1
|
Cao L, Wang XL, Chu T, Wang YW, Fan YQ, Chen YH, Zhu YW, Zhang J, Ji XY, Wu DD. Role of gasotransmitters in necroptosis. Exp Cell Res 2024:114233. [PMID: 39216662 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Gasotransmitters are endogenous gas signal molecules that can freely pass through cell membranes and transmit signals between cells, playing multiple roles in cell signal transduction. Due to extensive and ongoing research in this field, we have successfully identified many gasotransmitters so far, among which nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide are best studied. Gasotransmitters are implicated in various diseases related to necroptosis, such as cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, ischemia-reperfusion, infectious diseases, and neurological diseases. However, the mechanisms of their effect on necroptosis signaling are not fully understood. This review focuses on endogenous gasotransmitter synthesis and metabolism and discusses their role in necroptosis, aiming to offer new insights for the therapeutic approaches to diseases associated with necroptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Xue-Li Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Ti Chu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yan-Wen Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yong-Qi Fan
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yu-Hang Chen
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Yi-Wen Zhu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, China.
| | - Xin-Ying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; Faculty of Basic Medical Subjects, Shu-Qing Medical College of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan 450064, China.
| | - Dong-Dong Wu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Stomatology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; Department of Stomatology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, School of Stomatology, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Si L, Lai Y. Pharmacological mechanisms by which baicalin ameliorates cardiovascular disease. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1415971. [PMID: 39185317 PMCID: PMC11341428 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1415971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Baicalin is a flavonoid glycoside obtained from the dried root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, which belongs to the Labiatae family. Accumulating evidence indicates that baicalin has favorable therapeutic effects on cardiovascular diseases. Previous studies have revealed the therapeutic effects of baicalin on atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, hypertension, and heart failure through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and lipid metabolism mechanisms. In recent years, some new ideas related to baicalin in ferroptosis, coagulation and fibrinolytic systems have been proposed, and new progress has been made in understanding the mechanism by which baicalin protects cardiomyocytes. However, many relevant underlying mechanisms remain unexplained, and much experimental data is lacking. Therefore, further research is needed to determine these mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of baicalin, which include its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects; inhibition of endothelial cell apoptosis; modulation of innate immunity; suppression of vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation, migration, and contraction; regulation of coagulation and fibrinolytic systems; inhibition of myocardial hypertrophy; prevention of myocardial fibrosis; and anti-apoptotic effects on cardiomyocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lujia Si
- Acupunture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Lai
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang SE, Hsu JH, Shiau BW, Liu YC, Wu BN, Dai ZK, Liu CP, Yeh JL. Optimizing myocardial cell protection with xanthine derivative KMUP-3 potentiates autophagy through the PI3K/Akt/eNOS axis. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 134:818-832. [PMID: 38583870 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.14007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autophagy can have either beneficial or detrimental effects on various heart diseases. Pharmacological interventions improve cardiac function, which is correlated with enhanced autophagy. To assess whether a xanthine derivative (KMUP-3) treatment coincides with enhanced autophagy while also providing cardio-protection, we investigated the hypothesis that KMUP-3 treatment activation of autophagy through PI3K/Akt/eNOS signalling offered cardioprotective properties. METHODS The pro-autophagic effect of KMUP-3 was performed in a neonatal rat model targeting cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes, and by assessing the impact of KMUP-3 treatment on cardiotoxicity, we used antimycin A-induced cardiomyocytes. RESULTS As determined by transmission electron microscopy observation, KMUP-3 enhanced autophagosome formation in cardiac fibroblasts. Furthermore, KMUP-3 significantly increased the expressions of autophagy-related proteins, LC3 and Beclin-1, both in a time- and dose-dependent manner; moreover, the pro-autophagy and nitric oxide enhancement effects of KMUP-3 were abolished by inhibitors targeting eNOS and PI3K in cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes. Notably, KMUP-3 ameliorated cytotoxic effects induced by antimycin A, demonstrating its protective autophagic response. CONCLUSION These findings enable the core pathway of PI3K/Akt/eNOS axis in KMUP-3-enhanced autophagy activation and suggest its principal role in safeguarding against cardiotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shang-En Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Hau Hsu
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Wen Shiau
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bin-Nan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Zen-Kong Dai
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Jwu-Lai Yeh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yin Y, Xu J, Ilyas I, Xu S. Bioactive Flavonoids in Protecting Against Endothelial Dysfunction and Atherosclerosis. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38755351 DOI: 10.1007/164_2024_715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a common cardiovascular disease closely associated with factors such as hyperlipidaemia and chronic inflammation. Among them, endothelial dysfunction serves as a major predisposing factor. Vascular endothelial dysfunction is manifested by impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation, enhanced oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, leukocyte adhesion and hyperpermeability, endothelial senescence, and endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT). Flavonoids are known for their antioxidant activity, eliminating oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby preventing the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, reducing platelet aggregation, alleviating ischemic damage, and improving vascular function. Flavonoids have also been shown to possess anti-inflammatory activity and to protect the cardiovascular system. This review focuses on the protective effects of these naturally-occuring bioactive flavonoids against the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis through their effects on endothelial cells including, but not limited to, their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, and lipid-lowering properties. However, more clinical evidences are still needed to determine the exact role and optimal dosage of these compounds in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Iqra Ilyas
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu H, Yu S, Lin C, Dong D, Xiao J, Ye Y, Wang M. Roles of flavonoids in ischemic heart disease: Cardioprotective effects and mechanisms against myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 126:155409. [PMID: 38342018 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavonoids are extensively present in fruits, vegetables, grains, and medicinal plants. Myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (MI/R) comprise a sequence of detrimental incidents following myocardial ischemia. Research indicates that flavonoids have the potential to act as cardioprotective agents against MI/R injuries. Several specific flavonoids, e.g., luteolin, hesperidin, quercetin, kaempferol, and puerarin, have demonstrated cardioprotective activities in animal models. PURPOSE The objective of this review is to identify the cardioprotective flavonoids, investigate their mechanisms of action, and explore their application in myocardial ischemia. METHODS A search of PubMed database and Google Scholar was conducted using keywords "myocardial ischemia" and "flavonoids". Studies published within the last 10 years reporting on the cardioprotective effects of natural flavonoids on animal models were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 55 natural flavonoids were identified and discussed within this review. It can be summarized that flavonoids regulate the following main strategies: antioxidation, anti-inflammation, calcium modulation, mitochondrial protection, ER stress inhibition, anti-apoptosis, ferroptosis inhibition, autophagy modulation, and inhibition of adverse cardiac remodeling. Additionally, the number and position of OH, 3'4'-catechol, C2=C3, and C4=O may play a significant role in the cardioprotective activity of flavonoids. CONCLUSION This review serves as a reference for designing a daily diet to prevent or reduce damages following ischemia and screening of flavonoids for clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 508060, PR China
