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Chen W, Yan A, Sun T, Wang X, Sun W, Pan B. Self-nanomicellizing solid dispersion: A promising platform for oral drug delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 241:114057. [PMID: 38924852 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) has been widely used to enhance the oral bioavailability of water-insoluble drugs for oral delivery because of its advantages of enhancing solubility and dissolution rate. However, the problems related to drug recrystallization after drug dissolution in media or body fluid have constrained its application. Recently, a self-nanomicellizing solid dispersion (SNMSD) has been developed by incorporating self-micellizing polymers as carriers to settle the problems, markedly improving the ability of supersaturation maintenance and enhancing the oral bioavailability of drug. Spontaneous formation and stability of the self-nanomicelle (SNM) have been proved to be the key to supersaturation maintenance of SNMSD system. This offers a novel research direction for maintaining supersaturation and enhancing the bioavailability of ASDs. To delve into the advantages of SNMSDs, we provide a concise review introducing the formation mechanism, characterization methods and stability of SNMs, emphasizing the advantages of SNMSDs for oral drug delivery facilitated by SNM formation, and discussing relevant research prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - An Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tiancong Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Weiwei Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Baoliang Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuan Ming Yuan West Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing 100193, China.
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2
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Wang G, Hiramoto K, Ma N, Ohnishi S, Morita A, Xu Y, Yoshikawa N, Chinzei Y, Murata M, Kawanishi S. Immunohistochemical analyses reveal FoxP3 expressions in spleen and colorectal cancer in mice treated with AOM/DSS, and their suppression by glycyrrhizin. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0307038. [PMID: 39150932 PMCID: PMC11329161 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/18/2024] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that glycyrrhizin (GL) suppressed inflammation and carcinogenesis in an azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced murine model of colorectal cancer (CC). In this study, we found an accumulation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the spleen and suppression by GL in model mice. ICR mice were divided into four groups: Control, GL, CC, and GL-treated CC (CC+GL), and were sacrificed 20 weeks after AOM/DSS treatment. We measured spleen weight, areas of white and red pulp, and CD8+ T cells (cytotoxic T lymphocytes, CTL), and CD11c-positive cells (dendritic cells) in splenic tissues and forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3)-positive cells (Tregs) in colorectal and splenic tissues. In all cases, the CC group showed a significant increase compared with those in Control group, and GL administration significantly attenuated this increase. These results indicate that Tregs accumulated in the spleen may participate in inflammation-related carcinogenesis by suppressing CTL. We also suggest that GL which binds to high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), suppresses carcinogenesis with decreasing Tregs in the spleen. Furthermore, there was an expression of FoxP3 in cancer cells, indicating that it may be involved in the malignant transformation of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifeng Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medical Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Mie, Japan
| | - Keiichi Hiramoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Mie, Japan
| | - Ning Ma
- Graduate School of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Mie, Japan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Mie, Japan
| | - Shiho Ohnishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Mie, Japan
| | - Akihiro Morita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Mie, Japan
| | - Yifei Xu
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | | | - Yasuo Chinzei
- Graduate School of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Mie, Japan
| | - Mariko Murata
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Shosuke Kawanishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Mie, Japan
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Chen H, Ren L, Yang Y, Long W, Lan W, Yang J, Fu H. Three-dimensional fluorescence combined with alternating trilinear decomposition and random forest algorithm for the rapid prediction of species, geographical origin and main components of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao). Food Chem 2024; 444:138603. [PMID: 38330604 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) is a functional food whose quality varies significantly between distinct geographical sources owing to the influence of genetics and the geographical environment. This study employed three-dimensional fluorescence coupled with alternating trilinear decomposition (ATLD) and random forest (RF) algorithms to rapidly predict Gancao species, geographical origins, and primary constituents. Seven fluorescent components were resolved from the three-dimensional fluorescence of the ATLD for subsequent analysis. Results indicated that the RF model distinguished Gancao from various species and origins better than other algorithms, achieving an accuracy of 94.4 % and 88.9 %, respectively. Furthermore, the RF regressor algorithm was used to predict the concentrations of liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid in Gancao, with 96.4 % and 95.6 % prediction accuracies compared to HPLC, respectively. This approach offers a novel means of objectively evaluating the origin of food and holds substantial promise for food quality assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengye Chen
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Lixue Ren
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yinan Yang
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Wanjun Long
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Wei Lan
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijng 100700, PR China
| | - Haiyan Fu
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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4
