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Brinckmann J, Cunningham A, V. Harter D. Reviewing threats to wild rhodiola sachalinensis, a medicinally valuable yet vulnerable species. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_47_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Man C, Dai Z, Fan Y. Dazhu Hongjingtian Preparation as Adjuvant Therapy for Unstable Angina Pectoris: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:213. [PMID: 32210811 PMCID: PMC7076193 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Dazhu hongjingtian [DZHJT, Rhodiola wallichiana var. cholaensis (Praeger) S.H. Fu] preparation as an add-on therapy has been applied to the treatment of angina pectoris. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DZHJT as adjuvant therapy for the treatment of unstable angina pectoris (UAP). Methods: An extensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, Emase, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, CNKI, and VIP databases from inception to January 2019. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing DZHJT in combination with Western medicine with Western medicine alone were included. Two authors independently performed the literature search, data extraction and risk of bias assessment of included studies, and conducted the statistical analysis. Results: A total of 18 RCTs involving 1,679 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Adjuvant treatment with DZHJT significantly decreased ≥80% reduction in the frequency of angina attacks [risk ratio (RR) 1.57; 95% CI 1.36-1.81], weekly frequency of angina attacks [mean difference (MD) -1.03 times; 95% confidence interval (CI) -1.51 to -0.55], marked improved abnormal electrocardiogram (RR 1.46; 95% CI 1.23-1.74). In addition, DZHJT significantly reduced the whole-blood viscosity (MD -0.70 mPa.s; 95% CI -0.84 to -0.55), plasma viscosity (MD -0.28 mPa.s; 95% CI -0.38 to -0.19), serum level of fibrinogen (MD -0.67 g/L; 95% CI -0.79 to -0.54), thromboxanes B2 (MD -14.01 ng/L; 95% CI -20.86 to -7.15), and C-reactive protein (MD -1.48 mg/L; 95% CI -2.72 to -0.25). No significant differences in headache/dizziness (RR 0.72; 95% CI 0.31-1.67) were observed between two groups. Conclusion: Adjuvant treatment with DZHJT has an add-on effect in reducing angina pectoris attacks in patients with UAP. The beneficial effect may be correlated with regulating whole-blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, fibrinogen, thromboxanes B2, and CRP level. However, future well-designed prospective, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trials with large sample sizes are required to evaluate the evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfeng Man
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Translational Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhe Dai
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Translational Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Translational Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Fan Y, Gu X, Zhang H. Dazhu Hongjingtian (Herba Rhodiolae) for unstable angina pectoris: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e13481. [PMID: 30544439 PMCID: PMC6310512 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dazhu Hongjingtian (DZHJT), also named Herba Rhodiolae, has been frequently introduced for patients with angina pectoris in China. However, the add-on effect of DZHJT in unstable angina pectoris (UAP) has not been systematically evaluated. The purpose of this protocol is to provide the methods used to assess the efficacy and safety of DZHJT as adjuvant therapy for management of UAP. METHODS We will extensively search for eligible studies in PubMed, Emase, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and VIP databases up to October 2018. Only randomized controlled trials comparing DZHJT in combination with Western medicine vs Western medicine alone were selected.The primary outcomes are above 50% reduction in frequency of angina attacks and weekly frequency of angina attacks reduction. The secondary outcomes are the blood rheology parameters (whole-blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, and fibrinogen) and adverse events. We will use RevMan V.5.0 software to perform meta-analysis. RESULTS The pooled results will provide a high-quality of evidence of DZHJT as adjuvant therapy in patients with UAP. CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analysis will provide up-to-date evidence to evaluate DZHJT as adjuvant therapy in patients with UAP. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD42018111885.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Translational Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang
| | - Xuyu Gu
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Translational Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Lishui District People's Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Zuo W, Yan F, Zhang B, Hu X, Mei D. Salidroside improves brain ischemic injury by activating PI3K/Akt pathway and reduces complications induced by delayed tPA treatment. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 830:128-138. [PMID: 29626425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia causes blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury and thus increases the risk of complications secondary to thrombolysis, which limited its clinical application. This study aims to clarify the role and mechanism of salidroside (SALD) in alleviating brain ischemic injury and whether pretreatment of it could improve prognosis of delayed treatment of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA). Rats were subjected to 3 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and were intraperitoneally administered with 10, 20 or 40 mg/kg SALD before ischemia. 1.5% 5-triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and neurological studies were performed to observe the effectiveness of SALD. The expressions and the distribution of phosphoinositide-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling were analyzed. Experiments were further conducted in isolated microvessels and human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) to explore the protective mechanism of SALD. Finally, rats were subjected to 6 h of MCAO and 24 h of reperfusion. tPA was given with or without the pretreatment of SALD. Various approaches including gelatin zymography, western blot and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the effect of this combination therapy. SALD could reduce cerebral ischemic injury and enhance HBMECs viability subjected to OGD. In vivo and in vitro studies showed the mechanism might be related to the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling by phosphorylating Akt on Ser473. Pretreatment of SALD could alleviate BBB injury and improve the outcome of delayed treatment of tPA. These results provide evidence that SALD might be an effective adjuvant to reduce the complications induced by delayed tPA treatment for brain ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zuo
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Feng Yan
- Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Mexical University, PR China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, PR China; Cerebrovascular Diseases Research Institute, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Hu
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Dan Mei
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China.