| | - Shenglong Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, PR China
| | - Chunxi Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China
| | - Dingjun Dong
- Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441000, PR China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense, Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Yanbin Ye
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
| | - Mingfu Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 508060, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen XJ, Liu SY, Li SM, Feng JK, Hu Y, Cheng XZ, Hou CZ, Xu Y, Hu M, Feng L, Xiao L. The recent advance and prospect of natural source compounds for the treatment of heart failure. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27110. [PMID: 38444481 PMCID: PMC10912389 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a continuously developing syndrome of cardiac insufficiency caused by diseases, which becomes a major disease endangering human health as well as one of the main causes of death in patients with cardiovascular diseases. The occurrence of heart failure is related to hemodynamic abnormalities, neuroendocrine hormones, myocardial damage, myocardial remodeling etc, lead to the clinical manifestations including dyspnea, fatigue and fluid retention with complex pathophysiological mechanisms. Currently available drugs such as cardiac glycoside, diuretic, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, vasodilator and β receptor blocker etc are widely used for the treatment of heart failure. In particular, natural products and related active ingredients have the characteristics of mild efficacy, low toxicity, multi-target comprehensive efficacy, and have obvious advantages in restoring cardiac function, reducing energy disorder and improving quality of life. In this review, we mainly focus on the recent advance including mechanisms and active ingredients of natural products for the treatment of heart failure, which will provide the inspiration for the development of more potent clinical drugs against heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Juan Chen
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Si-Yuan Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Si-Ming Li
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | | | - Ying Hu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Xiao-Zhen Cheng
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Hou
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yun Xu
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Mu Hu
- Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Ling Feng
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lu Xiao
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xiang Q, Yi X, Zhu XH, Wei X, Jiang DS. Regulated cell death in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024; 35:219-234. [PMID: 37981501 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury most commonly occurs in coronary artery disease when prompt reperfusion is used to salvage the ischemic myocardium. Cardiomyocyte death is a significant component of myocardial I/R injury and its mechanism was previously thought to be limited to apoptosis and necrosis. With the discovery of novel types of cell death, ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis have been shown to be involved in myocardial I/R. These new forms of regulated cell death cause cardiomyocyte loss and exacerbate I/R injury by affecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, calcium stress, and inflammatory cascades, subsequently mediating adverse remodeling, cardiac dysfunction, and heart failure. Herein, we review the roles of ferroptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis in myocardial I/R and discuss their contribution to pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xiang
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Yi
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xue-Hai Zhu
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lu H, Gong J, Zhang T, Jiang Z, Dong W, Dai J, Ma F. Leonurine pretreatment protects the heart from myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:1566-1578. [PMID: 37873701 PMCID: PMC10676124 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231198066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), an important complication of reperfusion therapy for myocardial infarction, is characterized by hyperactive oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Leonurine (4-guanidino-n-butyl syringate, SCM-198), an alkaloid extracted from Herbaleonuri, was previously found to be highly cardioprotective both in vitro and in vivo. Our current study aimed to investigate the effect of SCM-198 preconditioning on myocardial I/R injury in vitro and in vivo, respectively, as well as to decipher the mechanism involved. Rats were pretreated with SCM-198 before subjected to 45 min of myocardial ischemia, which was followed by 24 h of reperfusion. Primary neonatal rat cardiac ventricular myocytes (NRCMs) were exposed to hypoxia (95% N2 + 5% CO2) for 12 h, and then to 12 h reoxygenation so as to mimic I/R. The enzymatic measurements demonstrated that SCM-198 reduced the release of infarction-related enzymes, and the hemodynamic and echocardiography measurements showed that SCM-198 restored cardiac functions, which suggested that SCM-198 could significantly reduce infarct size, maintaining cardiomyocyte morphology, and that SCM-198 pretreatment could significantly reduce cardiomyocytes apoptosis. Moreover, we demonstrated that SCM-198 could exert a cardioprotective effect by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and Akt phosphorylation while reducing the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK. In addition, the upregulation of p-Akt, Bcl-2/Bax induced by SCM-198 treatment were blocked by PI3K inhibitor LY294002, and the total protein level of Akt was not affected by SCM-198 pretreatment. Our experimental results indicated that SCM-198 could have a cardioprotective effect on I/R injury, which confirmed the utility of SCM-198 preconditioning as a strategy to prevent I/R injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jingru Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhe Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenmin Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jing Dai
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Fenfen Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li H, Zhang Q. Research Progress of Flavonoids Regulating Endothelial Function. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1201. [PMID: 37765009 PMCID: PMC10534649 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The endothelium, as the guardian of vascular homeostasis, is closely related to the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). As an early marker of the development of a series of vascular diseases, endothelial dysfunction is often accompanied by oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Natural flavonoids in fruits, vegetables, and Chinese herbal medicines have been shown to induce and regulate endothelial cells and exert anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-aging effects in a large number of in vitro models and in vivo experiments so as to achieve the prevention and improvement of cardiovascular disease. Focusing on endothelial mediation, this paper introduces the signaling pathways involved in the improvement of endothelial dysfunction by common dietary and flavonoids in traditional Chinese medicine and describes them based on their metabolism in the human body and their relationship with the intestinal flora. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the broad pharmacological activity and target development potential of flavonoids as food supplements and drug components in regulating endothelial function and thus in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This paper also introduces the application of some new nanoparticle carriers in order to improve their bioavailability in the human body and play a broader role in vascular protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Qi Zhang
- The Basic Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yan Q, Liu S, Sun Y, Chen C, Yang S, Lin M, Long J, Yao J, Lin Y, Yi F, Meng L, Tan Y, Ai Q, Chen N, Yang Y. Targeting oxidative stress as a preventive and therapeutic approach for cardiovascular disease. J Transl Med 2023; 21:519. [PMID: 37533007 PMCID: PMC10394930 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04361-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to exert a significant impact on global mortality rates, encompassing conditions like pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), atherosclerosis (AS), and myocardial infarction (MI). Oxidative stress (OS) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and advancement of CVDs, highlighting its significance as a contributing factor. Maintaining an equilibrium between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant systems not only aids in mitigating oxidative stress but also confers protective benefits on cardiac health. Herbal monomers can inhibit OS in CVDs by activating multiple signaling pathways, such as increasing the activity of endogenous antioxidant systems and decreasing the level of ROS expression. Given the actions of herbal monomers to significantly protect the normal function of the heart and reduce the damage caused by OS to the organism. Hence, it is imperative to recognize the significance of herbal monomers as prospective therapeutic interventions for mitigating oxidative damage in CVDs. This paper aims to comprehensively review the origins and mechanisms underlying OS, elucidate the intricate association between CVDs and OS, and explore the therapeutic potential of antioxidant treatment utilizing herbal monomers. Furthermore, particular emphasis will be placed on examining the cardioprotective effects of herbal monomers by evaluating their impact on cardiac signaling pathways subsequent to treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yan