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Ji X, Liu N, Huang S, Zhang C. A Comprehensive Review of Licorice: The Preparation, Chemical Composition, Bioactivities and Its Applications. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:667-716. [PMID: 38716617 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Licorice (Glycyrrhiza) is a medicinal and food homologue of perennial plants derived from the dried roots and rhizomes of the genus Glycyrrhiza in the legume family. In recent years, the comprehensive utilization of licorice resources has attracted people's attention. It is widely utilized to treat diseases, health food products, food production, and other industrial applications. Furthermore, numerous bioactive components of licorice are found using advanced extraction processes, which mainly include polyphenols (flavonoids, dihydrostilbenes, benzofurans, and coumarin), triterpenoids, polysaccharides, alkaloids, and volatile oils, all of which have been reported to possess a variety of pharmacological characteristics, including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, neuroprotective, antidepressive, antidiabetic, antiparasitic, antisex hormone, skin effects, anticariogenic, antitussive, and expectorant activities. Thereby, all of these compounds promote the development of novel and more effective licorice-derived products. This paper reviews the progress of research on extraction techniques, chemical composition, bioactivities, and applications of licorice to provide a reference for further development and application of licorice in different areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, P. R. China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry, Emerging Disease Detection and Control, Luoyang 471023, P. R. China
| | - Ning Liu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, P. R. China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry, Emerging Disease Detection and Control, Luoyang 471023, P. R. China
| | - Shucheng Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Cai Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, P. R. China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry, Emerging Disease Detection and Control, Luoyang 471023, P. R. China
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Ma Y, Zhao Y, Luo M, Jiang Q, Liu S, Jia Q, Bai Z, Wu F, Xie J. Advancements and challenges in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic research on the traditional Chinese medicine saponins: a comprehensive review. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1393409. [PMID: 38774213 PMCID: PMC11106373 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1393409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent research on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) saponin pharmacokinetics has revealed transformative breakthroughs and challenges. The multicomponent nature of TCM makes it difficult to select representative indicators for pharmacokinetic studies. The clinical application of saponins is limited by their low bioavailability and short half-life, resulting in fluctuating plasma concentrations. Future directions should focus on novel saponin compounds utilizing colon-specific delivery and osmotic pump systems to enhance oral bioavailability. Optimizing drug combinations, such as ginsenosides with aspirin, shows therapeutic potential. Rigorous clinical validation is essential for practical applications. This review emphasizes a transformative era in saponin research, highlighting the need for clinical validation. TCM saponin pharmacokinetics, guided by traditional principles, are in development, utilizing multidisciplinary approaches for a comprehensive understanding. This research provides a theoretical basis for new clinical drugs and supports rational clinical medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yongxia Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Mingxia Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Sha Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qi Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhixun Bai
- Organ Transplant Center, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Faming Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jian Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Dong M, Yang Z, Gao Q, Deng Q, Li L, Chen H. Protective Effects of Isoliquiritigenin and Licochalcone B on the Immunotoxicity of BDE-47: Antioxidant Effects Based on the Activation of the Nrf2 Pathway and Inhibition of the NF-κB Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:445. [PMID: 38671893 PMCID: PMC11047486 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
2,2',4,4'-Tetrabrominated biphenyl ether (BDE-47) is a polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) homologue that is ubiquitous in biological samples and highly toxic to humans and other organisms. Prior research has confirmed that BDE-47 can induce oxidative damage in RAW264.7 cells, resulting in apoptosis and impaired immune function. The current study mainly focused on how Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) and Licochalcone B (LCB) might protect against BDE-47's immunotoxic effects on RAW264.7 cells. The results show that ISL and LCB could increase phagocytosis, increase the production of MHC-II, and decrease the production of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) and co-stimulatory factors (CD40, CD80, and CD86), alleviating the immune function impairment caused by BDE-47. Secondly, both ISL and LCB could reduce the expressions of the proteins Bax and Caspase-3, promote the expression of the protein Bcl-2, and reduce the apoptotic rate, alleviating the apoptosis initiated by BDE-47. Additionally, ISL and LCB could increase the levels of antioxidant substances (SOD, CAT, and GSH) and decrease the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby counteracting the oxidative stress induced by BDE-47. Ultimately, ISL and LCB suppress the NF-κB pathway by down-regulating IKBKB and up-regulating IκB-Alpha in addition to activating the Nrf2 pathway and promoting the production of HO-1 and NQO1. To summarize, BDE-47 causes oxidative damage that can be mitigated by ISL and LCB through the activation of the Nrf2 pathway and inhibition of the NF-κB pathway, which in turn prevents immune function impairment and apoptosis. These findings enrich the current understanding of the toxicological molecular mechanism of BDE-47 and the detoxification mechanism of licorice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Dong
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China; (M.D.); (Z.Y.); (Q.G.); (Q.D.); (L.L.)
- Pharmacology Department, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Ziying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China; (M.D.); (Z.Y.); (Q.G.); (Q.D.); (L.L.)
- Pharmacology Department, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China; (M.D.); (Z.Y.); (Q.G.); (Q.D.); (L.L.)
- Pharmacology Department, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Qingyuan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China; (M.D.); (Z.Y.); (Q.G.); (Q.D.); (L.L.)
- Pharmacology Department, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Le Li
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China; (M.D.); (Z.Y.); (Q.G.); (Q.D.); (L.L.)
- Pharmacology Department, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Hongmei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China; (M.D.); (Z.Y.); (Q.G.); (Q.D.); (L.L.)
