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Chang YL, Nfor ON, Chou YH, Hsiao CH, Zhong JH, Huang CN, Liaw YP. Risk of diabetes mellitus based on the interactive association between G6PD rs72554664 polymorphism and sex in Taiwan Biobank individuals. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12802. [PMID: 38834682 PMCID: PMC11150262 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63361-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The presence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with differing prevalence between males and females. Although G6PD deficiency is an X-linked genetic condition, its interaction with sex regarding T2DM risk among the Taiwanese population has not been fully explored. This study aimed to investigate the association between G6PD deficiency and T2DM risk in the Taiwanese population, focusing on the potential influence of sex. Data were obtained from the Taiwan Biobank (TWB) database, involving 85,334 participants aged 30 to 70 years. We used multiple logistic regression analysis to assess the interaction between G6PD rs72554664 and sex in relation to T2DM risk. The T2DM cohort comprised 55.35% females and 44.65% males (p < 0.001). The TC + TT genotype of rs72554664 was associated with an increased risk of T2DM, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.95 (95% CI: 1.39-2.75), and males showed an OR of 1.31 (95% CI: 1.19-1.44). Notably, the G6PD rs72554664-T allelic variant in hemizygous males significantly elevated the T2DM risk (OR), 4.57; p < 0.001) compared to females with the CC genotype. Our findings suggest that the G6PD rs72554664 variant, in conjunction with sex, significantly affects T2DM risk, particularly increasing susceptibility in males. The association of the G6PD rs72554664-T allelic variant with a higher risk of T2DM highlights the importance of sex-specific mechanisms in the interplay between G6PD deficiency and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Lin Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
- Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 407219, Taiwan
| | - Oswald Ndi Nfor
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hsiang Chou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
- School of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsuan Hsiao
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Han Zhong
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan.
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Po Liaw
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan.
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan.
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Tang H, Zhang N, Liu X, Xiao H, Zhang H, Zhou K, Deng J. Incidence Trends of Inherited Anemias at the Global, Regional, and National Levels Over Three Decades. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2024; 14:72-85. [PMID: 38079097 PMCID: PMC11043255 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-023-00170-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Inherited anemia continues to pose a significant public health concern on a global scale, owing to its extensive geographical prevalence, substantial patient population, and profound ramifications. Here, we investigated detailed information on inherited anemias (including thalassemias, thalassemias trait, sickle cell disease, sickle cell trait, G6PD deficiency, and G6PD trait) for the period 1990-2019 from the Global Burden of Disease study. Over the course of three decades, there has been a persistent rise in the incidence of inherited anemias worldwide, culminating in a total of 44,896,026 incident cases in 2019. However, the prevalence of inherited anemias has exhibited a consistent downward trend over successive years. Significantly, these inherited anemias primarily impact females, exhibiting a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.88. Among males, the most prevalent inherited anemia is G6PD deficiency, whereas G6PD trait prevails among females. The incidence rates of inherited anemias and their temporal trend exhibited significant variations across different regions, with Central Sub-Saharan Africa displaying the highest incidence rates and Central Latin America experiencing the most substantial decline. The findings of this study suggest a significant correlation between the Socio-Demographic index (SDI) and incidence rates of inherited anemias, particularly in regions with lower SDI levels such as Africa and South Asia. These results contribute valuable insights for the analysis of global trends in the burden of inherited anemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Tang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinlei Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Xiao
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanyue Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianchuan Deng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China.