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Influence of salidroside, a neuroactive compound of Rhodiola rosea L., on alcohol tolerance development in rats. HERBA POLONICA 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/hepo-2018-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Introduction: In recent years, the search for potential neuroprotective properties of salidroside and its ability to influence the activity of nervous system become the subject of intense studies of many research groups. None of these studies, however, include an attempt to determine the effect of salidroside on the course of alcohol tolerance in vivo.
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of salidroside to inhibit the development of alcohol tolerance in rats, determining whether the effect of its action may occur in a dose-dependent manner, reducing both metabolic and central tolerance without affecting body temperature in control rats.
Methods: Male Wistar rats were injected daily with ethanol at a dose of 3 g/kg for 9 consecutive days to produce ethanol tolerance. Salidroside in two doses (4.5 mg/kg and 45 mg/kg b.w.) or vehiculum was administered orally. On the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 8th day a hypothermic effect of ethanol was measured, while the loss of righting reflex procedure was performed on the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 7th day. On the 9th day rats were treated with salidroside, sacrificed 1 h after ethanol injections and blood was collected for blood-ethanol concentration measurement.
Results: Salidroside at a dose of 45 mg/kg inhibited the development of tolerance to hypothermic and sedative effects of ethanol, whereas insignificant elevation of blood-ethanol concentration was observed. The dose of 4.5 mg/kg b.w. had minimal effect, only small inhibition of tolerance to hypothermic action was observed. Salidroside affected neither body mass growth nor body temperature in non-alcoholic (control) rats.
Conclusions: Results of the study indicate that salidroside at a dose of 45 mg/kg inhibited the development of tolerance to the hypothermic effect of ethanol. Observed inhibition of tolerance to the sedative effect of ethanol seems to be associated with salidroside influence on the central nervous system. A comprehensive explanation of the abovementioned observations requires further pharmacological and pharmacodynamic studies.
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Palmeri A, Mammana L, Tropea MR, Gulisano W, Puzzo D. Salidroside, a Bioactive Compound of Rhodiola Rosea, Ameliorates Memory and Emotional Behavior in Adult Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 52:65-75. [PMID: 26967223 DOI: 10.3233/jad-151159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Rhodiola Rosea (R. Rosea) is a plant used in traditional popular medicine to enhance cognition and physical performance. R. Rosea medicinal properties have been related to its capability to act as an adaptogen, i.e., a substance able to increase the organism's resistance to a variety of chemical, biological, and physical stressors in a non-specific way. These adaptogen properties have been mainly attributed to the glycoside salidroside, one of the bioactive compounds present in the standardized extracts of R. Rosea. Here, we aimed to investigate whether a single dose of salidroside is able to affect memory and emotional behavior in wild type adult mice. We performed fear conditioning to assess cued and contextual memory, elevated plus maze and open field to evaluate anxiety, and tail suspension test to evaluate depression. Our results showed that a single i.p. administration of salidroside was able to enhance fear memory and exerted an anxiolytic and antidepressant effect. These data confirmed the adaptogenic effect of R. Rosea bioactive compounds in animal models and suggest that salidroside might represent an interesting pharmacological tool to ameliorate cognition and counteract mood disorders.