- Pharmacology Department, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China
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Lu J, Gu X, Xue C, Shi Q, Jia J, Cheng J, Zeng Y, Chu Q, Yuan X, Bao Z, Li L. Glycyrrhizic acid alleviates concanavalin A-induced acute liver injury by regulating monocyte-derived macrophages. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 133:155586. [PMID: 39159503 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is characterized by persistent liver inflammation induced by aberrant immune responses. Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), a prominent bioactive ingredient of licorice, has shown potential as a safe and effective treatment for AIH. However, the immune regulatory mechanism by which GA exerts its therapeutic effect on AIH remains elusive. In this study, we found that GA intervention significantly alleviated ConA-induced acute liver injury in mice. Cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF) analysis revealed that GA increased the abundance of anti-inflammatory F4/80loCD11bhiMHCIIhi MoMF-1 and decreased the abundance of pro-inflammatory F4/80loCD11bhiiNOShi MoMF-3. Multiplex immunofluorescence demonstrated the infiltration of MoMFs in liver tissues. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis indicated that GA facilitated the immune activation in MoMFs, regulated gene expression of diverse cytokines secreted by MoMFs, and played a role in shaping the immune microenvironment. By integrating the results of CyTOF with scRNA-seq, our study comprehensively elucidates the immune landscape of ConA-induced liver injury following GA intervention, advancing the understanding of GA's mechanism of action. However, it is important to note that some single-cell data in this study remain raw and require further processing and annotation. Our findings suggest that GA alleviates ConA-induced acute liver injury by regulating the function of MoMFs, opening potential avenues for AIH treatment and management, and providing a theoretical basis for the design of novel MoMFs-centered immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xinyu Gu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Chen Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingmiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junjun Jia
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinlin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yifan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingfei Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhengyi Bao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Mou Y, Liao W, Li Y, Wan L, Liu J, Luo X, Shen H, Sun Q, Wang J, Tang J, Wang Z. Glycyrrhizin and the Related Preparations: An Inspiring Resource for the Treatment of Liver Diseases. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:315-354. [PMID: 38553799 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Liver diseases and their related complications endanger the health of millions of people worldwide. The prevention and treatment of liver diseases are still serious challenges both in China and globally. With the improvement of living standards, the prevalence of metabolic liver diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic liver disease, has increased at an alarming rate, resulting in more cases of end-stage liver disease. Therefore, the discovery of novel therapeutic drugs for the treatment of liver diseases is urgently needed. Glycyrrhizin (GL), a triterpene glycoside from the roots of licorice plants, possesses a wide range of pharmacological and biological activities. Currently, GL preparations (GLPs) have certain advantages in the treatment of liver diseases, with good clinical effects and fewer adverse reactions, and have shown broad application prospects through multitargeting therapeutic mechanisms, including antisteatotic, anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, antifibrotic, anticancer, and drug interaction activities. This review summarizes the currently known biological activities of GLPs and their medical applications in the treatment of liver diseases, and highlights the potential of these preparations as promising therapeutic options and their alluring prospects for the treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mou
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Liao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Lina Wan
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Xialing Luo
- Department of Respiratory, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Hongping Shen
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base of the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, P. R. China
| | - Qin Sun
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base of the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bishan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 402760, P. R. China
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Zhilei Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
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Zhang M, Ji X, Li Y, Chen X, Wu X, Tan R, Jiang H. Anthriscus sylvestris: An overview on Bioactive Compounds and Anticancer Mechanisms from a Traditional Medicinal Plant to Modern Investigation. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:1162-1176. [PMID: 38288817 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575271848231116095447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Anthriscus sylvestris (L.) Hoffm. Gen. is a biennial or perennial herb commonly found in China. It has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine to treat various ailments such as cough, gastric disorders, spleen deficiency, and limb weakness. Recently, its potential as an anticancer agent has gained considerable attention and has been the subject of extensive research focusing on extract efficacy, identification of active compounds, and proposed molecular mechanisms. Nevertheless, further high-quality research is still required to fully evaluate its potential as an anticancer drug. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the anticancer properties exhibited by the active components found in Anthriscus sylvestris. We conducted a comprehensive search, collation, and analysis of published articles on anticancer activity and active compounds of A. sylvestris using various databases that include, but are not limited to, PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct and Google Scholar. The primary chemical composition of A. sylvestris consists of phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, steroids, fatty acids, and organic acids, showcasing an array of pharmacological activities like anticancer, antioxidant, anti-aging, and immunoregulatory properties. Thus, this review highlights the active compounds isolated from A. sylvestris extracts, which provide potential leads for the development of novel anticancer drugs and a better understanding of the plant's pharmacological effects, particularly its anticancer mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Jinniu District, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Ji
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Jinniu District, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Yuxin Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Jinniu District, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu/ Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Jinniu District, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Rui Tan
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Jinniu District, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Hezhong Jiang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Jinniu District, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
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Zhang Y, Li H, Liu X, Wang Q, Zhao D, Su M, Jia Z, Shen S. Integrating Metabolomics and Network Pharmacology to Decipher the Hepatoprotective Effect Mechanisms of Magnesium Isoglycyrrhizinate Injection. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 46:279-298. [PMID: 38248321 PMCID: PMC10813909 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the liver protective effects of a fourth-generation glycyrrhizic acid product (magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate injection, MII) in the treatment of mice with drug-induced liver injury-specifically, to determine its effects on plasma metabolites. Moreover, the possible mechanism of its intervention in lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism through the liver protective effect was preliminarily explored, combined with network pharmacology. The liver injury model of mice was established using acetaminophen (APAP). The protective effect of MII on the mice model was evaluated using pathological tissue sections and biochemical indices such as alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Metabolomics analysis of plasma was performed using the UHPLC-QTOF/MS technique to screen for potential biomarkers and enriched metabolic pathways. The potential targets and pathways of MII were predicted by network pharmacology, and the mechanism was verified by Western blot analysis. MII significantly improved the pathological liver changes in mice with liver injury. The content of ALT and AST was decreased, and the activity of SOD was increased significantly (p < 0.05, 0.01). A total of 29 potential biomarkers were identified in the metabolomics analysis, mainly involving seven pathways, such as lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. A total of 44 intersection targets of MII in the treatment of liver injury were obtained by network pharmacology, involving lipid metabolism and other related pathways. Western blot analysis results showed that MII could significantly reduce the expression of JAK2 and STAT3. MII can effectively ameliorate liver injury in modeled mice through related pathways such as lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. This study could provide not only a scientific basis for the elucidation of the mechanism of action of MII in exerting a hepatoprotective effect, but also a reference for its rational clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (Y.Z.); (H.L.); (M.S.)
- NDMA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Generic Drug, Hebei Institute for Drug and Medical Device Control, Shijiazhuang 050200, China; (X.L.); (Q.W.); (D.Z.)
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (Y.Z.); (H.L.); (M.S.)
