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Xia J, Chen C, Sun Y, Li S, Li Y, Cheng BR, Pang Y, Li Y, Li D, Lin Q. Panax quinquefolius saponins and panax notoginseng saponins attenuate myocardial hypoxia-reoxygenation injury by reducing excessive mitophagy. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01267-z. [PMID: 38713401 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01267-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Panax quinquefolius saponins (PQS) and Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) are key bioactive compounds in Panax quinquefolius L. and Panax notoginseng, commonly used in the treatment of clinical ischemic heart disease. However, their potential in mitigating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury remains uncertain. This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of combined PQS and PNS administration in myocardial hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury and explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS To investigate the involvement of HIF-1α/BNIP3 mitophagy pathway in the myocardial protection conferred by PNS and PQS, we employed small interfering BNIP3 (siBNIP3) to silence key proteins of the pathway. H9C2 cells were categorized into four groups: control, H/R, H/R + PQS + PNS, and H/R + PQS + PNS+siBNIP3. Cell viability was assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8, apoptosis rates determined via flow cytometry, mitochondrial membrane potential assessed with the JC-1 fluorescent probes, intracellular reactive oxygen species detected with 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, mitochondrial superoxide production quantified with MitoSOX Red, and autophagic flux monitored with mRFP-GFP-LC3 adenoviral vectors. Autophagosomes and their ultrastructure were visualized through transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, mRNA and protein levels were analyzed via real-time PCR and Western blotting. RESULTS PQS + PNS administration significantly increased cell viability, reduced apoptosis, lowered reactive oxygen species levels and mitochondrial superoxide production, mitigated mitochondrial dysfunction, and induced autophagic flux. Notably, siBNIP3 intervention did not counteract the cardioprotective effect of PQS + PNS. The PQS + PNS group showed downregulated mRNA expression of HIF-1α and BNIP3, along with reduced HIF-1α protein expression compared to the H/R group. CONCLUSIONS PQS + PNS protects against myocardial H/R injury, potentially by downregulating mitophagy through the HIF-1α/BNIP3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100700, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guanganmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100053, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Sun
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100700, Beijing, China
| | - Sinai Li
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 100010, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100078, Beijing, China
| | - Bai-Ru Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100700, Beijing, China
| | - Yanting Pang
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100700, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100078, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Dongfang Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100078, Beijing, China.
| | - Qian Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100700, Beijing, China.
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Pan D, Xu L, Chen P, Miao L, Tian Y, Shi D, Guo M. Panax Quinquefolium Saponins enhances angiogenesis in rats with diabetes and myocardial infarction. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117252. [PMID: 37777023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Xi Yang Shen (Panax quinquefolium L.) was originally recorded in "Ben Cao Cong Xin" edited by Wu Yiluo during the Qing Dynasty. Panax Quinquefolium Saponins (PQS) is the main component derived from Panax quinquefolium L, and has been wildly used in the treatment of coronary heart disease. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to explore the potential role and underlying mechanisms of PQS in promoting angiogenesis in rats with diabetes and myocardial infarction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Echocardiograms were used to assess cardiac function, while the heart weight to tibia length ratio was calculated to determine cardiac hypertrophy. Hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff and Masson's trichrome staining were used to examine cardiac morphology, myocyte diameter, and myocardial fibrosis. Immunofluorescence staining was employed to evaluate arteriolar density. The transcriptomes were analyzed and bioinformatic analyses were conducted to predict the potential angiogenesis-promoting mechanism of PQS. In addition, RT-PCR and western blotting was utilized to examine the expression of genes and proteins influenced by PQS. RESULTS PQS improved blood glucose, ameliorated cardiac function, reduced cardiac hypertrophy, and enhanced myocardial morphology in diabetic rats with myocardial infarction. PQS was also found to decrease myocyte diameter, curtail myocardial fibrosis, and increase arteriolar density. However, the effects of PQS were abolished following the deletion of protein kinase C δ (PKCδ). Molecular docking predicted strong interactions between the major blood components of PQS and PKCδ. Transcriptomic and bioinformatic analyses indicated that PQS may bolster angiogenesis by activating the VEGF/PI3K-Akt/eNOS pathway in rats with diabetes and myocardial infarction. Finally, the study demonstrated that PQS could inhibit the expression of PKCδ and stimulate the activation of the VEGF/PI3K-Akt/eNOS pathway. CONCLUSIONS PQS improves blood glucose, enhances cardiac function, mitigates cardiac damage, and boosts arteriolar density. The angiogenic impact of PQS appears to be, at least partially, due to its modulation of the PKCδ-mediated VEGF/PI3K-Akt/eNOS signaling pathway in rats with diabetes and myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng Pan
