: PMC9338499 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03090-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Peyronie’s disease (PD) is a fibrotic disorder of the penis, but effective treatments are lacking. Here, we observed the effects of rat-derived bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) injection in the active phase and chronic phase in a rat model of PD, and the possible mechanism was analysed with fibroblasts derived from rat penile tunica albuginea (TA). Methods Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. In sham group, the rats were injected with 50 µL of vehicle. In the PD group, the rats were injected with 50 µg TGF-β1. In the PD + BMSCs early treatment group, the rats were injected with 50 µg TGF-β1 and injected with 1 × 106 BMSCs after 1 day. In the PD + BMSCs late treatment group, the rats were injected with 50 µg TGF-β1 and injected with 1 × 106 BMSCs after 28 days. Twenty-seven days after the last injection, the erectile function of the rats was measured, and then, penile fibrosis was analysed by histology and western blot. In vitro, fibroblasts derived from rat penile TA were used to identify a possible antifibrotic mechanism of BMSCs, and a Smad7 expression vector was used as a positive control. Fibroblasts were pretreated with the Smad7 expression vector or BMSCs for 48 h and then activated with 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 for 24 h. Cells viability was assessed, and Smad7, collagen 3, elastase-2B and osteopontin expression levels were analysed by immunofluorescence and western blot. Furthermore, fibroblasts were transfected with Smad7 siRNA or scramble control to observe whether the effects of BMSCs could be offset. Results Erectile function obviously improved, and fibrosis of penile TA was prevented after BMSCs treatment compared with that in the rats with PD. Furthermore, the effects of BMSCs treatment in the active phase were better than those in the chronic phase. After cocultured with BMSCs, cell viability was not affected, Smad7 expression was upregulated, and collagen 3, elastase-2B and osteopontin levels were decreased in the TGF-β1-treated fibroblasts. After transfection with Smad7 siRNA, the antifibrotic effects of BMSCs were offset. Conclusions The antifibrotic effects of BMSCs treatment in the active phase of the PD rat model were better than those in the chronic phase. A possible mechanism of BMSCs treatment was related to increased Smad7 expression, suggesting a possible effective and safe procedure for the treatment of PD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-03090-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Wang
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 26400, China
| | - Weifang Ding
- Department of Health Care, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 26400, China
| | - Xuebao Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 26400, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 26400, China
| | - Tianxi Yu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 26400, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261000, China
| | - Xin Cui
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 26400, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261000, China
| | - Yaqi Xie
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 26400, China.,Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Diandong Yang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 26400, China.
| | - Chunhua Lin
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 26400, China.
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Emerging Potential Therapeutic Targets of Ferroptosis in Skeletal Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3112388. [PMID: 35941905 PMCID: PMC9356861 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3112388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a new programmed cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation mediated by iron and inflammation. Since the transcentury realization of ferroptosis as an iron-dependent modality of nonapoptotic cell death in 2012, there has been growing interest in the function of ferroptosis and its relationship to clinical diseases. Recent studies have shown that ferroptosis is associated with multiple diseases, including degenerative diseases, ischemia reperfusion injury, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Cell death induced by ferroptosis has also been related to several skeletal diseases, such as inflammatory arthritis, osteoporosis, and osteoarthritis. Research on ferroptosis can clarify the pathogenesis of skeletal diseases and provide a novel therapeutic target for its treatment. In this review, we summarize current information about the molecular mechanism of ferroptosis and describe its emerging role and therapeutic potential in skeletal diseases.
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[Advances of the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the spinal cord injury and its relevant treatments]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2022; 36:902-907. [PMID: 35848189 PMCID: PMC9288914 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.202203081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the advances of the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the spinal cord injury (SCI) and its relevant treatments. METHODS Focusing on various mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction, recent relevant literature at home and abroad was identified to summarize the therapeutic strategies for SCI. RESULTS Mitochondrial dysfunction is mainly manifested in abnormalities in mitochondrial energy metabolism, mitochondrial oxidative stress, mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, mitophagy, mitochondrial permeability transition, and mitochondrial biogenesis, playing a vital role in the development of SCI. Drug that enhanced mitochondrial function have been proved beneficial for the treatment of SCI. CONCLUSION Mitochondrial dysfunction can serve as a potential therapeutic target for SCI, providing ideas and basis for the development of SCI therapeutic candidates in the future.