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Liu GD, Zhao YW, Li YJ, Wang XJ, Si HH, Huang WZ, Wang ZZ, Ma SP, Xiao W. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of major constituents from Dazhu Hongjingtian capsule by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS combined with UPLC/QQQ-MS/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Da Liu
- State Key Lab of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process; Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd; Lianyungang China
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Yi-Wu Zhao
- State Key Lab of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process; Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd; Lianyungang China
| | - Yan-Jing Li
- State Key Lab of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process; Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd; Lianyungang China
| | - Xue-Jing Wang
- State Key Lab of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process; Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd; Lianyungang China
| | - Hai-Hong Si
- State Key Lab of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process; Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd; Lianyungang China
| | - Wen-Zhe Huang
- State Key Lab of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process; Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd; Lianyungang China
| | - Zhen-Zhong Wang
- State Key Lab of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process; Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd; Lianyungang China
| | - Shi-Ping Ma
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing China
| | - Wei Xiao
- State Key Lab of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process; Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd; Lianyungang China
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Wang SF, Wu MY, Cai CZ, Li M, Lu JH. Autophagy modulators from traditional Chinese medicine: Mechanisms and therapeutic potentials for cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 194:861-876. [PMID: 27793785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), an ancient yet still alive medicinal system widely used in East Asia, has played an essential role in health maintenance and diseases control, for a wide range of human chronic diseases like cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. TCM-derived compounds and extracts attract wide attention for their potential application as therapeutic agents against above mentioned diseases. AIM OF REVIEW Recent years the enthusiasm in searching for autophagy regulators for human diseases has yielded many positive hits. TCM-derived compounds as important sources for drug discovery have been widely tested in different models for autophagy modulation. Here we summarize the current progress in the discovery of natural autophagy regulators from TCM for the therapeutic application in cancer and neurodegenerative disease models, aiming to provide the direct link from traditional use to new pharmacological application. METHODS The present review collected the literature published during the recent 10 years which studied the effect of TCM-derived compounds or extracts on autophagy regulation from PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Science Direct. The names of chemical compounds studied in this article are corresponding to the information in journal plant list. RESULTS In this review, we give a brief introduction about the autophagy and its roles in cancer and neurodegenerative disease models and describe the molecular mechanisms of autophagy modulation. We also make comprehensive lists to summarize the effects and underlying mechanisms of TCM-derived autophagy regulators in cancer and neurodegenerative disease models. In the end of the review, we discuss the current strategies, problems and future direction for TCM-derived autophagy regulators in the treatment of human diseases. CONCLUSIONS A number of data from in vivo and in vitro models indicated TCM derived compounds and extracts hold great potential for the treatment of human diseases including cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. Autophagy, as a novel and promising drug target involved in a wide range of human diseases, can be modulated by many TCM derived agents, indicating autophagy modulation may be an important mechanism underlying the therapeutic effect of TCM in treating diseases. Furthermore, we look forward to seeing the discovery of ideal autophagy modulators from TCM with considerably higher selectivity for the treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Ming-Yue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Cui-Zan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Min Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jia-Hong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
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Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modeling study of thiadiazolo[3,2- a ][1,3]diazepine analogues of HIE-124 as a new class of short acting hypnotics. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 124:237-247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Li L, Gao B, Zhang WX, Yang J, Zhang J, Luo F. Development of theRhodiola rosea FuquandRhodiola roseasoy sauce, and the determination of their functional properties. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
- College of Biotechnology Engineering; Sichuan University of Science and Engineering; Zigong 643000 China
| | - Bo Gao
- Analytical and Testing Centre; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Wen-xue Zhang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
- College of Liquor Science, Jinjiang College; Sichuan University; Meishan 620860 China
| | - Jun Yang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Jin Zhang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Fang Luo
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
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Garige BSR, Keshetti S, Vattikuti UMR. In vivo Study on Depressant Effects and Muscle Coordination Activity of Galphimia glauca Stem Methanol Extract. Pharmacognosy Res 2016; 8:219-225. [PMID: 27695258 PMCID: PMC5004509 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.188878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Galphimia glauca is an evergreen shrub found across peninsular India, belonging to family Malpighiaceae. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the in vivo depressant effects and muscle coordination activity of G. glauca stem methanol extract (GGSME). MATERIALS AND METHODS The stem methanol extract was administered in Swiss albino mice in 1 day to study the central nervous system (CNS) depressant and muscle coordination activity employing animal models such as sodium pentobarbital-induced sleep test, hole-board test, open field test, pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced convulsions, picrotoxin-induced convulsions, grip strengthening test in mice, and Rota-rod test. RESULTS The LD50 of GGSME was found to be >2000 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). Mice treated with stem methanol extract at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, b.w. doses extended the sleeping time induced by sodium pentobarbital (40 mg/kg. b.w., i.p.). The stem methanol extract at 400 mg/kg dose showed a significant (P ≤ 0.001) dose-dependent decrease in the number of rears and head dipping number in the hole-board test. The extract exhibited a significant (P ≤ 0.001) effect on the ambulatory behavior of mice in the open field test and also extended the onset of seizures induced by PTZ (90 mg/kg b.w., i.p.) and picrotoxin (10 mg/kg, b.w., i.p.). The extract also exhibited significant (P ≤ 0.001) effects on muscle coordination in rota-rod and grip strengthening test in mice. CONCLUSION The study results conclude that the GGSME has a potential CNS depressant and muscle relaxant effects compared to the standard drugs. SUMMARY Anxiety is implicated in the number of psychiatric disordersIn vivo depressant activity is studied employing animal models like Sodium pentobarbital-.induced sleep test, Hole-board test, Open field test, Pentylenetetrazole induced convulsions and Picrotoxin-induced convulsions tests.Muscle coordination activity is studied employing animal models like Grip strengthening test in mice and Rota-.rod test.The GABAergic system plays a significant role in CNS depressant and muscle relaxant effects.The study proves the traditional claims of the plant used in the treatment of phobia, panic, stress, anxiety and it is as well used in producing a calming effect on the nerves. Abbreviations Used: WHO: World Health Organization; CNS: Central nervous system; GGSME: Galphimia glauca stem methanol extract; IAEC: Institutional Animal Ethics Committee; OECD: The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development; PTZ: Pentylenetetrazole; REM: Rapid eye movement; GABA: γ-aminobutyric acid; AMPA: α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor; b.w: Body weight; i.p: Intraperitoneal; p.o: per oral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baba Shankar Rao Garige
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Srisailam Keshetti
- Department of Pharmacy, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Satavahana University, Karimnagar, Telangana, India
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Hu Z, Wang Z, Liu Y, Wu Y, Han X, Zheng J, Yan X, Wang Y. Metabolite Profile of Salidroside in Rats by Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Quadrupole-Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:8999-9005. [PMID: 26461036 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the salidroside metabolite profile in rat urine was investigated, and subsequently the metabolic pathways of salidroside were proposed. After administrations of salidroside at an oral dose of 100 or 500 mg/kg, rat urine samples were collected and pretreated with methanol to precipitate the proteins. The pretreated samples were analyzed by an Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with an HSS T3 column and detected by quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Q-TOF-MS) or high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid triple-quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometry (HPLC/Q-trap-MS). A total of eight metabolites were detected and identified on the basis of the characteristics of their protonated ions in the urine samples. The results elucidated that salidroside was metabolized via glucuronidation, sulfation, deglycosylation, hydroxylation, methylation, and dehydroxylation pathways in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Hu
- Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University , Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education , Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ziming Wang
- Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University , Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education , Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University , Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education , Harbin 150040, China
- Heilongjiang Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Heilongjiang Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xuejiao Han
- Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University , Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education , Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University , Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education , Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiufeng Yan
- Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University , Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education , Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University , Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education , Harbin 150040, China
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Shi MM, Piao JH, Xu XL, Zhu L, Yang L, Lin FL, Chen J, Jiang JG. Chinese medicines with sedative-hypnotic effects and their active components. Sleep Med Rev 2015; 29:108-18. [PMID: 26866454 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The main pharmacological effects of sedative agents are sedation, hypnosis, antianxiety, and antidepression. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history of clinical experience in treating insomnia. This review focuses mainly on the role of active ingredients from TCM in the treatment of insomnia. Single herbs and their active ingredients from TCM with hypnotic effects are summarized through reviewing the relevant literature published in the past 20 y. The active ingredients are divided into alkaloids, terpenoids, and volatile oils, flavonoids, lignanoids and coumarins, saponins, and others. Current studies on TCM in treating insomnia are described from the aspects of active ingredients, sources, experimental models and methods, results, and mechanisms. In addition, Chinese compound prescriptions developed from a variety of single herbs with sedative-hypnotic effects are introduced. The acting pathways of TCM are covered from the perspectives of regulating central neurotransmitters, influencing sleep-related cytokines, and improving the structure of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Man Shi
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jin-Hua Piao
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xi-Lin Xu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Fu-Lan Lin
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jian Chen