- NDMA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Generic Drug, Hebei Institute for Drug and Medical Device Control, Shijiazhuang 050200, China; (X.L.); (Q.W.); (D.Z.)
| | - Xueli Liu
- NDMA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Generic Drug, Hebei Institute for Drug and Medical Device Control, Shijiazhuang 050200, China; (X.L.); (Q.W.); (D.Z.)
| | - Qiang Wang
- NDMA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Generic Drug, Hebei Institute for Drug and Medical Device Control, Shijiazhuang 050200, China; (X.L.); (Q.W.); (D.Z.)
| | - Dong Zhao
- NDMA Key Laboratory for Quality Control and Evaluation of Generic Drug, Hebei Institute for Drug and Medical Device Control, Shijiazhuang 050200, China; (X.L.); (Q.W.); (D.Z.)
| | - Ming Su
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (Y.Z.); (H.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Zhixin Jia
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China;
| | - Shigang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (Y.Z.); (H.L.); (M.S.)
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Chen CT, Chen CF, Lin TY, Hua WJ, Hua K, Tsai CY, Hsu CH. Traditional Chinese medicine Kuan-Sin-Yin decoction inhibits cell mobility via downregulation of CCL2, CEACAM1 and PIK3R3 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116834. [PMID: 37355084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Kuan-Sin-Yin (KSY) is a traditional Chinese medical decoction, designed based on the classic Si-Jun-Zi-Tang decoction and used clinically to improve the synergic effects of energy promotion, liver function and cancer related symptom and quality of life. However, the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) function of KSY is unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the anti-mobility activity of KSY on HCC cells and elucidate its molecular mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two malignancy hepatocellular carcinoma cells, Mahlavu and SK-Hep-1, were used for the test of cell proliferation via alarm blue assay. The wound healing and Transwell assays were used to determine the anti-mobility activity of KSY in HCC cells. Cell morphology was analyzed via confocal microscopy. The genomic profile of KSY-treated HCC cells was analyzed by microarray. The potential signaling pathways and bio-functions of KSY-mediated genes were analyzed by ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA). Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the messenger RNA (mRNA) level of indicated gene. RESULTS KSY did not affect cell viability of HCC cells but significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion in those HCC Mahlavu and SK-Hep-1 cells. In parallel, KSY induced changes in morphology of HCC cells via re-modulating actin cytoskeleton. KSY upregulated 1270 genes but reduced 1534 genes in Mahlavu cells. KSY regulated various gene networks which controlled cell migration, invasion and movement. Specifically, KSY reduced expression of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), which is correlated to cell mobility, and concomitantly downregulated mRNA levels of phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 3 (PIK3R3) and CEA cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1). CONCLUSION These findings indicated that regulation of CCL2-mediated PIK3R3 and CEACAM1 may be involved in KSY inhibited cell mobility. Moreover, KSY may be a potential a Chinese decoction for reducing cell mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chueh-Tan Chen
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chian-Feng Chen
- Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Tung-Yi Lin
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Jyun Hua
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Kate Hua
- Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Yao Tsai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan; General Education Center, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Hua Hsu
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Linsen, Chinese Medicine, and Kunming Branch, Taipei, Taiwan.
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12
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Bravo V, Serrano M, Duque A, Ferragud J, Coronado PJ. Glycyrrhizinic Acid as an Antiviral and Anticancer Agent in the Treatment of Human Papillomavirus. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1639. [PMID: 38138866 PMCID: PMC10744776 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13121639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV), like any other virus, needs to penetrate the host cell and make use of its machinery to replicate. From there, HPV infection can be asymptomatic or lead to benign and premalignant lesions or even different types of cancer. HPV oncogenesis is due to the ability of the viral oncoproteins E6 and E7 to alter the control mechanisms for the growth and proliferation of host cell. Therefore, the use of agents with the ability to control these processes is essential in the search for effective treatments against HPV infections. Glycyrrhizinic acid (Gly), the active ingredient in liquorice, has been shown in numerous preclinical studies to have an antiviral and anticancer activity, reducing the expression of E6 and E7 and inducing apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. In addition, it also has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory or re-epithelializing properties that can be useful in HPV infections. This review includes the different antiviral and anticancer mechanisms described for Gly, as well as the clinical studies carried out that position it as a potential therapeutic strategy against HPV both through its topical application and by oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Bravo
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Service, Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Serrano
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Service, Hospital la Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Duque
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Service, Hospital Ruber Internacional, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Ferragud
- Medical Department, Atika Pharma, 35002 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Pluvio J. Coronado
- Women’s Health Institute, San Carlos Clinical Hospital, dISSC, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Lu D, Yang Y, Du Y, Zhang L, Yang Y, Tibenda JJ, Nan Y, Yuan L. The Potential of Glycyrrhiza from "Medicine Food Homology" in the Fight against Digestive System Tumors. Molecules 2023; 28:7719. [PMID: 38067451 PMCID: PMC10708138 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycyrrhiza has a long history of applications and a wide range of pharmacological effects. It is known as the "king of all herbs". Glycyrrhiza is effective in clearing heat, detoxifying, relieving cough, and tonifying qi and has good bioactivity in multiple inflammatory, immune, and tumor diseases. This review aims to summarize the origin, distribution, and anti-digestive system tumor mechanism of glycyrrhiza and its homologous applications in medicine and food. The active compounds include triterpenoids, flavonoids, and coumarins, which are widely used in clinical treatments, disease prevention, and daily foods because of their "enhancement of efficacy" and "reduction of toxicity" against digestive system tumors. This paper reviews the use of glycyrrhiza in digestive system tumors and provides an outlook on future research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doudou Lu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China;
| | - Yating Yang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China;
| | - Yuhua Du
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (Y.D.); (J.J.T.)
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China;
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China;
| | - Joanna Japhet Tibenda
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (Y.D.); (J.J.T.)
| | - Yi Nan
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China;
| | - Ling Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (Y.D.); (J.J.T.)