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Changsha Hospital for Matemal&Child Health Care, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Sun
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Songwei Yang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Meiyu Lin
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Junpeng Long
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Jiao Yao
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yuting Lin
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Fan Yi
- Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Lei Meng
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yong Tan
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China
| | - Qidi Ai
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
| | - Naihong Chen
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Yantao Yang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zang J, Li Y, Wu X. Pharmaceutical Therapies for Necroptosis in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:303. [PMID: 37504559 PMCID: PMC10380972 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10070303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease morbidity/mortality are increasing due to an aging population and the rising prevalence of diabetes and obesity. Therefore, innovative cardioprotective measures are required to reduce cardiovascular disease morbidity/mortality. The role of necroptosis in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI-RI) is beyond doubt, but the molecular mechanisms of necroptosis remain incompletely elucidated. Growing evidence suggests that MI-RI frequently results from the superposition of multiple pathways, with autophagy, ferroptosis, and CypD-mediated mitochondrial damage, and necroptosis all contributing to MI-RI. Receptor-interacting protein kinases (RIPK1 and RIPK3) as well as mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL) activation is accompanied by the activation of other signaling pathways, such as Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), NF-κB, and JNK-Bnip3. These pathways participate in the pathological process of MI-RI. Recent studies have shown that inhibitors of necroptosis can reduce myocardial inflammation, infarct size, and restore cardiac function. In this review, we will summarize the molecular mechanisms of necroptosis, the links between necroptosis and other pathways, and current breakthroughs in pharmaceutical therapies for necroptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinchang Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Yantao Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Jinlong Zang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Yongnan Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wen Y, Wang Y, Zhao C, Zhao B, Wang J. The Pharmacological Efficacy of Baicalin in Inflammatory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119317. [PMID: 37298268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Baicalin is one of the most abundant flavonoids found in the dried roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SBG) belonging to the genus Scutellaria. While baicalin is demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antitumor, antibacterial, anticonvulsant, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective effects, its low hydrophilicity and lipophilicity limit the bioavailability and pharmacological functions. Therefore, an in-depth study of baicalin's bioavailability and pharmacokinetics contributes to laying the theoretical foundation for applied research in disease treatment. In this view, the physicochemical properties and anti-inflammatory activity of baicalin are summarized in terms of bioavailability, drug interaction, and inflammatory conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yazhou Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Chenxu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Baoyu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Deng W, Sun D, Cai B, Jin B. Yangjing capsule improves oligoasthenozoospermia by promoting nitric oxide production through PLCγ1/AKT/eNOS pathway. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1056091. [PMID: 37180698 PMCID: PMC10169610 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1056091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Oligoasthenozoospermia is an important factor leading to male infertility. Yangjing capsule (YC), a traditional Chinese preparation, displays beneficial effects on male infertility. However, whether YC could improve oligoasthenozoospermia remains unclear. Methods: In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of YC in the treatment of oligoasthenozoospermia. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were treated with 800 mg/kg ornidazole once daily for 30 days to induce in vivo oligoasthenozoospermia; primary Sertoli cells were treated with 400 μg/mL ornidazole for 24 h to induce in vitro oligoasthenozoospermia. Results: We found that YC improved the testicle and epididymis weight, sperm concentration, sperm progressive motility, serum testosterone, fertility rate and testis morphology in ornidazole-exposed rats and enhanced cell survival in ornidazole-stimulated primary Sertoli cells. YC also inhibited the ornidazole-caused decrease in nitric oxide (NO) generation and the phosphorylation of phospholipase C γ1 (PLCγ1), AKT, and eNOS in vivo and in vitro in oligoasthenozoospermia. Furthermore, the knockdown of PLCγ1 blunted the beneficial effects of YC in vitro. Conclusion: Collectively, our data suggested that YC protected against oligoasthenozoospermia by promoting NO levels through the PLCγ1/AKT/eNOS pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Baofang Jin
- Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bajek-Bil A, Chmiel M, Włoch A, Stompor-Gorący M. Baicalin-Current Trends in Detection Methods and Health-Promoting Properties. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040570. [PMID: 37111327 PMCID: PMC10146343 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Baicalin (7-D-glucuronic acid-5,6-dihydroxyflavone) belongs to natural flavonoids extracted from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis, the plant used in traditional Chinese medicine. It has been proven that baicalin has various pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, and anti-apoptotic ones. However, it is essential not only to determine the medical usefulness of baicalin, but also to find and develop the most effective methods for its extraction and detection. Therefore, the aim of this review was to summarize the current methods of detection and identification of baicalin and to present the medical applications of baicalin and the underlying mechanisms of its action. Based on the review of the latest literature, it can be concluded that liquid chromatography alone or together with mass spectrometry is the most commonly used method for the determination of baicalin. Recently, also new electrochemical methods have been established, e.g., biosensors with fluorescence, which have better detection limits, sensitivity, and selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agata Bajek-Bil
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Marcelina Chmiel
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Włoch
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liraglutide Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through the Inhibition of Necroptosis by Activating GLP-1R/PI3K/Akt Pathway. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2023; 23:161-175. [PMID: 36934206 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-023-09789-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
Necroptosis is a crucial programmed cell death that is tightly associated with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). Liraglutide is an effective option for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and has recently been reported to exert cardioprotective effects on MI/RI. Researchers do not know whether the cardioprotective effect of liraglutide is involved in regulating necroptosis. This study aimed to explore the effect of liraglutide on MI/RI-induced necroptosis and its potential mechanisms. Hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) was performed on H9c2 cells in vitro to simulate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and an MI/RI rat model was established in vivo by ligating the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery. H/R or I/R damage was assessed by performing biochemical assay, Hoechst 33342/PI staining, H&E (hematoxylin and eosin) staining, and Annexin-V/PI staining. Our data revealed that liraglutide resulted in markedly increased cell viability and reduced cardiac enzyme release by protecting cardiomyocytes from a necrosis-like phenotype after H/R. The myocardial infarct size and cardiac enzyme release were reduced in the heart tissues from the liraglutide-treated group. The levels of necroptosis-associated proteins (receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3), p-RIPK3, and phosphorylated-mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (p-MLKL)) were also reduced by the liraglutide treatment. Mechanistically, we revealed that liraglutide exerted cardioprotective effects through a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)-dependent pathway. Both the GLP-1R inhibitor exendin (9-39) and the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 abrogated the protective effects of liraglutide in vitro. We found that liraglutide may attenuate MI/RI by inhibiting necroptosis, in part by enhancing the activity of the GLP-1R/PI3K/Akt pathway.
