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Boateng ID. Polyprenols in Ginkgo biloba; a review of their chemistry (synthesis of polyprenols and their derivatives), extraction, purification, and bioactivities. Food Chem 2023; 418:136006. [PMID: 36996648 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
The Ginkgo biloba L. (GB) contains high bioactive compounds. To date, flavonoids and terpene trilactone have received the majority of attention in GB studies, and the GB has been utilized globally in functional food and pharmacological firms, with sales > $10 billion since 2017, while the other active components, for instance, polyprenols (a natural lipid) with various bioactivities have received less attention. Hence, this review focused on polyprenols' chemistry (synthesis of polyprenols and their derivatives) extraction, purification, and bioactivities from GB for the first time. The various extractions and purification methods (nano silica-based adsorbent, bulk ionic liquid membrane, etc.) were delved into, and their advantages and limitations were discussed. Besides, numerous bioactivities of the extracted Ginkgo biloba polyprenols (GBP) were reviewed. The review showed that GB contains some polyprenols in acetic esters' form. Prenylacetic esters are free of adverse effects. Besides, the polyprenols from GB have numerous bioactivities such as anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-viral activity, etc. The application of GBPs in the food, cosmetics, and drugs industries such as micelles, liposomes, and nano-emulsions was delved into. Finally, the toxicity of polyprenol was reviewed, and it was concluded that GBP was not carcinogenic, teratogenic, or mutagenic, giving a theoretical justification for using GBP as a raw material for functional foods. This article will aid researchers to better understand the need to explore GBP usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Duah Boateng
- Food Science Program, Division of Food, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, University of Missouri, 1406 E Rollins Street, Columbia, MO 65211, United States.
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Gladchuk AS, Krasnov KA, Keltsieva OA, Kalninia YK, Alexandrova ML, Ivanov NS, Muradymov MZ, Krasnov NV, Reynyuk VL, Sukhodolov NG, Podolskaya EP. A new approach for analysis of polyprenols by a combination of thin-film chemical deposition and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35:e9185. [PMID: 34460139 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The polyprenols are involved in some essential biosynthetic pathways and serve as ubiquitous components of cellular membranes, so their fingerprinting in natural samples is of great interest. Previous studies indicate that due to the high hydrophobicity of polyprenols their direct analysis by mass spectrometry with soft ionization techniques may be difficult and require preliminary off-line derivatization. Hence, a method for rapid and sensitive screening of polyprenols is required. METHODS A combination of thin-film chemical deposition and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) was used for analysis of the polyprenol profile of Abies sibirica L. extract. Polyprenol-based monolayers were formed at the interphase of aqueous barium acetate solution, supplemented with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, and an n-hexane solution of polyprenols directly on a MALDI target plate. RESULTS Peaks corresponding to [M - H + Ba]+ ions were observed in the MALDI-TOF mass spectra of polyprenols. A total of nine polyprenol homologues were identified with a polyprenol of 16 isoprene units dominating. The limit of detection was established at the level of 6 pg. Possible mechanisms of formation of [M - H + Ba]+ ions of polyprenols were discussed. CONCLUSIONS The proposed approach can be suitable for high-throughput screening of polyprenols in biological samples of different origin due to easy sample preparation and high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey S Gladchuk
- Golikov Research Center of Toxicology, St. Petersburg, 192019, Russia
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
| | | | - Olga A Keltsieva
- Golikov Research Center of Toxicology, St. Petersburg, 192019, Russia
- Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 198095, Russia
| | - Yana K Kalninia
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, 195251, Russia
| | | | - Nikita S Ivanov
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
| | - Marat Z Muradymov
- Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 198095, Russia
| | - Nikolai V Krasnov
- Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 198095, Russia
| | | | - Nikolai G Sukhodolov
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
| | - Ekaterina P Podolskaya
- Golikov Research Center of Toxicology, St. Petersburg, 192019, Russia
- Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 198095, Russia