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Xuan-Rong Koh D, Zailani MAH, Raja Sabudin RZA, Muniandy S, Muhamad Hata NAA, Mohd Noor SNB, Zakaria N, Othman A, Ismail E. Prevalence and molecular heterogeneity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in the Senoi Malaysian Orang Asli population. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294891. [PMID: 38085718 PMCID: PMC10715666 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an X-linked genetic disorder characterized by reduced G6PD enzyme levels in the blood. This condition is common in populations exposed to malaria; an acute febrile disease caused by Plasmodium parasites. G6PD-deficient individuals may suffer from acute hemolysis following the prescription of Primaquine, an antimalarial treatment. The population at risk for such a condition includes the Senoi group of Orang Asli, a remote indigenous community in Malaysia. This study aimed to elucidate the G6PD molecular heterogeneity in this subethnic group which is important for malaria elimination. A total of 662 blood samples (369 males and 293 females) from the Senoi subethnic group were screened for G6PD deficiency using a quantitative G6PD assay, OSMMR2000-D kit with Hb normalization. After excluding the family members, the overall prevalence of G6PD deficiency in the studied population was 15.2% (95% CI: 11-19%; 56 of 369), with males (30 of 172; 17.4%) outnumbering females (26 of 197; 13.2%). The adjusted male median (AMM), defined as 100% G6PD activity, was 11.8 IU/gHb. A total of 36 participants (9.6%; 26 male and 10 female) were deficient (<30% of AMM) and 20 participants (5.4%; 4 male and 16 female) were G6PD-intermediate (30-70% of AMM). A total of 87 samples were genotyped, of which 18 showed no mutation. Seven mutations were found among 69 genotyped samples; IVS11 T93C (47.1%; n = 41), rs1050757 (3'UTR +357A>G)(39.1%; n = 34), G6PD Viangchan (c.871G>A)(25.3%; n = 22), G6PD Union (c.1360C>T)(21.8%; n = 19), c.1311C>T(20.7%; n = 18), G6PD Kaiping (c.1388G>A)(8.0%; n = 7), and G6PD Coimbra (c.592C>T)(2.3%; n = 2). Our analysis revealed 27 hemizygote males, 18 heterozygote females, 7 homozygote females, and 2 compound heterozygote females. This study confirms the high prevalence of G6PD deficiency among the Senoi Malaysian Orang Asli, with a significant degree of molecular heterogeneity. More emphasis should be placed on screening for G6PD status and proper and safe use of Primaquine in the elimination of malaria among this indigenous population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Xuan-Rong Koh
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Center of Frontier Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Sanggari Muniandy
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Center of Frontier Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Awatif Akmal Muhamad Hata
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Laboratory Services, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Noor Baya Mohd Noor
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Laboratory Services, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norhazilah Zakaria
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Laboratory Services, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ainoon Othman
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Pathology, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Endom Ismail
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Biological Sciences Dan Biotechnology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Ingelman-Sundberg M, Nebert DW, Lauschke VM. Emerging trends in pharmacogenomics: from common variant associations toward comprehensive genomic profiling. Hum Genomics 2023; 17:105. [PMID: 37996916 PMCID: PMC10668450 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-023-00554-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel W Nebert
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Molecular & Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Volker M Lauschke
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.
- University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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Kaplan M, Hammerman C, Shapiro SM. Grand Rounds Hyperbilirubinemia following Phototherapy in Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase-Deficient Neonates: Not Out of the Woods. J Pediatr 2023; 261:113452. [PMID: 37169338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kaplan
- Department of Neonatology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center (M.K. Emeritus), Jerusalem, Israel; Faculty of Medicine of the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Cathy Hammerman
- Department of Neonatology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center (M.K. Emeritus), Jerusalem, Israel; Faculty of Medicine of the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Steven M Shapiro
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
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Atarihuana S, Gallardo-Condor J, López-Cortés A, Jimenes-Vargas K, Burgos G, Karina-Zambrano A, Flores-Espinoza R, Coral M, Cabrera-Andrade A. Genetic basis and spatial distribution of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in ecuadorian ethnic groups: a malaria perspective. Malar J 2023; 22:283. [PMID: 37752491 PMCID: PMC10521485 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-023-04716-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd) is an X-linked disorder affecting over 400 million people worldwide. Individuals with molecular variants associated with reduced enzymatic activity are susceptible to oxidative stress in red blood cells, thereby increasing the risk of pathophysiological conditions and toxicity to anti-malarial treatments. Globally, the prevalence of G6PDd varies among populations. Accordingly, this study aims to characterize G6PDd distribution within the Ecuadorian population and to describe the spatial distribution of reported malaria cases. METHODS Molecular variants associated with G6PDd were genotyped in 581 individuals from Afro-Ecuadorian, Indigenous, Mestizo, and Montubio ethnic groups. Additionally, spatial analysis was conducted to identify significant malaria clusters with high incidence rates across Ecuador, using data collected from 2010 to 2021. RESULTS The A- c.202G > A and A- c.968T > C variants underpin the genetic basis of G6PDd in the studied population. The overall prevalence of G6PDd was 4.6% in the entire population. However, this frequency increased to 19.2% among Afro-Ecuadorian people. Spatial analysis revealed 12 malaria clusters, primarily located in the north of the country and its Amazon region, with relative risks of infection of 2.02 to 87.88. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study hold significant implications for public health interventions, treatment strategies, and targeted efforts to mitigate the burden of malaria in Ecuador. The high prevalence of G6PDd among Afro-Ecuadorian groups in the northern endemic areas necessitates the development of comprehensive malaria eradication strategies tailored to this geographical region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Atarihuana
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - Andrés López-Cortés
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
- Latin American Network for the Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Karina Jimenes-Vargas
- Grupo de Bio-Quimioinformática, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
- Department of Computer Science and Information Technologies, Computer Science Faculty, CITIC, RNASA Group, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Germán Burgos
- One Health Research Group, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ana Karina-Zambrano
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Rodrigo Flores-Espinoza
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico por DNA (LDD), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marco Coral
- Grupo de Bio-Quimioinformática, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
- Carrera de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Alejandro Cabrera-Andrade
- Grupo de Bio-Quimioinformática, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador.