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Gynecological Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Chen
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Miao
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Tian
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital of the Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dazhuo Shi
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Ming Guo
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Liu T, Ma Y, Zhao H, Wang P, Niu Y, Hu Y, Shen X, Zhang M, Yan B, Yu J. Hawthorn leaves flavonoids attenuate cardiac remodeling induced by simulated microgravity. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2023; 61:683-695. [PMID: 37096968 PMCID: PMC10132252 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2203194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Hawthorn leaves are a kind of widely used medicinal plant in China. The major ingredient, hawthorn leaves flavonoids (HLF), have cardiotonic, cardioprotective, and vascular protective effects. OBJECTIVE The study evaluated the protective role of HLF in cardiac remodelling and the underlying mechanisms under simulated microgravity by hindlimb unloading rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control, HLF, HU (hindlimb unloading) and HU + HLF groups (n = 8). After HU and daily intragastric administration at the dose of 100 mg/kg/d for 8 weeks, cardiac function and structure were evaluated by biochemical indices and histopathology. We identified the main active compounds and mechanisms involved in the cardioprotective effects of HLF via bioinformatics and molecular docking analysis, and relative signalling pathway activity was verified by Western blot. RESULTS HLF treatment could reverse the HU-induced decline in LV-EF (HU, 55.13% ± 0.98% vs. HU + HLF, 71.16% ± 5.08%), LV-FS (HU, 29.44% ± 0.67% vs. HU + HLF, 41.62% ± 4.34%) and LV mass (HU, 667.99 ± 65.69 mg vs. HU + HLF, 840.02 ± 73.00 mg). Furthermore, HLF treatment significantly increased NPRA expression by 135.39%, PKG by 51.27%, decreased PDE5A by 20.03%, NFATc1 by 41.68% and Rcan1.4 by 54.22%. CONCLUSIONS HLF plays a protective effect on HU-induced cardiac remodelling by enhancing NPRA-cGMP-PKG pathway and suppressing the calcineurin-NFAT pathway, which provides a theoretical basis for use in clinical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Liu
- Clinical Experimental Center, Northwest University Affiliated Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Shaanxi, P.R.China
- Xi’an Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Active Peptides, Shaanxi, P.R.China
| | - Yuqi Ma
- Endocrinology Department, Northwest University Affiliated Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Shaanxi, P. R.China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Clinical Experimental Center, Northwest University Affiliated Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Shaanxi, P.R.China
- Xi’an Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Active Peptides, Shaanxi, P.R.China
| | - Pengli Wang
- Clinical Experimental Center, Northwest University Affiliated Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Shaanxi, P.R.China
- Xi’an Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Active Peptides, Shaanxi, P.R.China
| | - Yan Niu
- Clinical Experimental Center, Northwest University Affiliated Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Shaanxi, P.R.China
- Xi’an Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Active Peptides, Shaanxi, P.R.China
| | - Yuehuan Hu
- Clinical Experimental Center, Northwest University Affiliated Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Shaanxi, P.R.China
- Xi’an Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Active Peptides, Shaanxi, P.R.China
| | - Xi Shen
- Clinical Experimental Center, Northwest University Affiliated Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Shaanxi, P.R.China
- Xi’an Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Active Peptides, Shaanxi, P.R.China
| | - Mingxia Zhang
- Clinical Experimental Center, Northwest University Affiliated Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Shaanxi, P.R.China
- Xi’an Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Active Peptides, Shaanxi, P.R.China
| | - Bing Yan
- Clinical Experimental Center, Northwest University Affiliated Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Shaanxi, P.R.China
- Xi’an Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Active Peptides, Shaanxi, P.R.China
| | - Jun Yu
- Clinical Experimental Center, Northwest University Affiliated Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Shaanxi, P.R.China
- Xi’an Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Active Peptides, Shaanxi, P.R.China
- CONTACT Jun Yu Clinical Experimental Center, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, No. 777 Xitai Road Xi’an, Shaanxi710100, P. R. China