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Supercritical-CO 2 extraction, identification and quantification of polyprenol as a bioactive ingredient from Irish trees species. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7461. [PMID: 33811219 PMCID: PMC8018978 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86393-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study ascertained the accumulation of polyprenol from four Irish conifer species Picea sitchensis, Cedrus atlantica ‘Glauca’, Pinus sylvestris and Taxus baccata and one flowering tree Cotoneaster hybrida using supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide (SFE-CO2) and solvent extraction. The effects of SFE-CO2 parameters such as temperature (ranged from 40 to 70 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$^\circ{\rm C}$$\end{document}∘C), pressure (ranged from 100 to 350 bars) and dynamic time (from 70 min to 7 h) were analysed on the extraction efficiency of polyprenol. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of polyprenol was examined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Results showed that P. sylvestris accumulated the highest polyprenol yield of 14.00 ± \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$0.4$$\end{document}0.4mg g−1 DW when extracted with hexane:acetone (1:1 v/v). However, with SFE-CO2 conditions of 200 bars, 70 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$^\circ{\rm C}$$\end{document}∘C, 7 h, with absolute ethanol as a cosolvent with a flow rate of 0.05 ml min−1, P. sitchensis accumulated the highest polyprenol yield of 6.35 ± \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$0.4$$\end{document}0.4 mg g−1DW. This study emphasised the potential application of SFE-CO2 in the extraction of polyprenol as an environmentally friendly method to be used in pharmaceutical and food industries.
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Fox CB, Van Hoeven N, Granger B, Lin S, Guderian JA, Hartwig A, Marlenee N, Bowen RA, Soultanov V, Carter D. Vaccine adjuvant activity of emulsified oils from species of the Pinaceae family. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 64:152927. [PMID: 31465981 PMCID: PMC6790179 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Next to aluminum salts, squalene nanoemulsions comprise the most widely employed class of adjuvants in approved vaccines. Despite their importance, the mechanisms of action of squalene nanoemulsions are not completely understood, nor are the structure/function requirements of the oil composition. PURPOSE In this study, we build on previous work that compared the adjuvant properties of nanoemulsions made with different classes of oil structures to squalene nanoemulsion. Here, we introduce nanoemulsions made with polyprenols derived from species of the Pinaceae family as novel vaccine adjuvant compositions. In contrast with long-chain triglycerides that do not efficiently enhance an immune response, both polyprenols and squalene are comprised of multimeric isoprene units, which may represent an important structural property of oils in nanoemulsions with adjuvant properties. STUDY DESIGN Oils derived from species of the Pinaceae family were formulated in nanoemulsions, with or without a synthetic Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) ligand, and characterized regarding physicochemical and biological activity properties in comparison to squalene nanoemulsions. METHODS Oils were extracted from species of the Pinaceae family and used to prepare oil-in-water nanoemulsions by microfluidization. Emulsion droplet diameter stability was characterized by dynamic light scattering. Nanoemulsions were evaluated for in vitro biological activity using human whole blood, and in vivo biological activity in mouse, pig, and ferret models when combined with pandemic influenza vaccine antigens. RESULTS Nanoemulsions comprised of Pinaceae-derived polyprenol oils demonstrated long-term physical stability, stimulated cytokine production from human cells in vitro, and promoted antigen-specific immune responses in various animal models, particularly when formulated with the TLR4 ligand glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant (GLA). CONCLUSION Pinaceae-derived nanoemulsions are compatible with inclusion of a synthetic TLR4 ligand and promote antigen-specific immune responses to pandemic influenza antigens in mouse, pig, and ferret models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B Fox
- IDRI, 1616 Eastlake Ave E, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | | | | | - Susan Lin
- IDRI, 1616 Eastlake Ave E, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Airn Hartwig
- Colorado State University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Nicole Marlenee
- Colorado State University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Richard A Bowen
- Colorado State University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Vagif Soultanov
- Prenolica Limited, 98-106 Moray St., South Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Darrick Carter