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14
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AlDehlawi H, Jazzar A. The Power of Licorice ( Radix glycyrrhizae) to Improve Oral Health: A Comprehensive Review of Its Pharmacological Properties and Clinical Implications. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2887. [PMID: 37958031 PMCID: PMC10648065 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11212887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Licorice (Radix glycyrrhizae) is a plant root extract widely used in various applications, including cosmetics, food supplements, and traditional medicine. It has a long history of medicinal use in different cultures due to its diverse pharmacological properties. Licorice has traditionally been used for treating gastrointestinal problems, respiratory infections, cough, bronchitis, arthritis, and skin conditions. In recent years, the potential therapeutic benefits of licorice for oral health have gained significant interest. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the effects of licorice extracts and their bioactive components on common oral diseases such as dental caries, periodontitis, halitosis, candidiasis, and recurrent aphthous ulcers. The chemical composition of licorice has shown the presence of several bioactive compounds such as glycyrrhizin, glabridin, isoliquiritigenin (ISL), and licochalcone exhibiting various pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidative, and immunomodulatory effects. Interestingly, in certain patients, licorice has shown a promising potential to inhibit the spread of viruses, prevent biofilm formation, reduce inflammation, boost immune responses, alleviate pain, and exert antioxidative effects. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the current understanding of licorice's therapeutic benefits in the treatment of oral ailments, emphasising its potential as an alternative treatment option for oral diseases. Further research is warranted to explore its efficacy, safety, and clinical applications using placebo-controlled clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebah AlDehlawi
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
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15
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Wang D, Zhang L, He D, Zhang Y, Bao J, Gao W, Cheng W, Zhu C, Jin H, Zhang W, Zhu H, Pan H. Systemic pharmacology reveal the mechanism by which the Qiangjin Zhuanggu Qufeng mixture inhibits LPS-induced pyroptosis of rat nucleus pulposus cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 119:154998. [PMID: 37523835 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Low back pain (LBP) is a worldwide health issue primarily attributed to intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Qiangjin Zhuang Qufeng mixture (QJZG), an approved hospital-based formula with years of clinical application, has demonstrated notable therapeutic effects in the treatment of LBP. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism by which it alleviates LBP remains uncertain. METHODS The bioactive constituents of QJZG were initially identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS). Subsequently, network pharmacology was employed to explore the core components and targets. In vivo and in vitro experiments were then conducted to validate the specific mechanism of action of QJZG based on the identified targets and pathways. Following that, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry combined with 16S rRNA gene sequencing of blood and faecal samples was utilized to assess the impact of gut microbiota on faecal and serum metabolites subsequent to QJZG administration in intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) rats. RESULTS The principal constituents of QJZG were identified using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, revealing a substantial enrichment of flavonoids and triterpenes. Network pharmacology analysis indicated the potential inhibitory effects of QJZG on the NLRP3 inflammasome and downstream inflammatory factors. Furthermore, investigations demonstrated that intervertebral disc degeneration may be attributed to pyroptotic cell death within the nucleus pulposus. In vitro experiments were performed utilizing LPS to induce the inflammatory response in nucleus pulposus cells (NPC), and it was observed that QJZG-containing serum significantly suppressed key pyroptosis-related genes and downstream inflammatory factors. Additionally, in vivo experiments substantiated the capacity of QJZG to preserve disc height and ameliorate the progression of disc degeneration. Concurrently, oral pharmacotherapy in animal studies prominently involved the effects of Enterobacteriaceae and Clostridium, closely intertwined with lipid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS QJZG exhibited a delaying effect on IVDD by preserving the equilibrium between extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and degradation in NPCs. This effect was achieved through the suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome expression and the prevention of pyroptosis in NPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Tiyuchang Road NO 453, Hangzhou 310007, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Dingqiao Hospital, Huanding Road NO 1630, Hangzhou 310021, China; Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Tiyuchang Road NO 453, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Liangping Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Tiyuchang Road NO 453, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Du He
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Tiyuchang Road NO 453, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Yujun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Tiyuchang Road NO 453, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Jianhang Bao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Tiyuchang Road NO 453, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Wenshuo Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Tiyuchang Road NO 453, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Dingqiao Hospital, Huanding Road NO 1630, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Chengyue Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Tiyuchang Road NO 453, Hangzhou 310007, China; Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Tiyuchang Road NO 453, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Hongting Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Tiyuchang Road NO 453, Hangzhou 310007, China; Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Tiyuchang Road NO 453, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Hang Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Tiyuchang Road NO 453, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Hao Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Tiyuchang Road NO 453, Hangzhou 310007, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Hangzhou Dingqiao Hospital, Huanding Road NO 1630, Hangzhou 310021, China; Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Tiyuchang Road NO 453, Hangzhou 310007, China.