Collapse
|
16
|
Mechanism Repositioning Based on Integrative Pharmacology: Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Safflower in Myocardial Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065313. [PMID: 36982389 PMCID: PMC10048972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius. L) possesses anti-tumor, anti-thrombotic, anti-oxidative, immunoregulatory, and cardio-cerebral protective effects. It is used clinically for the treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular disease in China. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of action of safflower extract on myocardial ischemia–reperfusion (MIR) injury in a left anterior descending (LAD)-ligated model based on integrative pharmacology study and ultra-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight-tandem mass spectrometer (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS). Safflower (62.5, 125, 250 mg/kg) was administered immediately before reperfusion. Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC)/Evans blue, echocardiography, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ability, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were determined after 24 h of reperfusion. Chemical components were obtained using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to analyze mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Safflower dose-dependently reduced myocardial infarct size, improved cardiac function, decreased LDH levels, and increased SOD levels in C57/BL6 mice. A total of 11 key components and 31 hub targets were filtered based on the network analysis. Comprehensive analysis indicated that safflower alleviated inflammatory effects by downregulating the expression of NFκB1, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-18, TNFα, and MCP-1 and upregulating NFκBia, and markedly increased the expression of phosphorylated PI3K, AKT, PKC, and ERK/2, HIF1α, VEGFA, and BCL2, and decreased the level of BAX and phosphorylated p65. Safflower shows a significant cardioprotective effect by activating multiple inflammation-related signaling pathways, including the NFκB, HIF-1α, MAPK, TNF, and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. These findings provide valuable insights into the clinical applications of safflower.
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen J, Jiang Z, Liu X, Wang K, Fan W, Chen T, Li Z, Lin D. Berberine promotes the viability of random skin flaps via the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2023; 37:424-437. [PMID: 36116786 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Random skin flaps are often used in reconstruction operations. However, flap necrosis is still a common postoperative complication. Here, we investigated whether berberine (C20 H19 NO5 , BBR), a drug with antioxidant activity, improves the survival rate of random flaps. Fifty-four rats were divided into three groups: control, BBR and BBR + L -NAME groups (L -NAME, L -NG -Nitro-arginine methyl ester). The survival condition and the percentage of survival area of the flaps were evaluated on the seventh day after surgery. After animals were sacrificed, angiogenesis, apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation levels were assessed by histological and protein analyses. Our findings suggest that berberine promotes flap survival. The level of angiogenesis increased; the levels of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis decreased; the levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), phospho-Akt (p-Akt) and phospho-endothelial nitric oxide synthase (p-eNOS) increased in the flap tissue; and L -NAME reversed the effects of berberine on random skin flaps. Statistical analysis showed that the BBR group results differed significantly from those of the control and the BBR + L -NAME groups (p < .05). Our results confirm that berberine is an effective drug for significantly improving the survival rate of random skin flaps by promoting angiogenesis, inhibiting inflammation, attenuating oxidative stress, and reducing apoptosis through the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianpeng Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhikai Jiang
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuao Liu
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kaitao Wang
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weijian Fan
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tingxiang Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dingsheng Lin
- Department of Hand Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hu S, Jiang L, Yan Q, Zhou C, Guo X, Chen T, Ma S, Luo Y, Hu C, Yang F, Yuan L, Ma X, Zeng J. Evidence construction of baicalin for treating myocardial ischemia diseases: A preclinical meta-analysis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 107:154476. [PMID: 36191551 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Baicalin, a flavonoid glycoside isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, has shown potential pharmacological effects on myocardial ischemia diseases. Nevertheless, systematic preclinical studies on baicalin in the treatment of ischemic diseases are scarce. PURPOSE To assess the efficacy and potential mechanisms of baicalin in myocardial ischemia (RI), myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and myocardial infarction (MI) animal models for future clinical research. METHODS Preclinical studies published prior to August 27th, 2022 were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. CAMARADES list was used to evaluate the quality of included researches. Meta-analyses of cardiac pathology and function parameters, myocardial injury markers and other indicators were performed by STATA 15.0 software. Potential mechanisms are categorized and summarized. Dose-response interval analyses were used to analyze the dose-response relationship between baicalin and myocardial ischemia disease. RESULTS Fourteen studies and 222 animals were included in the analysis. The results showed that compared with the control group, baicalin could reduce myocardial infarction size associated with cardiac pathological condition and the corresponding cardiac pathological index containing CK-MB, CK and cTnT. Additionally, heart function indicators including LVSP, LVFS, LVEF, -dp/dt max, dp/dt max were increased by baicalin. As for subgroup analyses, baicalin also demonstrated certain effect on CK-MB and LVSP by administration method or stage. Furthermore, it displayed obvious effect on myocardial ischemia diseases when the dose is maintained at 100-150 mg/kg based on dosage analyses. CONCLUSION Based on the relevant literature retrieved, this is the first meta-analysis on baicalin in treating myocardial ischemia diseases. Notably, we linked the dynamic development of the disease and discussed it pertinently, from RI, IR injury to MI. Baicalin exhibits positive effects on myocardial ischemia diseases (especially when the dose is 100-150 mg/kg), which is achieved by regulating key pathological indicators and various signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Hu
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Lan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Qi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Chenyang Zhou
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Xiaochuan Guo
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Tong Chen
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Siting Ma
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Yimiao Luo
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Medical School (Xiyuan), Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Caiyu Hu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Fumin Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Lishan Yuan