- IDRI, 1616 Eastlake Ave E, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Fedotova J, Zarembo D, Dragasek J, Caprnda M, Kruzliak P, Dudnichenko T. Modulating Effects of Cholecalciferol Treatment on Estrogen Deficiency-Induced Anxiety-Like Behavior of Adult Female Rats. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2019; 59:139-158. [PMID: 28704190 DOI: 10.1515/folmed-2017-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D can be one of the candidate substances that are used as additional supplementation in the treatment of anxiety-related disorders in women with estrogen imbalance. MATERIALS AND METHODS The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of chronic cholecalciferol administration (1.0, 2.5 or 5.0 mg/kg/day, s.c.) on the anxiety-like behavior and monoamines levels in the rat hippocampus following ovariectomy in female rats. Cholecalciferol was given to ovariectomized (OVX) rats and OVX rats treated with 17β-estradiol (17β-E2, 0.5 μg/rat, s.c.). The anxiety-like behavior was assessed in the elevated plus maze (EPM) and the light-dark tests (LDT), locomotor and grooming activities were assessed in the open-field test (OFT). RESULTS Cholecalciferol in high doses alone or in combination with 17β-E2-induced anxiolytic-like effects in OVX and OVX rats treated with 17β-E2 as evidenced in the EPM and LDT tests, and increased grooming activity in the OFT test. We found that DA and 5-HT levels increased while 5-HT turnover in the hippocampus decreased in these groups of OVX rats. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that cholecalciferol in high doses has a marked anxiolytic-like effect due to an increase in the monoamines levels in the experimental rat model of estrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Fedotova
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, I.P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia,Laboratory of Comparative Somnology and Neuroendocrinology, I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry,
Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia,International Research Centre «Biotechnologies of the Third Millennium», ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Daria Zarembo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, State Institute of Technology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Jozef Dragasek
- First Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University and University Hospital, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Caprnda
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Kruzliak
- Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tatyana Dudnichenko
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology named after S.N. Davydov, I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University,
St. Petersburg, Russia
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Fedotova JO. Vitamin D 3 treatment differentially affects anxiety-like behavior in the old ovariectomized female rats and old ovariectomized female rats treated with low dose of 17β-estradiol. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 20:49. [PMID: 30967121 PMCID: PMC6454671 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0774-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estrogen deficiency effects on affective-related behavior are restricted to certain periods of age after ovary removal. Among other nutraceuticals, one of such «natural» substances for treatment of affective-related diseases could be vitamin D3. It is a great interest to evaluate the effects of repeated cholecalciferol administration on anxiety-related behavior in the old female rats with long-term estrogen deficiency. The present study was performed to determine the behavioral effects of cholecalciferol treatment at different doses as an adjunctive therapy alone or in a combination with low dose of 17β-estradiol on anxiety-like behavior of the old (16-18 months) female rats at 12 weeks after ovariectomy. METHODS Vitamin D3 supplementation individually (as cholecalciferol at doses of 1.0, 2.5 or 5.0 mg/kg/day, s.c.) or in co-administration with of 17β-estradiol (17β-E2, 0.5 μg/rat, s.c.) were given to the old ovariectomized (OVX) rats at 12 weeks after ovariectomy. Anxiety-related state was tested in the elevated plus maze (EPM) and light-dark test (LDT), as well behavioral reactivity was registered in the open field test (OFT). Moreover, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels in the blood serum of these OVX rats treated with Vitamin D3 or Vitamin D3 plus 17β-E2 were measured. RESULTS The results of the present study indicated that Vitamin D3 supplementation at dose of 1.0 mg/kg/day decreased manifestations of anxiety-like profile in the old OVX rats. Treatment with Vitamin D3 (1.0 mg/kg/day) plus 17β-E2 in resulted in more profound anxiolytic-like effects the old OVX rats than effects of both drugs administered alone. Moreover, treatment with cholecalciferol (1.0 mg/kg/day, s.c.) in the old ovariectomized rats after ovariectomy at 12 weeks produced elevated estradiol and 25-OH-VD3 levels for these rats as compared to the old OVX females treated with oil solvent. CONCLUSIONS Using the preclinical study, chronic cholecalciferol, 17β-E2 and their combination treatment were shown to be effective for anxiety-like treatment in the old subjects with long-term estrogen deficiency.