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Kang J, Wang Y, Guo X, He X, Liu W, Chen H, Wang Z, Lin A, Kang X. N-acetylserotonin protects PC12 cells from hydrogen peroxide induced damage through ROS mediated PI3K / AKT pathway. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:2268-2282. [PMID: 35758219 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2092817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
N-acetylserotonin (NAS) exerts neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic effects. Oxidative stress and apoptosis are the primary causes of spinal cord injury (SCI). Herein, we explored potential protective effects and mechanisms of NAS in a neuron oxidative damage model in vitro. We established an oxidative damage model in PC12 cells induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and treated these cells with NAS. NAS enhanced the activity of superoxide dismutase and halted the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Additionally, NAS promoted protein expression of Bcl-2, but inhibited protein expressions of Fas, FADD, cytochrome c, Bax, cleaved caspase-9, and cleaved caspase-3, namely, decreasing protein expression of the Fas and mitochondrial pathways. Furthermore, it reduced the rate of apoptosis and necroptosis-related protein expressions of MLKL and p-MLKL. Moreover, NAS promoted the protein expression of p-PI3K and p-AKT, and the addition of the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 partially attenuated the antioxidant stress and anti-apoptotic effects of NAS in H2O2 stimulated PC12 cells. In conclusion, NAS protected PC12 cells from apoptosis and oxidative stress induced by H2O2 by inhibiting ROS activity and activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihe Kang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yidian Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xudong Guo
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuegang He
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenzhao Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haiwei Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhaoheng Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Aixin Lin
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuewen Kang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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Wang X, Fu Y, Botchway BOA, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Jin T, Liu X. Quercetin Can Improve Spinal Cord Injury by Regulating the mTOR Signaling Pathway. Front Neurol 2022; 13:905640. [PMID: 35669881 PMCID: PMC9163835 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.905640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of spinal cord injury (SCI) is complex. At present, there is no effective treatment for SCI, with most current interventions focused on improving the symptoms. Inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy, and oxidative stress caused by secondary SCI may instigate serious consequences in the event of SCI. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), as a key signaling molecule, participates in the regulation of inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy in several processes associated with SCI. Quercetin can reduce the loss of myelin sheath, enhance the ability of antioxidant stress, and promote axonal regeneration. Moreover, quercetin is also a significant player in regulating the mTOR signaling pathway that improves pathological alterations following neuronal injury. Herein, we review the therapeutic effects of quercetin in SCI through its modulation of the mTOR signaling pathway and elaborate on how it can be a potential interventional agent for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xichen Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuke Fu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tian Jin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuehong Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, China
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Lv B, Shen N, Cheng Z, Chen Y, Ding H, Yuan J, Zhao K, Zhang Y. Strategies for Biomaterial-Based Spinal Cord Injury Repair via the TLR4-NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:813169. [PMID: 35600111 PMCID: PMC9116428 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.813169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The repair and motor functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) has remained a clinical challenge. Injury-induced gliosis and inflammation lead to a physical barrier and an extremely inhibitory microenvironment, which in turn hinders the recovery of SCI. TLR4-NF-κB is a classic implant-related innate immunomodulation signaling pathway and part of numerous biomaterial-based treatment strategies for SCI. Numerous experimental studies have demonstrated that the regulation of TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway plays an important role in the alleviation of inflammatory responses, the modulation of autophagy, apoptosis and ferroptosis, and the enhancement of anti-oxidative effect post-SCI. An increasing number of novel biomaterials have been fabricated as scaffolds and carriers, loaded with phytochemicals and drugs, to inhibit the progression of SCI through regulation of TLR4-NF-κB. This review summarizes the empirical strategies for the recovery after SCI through individual or composite biomaterials that mediate the TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Naiting Shen
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhangrong Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuhang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jishan Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Kangchen Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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50
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Fakhri S, Piri S, Moradi SZ, Khan H. Phytochemicals Targeting Oxidative Stress, Interconnected Neuroinflammatory, and Neuroapoptotic Pathways Following Radiation. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:836-856. [PMID: 34370636 PMCID: PMC9881105 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210809103346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The radiation for therapeutic purposes has shown positive effects in different contexts; however, it can increase the risk of many age-related and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease (HD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). These different outcomes highlight a dose-response phenomenon called hormesis. Prevailing studies indicate that high doses of radiation could play several destructive roles in triggering oxidative stress, neuroapoptosis, and neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration. However, there is a lack of effective treatments in combating radiation-induced neurodegeneration, and the present drugs suffer from some drawbacks, including side effects and drug resistance. Among natural entities, polyphenols are suggested as multi-target agents affecting the dysregulated pathogenic mechanisms in neurodegenerative disease. This review discusses the destructive effects of radiation on the induction of neurodegenerative diseases by dysregulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation. We also describe the promising effects of polyphenols and other candidate phytochemicals in preventing and treating radiation-induced neurodegenerative disorders, aiming to find novel/potential therapeutic compounds against such disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;,Address correspondence to these author at the Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; E-mail: Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan; E-mail:
| | - Sana Piri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;,These authors have contributed equally to this work.
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;,Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;,These authors have contributed equally to this work.
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan,Address correspondence to these author at the Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; E-mail: Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan; E-mail:
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