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Chen X, Zhao H, Meng F, Zhou L, Lu Z, Lu Y. Surfactin alleviated hyperglycaemia in mice with type 2 diabetes induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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Wang Z, Wang X, Chen Y, Wang C, Chen L, Jiang M, Liu X, Zhang X, Feng Y, Xu J. Loss and recovery of myocardial mitochondria in mice under different tail suspension time: Apoptosis and mitochondrial fission, fusion and autophagy. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:1189-1202. [PMID: 37565298 PMCID: PMC10988507 DOI: 10.1113/ep090518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Long-term weightlessness in animals can cause changes in myocardial structure and function, in which mitochondria play an important role. Here, a tail suspension (TS) Kunming mouse (Mus musculus) model was used to simulate the effects of weightlessness on the heart. We investigated the effects of 2 and 4 weeks of TS (TS2 and TS4) on myocardial mitochondrial ultrastructure and oxidative respiratory function and on the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis and mitochondrial fission, autophagy and fusion-related signalling. Our study revealed significant changes in the ultrastructural features of cardiomyocytes in response to TS. The results showed: (1) mitochondrial swelling and disruption of cristae in TS2, but mitochondrial recovery and denser cristae in TS4; (2) an increase in the total number of mitochondria and number of sub-mitochondria in TS4; (3) no significant changes in the nuclear ultrastructure or DNA fragmentation among the two TS groups and the control group; (4) an increase in the bax/bcl-2 protein levels in the two TS groups, indicating increased activation of the bax-mediated apoptosis pathway; (5) no change in the phosphorylation ratio of dynamin-related protein 1 in the two TS groups; (6) an increase in the protein levels of optic atrophy 1 and mitofusin 2 in the two TS groups; and (7) in comparison to the TS2 group, an increase in the phosphorylation ratio of parkin and the ratio of LC3II to LC3I in TS4, suggesting an increase in autophagy. Taken together, these findings suggest that mitochondrial autophagy and fusion levels increased after 4 weeks of TS, leading to a restoration of the bax-mediated myocardial apoptosis pathway observed after 2 weeks of TS. NEW FINDINGS: What is the central question of this study? What are the effects of 2 and 4 weeks of tail suspension on myocardial mitochondrial ultrastructure and oxidative respiratory function and on the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis and mitochondrial fission, autophagy and fusion-related signalling? What is the main finding and its importance? Increased mitochondrial autophagy and fusion levels after 4 weeks of tail suspension help to reshape the morphology and increase the number of myocardial mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- College of Life SciencesQufu Normal UniversityQufuShandongChina
| | - Xing‐Chen Wang
- College of Life SciencesQufu Normal UniversityQufuShandongChina
| | - Ya‐Fei Chen
- College of Life SciencesQufu Normal UniversityQufuShandongChina
| | - Chuan‐Li Wang
- College of Life SciencesQufu Normal UniversityQufuShandongChina
| | - Le Chen
- College of Life SciencesQufu Normal UniversityQufuShandongChina
| | - Ming‐Yue Jiang
- College of Life SciencesQufu Normal UniversityQufuShandongChina
| | - Xi‐Wei Liu
- College of Life SciencesQufu Normal UniversityQufuShandongChina
| | - Xiao‐Xuan Zhang
- College of Life SciencesQufu Normal UniversityQufuShandongChina
| | - Yong‐Zhen Feng
- College of Life SciencesQufu Normal UniversityQufuShandongChina
| | - Jin‐Hui Xu
- College of Life SciencesQufu Normal UniversityQufuShandongChina
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Li L, Wang D, Sun C, Li Y, Lu H, Wang X. Comprehensive Lipidome and Metabolome Profiling Investigations of Panax quinquefolius and Application in Different Growing Regions Using Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:6710-6719. [PMID: 34080852 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Panax quinquefolius is one of the most recognized ginseng species. In this study, lipidome and metabolome extraction methods for P. quinquefolius were optimized with methanol/methyl-tert-butyl ether/water (0.3 mg/1 μL/6 μL/8 μL). A total of 497 metabolites were identified, including 365 lipids and 76 ginsenosides. Comprehensive lipidome profiling was first performed for P. quinquefolius, in which 32.6% glycerophospholipids, 39.5% glycerolipids, 9.3% sphingolipids, 3.3% sterol lipids, and 15.3% fatty acyls were identified. Orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) showed obvious metabolomic differences in two growing regions of China. In the northern growing region, the ratio of bilayer- to nonbilayer-forming membrane lipids (PCs/PEs, DGDGs/MGDGs), the degree of unsaturation of acyl chains in galactolipids, and the content of membrane glycerophospholipids were increased. In the eastern growing region, the synthesis of storage lipids, ceramides, and fatty acyls was increased, and secondary metabolism was enhanced with 24 differential ginsenosides found. The investigation deepens the understanding of metabolic regulation mechanisms of P. quinquefolius.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Li
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Daijie Wang
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Chenglong Sun
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yue Li
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Heng Lu
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