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jian-Guo Jiang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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Zhao W, Shi X, Li J, Guo W, Liu C, Chen X. Genetic, epigenetic, and HPLC fingerprint differentiation between natural and ex situ populations of Rhodiola sachalinensis from Changbai Mountain, China. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112869. [PMID: 25386983 PMCID: PMC4227887 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhodiola sachalinensis is an endangered species with important medicinal value. We used inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) markers to analyze genetic and epigenetic differentiation in different populations of R. sachalinensis, including three natural populations and an ex situ population. Chromatographic fingerprint was used to reveal HPLC fingerprint differentiation. According to our results, the ex situ population of R. sachalinensis has higher level genetic diversity and greater HPLC fingerprint variation than natural populations, but shows lower epigenetic diversity. Most genetic variation (54.88%) was found to be distributed within populations, and epigenetic variation was primarily distributed among populations (63.87%). UPGMA cluster analysis of ISSR and MSAP data showed identical results, with individuals from each given population grouping together. The results of UPGMA cluster analysis of HPLC fingerprint patterns was significantly different from results obtained from ISSR and MSAP data. Correlation analysis revealed close relationships among altitude, genetic structure, epigenetic structure, and HPLC fingerprint patterns (R2 = 0.98 for genetic and epigenetic distance; R2 = 0.90 for DNA methylation level and altitude; R2 = –0.95 for HPLC fingerprint and altitude). Taken together, our results indicate that ex situ population of R. sachalinensis show significantly different genetic and epigenetic population structures and HPLC fingerprint patterns. Along with other potential explanations, these findings suggest that the ex situ environmental factors caused by different altitude play an important role in keeping hereditary characteristic of R. sachalinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Chinese Herbal Medicine Breeding and Cultivation, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Institute of Botany, Changbai Mountain Academy of Sciences, Erdao, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaozheng Shi
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, the Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiangnan Li
- National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Chinese Herbal Medicine Breeding and Cultivation, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Guo
- National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Chinese Herbal Medicine Breeding and Cultivation, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Institute of Botany, Changbai Mountain Academy of Sciences, Erdao, Jilin, China
| | - Chengbai Liu
- National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Chinese Herbal Medicine Breeding and Cultivation, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xia Chen
- National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Chinese Herbal Medicine Breeding and Cultivation, School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- School of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- * E-mail:
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Wang T, Zhang X, Xie W. Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma, "Desert Ginseng": A Review. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2012; 40:1123-41. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x12500838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma (C. deserticola, "Rou Cong Rong" in Chinese) is an officinal plant that grows in arid or semi-arid areas. The dried fleshy stem of C. deserticola has been generally used as a tonic in China and Japan for many years. Modern pharmacology studies have since demonstrated that C. deserticola possesses broad medicinal functions, especially for use in hormone regulation, aperient, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, antioxidative, anti-apoptotic, anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, anti-fatigue activities and the promotion of bone formation. The phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs) presented in C. deserticola have been identified as the major active components. This review summarizes the up-to-date and comprehensive information on C. deserticola covering the aspects of the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wenyan Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of phenolic compounds isolated from the root of Rhodiola sachalinensis A. BOR. Molecules 2012; 17:11484-94. [PMID: 23018923 PMCID: PMC6268498 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171011484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Revised: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolation of compounds from the root of Rhodiola sachalinensis (RRS) yielded tyrosol (1), salidroside (2), multiflorin B (3), kaempferol-3,4'-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), afzelin (5), kaempferol (6), rhodionin (7), and rhodiosin (8). Quantification of these compounds was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). To investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the compounds, DPPH radical scavenging, NBT superoxide scavenging and nitric oxide production inhibitory activities were examined in LPS-stimulated Raw 264.7 cells. We suggest that the major active components of RRS are herbacetin glycosides, exhibiting antioxidant activity, and kaempferol, exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity.
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Chen SF, Tsai HJ, Hung TH, Chen CC, Lee CY, Wu CH, Wang PY, Liao NC. Salidroside improves behavioral and histological outcomes and reduces apoptosis via PI3K/Akt signaling after experimental traumatic brain injury. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45763. [PMID: 23029230 PMCID: PMC3454376 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces a complex sequence of apopototic cascades that contribute to secondary tissue damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of salidroside, a phenolic glycoside with potent anti-apoptotic properties, on behavioral and histological outcomes, brain edema, and apoptosis following experimental TBI and the possible involvement of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. Methodology/Principal Findings Mice subjected to controlled cortical impact injury received intraperitoneal salidroside (20, or 50 mg/kg) or vehicle injection 10 min after injury. Behavioral studies, histology analysis and brain water content assessment were performed. Levels of PI3K/Akt signaling-related molecules, apoptosis-related proteins, cytochrome C (CytoC), and Smac/DIABLO were also analyzed. LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, was administered to examine the mechanism of protection. The protective effect of salidroside was also investigated in primary cultured neurons subjected to stretch injury. Treatment with 20 mg/kg salidroside_significantly improved functional recovery and reduced brain tissue damage up to post-injury day 28. Salidroside_also significantly reduced neuronal death, apoptosis, and brain edema at day 1. These changes were associated with significant decreases in cleaved caspase-3, CytoC, and Smac/DIABLO at days 1 and 3. Salidroside increased phosphorylation of Akt on Ser473 and the mitochondrial Bcl-2/Bax ratio at day 1, and enhanced phosphorylation of Akt on Thr308 at day 3. This beneficial effect was abolished by pre-injection of LY294002. Moreover, delayed administration of salidroside at 3 or 6 h post-injury reduced neuronal damage at day 1. Salidroside treatment also decreased neuronal vulnerability to stretch-induced injury in vitro. Conclusions/Significance Post-injury salidroside improved long-term behavioral and histological outcomes and reduced brain edema and apoptosis following TBI, at least partially via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Fu Chen