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tan YQ, Lin F, Ding YK, Dai S, Liang YX, Zhang YS, Li J, Chen HW. Pharmacological properties of total flavonoids in Scutellaria baicalensis for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 107:154458. [PMID: 36152591 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scutellaria baicalensis, a medicinal herb belonging to the Lamiaceae family, has been recorded in the Chinese, European, and British Pharmacopoeias. The medicinal properties of this plant are attributed to the total flavonoids of Scutellaria baicalensis (TFSB), particularly the main component, baicalin. This study provides a systematic and comprehensive list of the identified TFSB components and their chemical structures. The quality control process, pharmacokinetics, clinical application, and safety of Scutellaria baicalensis are discussed, and its pharmacological effect on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is detailed. Finally, the future research trends and prospects of this medicinal plant are provided. METHODS The Chinese and English papers related to TFSB were collected from the PubMed and CNKI databases using the relevant keywords. To highlight the pharmacological mechanism, clinical application, and safety of TFSB, the collected articles were screened and classified based on their research content. RESULTS TFSB contains at least 100 different kinds of flavonoids, of which baicalin, baicalein, wogonin, wogonoside, scutellarin, and scutellarein are the main active ingredients. The preparation process of TFSB is relatively well established, and the extraction rate can be significantly increased by enzymatic pretreatment and ultrasonication. The low oral availability of TFSB may be effectively enhanced using nanoformulations. The available pharmacokinetic data show that flavonoid glycosides and aglycones with the same parent nucleus may be converted to structures that are conducive to absorption in vivo. Moreover, TFSB can protect against CVDs by inhibiting apoptosis, regulating oxidative stress response, participating in inflammatory response, protecting against myocardial fibrosis, inhibiting myocardial hypertrophy, and regulating blood vessels. In terms of clinical application and animal safety, the available studies show that TFSB can be applied in a wide range of clinical treatments and is safe to use is animals. CONCLUSION This article systematically reviews the therapeutic effect and underlying pharmacological mechanism of TFSB against CVDs. The available studies clearly suggest that TFSB has great potential for the treatment of CVDs and is worthy of in-depth research and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Fei Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453100 Henan, China
| | - Yu-Kun Ding
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Shuang Dai
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ying-Xin Liang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Orthopedics, Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, Liuzhou 545007, China
| | - Yun-Shu Zhang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Heng-Wen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang GY, Gao Y, Guo XY, Wang GH, Guo CX. MiR-199a-5p promotes ferroptosis-induced cardiomyocyte death responding to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion injury via inhibiting Akt/eNOS signaling pathway. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2022; 38:1093-1102. [PMID: 36254861 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is associated with the poor outcome and higher mortality after myocardial infarction. Recent studies have revealed that miR-199a-5p participates in the process of myocardial I/R injury, but the precise roles and molecular mechanisms of miR-199a-5p in myocardial I/R injury remain not well-studied. Ferroptosis has been proposed to promote cardiomyocyte death, closely associated with myocardial I/R injury. Herein, the present study aimed to explore the function and mechanisms by which miR-199a-5p regulates whether miR-199a-5p contributes to ferroptosis-induced cardiomyocyte death responding to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury, an in vitro model of myocardial I/R injury focusing on Akt/eNOS signaling pathway. The results found that ferroptosis-induced cardiomyocyte death occurs and is accompanied by an increase in miR-199a-5p level in OGD/R-treated H9c2 cells. MiR-199a-5p inhibitor ameliorated ferroptosis-induced cardiomyocyte death as evidenced by the increased cell viability, the reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and Fe2+ contents, and the up-regulated glutathione (GSH)/glutathione disulphide (GSSG) ratio as well as glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) protein expression in H9c2 cells-exposed to OGD/R, while miR-199a-5p mimic had the opposite effects. In addition, OGD/R led to the inhibition of Akt/eNOS signaling pathway, which was also blocked by miR-199a-5p inhibitor and aggravated by miR-199a-5p mimic. Furthermore, LY294002, an inhibitor of Akt/eNOS signaling pathway, abrogated miR-199a-5p inhibitor-induced the reduction of ferroptosis-induced cardiomyocyte death. In summary, our findings demonstrated that miR-199a-5p plays a central role in stimulating ferroptosis-induced cardiomyocyte death during ischemic/hypoxic injury via inhibiting Akt/eNOS signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Yong Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Ying Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Hong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cai-Xia Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wenninger N, Bernhart C, Kappaun W, Kollau A, Kalcher K, Ortner A. High-performance amperometric determination of nitric oxide released by endothelial cells using flow injection analysis. Talanta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
22
|
Zhang B, Sun C, Liu Y, Bai F, Tu T, Liu Q. Exosomal miR-27b-3p Derived from Hypoxic Cardiac Microvascular Endothelial Cells Alleviates Rat Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury through Inhibiting Oxidative Stress-Induced Pyroptosis via Foxo1/GSDMD Signaling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8215842. [PMID: 35847592 PMCID: PMC9279077 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8215842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Exosomes derived from cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) under hypoxia can mediate cardiac repair functions and alleviate pyroptosis and oxidative stress during ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study is aimed at investigating the effect and mechanism of miR-27b-3p underlying hypoxic CMECs-derived exosomes against I/R injury. Methods CMECs were isolated from the left ventricle of Sprague-Dawley rats, followed by culturing under hypoxic conditions or pretreatment with the miR-27b-3p inhibitor. CMECs-derived exosomes were added into H9C2 cells before hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) or injected into the rat heart before I/R injury. An in vivo I/R injury model was established by ligating and releasing the left anterior descending coronary artery. Expression of pyroptosis-related factors was detected using Western blot, and heart infarcted size was determined by the 2,3,5-triphenyl-2H-tetrazpinolium chloride staining method. Dual-Luciferase Reporter assays were performed to analyze the interactions of nmiR-27b-3p-forkhead box O1 (Foxo1) and Gasdermin D- (GSDMD-) Foxo1. Chromatin-immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were performed to validate the interactions between forkhead box O1 (Foxo1) and Gasdermin D (GSDMD) and Foxo1-mediated histone acetylation of GSDMD. Results CMECs were successfully identified from left ventricle of Sprague-Dawley rats. The expressions of Foxo1 and pyroptosis-related proteins (GSDMD, NLPR3, cleaved caspase 1, IL-1β, and IL-18) were upregulated in the rat heart after I/R injury. Treatment of CMEC-derived exosomes, especially that under hypoxic conditions, significantly reduced pyroptosis in the rat heart. miR-27b-3p was significantly upregulated in CMEC-derived exosomes under hypoxic conditions, and miR-27b-3p inhibition in exosomes alleviated its cytoprotection and inhibited oxidative stress in H9C2 cells. Treatment with Foxo1 overexpression plasmids aggravated in vitro H/R and in vivo I/R injury by upregulating pyroptosis-related proteins. Further experiments validated that miR-27b-3p negatively targeted Foxo1, which bound to the promoter region of GSDMD. Conclusions These results demonstrated a great therapeutic efficacy of miR-27b-3p overexpression in hypoxic CMEC-derived exosomes in preventing the development of myocardial damage post I/R injury through inhibiting Foxo1/GSDMD signaling-induced oxidative stress and pyroptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baojian Zhang
- Cardiac Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Department of Cardiology/Cardiac Catheterization Lab, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Cardiology/Cardiac Catheterization Lab, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yaozhong Liu
- Department of Cardiology/Cardiac Catheterization Lab, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fan Bai