- Escuela de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador.
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Kassahun W, Tunta A, Abera A, Shiferaw M. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency among neonates with jaundice in Africa; systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18437. [PMID: 37539282 PMCID: PMC10393755 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a genetic disorder caused by a structural abnormality in the enzyme. G6PD deficiency is most prevalent among African, Asian, and Mediterranean people. This study aimed to investigate how prevalent G6PD deficiency is in African neonates with jaundice. Methods The public sources, such as PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Africa Journal Online were searched for articles that reported the prevalence of G6PD deficiency published before March 21st, 2022. The Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI) critical assessment checklist was used to evaluate the quality of individual studies. STATA-17 was used to do the statistical analysis. The pooled prevalence of G6PD deficiency in neonates with jaundice in Africa was calculated using a forest plot and a random effects model. I2 statistics and Galbraith plots were used to assess heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot and Egger's statistical test. Results Ten studies involving 1555 neonates with jaundice were involved in the study. G6PD deficiency was prevalent in 24.60% of African neonates with jaundice (95% CI:12.47-36.74) with considerable heterogeneity (I2 = 100%). Nigerian neonates with jaundice had the highest G6PD deficiency (49.67%), whereas South Africans had the lowest (3.14%). Conclusion G6PD deficiency has been implicated in a significant portion of African neonates with jaundice, notwithstanding the need for greater research on predisposing variables from other countries. Therefore, it should be thought of performing screening and diagnostic laboratory tests for G6PD deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woldeteklehaymanot Kassahun
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Po Box, 400, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Abayneh Tunta
- Biomedical Unit, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Atitegeb Abera
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Mulu Shiferaw
- Biomedical Unit, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
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Zailani MAH, Raja Sabudin RZA, Ithnin A, Alauddin H, Sulaiman SA, Ismail E, Othman A. Population screening for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency using quantitative point-of-care tests: a systematic review. Front Genet 2023; 14:1098828. [PMID: 37388931 PMCID: PMC10301741 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1098828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an X-linked hereditary disorder and a global public health concern that is most prevalent in malaria-endemic regions including Asia, Africa, and the Mediterranean. G6PD-deficient individuals are at high risk of developing acute hemolytic anemia following treatment with antimalarial drugs including Primaquine and Tafenoquine. However, the currently available tests for G6PD screening are complex and often have been misclassifying cases, particularly for females with intermediate G6PD activity. The latest innovation of quantitative point-of-care (POC) tests for G6PD deficiency provides an opportunity to improve population screening and prevent hemolytic disorders when treating malaria. Aim(s): To assess the evidence on the type and performance of quantitative point-of-care (POC) tests for effective G6PD screening and hence, radical elimination of Plasmodium malaria infections. Methods: Relevant studies published in English language confined from two databases, Scopus and ScienceDirect were searched from November 2016 onwards. The search was conducted using keywords including "glucosephosphate dehydrogenase" or "G6PD", "point-of-care", "screening" or "prevalence", "biosensor" and "quantitative". The review was reported following the PRISMA guidelines. Results: Initial search results yielded 120 publications. After thorough screening and examination, a total of 7 studies met the inclusion criteria, and data were extracted in this review. Two types of quantitative POC tests were evaluated, namely, the CareStartTM Biosensor kit and the STANDARD G6PD kit. Both tests showed promising performance with high sensitivity and specificity ranging mostly from 72% to 100% and 92%-100%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) ranged from 35% to 72% and 89%-100%, with accuracy ranging from 86% to 98%. Conclusion: In areas with a high prevalence of G6PD deficiency that overlap with malaria endemicity, availability and validation of the diagnostic performance of quantitative POC tests are of absolute importance. Carestart™ biosensor and STANDARD G6PD kits showed high reliability and performed well in comparison to the spectrophotometric reference standard.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Azlin Ithnin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hafiza Alauddin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Aishah Sulaiman