- Departments of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Martínez-Vázquez M, Estrada-Reyes R, Martínez-Laurrabaquio A, López-Rubalcava C, Heinze G. Neuropharmacological study of Dracocephalum moldavica L. (Lamiaceae) in mice: sedative effect and chemical analysis of an aqueous extract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 141:908-17. [PMID: 22469767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/17/2012] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dracocephalum moldavica is used as a tranquilizer and as remedy for nervous conditions relief in the Mexican traditional medicine. Despite its intensive use no literature reported neuropharmacological studies on Dracocephalum moldavica as yet. AIM OF THE STUDY The sedative, anxiolytic-like and antidepressant-like effects of the aqueous extract of aerial parts of Dracocephalum moldavica (Lamiaceae) (DM) were evaluated in behavioral models in mice. The general toxic effects of DM were evaluated as well as their chemical analysis was performed. MATERIALS AND METHODS DM effects were evaluated on pentobarbital-induced sleeping time (SPT), the hole-board (HBT), and the avoidance exploratory behavior (AEBT) tests and on the forced swimming test (FST). General activity and motor coordination were evaluated in the open field (OFT) and Rota-rod tests, respectively. The acute toxicity of DM was determinate by its LD(50) dose. The chemical analyses DM were performed by chromatographic and HPLC-ESI-MS techniques. RESULTS DM prolonged the pentobarbital-induced sleeping time, induced sedation in the HBT, decreased spontaneous activity and produced motor coordination impairment in mice. However, DM did not show anxiolytic effects in the AEBT or HBT and it was not effective in FST. The DM-treatment produced mortalities with LD(50)=470 mg/kg body weight. The HPLC-ESI-MS analysis of DM revealed that (acacetin, apigenin and luteolin)-7-O-β-D-(6″-O-malonyl)-glucoside derivates are the main compounds of DM. CONCLUSIONS DM induced sedative actions and a general inhibition of CNS activity observed by the decrease of animals' general activity, motor coordination and exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Martínez-Vázquez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Coyoacan, Mexico DF 04510, Mexico
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Sun C, Wang Z, Zheng Q, Zhang H. Salidroside inhibits migration and invasion of human fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 19:355-63. [PMID: 21978886 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2011.09.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Revised: 07/23/2011] [Accepted: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Salidroside, a phenylpropanoid glycoside isolated from Rhodiola rosea L., shows potent antioxidant property. Here we investigated the inhibitory effects of salidroside on tumor metastasis in human fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells in vitro. The results indicated that salidroside significantly reduced wound closure areas of HT1080 cells, inhibited HT1080 cells invasion into Matrigel-coated membranes, suppressed matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) activity, and increased tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) expression in a dose-dependent manner in HT1080 cells. Salidroside treatment upregulated the E-cadherin expression, while downregulated the expression of β1-integrin. As an antioxidant, salidroside inhibited the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in a dose-dependent manner. The results also showed that salidroside could inhibit the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, these results suggest that salidroside inhibits tumor cells metastasis, which may due to its interfere in the intracellular excess ROS thereby down-regulated the ROS-PKC-ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, PR China
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20
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Separation of injectable salidroside by column chromatography of macroporous resins for treating myocardial ischemia. Sci China Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-011-4471-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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21
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Qian EW, Ge DT, Kong SK. Salidroside promotes erythropoiesis and protects erythroblasts against oxidative stress by up-regulating glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 133:308-314. [PMID: 20920561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2010] [Revised: 09/04/2010] [Accepted: 09/09/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rhodiola rosea is commonly used in China and Tibet folk medicine for the treatment of high altitude sickness, anoxia and mountain malhypoxia. AIM OF STUDY Salidroside (SDS) is an active ingredient of Rhodiola rosea. This study attempted to examine the potential erythropoiesis-stimulating and anti-oxidative effect of SDS in TF-1 erythroblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS The erythropoiesis-promoting effect was determined by treating human TF-1 cells, one of the popular in vitro models for studying erythropoiesis, with SDS in the presence and absence of erythropoietin (EPO) through the measurement of the expression of a series of erythroid markers such as glycophorin A (GPA), transferrin receptor (CD71) and hemoglobin (Hb). The potential protective effect of SDS against H(2)O(2)-induced apoptosis and its underlying mechanism in TF-1 erythroblasts were examined by flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. RESULTS SDS promotes erythropoiesis in the EPO-treated cells and it also reduces the number of apoptotic cells in TF-1 erythroblasts after H(2)O(2) treatment probably through the up-regulation of protective proteins thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) and glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx1). CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence to explain the ethnopharmacological role of SDS and Rhodiola rosea in Chinese medicine. Our findings also support the use of SDS as an erythropoiesis-adjuvant agent to correct anemia and malhypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Wei Qian
- Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong.