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Khodanovich MY, Pishchelko AO, Glazacheva VY, Pan ES, Krutenkova EP, Trusov VB, Yarnykh VL. Plant polyprenols reduce demyelination and recover impaired oligodendrogenesis and neurogenesis in the cuprizone murine model of multiple sclerosis. Phytother Res 2019; 33:1363-1373. [PMID: 30864249 PMCID: PMC6594192 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies showed hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and immunomodulatory properties of polyprenols isolated from the green verdure of Picea abies(L.) Karst. This study aimed to investigate effects of polyprenols on oligodendrogenesis, neurogenesis, and myelin content in the cuprizone demyelination model. Demyelination was induced by 0.5% cuprizone in CD‐1 mice during 10 weeks. Nine cuprizone‐treated animals received daily injections of polyprenols intraperitoneally at a dose of 12‐mg/kg body weight during Weeks 6–10. Nine control animals and other nine cuprizone‐treated received sham oil injections. At Week 10, brain sections were stained for myelin basic protein, neuro‐glial antigen‐2, and doublecortin to evaluate demyelination, oligodendrogenesis, and neurogenesis. Cuprizone administration caused a decrease in myelin basic protein in the corpus callosum, cortex, hippocampus, and the caudate putamen compared with the controls. Oligodendrogenesis was increased, and neurogenesis in the subventricular zone and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus was decreased in the cuprizone‐treated group compared with the controls. Mice treated with cuprizone and polyprenols did not show significant demyelination and differences in oligodendrogenesis and neurogenesis as compared with the controls. Our results suggest that polyprenols can halt demyelination, restore impaired neurogenesis, and mitigate reactive overproduction of oligodendrocytes caused by cuprizone neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna O Pishchelko
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | | | - Edgar S Pan
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Elena P Krutenkova
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir B Trusov
- Prenolica Limited (formerly Solagran Limited), Biotechnology Company, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vasily L Yarnykh
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russian Federation.,Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Zhuang XX, Zang X, Zheng GY, Hua N, Sun Y, Hu YH, He L. Polyprenols mitigate cognitive dysfunction and neuropathology in the APP/PS1 mouse. Phytother Res 2018; 32:1098-1107. [PMID: 29468792 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a very common neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly and brings considerable financial and social problems worldwide. In this study, polyprenols were firstly evaluated the effects on the cognitive deficits and neuropathology in APP/PS1 mice model of AD. At 3 months old, the APP/PS1 mice were divided into model group; polyprenols low, middle, and high dosage group; and positive drug group. Age-matched wild-type mice were chosen in control group. The administration by oral gavage lasted 6 months. Polyprenols treatment significantly improved cognitive impairment of double transgenic mice compared with vehicle control treatment in behavioral tests. In addition, immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that there were significantly reductions in neuritic plaques and the level of hyperphosphorylated tau in brain of polyprenols-treated mice. Furthermore, we found that polyprenols treatment reduced the apoptotic cells in brain sections of 9-month-old APP/PS1 mice. These results reveal that polyprenols exert neuroprotective effects in APP/PS1 mice and could represent an effective treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Xu Zhuang
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Xuan Zang
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Guang-Yao Zheng
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Lab of Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China
| | - Nan Hua
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Yu-Hui Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Ling He
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
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Fedotova J, Pivina S, Sushko A. Effects of Chronic Vitamin D₃ Hormone Administration on Anxiety-Like Behavior in Adult Female Rats after Long-Term Ovariectomy. Nutrients 2017; 9:E28. [PMID: 28054941 PMCID: PMC5295072 DOI: 10.3390/nu9010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present preclinical study was created to determine the therapeutic effects of vitamin D hormone treatment as an adjunctive therapy alone or in a combination with low dose of 17β-estradiol (17β-E₂) on anxiety-like behavior in female rats with long-term absence of estrogen. Accordingly, the aim of the current study was to examine the effects of chronic cholecalciferol administration (1.0, 2.5 or 5.0 mg/kg subcutaneously, SC, once daily, for 14 days) on the anxiety-like state after long-term ovariectomy in female rats. Twelve weeks postovariectomy, cholecalciferol was administered to ovariectomized (OVX) rats and OVX rats treated with 17β-E₂ (0.5 µg/rat SC, once daily, for 14 days). Anxiety-like behavior was assessed in the elevated plus maze (EPM) and the light/dark test (LDT), and locomotor and grooming activities were tested in the open field test (OFT). Cholecalciferol at two doses of 1.0 and 2.5 mg/kg alone or in combination with 17β-E₂ produced anxiolytic-like effects in OVX rats as evidenced in the EPM and the LDT, as well as increased grooming activity in the OFT. Our results indicate that cholecalciferol, at two doses of 1.0 and 2.5 mg/kg, has a profound anxiolytic-like effects in the experimental rat model of long-term estrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Fedotova
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, I.P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Emb. Makarova, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
- Laboratory of Comparative Somnology and Neuroendocrinology, I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Tores pr., Saint Petersburg 194223, Russia.