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Endom Ismail
- Department of Biological Sciences Dan Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Ainoon Othman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, Malaysia
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Jiao C, Zhu Y, Ji T, Cai X, Wang J. Yolk-shell structured nanoreactor Au@Co 3O 4/CeO 2@mSiO 2 with superior peroxidase-like activity as nanozyme for ultra-sensitive colorimetric biosensing. Talanta 2023; 260:124571. [PMID: 37141824 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
For yolk-shell structured nanoreactors, multiple active components can be precisely positioned on core and/or shell that can afford more exposed accessible active sites, and the internal voids can guarantee sufficient contact of reactants and catalysts. In this work, a unique yolk-shell structured nanoreactor Au@Co3O4/CeO2@mSiO2 was fabricated and applied as nanozyme for biosensing. The Au@Co3O4/CeO2@mSiO2 exhibited superior peroxidase-like activity with a lower Michaelis constant (Km) and a higher affinity to H2O2. The enhanced peroxidase-like activity was attributed to the unique structure and the synergistic effects between the multiple active components. Colorimetric essays were developed based on Au@Co3O4/CeO2@mSiO2 for the ultra-sensitive sensing of glucose in the range of 3.9 nM-1.03 mM with the limit of detection as low as 3.2 nM. In the detection of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the cooperation between G6PD and Au@Co3O4/CeO2@mSiO2 triggered the redox cycling between NAD+ and NADH, thereby achieving the amplification of the signal and enhancing the sensitivity of the assay. The assay showed superior performance as compared to other methods with linear response of 5.0 × 10-3-15 mU mL-1 and lower detection limit of 3.6 × 10-3 mU mL-1. The fabricated novel multi-enzyme catalytical cascade reaction system allowed rapid and sensitive biodetection, demonstrating its potential in biosensors and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaonan Jiao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, China
| | - Tongkai Ji
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, China
| | - Xingwei Cai
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, China.
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10
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Brawley OW, Lansey DG. Disparities in Breast Cancer Outcomes and How to Resolve Them. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2023; 37:1-15. [PMID: 36435603 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
There has been a 40% decline in breast cancer age-adjusted death rate since 1990. Black American women have not experienced as great a decline; indeed, the Black-White disparity in mortality in the United States is greater today than it has ever been. Certain states (areas of residence), however, do not see such dramatic differences in outcome by race. This latter finding suggests much more can be done to reduce disparities and prevent deaths. Interventions to get high-quality care (screening, diagnostics, and treatment) involve understanding the needs and concerns of the patient and addressing those needs and concerns. Patient navigators are 1 way to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otis W Brawley
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Dina George Lansey
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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11
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Zhou Y, Lauschke VM. Challenges Related to the Use of Next-Generation Sequencing for the Optimization of Drug Therapy. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2023; 280:237-260. [PMID: 35792943 DOI: 10.1007/164_2022_596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods have become increasingly used in various areas of human genomics. In routine clinical care, their use is already implemented in oncology to profile the mutational landscape of a tumor, as well as in rare disease diagnostics. However, its utilization in pharmacogenomics is largely lacking behind. Recent population-scale genome data has revealed that human pharmacogenes carry a plethora of rare genetic variations that are not interrogated by conventional array-based profiling methods and it is estimated that these variants could explain around 30% of the genetically encoded functional pharmacogenetic variability.To interpret the impact of such variants on drug response a multitude of computational tools have been developed, but, while there have been major advancements, it remains to be shown whether their accuracy is sufficient to improve personalized pharmacogenetic recommendations in robust trials. In addition, conventional short-read sequencing methods face difficulties in the interrogation of complex pharmacogenes and high NGS test costs require stringent evaluations of cost-effectiveness to decide about reimbursement by national healthcare programs. Here, we illustrate current challenges and discuss future directions toward the clinical implementation of NGS to inform genotype-guided decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Volker M Lauschke
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.