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AL-Ishaq RK, Kubatka P, Büsselberg D. Sweeteners and the Gut Microbiome: Effects on Gastrointestinal Cancers. Nutrients 2023; 15:3675. [PMID: 37686707 PMCID: PMC10489909 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, the demand for natural and synthetic sweeteners in the food industry as an alternative to refined sugar is increasing. This has prompted more research to be conducted to estimate its safety and effects on health. The gut microbiome is critical in metabolizing selected sweeteners which might affect overall health. Recently, more studies have evaluated the relationship between sweeteners and the gut microbiome. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the role played by the gut microbiome in metabolizing selected sweeteners. It also addresses the influence of the five selected sweeteners and their metabolites on GI cancer-related pathways. Overall, the observed positive effects of sweetener consumption on GI cancer pathways, such as apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, require further investigation in order to understand the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghad Khalid AL-Ishaq
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar;
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar;
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Ren Y, Zhu D, Han X, Zhang Q, Chen B, Zhou P, Wei Z, Zhang Z, Cao Y, Zou H. HMGB1: a double-edged sword and therapeutic target in the female reproductive system. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1238785. [PMID: 37691930 PMCID: PMC10484633 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1238785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
HMGB1 that belongs to the High Mobility Group-box superfamily, is a nonhistone chromatin associated transcription factor. It is present in the nucleus of eukaryotes and can be actively secreted or passively released by kinds of cells. HMGB1 is important for maintaining DNA structure by binding to DNA and histones, protecting it from damage. It also regulates the interaction between histones and DNA, affecting chromatin packaging, and can influence gene expression by promoting nucleosome sliding. And as a DAMP, HMGB1 binding to RAGE and TLRs activates NF-κB, which triggers the expression of downstream genes like IL-18, IL-1β, and TNF-α. HMGB1 is known to be involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Recent studies have demonstrated the significance of HMGB1 as DAMPs in the female reproductive system. These findings have shed light on the potential role of HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of diseases in female reproductive system and the possibilities of HMGB1-targeted therapies for treating them. Such therapies can help reduce inflammation and metabolic dysfunction and alleviate the symptoms of reproductive system diseases. Overall, the identification of HMGB1 as a key player in disease of the female reproductive system represents a significant breakthrough in our understanding of these conditions and presents exciting opportunities for the development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ren
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Damin Zhu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xingxing Han
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qiqi Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Beili Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhaolian Wei
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yunxia Cao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huijuan Zou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Wen X, Xie W, Gao J, Zhang D, Yang M, Zhang Z, Du Y, Jin Y. Systematically uncovering the absorbed effective substances of Radix Scutellaria-licorice drug pair in rat plasma against COVID-19 using a combined UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis and target network pharmacology. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289121. [PMID: 37556490 PMCID: PMC10411761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Radix Scutellaria-Licorice drug pair (RSLDP), a frequently used herbal pair with the effect of clearing heat and detoxifying, is the commonly employed drug pair in TCM prescriptions for the treatment of COVID-19. Until now, the metabolism feature and anti-COVID-19 mechanism of RSLDP have not been fully elucidated. In this study, a sensitive and rapid method was developed for the separation and identification of the absorbed constituents of RSLDP in the rat plasma by UHPLC-QTOF-MS. Additionally, we optimized the conventional methodologies of network pharmacology and proposed a new concept called target network pharmacology (T-NP). It used the absorbed constituents and the corresponding targets to generate a compound-target network, and compared to conventional network pharmacology, it could reduce false-positive results. A total of 85 absorbed constituents were identified or tentatively characterized in dosed plasma, including 32 components in the group of Radix Scutellaria, 27 components in the group of Licorice, and 65 components in the group of RSLDP. The results showed that the compatibility of Radix Scutellaria and Licorice increased the number of components in vivo. We found that 106 potential targets among the 61 active compounds in RSLDP were related to COVID-19. And 12 targets (STAT3, AKT1, EGFR, HSP9AA1, MAPK3, JUN, IL6, VEGFA, TNF, IL2, RELA, and STAT1) could be core targets for RSLDP in treating COVID-19. Results from these targets indicate that RSLDP treatment of COVID-19 mainly involves response to chemical stress, response to oxygenates, positive regulation of cytokines, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway for diabetic complications, virus-related pathways such as novel coronavirus and human cytomegalovirus infection, inflammatory immune-related pathways, and so on. The metabolism feature of RSLDP in vivo was systematically uncovered. The combined use of the T-NP method could discover potential drug targets and disclose the biological processes of RSLDP, which will clarify the potential mechanisms of RSLDP in the treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuqing Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P. R. China
| | - Juan Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P. R. China
| | - Dedong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P. R. China
| | - Mengxin Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P. R. China
| | - Yingfeng Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, P. R. China
| | - Yiran Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, P. R. China
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Plemmenos G, Tzimogianni V, Fili C, Piperi C. Contributing Role of High Mobility Group Box 1 Signaling in Oral Cancer Development and Therapy. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1577. [PMID: 37511951 PMCID: PMC10381251 DOI: 10.3390/life13071577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most frequent type of oral cancer of multifactorial origin, characterized by histological and clinical manifestations. To date, there are no specific biomarkers or treatment modalities available to efficiently manage this neoplasia, demanding further research on the molecular background of OSCC pathology. Elucidation of signal transduction pathways and associated molecules with differential expression and function in OSCC are expected to enhance the future development of molecular targeted therapies. Among signaling proteins with a potential functional role in OSCC, the High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) protein has stimulated scientific interest due to frequent upregulation, and implication in the progression of many types of head and neck cancer types. HMGB1 is a nuclear nonhistone protein and an extracellularly secreted cytokine that can interact with several signaling molecules implicated in the pathogenic pathways of OSCC. Binding of HMGB1 to specific receptors on OSCC cells such as the receptor of AGE (RAGE) and the toll-like receptor (TLR) has been shown to initiate several intercellular signaling cascades that can promote OSCC growth, invasion, and metastasis, indicating a potential target for patient prognosis and therapeutic approaches. The purpose of this review is to explore the functional role and associated signaling of HMGB1 in OSCC in order to reveal potential therapeutic targeting options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigorios Plemmenos