- Department of Cardiology/Cardiac Catheterization Lab, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Tu
- Department of Cardiology/Cardiac Catheterization Lab, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiming Liu
- Department of Cardiology/Cardiac Catheterization Lab, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Huang YT, Liang QQ, Zhang HR, Chen SY, Xu LH, Zeng B, Xu R, Shi FL, Ouyang DY, Zha QB, He XH. Baicalin inhibits necroptosis by decreasing oligomerization of phosphorylated MLKL and mitigates caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 108:108885. [PMID: 35623294 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Necroptosis is a form of regulated necrosis mainly controlled by receptor-interacting protein kinases 3 (RIPK3) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL). Necroptosis has important roles in defensing against pathogenic infections, but it is also implicated in various inflammatory diseases including pancreatitis. Baicalin, a flavonoid from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and anti-pyroptosis properties, yet it is unclear whether baicalin can inhibit necroptosis and confer protection against necroptosis-related diseases. Here we reported that baicalin significantly inhibited necroptosis in macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide plus pan-caspase inhibitor (IDN-6556), or by tumor-necrosis factor-α in combination with LCL-161 (Smac mimetic) and IDN-6556 (TSI). Mechanistically, baicalin did not inhibit the phosphorylation of RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL, nor membrane translocation of p-MLKL, during necroptotic induction, but instead inhibited p-MLKL oligomerization that is required for executing necroptosis. As intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been reported to be involved in p-MLKL oligomerization, we assessed the effects of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), an ROS scavenger, on necroptosis and found that NAC significantly attenuated TSI-induced necroptosis and intracellular ROS production concomitantly with reduced levels of oligomerized p-MLKL, mirroring the effect of baicalin. Indeed, inhibitory effect of baicalin was associated with reduced TSI-induced superoxide (indicating mitochondrial ROS) production and increased mitochondrial membrane potential within cells during necroptosis. Besides, oral administration of baicalin significantly reduced the severity of caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in mice, an animal model of necroptosis-related disease. Collectively, baicalin can inhibit necroptosis through attenuating p-MLKL oligomerization and confers protection against caerulein-induced pancreatitis in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Ting Huang
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Heyuan 517000, China
| | - Qi-Qi Liang
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hong-Rui Zhang
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Si-Yuan Chen
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Li-Hui Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bo Zeng
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Fu-Li Shi
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dong-Yun Ouyang
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Qing-Bing Zha
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Heyuan 517000, China; Department of Fetal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Xian-Hui He
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Heyuan 517000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Programmed Cell Death of Endothelial Cells in Myocardial Infarction and Its Potential Therapeutic Strategy. Cardiol Res Pract 2022; 2022:6558060. [PMID: 35600331 PMCID: PMC9117078 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6558060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease, especially coronary artery disease and stroke, kills around one-third of the world’s population, and myocardial infarction, a primary symptom of coronary heart disease, is a major worldwide health problem. Cardiovascular disease research has historically focused on promoting angiogenesis following myocardial damage. Myocardial vascular repair is crucial for improving myocardial infarction prognosis. Endothelial cells, the largest population of nonmyocytes within myocardial tissue, play an important role in angiogenesis. In recent years, different types of programmed cell death such as apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy have been described and found to be linked with cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction, heart failure, and myocarditis. This will have important implications for reforming the treatment strategy of cardiovascular diseases. Different types of cell death of endothelial cells in myocardial infarction have been proposed, the roles and mechanisms of endothelial cell death in myocardial infarction are summarized in this review, and endothelial cell death inhibition as a therapeutic technique for treating myocardial infarction might be advantageous to human health.
Collapse
|
25
|
He J, Liu D, Zhao L, Zhou D, Rong J, Zhang L, Xia Z. Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury: Mechanisms of injury and implications for management (Review). Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:430. [PMID: 35607376 PMCID: PMC9121204 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is one of the primary causes of mortality in patients with coronary heart disease worldwide. Early treatment of acute myocardial infarction restores blood supply of ischemic myocardium and decreases the mortality risk. However, when the interrupted myocardial blood supply is recovered within a certain period of time, it causes more serious damage to the original ischemic myocardium; this is known as myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI). The pathophysiological mechanisms leading to MIRI are associated with oxidative stress, intracellular calcium overload, energy metabolism disorder, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, pyroptosis, necroptosis and ferroptosis. These interplay with one another and directly or indirectly lead to aggravation of the effect. In the past, apoptosis and autophagy have attracted more attention but necroptosis and ferroptosis also serve key roles. However, the mechanism of MIRI has not been fully elucidated. The present study reviews the mechanisms underlying MIRI. Based on current understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of MIRI, the association between cell death-associated signaling pathways were elaborated, providing direction for investigation of novel targets in clinical treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, P.R. China
| | - Danyong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, P.R. China
| | - Lixia Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Dongcheng Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, P.R. China
| | - Jianhui Rong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, P.R. China
| | - Liangqing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, P.R. China
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gao F, Zhao Y, Zhang B, Xiao C, Sun Z, Gao Y, Dou X. Mitochondrial targeted astaxanthin liposomes for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury based on oxidative stress. J Biomater Appl 2022; 37:303-314. [DOI: 10.1177/08853282221087102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MI/RI) refers to the clinical state of decreased coronary blood flow caused by various causes. The main pathogenesis of MI/RI is mitochondrial oxidative damage. In this study, we designed a novel mitochondrial targeted astaxanthin (AST) liposome, namely, STPP-AST-LIP, targeting mitochondria of H9c2 myocardial cells. STPP-AST-LIP not only reduced the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), but also increased the survival rate of MI/RI H9c2 cells. In addition, rat experiments further confirmed that STPP-AST-LIP could improve myocardial cardiac function in MI/RI rats, significantly inhibited apoptosis of myocardial cells, and had a protective effect on the heart of rats after MI/RI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Department cardiovascular surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital
| | - Yongcheng Zhao
- Department cardiovascular surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department cardiovascular surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital
| | - Chunwei Xiao
- Department cardiovascular surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital
| | - Zhanfa Sun
- Department cardiovascular surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department cardiovascular surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital
| | - Xueyong Dou
- Department cardiovascular surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ji M, Cheng J, Zhang D. Oxycodone protects cardiac microvascular endothelial cells against ischemia/reperfusion injury by binding to Sigma-1 Receptor. Bioengineered 2022; 13:9628-9644. [PMID: 35412431 PMCID: PMC9161947 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2057632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is an important mechanism involved in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. We aimed to explore the effects of Oxycodone on myocardial I/R injury in vivo and in vitro to reveal its mechanisms related to Sigma-1 Receptor (SIGMAR1). A rat model of I/R-induced myocardial injury was developed. The ischemic area and myocardial histopathological changes after oxycodone addition were evaluated by TTC staining and H&E staining. LDH, CK-MB and cTnI levels were used to assess myocardial function. Then, the endothelial integrity was reflected by the expressions of ZO-1, Claudin-1 and Occludin. Afterward, ELISA, RT-qPCR, western blot and immunofluorescence assays were adopted for the detection of inflammation-related genes. SIGMAR1 expression in myocardial tissues induced by I/R and cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) under hypoxic/reoxygenation (H/R) was determined using RT-qPCR and western blotting. Subsequently, after SIGMAR1 silencing or BD1047 addition (a SIGMAR1 antagonist), cell apoptosis and endothelial integrity were analyzed in the presence of Oxycodone in H/R-stimulated CMECs. Results indicated that Oxycodone decreased the ischemic area and improved myocardial function in myocardial I/R injury rat. Oxycodone improved myocardial histopathological injury and elevated endothelial integrity, evidenced by upregulated ZO-1, Claudin-1 and Occludin expressions. Moreover, inflammatory response was alleviated after Oxycodone administration. Molecular docking suggested that SIGMAR1 could directly bind to Oxycodone. Oxycodone elevated SIGMAR1 expression and SIGMAR1 deletion or BD1047 addition attenuated the impacts of Oxycodone on apoptosis and endothelial integrity of CMECs induced by H/R. Collectively, Oxycodone alleviates myocardial I/R injury in vivo and in vitro by binding to SIGMAR1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meihua Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology of Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Anesthesiology of Central China Fuwai Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Daimin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wen C, Xue FS, Wang YH, Jin JH, Liao X. Hypercholesterolemia attenuates cardioprotection of ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning with α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist by enhancing inflammation and inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:342. [PMID: 35401808 PMCID: PMC8988135 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of hypercholesterolemia on cardioprotection of ischemic preconditioning and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) agonist postconditioning and explore the potential mechanisms that hypercholesterolemia affected their cardioprotection. Hypercholesterolemic and normal rats were divided into the four groups that received the following treatments: i) Hypercholesterolemic control and normal control groups; ii) hypercholesterolemic ischemia/reperfusion (HI) and normal ischemia/reperfusion (NI) groups; iii) hypercholesterolemic ischemic preconditioning (HIPC) and normal ischemic preconditioning (NIPC) groups; and iv) hypercholesterolemic PNU282987 postconditioning (HPNU) and normal PNU282987 postconditioning (NPNU) groups. Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels after ischemia/reperfusion were assayed. Furthermore, infarct size and expression levels of Akt, phosphorylated (p)-Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in ischemic myocardium were assessed. Compared with the NI group, serum LDH, CK-MB, cTnI, TNF-α and IL-6 levels and infarct size were significantly decreased, and myocardial p-Akt/Akt and eNOS/GAPDH ratios were significantly increased in the NIPC and NPNU groups. Compared with the HI group, serum CK-MB, cTnI, TNF-α and IL-6 levels and infarct size were significantly decreased in the HIPC group; however, myocardial p-Akt/Akt and eNOS/GAPDH ratios did not significantly change in the HIPC group. Furthermore, there were no significant difference between the HI and HPNU groups in serum LDH, CK-MB, cTnI, TNF-α and IL-6 levels, infarct size, myocardial p-Akt/Akt and eNOS/GAPDH ratios. In conclusion, hypercholesterolemia could aggravate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, attenuate cardioprotection of ischemic preconditioning and eliminate cardioprotection from α7nAChR agonist postconditioning by enhancing inflammation and inhibiting PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Shan Xue
- Department of Anesthesiology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Hui Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Hua Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, P.R. China
| | - Xu Liao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Duan H, Li M, Liu J, Sun J, Wu C, Chen Y, Guo X, Liu X. An Integrated Approach Based on Network Analysis Combined With Experimental Verification Reveals PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 Signaling Is an Important Way for the Anti-Myocardial Ischemia Activity of Yi-Qi-Tong-Luo Capsule. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:794528. [PMID: 35250556 PMCID: PMC8889021 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.794528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Yiqi-Tongluo Capsule (YTC) is a Chinese traditional patent medicine that has been used in the treatment of myocardial ischemia (MI). However, its molecular mechanisms against MI have not been clear. Methods: Network analysis and experimental verification were used to explore the potential molecular mechanisms of YTC for MI treatment. Firstly, the main components in the capsules and the potential targets of these components were predicted by online databases. The MI related genes were collected from Genecards and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) databases. The drug targets and disease targets were intersected, and then the protein-protein interaction (PPI) and Drug-Molecular-Target-Disease Network (DMTD) were constructed, and GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed. Based on the H2O2-stimulated H9c2 cells, flow cytometry, western blot (WB) and immunofluorescence experiments were performed to verify the network analysis prediction. Results: A total of 100 active components and 165 targets of YTC were predicted, in which there were 109 targets intersected with the targets of MI. GO and KEGG analysis showed that these potential targets were related to a variety of biological processes and molecular mechanisms, including oxidative stress and PI3K/AKT pathway. Astragaloside IV (AS IV) and paeoniflorin (PAE) might be the main active components in YTC. The results of cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) showed that YTC alleviated the damage of H2O2 to H9c2 cells. The results of flow cytometry, DAPI staining and JC-1 probe showed that YTC alleviated H2O2 induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells. In addition, YTC reduced the level of intracellular superoxide anion, increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and reduced the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in H2O2-induced H9c2 cells. The results of immunofluorescence and WB showed that the phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt were increased, the expression of Bcl-2 was up-regulated and the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax were down-regulated. Besides, the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 were increased. Conclusion: In conclusion, the results of this study showed that YTC might alleviate MI by suppressing apoptosis induced by oxidative stress via the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signal pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huxinyue Duan