- University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
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Zhou Y, Tremmel R, Schaeffeler E, Schwab M, Lauschke VM. Challenges and opportunities associated with rare-variant pharmacogenomics. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2022; 43:852-865. [PMID: 36008164 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) have resulted in the identification of tens of thousands of rare pharmacogenetic variations with unknown functional effects. However, although such pharmacogenetic variations have been estimated to account for a considerable amount of the heritable variability in drug response and toxicity, accurate interpretation at the level of the individual patient remains challenging. We discuss emerging strategies and concepts to close this translational gap. We illustrate how massively parallel experimental assays, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning can synergize with population-scale biobank projects to facilitate the interpretation of NGS data to individualize clinical decision-making and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roman Tremmel
- Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany; University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Elke Schaeffeler
- Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany; University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC2180) Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Schwab
- Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany; Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC2180) Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, and Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Volker M Lauschke
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; Dr Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany; University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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Ngo TT, Tran TH, Ta TD, Le TP, Nguyen PD, Tran MA, Bui TH, Ta TV, Tran VK. Molecular Characterization and Genotype-Phenotype Correlation of G6PD Mutations in Five Ethnicities of Northern Vietnam. Anemia 2022; 2022:2653089. [PMID: 35845714 PMCID: PMC9277213 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2653089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common enzyme disorder and is caused by G6PD gene mutations. To date, more than 400 variants in the G6PD gene have been discovered, and about 160 identified variants are associated with a significant decrease in the G6PD enzyme activity. However, the molecular characterization and epidemiological study of G6PD deficiency are still limited in Vietnam. Therefore, we conducted this study to determine the G6PD variants among the Vietnamese populations and evaluate their correlation to G6PD enzyme activity. A total of 339 patients (302 males and 37 females) were enrolled in this study. The G6PD variants were identified by Sanger sequencing. Our results indicate that males are more severely deficient in G6PD than females. This enzyme activity in males (1.27 ± 1.06 IU/g·Hb) is significantly lower than in females (2.98 ± 1.57 IU/g·Hb) (p < 0.0001). The enzyme activity of the heterozygous-homozygous females and heterozygous females-hemizygous males was found to be significantly different (p < 0.05), which is interpreted due to random X-inactivation. For G6PD molecular characteristics, Viangchan (c.871G>A), Canton (c.1376G>T) and Kaiping (c.1388G>A) variants were the most dominant, accounting for 24.48%, 17.70%, and 22.42%, respectively, whereas the highest frequency of complex variants was observed in Viangchan/Silent with 20.35%. In terms of G6PD activity, the Union variant presented the lowest mean value (1.03 IU/g·Hb) compared to the other variants (p < 0.05). Computational analysis using Polyphen-2 tool investigated that all variants were relative to G6PD deficiency and separated the levels as benign and damaged. The result will establish effective methods to screen G6PD variants in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thao Ngo
- Center for Gene and Protein Research, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Thinh Huy Tran
- Center for Gene and Protein Research, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
- Biochemistry Department, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
- Hanoi Medical University Hospital, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Dat Ta
- Center for Gene and Protein Research, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Thi Phuong Le
- Center for Gene and Protein Research, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Phuoc Dung Nguyen
- Center for Gene and Protein Research, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Mai Anh Tran
- Center for Gene and Protein Research, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - The-Hung Bui
- Center for Gene and Protein Research, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Clinical Genetics Unit, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm 14186, Sweden
| | - Thanh Van Ta
- Center for Gene and Protein Research, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
- Biochemistry Department, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
- Hanoi Medical University Hospital, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
| | - Van Khanh Tran
- Center for Gene and Protein Research, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
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Zhou Y, Lauschke VM. Population pharmacogenomics: an update on ethnogeographic differences and opportunities for precision public health. Hum Genet 2022; 141:1113-1136. [PMID: 34652573 PMCID: PMC9177500 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02385-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Both safety and efficacy of medical treatment can vary depending on the ethnogeographic background of the patient. One of the reasons underlying this variability is differences in pharmacogenetic polymorphisms in genes involved in drug disposition, as well as in drug targets. Knowledge and appreciation of these differences is thus essential to optimize population-stratified care. Here, we provide an extensive updated analysis of population pharmacogenomics in ten pharmacokinetic genes (CYP2D6, CYP2C19, DPYD, TPMT, NUDT15 and SLC22A1), drug targets (CFTR) and genes involved in drug hypersensitivity (HLA-A, HLA-B) or drug-induced acute hemolytic anemia (G6PD). Combined, polymorphisms in the analyzed genes affect the pharmacology, efficacy or safety of 141 different drugs and therapeutic regimens. The data reveal pronounced differences in the genetic landscape, complexity and variant frequencies between ethnogeographic groups. Reduced function alleles of CYP2D6, SLC22A1 and CFTR were most prevalent in individuals of European descent, whereas DPYD and TPMT deficiencies were most common in Sub-Saharan Africa. Oceanian populations showed the highest frequencies of CYP2C19 loss-of-function alleles while their inferred CYP2D6 activity was among the highest worldwide. Frequencies of HLA-B*15:02 and HLA-B*58:01 were highest across Asia, which has important implications for the risk of severe cutaneous adverse reactions upon treatment with carbamazepine and allopurinol. G6PD deficiencies were most frequent in Africa, the Middle East and Southeast Asia with pronounced differences in variant composition. These variability data provide an important resource to inform cost-effectiveness modeling and guide population-specific genotyping strategies with the goal of optimizing the implementation of precision public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Volker M Lauschke
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany.
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