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2 Thivon Str, Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Valentini Tzimogianni
- Department of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 M. Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Fili
- Medicine and Surgery, Department of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza Universita di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Christina Piperi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 M. Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
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20
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Cheng Y, Zhong X, Nie X, Gu H, Wu X, Li R, Wu Y, Lv K, Leung GPH, Fu C, Lee SMY, Zhang J, Li J. Glycyrrhetinic acid suppresses breast cancer metastasis by inhibiting M2-like macrophage polarization via activating JNK1/2 signaling. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 114:154757. [PMID: 37011418 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer metastasis is leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have been considered as potential targets for treating breast cancer metastasis because they promote tumor growth and development. Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is one of the most important phytochemicals of licorice which has shown promising anti-cancer efficacies in pre-clinical trials. However, the regulatory effect of GA on the polarization of TAMs remains elusive. PURPOSE To investigate the role of GA in regulating the polarization of M2 macrophages and inhibiting breast cancer metastasis, and to further explore its underlying mechanisms of action. STUDY DESIGN IL-4 / IL-13-treated RAW 264.7 and THP-1 cells were used as the M2-polarized macrophages in vitro. A 4T1 mouse breast cancer model and the tail vein breast cancer metastasis model were applied to study the effect of GA on breast cancer growth and metastasis in vivo. RESULTS In vitro studies showed that GA significantly inhibited IL-4 / IL 13-induced M2-like polarization in RAW 264.7 and THP-1 macrophages without affecting M1-like polarization. GA strongly decreased the expression of M2 macrophage markers CD206 and Arg-1, and reduced the levels of the pro-angiogenic molecules VEGF, MMP9, MMP2 and IL-10 in M2 macrophages. GA also increased the phosphorylation of JNK1/2 in M2 macrophages. Moreover, GA significantly suppressed M2 macrophage-induced cell proliferation and migration in 4T1 cancer cells and HUVECs. Interestingly, the inhibitory effects of GA on M2 macrophages were abolished by a JNK inhibitor. Animal studies showed that GA significantly suppressed tumor growth, angiogenesis, and lung metastasis in BALB/c mice bearing breast tumor. In tumor tissues, GA reduced the number of M2 macrophages but elevated the proportion of M1 macrophages, accompanied by activation of JNK signaling. Similar results were found in the tail vein breast cancer metastasis model. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated for the first time that GA could effectively suppress breast cancer growth and metastasis by inhibiting macrophage M2 polarization via activating JNK1/2 signaling. These findings indicate that GA could be served as the lead compound for the future development of anti-breast cancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuemei Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Huan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Renkai Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yihan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Kongpeng Lv
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - George Pak-Heng Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chaomei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jingjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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21
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Jia Y, Sun J, Yang J, Chen C, Zhang Z, Yang K, Shen P, Qu S, He B, Song Y, Han X. Tumor Microenvironment-Responsive Nanoherb Delivery System for Synergistically Inhibition of Cancer Stem Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:16329-16342. [PMID: 36946515 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c19029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance in cancer stem cells (CSCs) is a major barrier to chemotherapy; hence, developing CSC-specific targeted nanocarriers for efficient drug delivery is critical. In this study, monodisperse hollow-structured MnO2 (H-MnO2) with a mesoporous shell was created for efficient targeted drug delivery. An effective therapeutic compound isoliquiritigenin (ISL) was confirmed to inhibit the lung cancer stem-cell phenotype by natural compound screening based on integrated microfluidic devices. The resultant H-MnO2 showed a high drug-loading content of the potent CSC-targeting compound ISL and near-infrared fluorescent dye indocyanine green (ICG). In addition, H-MnO2 was successively modified with hyaluronic acid (HA) to enhance targeting CSCs with high CD44 expression levels. The H-MnO2@(ICG + ISL)@HA nanocomposites displayed promising chemotherapeutic and photothermal treatment capabilities, as well as NIR-triggered drug release, which showed excellent CSC-killing effects and tumor inhibition efficacy. Meanwhile, the development of the tumor was effectively restrained by NIR-triggered phototherapy and prominent chemotherapy without obvious side effects after tail vein injection of the nanocomposites in vivo. In summary, the prepared nanocomposites accomplished synergistic cancer therapy that targets CSCs, offering a versatile platform for lung cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Jia
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kaiyong Yang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Peiliang Shen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Suchen Qu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bangshun He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Yanni Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xin Han
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
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22
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Cheng A, Lei S, Zhu J, Lu J, Paine MF, Xie W, Ma X. Chemical basis of pregnane X receptor activators in the herbal supplement Gancao (licorice)☆. LIVER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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23
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Tuli HS, Garg VK, Mehta JK, Kaur G, Mohapatra RK, Dhama K, Sak K, Kumar A, Varol M, Aggarwal D, Anand U, Kaur J, Gillan R, Sethi G, Bishayee A. Licorice ( Glycyrrhiza glabra L.)-Derived Phytochemicals Target Multiple Signaling Pathways to Confer Oncopreventive and Oncotherapeutic Effects. Onco Targets Ther 2022; 15:1419-1448. [PMID: 36474507 PMCID: PMC9719702 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s366630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a highly lethal disease, and its incidence has rapidly increased worldwide over the past few decades. Although chemotherapeutics and surgery are widely used in clinical settings, they are often insufficient to provide the cure for cancer patients. Hence, more effective treatment options are highly needed. Although licorice has been used as a medicinal herb since ancient times, the knowledge about molecular mechanisms behind its diverse bioactivities is still rather new. In this review article, different anticancer properties (antiproliferative, antiangiogenic, antimetastatic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects) of various bioactive constituents of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) are thoroughly described. Multiple licorice constituents have been shown to bind to and inhibit the activities of various cellular targets, including B-cell lymphoma 2, cyclin-dependent kinase 2, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinases, mammalian target of rapamycin, nuclear factor-κB, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, vascular endothelial growth factor, and matrix metalloproteinase-3, resulting in reduced carcinogenesis in several in vitro and in vivo models with no evident toxicity. Emerging evidence is bringing forth licorice as an anticancer agent as well as bottlenecks in its potential clinical application. It is expected that overcoming toxicity-related obstacles by using novel nanotechnological methods might importantly facilitate the use of anticancer properties of licorice-derived phytochemicals in the future. Therefore, anticancer studies with licorice components must be continued. Overall, licorice could be a natural alternative to the present medication for eradicating new emergent illnesses while having just minor side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Garg