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22
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Estrada-Reyes R, Martínez-Vázquez M, Gallegos-Solís A, Heinze G, Moreno J. Depressant effects of Clinopodium mexicanum Benth. Govaerts (Lamiaceae) on the central nervous system. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 130:1-8. [PMID: 20362043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2009] [Revised: 01/30/2010] [Accepted: 03/10/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The decoction of leaves of Clinopodium mexicanum Benth. Goaverts (Lamiaceae), commonly known as "Toronjil de Monte", is used in the Mexican traditional medicine to induce sleep, as well as sedative and analgesic remedy. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the putative depressant effects of an aqueous extract of the medicinal plant Clinopodium mexicanum on the central nervous system (CNS). MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of the extract (AECM) on mice were tested in several animal paradigms, including sodium pentobarbital-induced sleep, open field tests, and hole-board tests. The effects of AECM on pentylenetetrazole- and picrotoxin-induced convulsions in mice and on the antithermonociceptive response in the hot-plate paradigm were also tested. Additionally, the active extract (AECM) was analyzed with HPLC-ESI-MS techniques. RESULTS Mice acutely treated with AECM at 100, 200, 500 and 1000mg/kg doses prolonged the sleeping time induced by sodium pentobarbital (42mg/kg). This extract, at 100 and 200mg/kg doses, showed a sedative effect in the hole-board paradigm and decreased spontaneous activity in mice. AECM at 10, 100 and 200mg/kg prolonged the onset of seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole (90mg/kg) and antagonized tonic convulsions induced by picrotoxin (10mg/kg). Additionally, AECM inhibited the response to a thermonociceptive stimulus. The intraperitoneal AECM treatment produced mortality with an LD(50)=2154mg/kg. Chemical analysis showed that the flavanone glycosides neoponcirin, poncirin, and isonaringenin are the main compounds of the active extract. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that an acutely administered single dose of an aqueous extract of Clinopodium mexicanum can exert depressant effects on the CNS. These findings are in agreement with the traditional use of Clinopodium mexicanum to induce sleep as well as sedative and analgesic remedy. The chemical analysis of AECM revealed the presence of the flavanone glycosides neoponcirin, poncirin, and isonaringin.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Estrada-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Fitofarmacología, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Delegación Tlalpan, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
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Yao Y, Jia M, Wu JG, Zhang H, Sun LN, Chen WS, Rahman K. Anxiolytic and sedative-hypnotic activities of polygalasaponins from Polygala tenuifolia in mice. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2010; 48:801-7. [PMID: 20645780 DOI: 10.3109/13880200903280042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the anxiolytic and sedative-hypnotic activities of polygalasaponins extracted from Polygala tenuifolia Willdenow (Polygalaceae) were determined in mice using hole-board, elevated plus maze, open field, and sodium pentobarbital-induced hypnosis tests. Moreover, the acute toxicity of polygalasaponins was also estimated in mice. Sixty minutes after p.o. administration of polygalasaponins (40, 80, 160 mg/kg) in mice, the central crossing counts and percentage of central/total ambulation significantly increased and the number of rearings and defecations was evidently inhibited in the open field test. Polygalasaponins also increased the head-dips of mice in the hole-board test and the time spent by mice in the open arms of the X-maze, prolonged sleep duration and shortened sleep latency in the test of synergetic effect on sodium pentobarbital (45 and 25 mg/kg, respectively). Acute toxic study showed the oral median lethal dose (LD(50)) of polygalasaponins was 3.95 g/kg and 0% lethal dose 2.6 g/kg. These results suggest that polygalasaponin possesses evident anxiolytic and sedative-hypnotic activities and has a relatively safe dose range, which supports the use of Polygala tenuifolia root as an anxiolytic and sedative-hypnotic drug in folk medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yao
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Primary study of volatiles composition of Rhodiola sachalinensis by using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-010-0170-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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HE YX, LIU XD, WANG XT, LIU X, WANG GJ, XIE L. Sodium-dependent Glucose Transporter Was Involved in Salidroside Absorption in Intestine of Rats. Chin J Nat Med 2010. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1009.2009.00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Fang XS, Hao JF, Zhou HY, Zhu LX, Wang JH, Song FQ. Pharmacological studies on the sedative-hypnotic effect of Semen Ziziphi spinosae (Suanzaoren) and Radix et Rhizoma Salviae miltiorrhizae (Danshen) extracts and the synergistic effect of their combinations. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 17:75-80. [PMID: 19682877 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2009.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2009] [Revised: 04/27/2009] [Accepted: 07/03/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Semen Ziziphi spinosae (Suanzaoren in China) and Radix et Rhizoma Salviae miltiorrhizae (Danshen in China) are conventional herbal drugs in traditional Chinese medicine and have been used widely for the treatment of insomnia. In the present study, the sedative-hypnotic activity of the active fractions extracted from Suanzaoren and Danshen were studied using the method of pentobarbital-induced sleep in the mouse model. Qualitative analysis of the standardized extracts was carried out by HPLC-DAD. The results showed that the water extract of Suanzaoren (SWE) (400 and 800 mg/kg body wt.) and the ether extract of Danshen (DTT) (300 and 600 mg/kg body wt.) can shorten sleep latency significantly, increase sleeping time and prolong movement convalescence time induced by sodium pentobarbital (55 mg/kg body wt.) administration in mice. Furthermore, the combination of SWE and DTT showed significant synergistic effect (p<0.05) in decreasing sleep latency and increasing sleeping time, but not in prolonging the movement convalescence time, which might be helpful for energy recovery in the treatment of insomnia. The results suggest that SWE, DTT, and the combination of SWE and DTT possess significant sedative-hypnotic activity, which supports the popular use of Suanzaoren and Danshen for treatment of insomnia and provide the basis for new drug discovery. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that the combination of SWE and DTT may be preferable for the treatment of insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Sh Fang
- College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University (SDAU), Taian, Shandong 271018, China