- International Research Centre, Biotechnologies of the Third Millennium, ITMO University, 9 Lomonosova str., Saint Petersburg 191002, Russia.
| | - Svetlana Pivina
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, I.P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Emb. Makarova, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
| | - Anastasia Sushko
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, I.P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Emb. Makarova, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular biology, ITMO University, 49 Kronverksky pr., Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia.
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Fedotova J, Soultanov V, Nikitina T, Roschin V, Ordyan N, Hritcu L. Ropren® treatment reverses anxiety-like behavior and monoamines levels in gonadectomized rat model of Alzheimer’s disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:1444-1455. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.08.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Muceniece R, Namniece J, Nakurte I, Jekabsons K, Riekstina U, Jansone B. Pharmacological research on natural substances in Latvia: Focus on lunasin, betulin, polyprenol and phlorizin. Pharmacol Res 2016; 113:760-770. [PMID: 27109319 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this concise review the current research in plant bioactive compound studies in Latvia is described. The paper summarizes recent studies on substances from edible plants (e.g., cereals and apples) or their synthetic analogues, such as peptide lunasin, as well as substances isolated from inedible plants (e.g., birch and conifer), such as pentacyclic triterpenes (e.g., betulin, betulinic acid, and lupeol) and polyprenols. Latvian researchers have been first to demonstrate the presence of lunasin in triticale and oats. Additionally, the impact of genotype on the levels of lunasin in cereals was shown. Pharmacological studies have revealed effects of lunasin and synthetic triterpenes on the central nervous system in rodents. We were first to show that synthetic lunasin causes a marked neuroleptic/cataleptic effect and that betulin antagonizes bicuculline-induced seizures (a GABA A receptor antagonist). Studies on the mechanisms of action showed that lunasin binds to dopamine D1 receptors and betulin binds to melanocortin and gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptors therefore we suggest that these receptors play an essential role in lunasin's and betulin's central effects. Recent studies on conifer polyprenols demonstrated the ability of polyprenols to prevent statin-induced muscle weakness in a rat model. Another study on plant compounds has demonstrated the anti-hyperglycemic activity of phlorizin-containing unripe apple pomace in healthy volunteers. In summary, research into plant-derived compounds in Latvia has been focused on fractionating, isolating and characterizing of lunasin, triterpenes, polyprenols and phlorizin using in vitro, and in vivo assays, and human observational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruta Muceniece
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga, LV1586, Latvia.