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Liang S, Ling S, Du R, Li Y, Liu C, Shi J, Gao J, Sun W, Li J, Zhong G, Liu Z, Zhao D, Sun H, Li Y, Yuan X, Qu H, Jin X, Li D, Shi D, Li Y. The coupling of reduced type H vessels with unloading-induced bone loss and the protection role of Panax quinquefolium saponin in the male mice. Bone 2021; 143:115712. [PMID: 33164873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Unloading-induced bone loss is a critical complication characterized by the imbalance of bone formation and resorption induced by long-term confinement in bed or spaceflight. CD31hiEmcnhi (type H) vessel is a specific subtype of capillary, which was coupled with osteogenesis. However, the change of type H vessel and its contributions to the unloading-induced bone loss remains undisclosed. Herein, we found that bone formation and the number of type H vessels were synchronously reduced in the hindlimb-unloading (HU) mice. Panax quinquefolium saponin (PQS) could increase bone mass, osteoblast function and the number of type H vessels in the HU mice. In vitro, PQS treatment accelerated HMECs migration, augmented the total tube loops and increased the secretion of VEGF and Noggin. Primary osteoblasts function was obviously increased when treated with supernatant from PQS-treated HMECs. These effects of PQS were substantially counteracted when VEGF and Noggin in HMECs were knocked down by siRNA. These results demonstrated that unloading-induced bone loss is coupled with reduction of type H vessels and PQS performs preventive function via promoting type H vessel angiogenesis, which is closely associated with endothelial cell-derived VEGF and Noggin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; State Key Lab of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China; Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shukuan Ling
- State Key Lab of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ruikai Du
- State Key Lab of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuheng Li
- State Key Lab of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Caizhi Liu
- State Key Lab of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Junhe Shi
- Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 801 S. Paulina Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jie Gao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weijia Sun
- State Key Lab of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Li
- State Key Lab of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Guohui Zhong
- State Key Lab of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zizhong Liu
- State Key Lab of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Dingsheng Zhao
- State Key Lab of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Huiyuan Sun
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxin Yuan
- State Key Lab of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Qu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jin
- State Key Lab of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Dazhuo Shi
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yingxian Li
- State Key Lab of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China.
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Chang X, Zhao Z, Zhang W, Liu D, Ma C, Zhang T, Meng Q, Yan P, Zou L, Zhang M. Natural Antioxidants Improve the Vulnerability of Cardiomyocytes and Vascular Endothelial Cells under Stress Conditions: A Focus on Mitochondrial Quality Control. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6620677. [PMID: 33552385 PMCID: PMC7847351 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6620677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease has become one of the main causes of human death. In addition, many cardiovascular diseases are accompanied by a series of irreversible damages that lead to organ and vascular complications. In recent years, the potential therapeutic strategy of natural antioxidants in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases through mitochondrial quality control has received extensive attention. Mitochondria are the main site of energy metabolism in eukaryotic cells, including myocardial and vascular endothelial cells. Mitochondrial quality control processes ensure normal activities of mitochondria and cells by maintaining stable mitochondrial quantity and quality, thus protecting myocardial and endothelial cells against stress. Various stresses can affect mitochondrial morphology and function. Natural antioxidants extracted from plants and natural medicines are becoming increasingly common in the clinical treatment of diseases, especially in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Natural antioxidants can effectively protect myocardial and endothelial cells from stress-induced injury by regulating mitochondrial quality control, and their safety and effectiveness have been preliminarily verified. This review summarises the damage mechanisms of various stresses in cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelial cells and the mechanisms of natural antioxidants in improving the vulnerability of these cell types to stress by regulating mitochondrial quality control. This review is aimed at paving the way for novel treatments for cardiovascular diseases and the development of natural antioxidant drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chang
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
| | - Wenjin Zhang
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Dong Liu
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Institute of the History of Chinese Medicine and Medical Literature, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxia Ma
- Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qingyan Meng
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Peizheng Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Longqiong Zou
- Chongqing Sanxia Yunhai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chongqing, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