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27
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Sodium-dependent Glucose Transporter Was Involved in Salidroside Absorption in Intestine of Rats. Chin J Nat Med 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(09)60068-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Qu ZQ, Zhou Y, Zeng YS, Li Y, Chung P. Pretreatment with Rhodiola rosea extract reduces cognitive impairment induced by intracerebroventricular streptozotocin in rats: implication of anti-oxidative and neuroprotective effects. BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES : BES 2009; 22:318-326. [PMID: 19950527 DOI: 10.1016/s0895-3988(09)60062-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the pretreatment effects of Rhodiola rosea (R. rosea) extract on cognitive dysfunction, oxidative stress in hippocampus and hippocampal neuron injury in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with R. rosea extract at doses of 1.5, 3.0, and 6.0 g/kg for 3 weeks, followed by bilateral intracerebroventricular injection with streptozotocin (1.5 mg/kg) on days 1 and 3. Behavioral alterations were monitored after 2 weeks from the lesion using Morris water maze task. Three weeks after the lesion, the rats were sacrificed for measuring the malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione reductase (GR) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in hippocampus and histopathology of hippocampal neurons. RESULTS The MDA level was significantly increased while the GR and GSH levels were significantly decreased with striking impairments in spatial learning and memory and severe damage to hippocampal neurons in the model rat induced by intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin. These abnormalities were significantly improved by pretreatment with R. rosea extract (3.0 g/kg). CONCLUSION R. rosea extract can protect rats against cognitive deficits, neuronal injury and oxidative stress induced by intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin, and may be used as a potential agent in treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Qiang Qu
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
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Ma C, Tang J, Wang H, Tao G, Gu X, Hu L. Preparative purification of salidroside from Rhodiola rosea by two-step adsorption chromatography on resins. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:185-91. [PMID: 19156642 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Salidroside is an effective adaptogenic drug extracted from Rhodiola species. In the present study, a simple and efficient method for preparative separation and purification of salidroside from the Chinese medicinal plant Rhodiola rosesa was developed by adsorption chromatography on macroporous resins. The static adsorption isotherms and kinetics of some resins have been determined and compared for preparative separation of salidroside. According to our results, HPD-200 resin is the most appropriate medium for the separation of salidroside and its adsorption data fit the Langmuir isotherm well. Dynamic adsorption and desorption were carried out in glass columns packed with HPD-200 to optimize the separation process. After two adsorption and desorption runs, a product with a salidroside content of 92.21% and an overall recovery of 48.82% was achieved. In addition, pure lamellar crystals of salidroside with a purity of 99.00% could be obtained from this product. Its molecular weight was determined by an ESI-MS method. The simple purification scheme avoids toxic organic solvents used in silica gel and high-speed counter-current chromatographic separation processes and thus increases the safety of the process and can be helpful for large-scale salidroside production from Rhodiola rosea or other plant extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Jiangnan University), School of Food Science and Technology, Wuxi, China
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30
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Cheng Z, Zhang Y. Spectroscopic investigation on the interaction of salidroside with bovine serum albumin. J Mol Struct 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2008.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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31
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Wu YL, Piao DM, Han XH, Nan JX. Protective effects of salidroside against acetaminophen-induced toxicity in mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2008; 31:1523-9. [PMID: 18670083 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.1523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The protective effect of salidroside (SDS) isolated from Rhodiola sachalinensis A. BOR. (Crassulaceae), was investigated in acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatic toxicity mouse model in comparison to N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Drug-induced hepatotoxicity was induced by an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 300 mg/kg (sub-lethal dose) of APAP. SDS was given orally to mice at a dose of 50 or 100 mg/kg 2 h before the APAP administration in parallel with NAC. Mice were sacrificed 12 h after the APAP injection to determine aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels in serum and glutathione (GSH) depletion, malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, and caspase-3 expression in liver tissues. SDS significantly protected APAP-induced hepatotoxicity for SDS improved mouse survival rates better than NAC against a lethal dose of APAP and significantly blocked not only APAP-induced increases of AST, ALT, and TNF-alpha but also APAP-induced GSH depletion and MDA accumulation. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses also demonstrated that SDS could reduce the appearance of necrosis regions as well as caspase-3 and hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) expression in liver tissue. Our results indicated that SDS protected liver tissue from the APAP-induced oxidative damage via preventing or alleviating intracellular GSH depletion and oxidation damage, which suggested that SDS would be a potential antidote against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ling Wu
- Key Laboratory of Organism Functional Factors of the Changbai Mountain, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin Province, China
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Chen S, Zhang D, Chen S, Xia T, Gao Q, Duan Y, Zhang F. Determination of Salidroside in Medicinal Plants Belonging to the Rhodiola L. Genus Originating from the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. Chromatographia 2008. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-008-0705-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Zhang J, Chen X, Wang P, Huo L, Shen Z, Guo X, Cheng W, Bi K. LC–MS Determination and Pharmacokinetic Study of Salidroside in Rat Plasma after Oral Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Preparation Rhodiola crenulata Extract. Chromatographia 2008. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-008-0585-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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