| | - Jana Namniece
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga, LV1586, Latvia
| | - Ilva Nakurte
- Department of Physical chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga, LV1586, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Jekabsons
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga, LV1586, Latvia
| | - Una Riekstina
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga, LV1586, Latvia
| | - Baiba Jansone
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd, Riga, LV1586, Latvia
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Cognitive-enhancing activities of the polyprenol preparation Ropren® in gonadectomized β-amyloid (25–35) rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Physiol Behav 2016; 157:55-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Soultanov V, Fedotova J, Nikitina T, Roschin V, Ordyan N, Hritcu L. Antidepressant-Like Effect of Ropren® in β-Amyloid-(25–35) Rat Model of Alzheimer’s Disease with Altered Levels of Androgens. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:2611-2621. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9848-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Zhang Q, Huang L, Zhang C, Xie P, Zhang Y, Ding S, Xu F. Synthesis and biological activity of polyprenols. Fitoterapia 2015; 106:184-93. [PMID: 26358482 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The polyprenols and their derivatives are highlighted in this study. These lipid linear polymers of isoprenoid residues are widespread in nature from bacteria to human cells. This review primarily presents the synthesis and biological activities of polyprenyl derivatives. Attention is focused on the synthesis and biological activity of dolichols, polyprenyl ester derivatives and polyprenyl amines. Other polyprenyl derivatives, such as oxides of polyprenols, aromatic polyprenols, polyprenyl bromide and polyprenyl sulphates, are mentioned. It is noted that polyprenyl phosphates and polyprenyl-linked glycosylation have better antibacterial, gene therapy and immunomodulating performance, whereas polyprenyl amines have better for antibacterial and antithrombotic activity. Dolichols, polyprenyl acetic esters, polyprenyl phosphates and polyprenyl-linked glycosylation have pharmacological anti-tumour effects. Finally, the postulated prospect of polyprenols and their derivatives are discussed. Further in vivo studies on the above derivatives are needed. The compatibility of polyprenols and their derivatives with other drugs should be studied, and new preparations of polyprenyl derivatives, such as hydrogel glue and release-controlled drugs, are suggested for future research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042, China; National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open lab. of Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042, China; Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042, China; Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lixin Huang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042, China; National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open lab. of Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042, China; Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042, China.
| | - Caihong Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042, China; National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open lab. of Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042, China; Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042, China
| | - Pujun Xie
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042, China; National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open lab. of Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042, China; Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042, China
| | - Yaolei Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042, China; National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open lab. of Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042, China; Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042, China
| | - Shasha Ding
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042, China; National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open lab. of Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042, China; Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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Watanabe K, Okada K, Fukabori R, Hayashi Y, Asahi K, Terawaki H, Kobayashi K, Watanabe T, Nakayama M. Methylglyoxal (MG) and cerebro-renal interaction: does long-term orally administered MG cause cognitive impairment in normal Sprague-Dawley rats? Toxins (Basel) 2014; 6:254-69. [PMID: 24402234 PMCID: PMC3920260 DOI: 10.3390/toxins6010254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG), one of the uremic toxins, is a highly reactive alpha-dicarbonyl compound. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated the close associations of cognitive impairment (CI) with plasma MG levels and presence of kidney dysfunction. Therefore, the present study aims to examine whether MG is a direct causative substance for CI development. Eight-week-old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into two groups: control (n = 9) and MG group (n = 10; 0.5% MG in drinking water), and fed a normal diet for 12 months. Cognitive function was evaluated by two behavioral tests (object exploration test and radial-arm maze test) in early (4–6 months of age) and late phase (7–12 months of age). Serum MG was significantly elevated in the MG group (495.8 ± 38.1 vs. 244.8 ± 28.2 nM; p < 0.001) at the end of study. The groups did not differ in cognitive function during the course of study. No time-course differences were found in oxidative stress markers between the two groups, while, antioxidants such as glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities were significantly increased in the MG group compared to the control. Long-term MG administration to rats with normal kidney function did not cause CI. A counter-balanced activation of the systemic anti-oxidant system may offset the toxicity of MG in this model. Pathogenetic significance of MG for CI requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimio Watanabe
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Kana Okada
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Ryoji Fukabori
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Yoshimitsu Hayashi
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Koichi Asahi
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Terawaki
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Kazuto Kobayashi
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Tsuyoshi Watanabe
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Masaaki Nakayama
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.
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