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Qiu Z, Chen W, Liu Y, Jiang B, Yin L, Chen X. LncRNA AC061961.2 overexpression inhibited endoplasmic reticulum stress induced apoptosis in dilated cardiomyopathy rats and cardiomyocytes via activating wnt/β-catenin pathway. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 41:494-503. [PMID: 33092439 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1828915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Down-regulated lncRNA AC061961.2 in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) patients was previous reported. Whether AC061961.2 has regulatory effect on DCM still need exploration. Here, we tried to investigate the effect of AC061961.2 on DCM. After DCM model rat was established through injecting Adriamycin, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) were measured by echocardiography. Histopathological changes and apoptosis were detected by hematoxylin-eosin, Masson staining, and TUNEL. After cardiomyocytes were isolated and identified by immunofluorescence, DCM cell model was established by injecting adriamycin. After transfected with overexpressed-AC061961.2 plasmids, cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The expressions of AC061961.2, β-catenin, Axin2, c-Myc, CRP78, CHOP, Caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax in cardiomyocytes and heart tissues were detected by RT-qPCR or western blot. LVEDD and LVESD were increased while LVEF and LVFS were decreased in DCM rats. The histopathological of heart tissues showed a typical sign of DCM. Apoptosis were increased in heart tissues of DCM rats. In DCM rats, the expressions of AC061961.2, β-catenin, Axin2, c-Myc, and Bcl-2 were decreased, the expressions of CRP78, CHOP, Caspase-3, and Bax were increased. After the overexpression of AC061961.2, levels of β-catenin, Axin2, c-Myc, and Bcl-2 were increased, while levels of CRP78, CHOP, Caspase-3, and Bax were decreased, compared with that in DCM cardiomyocytes. LncRNA AC061961.2 overexpression inhibited endoplasmic reticulum stress induced apoptosis in DCM rats and cardiomyocytes via activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibing Qiu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University
| | - Yafeng Liu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University
| | - Ben Jiang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University
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Microgravity versus Microgravity and Irradiation: Investigating the Change of Neuroendocrine-Immune System and the Antagonistic Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2641324. [PMID: 32566675 PMCID: PMC7273471 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2641324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
During spaceflight, the homeostasis of the living body is threatened with cosmic environment including microgravity and irradiation. Traditional Chinese medicine could ameliorate the internal imbalance during spaceflight, but its mechanism is still unclear. In this article, we compared the difference of neuroendocrine-immune balance between simulated microgravity (S) and simulated microgravity and irradiation (SAI) environment. We also observed the antagonistic effect of SAI using a traditional Chinese medicine formula (TCMF). Wistar rats were, respectively, exposed under S using tail suspending and SAI using tail suspending and 60Co-gama irradiation exposure. The SAI rats were intervened with TCMF. The changes of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, splenic T-cell, celiac macrophages, and related cytokines were observed after 21 days. Compared with the normal group, the hyperfunction of HPA axis and celiac macrophages, as well as the hypofunction of splenic T-cells, was observed in both the S and SAI group. Compared with the S group, the levels of plasmatic corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), macrophage activity, and serous interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the SAI group were significantly reduced. The dysfunctional targets were mostly reversed in the TCMF group. Both S and SAI could lead to NEI imbalance. Irradiation could aggravate the negative feedback inhibition of HPA axis and macrophages caused by S. TCMF could ameliorate the NEI dysfunction caused by SAI.
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Panax quinquefolium saponin Optimizes Energy Homeostasis by Modulating AMPK-Activated Metabolic Pathways in Hypoxia-Reperfusion Induced Cardiomyocytes. Chin J Integr Med 2020; 27:613-620. [PMID: 32418176 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-020-3194-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of Panax quinquefolium saponin (PQS) on energy deficiency in hypoxia-reperfusion (H/R) induced cardiomyocytes. METHODS The H/R injury involved hypoxia for 3 h and then reperfusion for 2 h. Cardiomyocytes recruited from neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) were randomly divided into control, H/R, H/R+compound C (C.C), H/R+PQS, and H/R+C. C+PQS groups. BrdU assay, lactase dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage and early apoptosis rate were evaluated to assess cell damages. Contents of high energy phosphate compounds were conducted to detect the energy production. Protein expression levels of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase a (AMPKα), glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), phosphate fructose kinase 2 (PFK2), fatty acid translocase/cluster of differentiation 36 (FAT/CD36), and acetyl CoA carboxylase 2 (ACC2) in the regulatory pathways were measured by Western blotting. Immunofluorescence staining of GLUT4 and FAT/CD36 was used to observe the mobilization of metabolic transporters. RESULTS PQS (50 mg/L) pretreatment significantly alleviated H/R-induced inhibition of NRVMs viability, up-regulation of LDH leakage, acceleration of early apoptosis, and reduction of energy production (P<0.05). Compared with the H/R group, up-regulated expression of AMPKα, GLUT4, PFK2, FAT/CD36 and ACC2 were observed, and more GLUT4 and FAT/CD36 expressions were detected on the membrane in the H/R+PQS group (P<0.05). These effects of PQS on H/R-induced NRVMs were eliminated in the H/R+C.C+PQS group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION PQS has prominent advantages in protecting NRVMs from H/R-induced cell damages and energy metabolic disorders, by activation of AMPKα-mediated GLUT4-PFK2 and FAT/CD36-ACC2 pathways.
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