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Jinit K Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal, Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ginpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal, Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ranjan K Mohapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Government College of Engineering, Keonjhar, Odisha, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Mehmet Varol
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Diwakar Aggarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Jagjit Kaur
- Centre of Excellence in Nanoscale Biophotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ross Gillan
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, USA
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, USA
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Zheng J, Song X, Yang Z, Tan Y, Yin C, Yin J, Lu Y, Yang Y, Liu C, Yi L, Zhang Y. Self-assembling glycyrrhizic acid micellar hydrogels as encapsulant carriers for delivery of curcumin. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Atheroprotective Effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154697. [PMID: 35897875 PMCID: PMC9332620 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases associated with atherosclerosis are the major cause of death in developed countries. Early prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis are considered to be an important aspect of the therapy of cardiovascular disease. Preparations based on natural products affect the main pathogenetic steps of atherogenesis, and so represent a perspective for the long-term prevention of atherosclerosis development. Numerous experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated the multiple beneficial effects of licorice and its bioactive compounds—anti-inflammatory, anti-cytokine, antioxidant, anti-atherogenic, and anti-platelet action—which allow us to consider licorice as a promising atheroprotective agent. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on the licorice anti-atherosclerotic mechanisms of action based on the results of experimental studies, including the results of the in vitro study demonstrating licorice effect on the ability of blood serum to reduce intracellular cholesterol accumulation in cultured macrophages, and presented the results of clinical studies confirming the ameliorating activity of licorice in regard to traditional cardiovascular risk factors as well as the direct anti-atherosclerotic effect of licorice.
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Zhang Z, Yung KKL, Ko JKS. Therapeutic Intervention in Cancer by Isoliquiritigenin from Licorice: A Natural Antioxidant and Redox Regulator. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071349. [PMID: 35883840 PMCID: PMC9311861 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress could lead to a variety of body dysfunctions, including neurodegeneration and cancer, which are closely associated with intracellular signal transducers such as reactive oxygen species (ROS). It has been suggested that ROS is the upstream regulator of autophagy, and that it provides a negative feedback regulation to remove oxidative damage. Defects in the ROS-autophagic redox homeostasis could lead to the increased production of ROS and the accumulation of damaged organelles that in turn promote metabolic reprogramming and induce tumorigenesis. One significant characteristic of pancreatic cancer is the reprogramming of cellular energy metabolism, which facilitates the rapid growth, invasiveness, and the survival of cancer cells. Thus, the rectification of metabolic dysfunction is essential in therapeutic cancer targeting. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) is a chalcone obtained from the plant Glycyrrhiza glabra, which is a powdered root licorice that has been consumed for centuries in different regions of the world. ISL is known to be a natural antioxidant that possesses diversified functions, including redox regulation in cells. This review contains discussions on the herbal source, biological properties, and anticancer potential of ISL. This is the first time that the anticancer activities of ISL in pancreatic cancer has been elucidated, with a coverage of the involvement of antioxidation, metabolic redox regulation, and autophagy in pancreatic cancer development. Furthermore, some remarks on related compounds of the isoflavonoid biosynthetic pathway of ISL will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Zhang
- Teaching and Research Division, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China;
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Golden Meditech Centre for Neuroregeneration Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ken Kin-Lam Yung
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Golden Meditech Centre for Neuroregeneration Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (K.K.-L.Y.); (J.K.-S.K.); Tel.: +852-3411-7060 (K.K.-L.Y.); +852-3411-2461 (J.K.-S.K.)
| | - Joshua Ka-Shun Ko
- Teaching and Research Division, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China;
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (K.K.-L.Y.); (J.K.-S.K.); Tel.: +852-3411-7060 (K.K.-L.Y.); +852-3411-2461 (J.K.-S.K.)
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27
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Protective Effects of Liquiritigenin against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity via NRF2/SIRT3-Mediated Improvement of Mitochondrial Function. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123823. [PMID: 35744945 PMCID: PMC9231399 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by cisplatin (CP), a first-line anticancer drug for chemotherapy, is common. To date, there is an urgent need to find effective treatments to reduce the nephrotoxicity caused by CP. Meanwhile, the restoration of mitochondrial dysfunction shows potential to be used as an adjunct to conventional therapeutic strategies. This study found that liquiritigenin can ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunction and acute kidney injury induced by CP in mice. The intraperitoneal injection of 15 mg/kg body weight liquiritigenin for 2 days markedly protected against CP-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, restored renal tubule and mitochondrial morphology, decreased blood Scr and BUN levels, and decreased cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the elevated expression of SIRT3 induced by liquiritigenin, which can be upregulated by NRF2, was confirmed in vivo and in vitro. The underlying protective mechanisms of liquiritigenin in CP-induced nephrotoxicity were then investigated. Molecular docking results showed that liquiritigenin has potent binding activities to KEAP1, GSK-3β and HRD1. Further results showed that liquiritigenin induced the nuclear translocation of NRF2 and increased the levels of mitochondrial bioenergetics-related protein such as PGC-1α, and TFAM, which are related to NRF2 activity and mitochondrial biogenesis. In addition, liquiritigenin was found to possibly reverse the decrease in BCL2/BAX ratio induced by CP in live cultured renal tubule epithelial cells. Collectively, these results indicated that liquiritigenin could be used as a potential nephroprotective agent to protect against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in a NRF2-dependent manner by improving mitochondria function.
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