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Meiyan Li
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Guangyuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangyuan, China.,Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiayi Sun
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunjie Wu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Guangyuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangyuan, China
| | - Xiaohui Guo
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinglong Liu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Shi P, Song C, Qi H, Ren J, Ren P, Wu J, Xie Y, Zhang M, Sun H, Cao Y. Up-regulation of IRF3 is required for docosahexaenoic acid suppressing ferroptosis of cardiac microvascular endothelial cells in cardiac hypertrophy rat. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 104:108972. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.108972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
31
|
Synergetic protective effect of remote ischemic preconditioning and prolyl 4‑hydroxylase inhibition in ischemic cardiac injury. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:80. [PMID: 35029283 PMCID: PMC8778658 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) serves a key role in the protective effect of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIP) in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced cardiac injury. Moreover, inhibition of prolyl 4-hydroxylase (PHD), an enzyme responsible for HIF-1α degradation, prevents I/R-induced cardiac injury. However, whether their protective effects are synergetic remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of RIP, PHD inhibition using dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) and their combination on I/R-induced cardiac injury. Rabbits were randomly divided into seven groups: i) Sham; ii) I/R; iii) lung RIP + I/R; iv) thigh RIP + I/R; v) DMOG + I/R; vi) DMOG + lung RIP + I/R; and vii) DMOG + thigh RIP + I/R. I/R models were established via 30 min left coronary artery occlusion and 3 h reperfusion. For lung/thigh RIP, rabbits received left pulmonary artery (or left limb) ischemia for 25 min and followed by release for 5 min. Some rabbits were administered 20 mg/kg DMOG. The results demonstrated that both lung/thigh RIP and DMOG significantly decreased myocardial infarct size, creatine kinase activity and myocardial apoptosis in I/R rabbits. Furthermore, the combination of RIP and PHD inhibition exerted synergetic protective effects on these aforementioned changes. The mechanistic study indicated that both treatments increased mRNA and protein expression levels of HIF-1α and its downstream regulators, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), AKT and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that RIP and PHD inhibition exerted synergetic protective effects on cardiac injury via activation of HIF-1α and the downstream VEGF/AKT-eNOS signaling pathway.
Collapse
|
32
|
Liu X, Yang Y, Song J, Li D, Liu X, Li C, Ma Z, Zhong J, Wang L. Knockdown of forkhead box protein P1 alleviates hypoxia reoxygenation injury in H9c2 cells through regulating Pik3ip1/Akt/eNOS and ROS/mPTP pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:1320-1334. [PMID: 35000528 PMCID: PMC8805992 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2016046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box protein P1 (Foxp1) exerts an extensive array of physiological and pathophysiological impacts on the cardiovascular system. However, the exact function of myocardial Foxp1 in myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury (MIRI) stays largely vague. The hypoxia reoxygenation model of H9c2 cells (the rat ventricular myoblasts) closely mimics myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. This report intends to research the effects and mechanisms underlying Foxp1 on H9c2 cells in response to hypoxia (12 h)/reoxygenation (4 h) (HR) stimulation. Expressions of Foxp1 and Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase interacting protein 1 (Pik3ip1) were both upregulated in ischemia/reperfusion (IR)/HR-induced injury. Stimulation through HR led to marked increases in cellular apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and superoxide generation in H9c2 cells, which were rescued with knockdown of Foxp1 by siRNA. Silence of Foxp1 depressed expression of Pik3ip1 directly activated the PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway and promoted nitric oxide (NO) release. Moreover, the knockdown of Foxp1 blunted HR-induced enhancement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, thus alleviating excessive persistence of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening and decreased mitochondrial apoptosis-associated protein expressions in H9c2 cells. Meanwhile, these cardioprotective effects can be abolished by LY294002, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), and Atractyloside (ATR), respectively. In summary, our findings indicated that knockdown of Foxp1 prevented HR-induced encouragement of apoptosis and oxidative stress via PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling activation by targeting Pik3ip1 and improved mitochondrial function by inhibiting ROS-mediated mPTP opening. Inhibition of Foxp1 may be a promising therapeutic avenue for MIRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinming Liu
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yixing Yang
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawei Song
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongjie Li
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuang Li
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiuchang Zhong
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lefeng Wang
- Heart Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Yu M, Han S, Wang M, Han L, Huang Y, Bo P, Fang P, Zhang Z. Baicalin protects against insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction through activation of GALR2/GLUT4 signaling. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 95:153869. [PMID: 34923235 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder associated with obesity, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Activation of GALR2 has been proposed as a therapeutic target for the treatment of insulin resistance. The previous studies showed that baicalin could mitigate insulin resistance, but the detailed mechanism of baicalin on insulin resistance has not been fully explored yet. PURPOSE In the present study, we evaluated whether baicalin mitigated insulin resistance via activation of GALR2 signaling pathway. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS Baicalin (25 mg/kg/d and 50 mg/kg/d) and/or GALR2 antagonist M871 (10 mg/kg/d) were injected individually or in combinations into obese mice once a day for three weeks, and normal and GALR2 knockdown myotubes were treated with baicalin (100 μM and 400 μM) or metformin (4 mM) in the absence or presence of M871 (800 nM) for 12 h, respectively. The molecular mechanism was explored in skeletal muscle and L6 myotubes. RESULTS The present findings showed that baicalin mitigated hyperglycemia and insulin resistance and elevated the levels of PGC-1α, GLUT4, p-p38MAPK, p-AKT and p-AS160 in skeletal muscle of obese mice. Strikingly, the baicalin-induced beneficial effects were abolished by GALR2 antagonist M871 in obese mice. In vitro, baicalin dramatically augmented glucose consumption and the activity of PGC1α-GLUT4 axis in myotubes through activation of p38MAPK and AKT pathways. Moreover, baicalin-induced elevations in glucose consumption related genes were abolished by GALR2 antagonist M871 or silencing of GALR2 in myotubes. CONCLUSIONS The present study for the first time demonstrated that baicalin protected against insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction mainly through activation of GALR2-GLUT4 signal pathway. Our findings identified that activation of GALR2-GLUT4 signal pathway by baicalin could be a new therapeutic approach to treat insulin resistance and T2DM in clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yu
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shiyu Han
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mengyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Long Han
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yujie Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Ping Bo
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Penghua Fang
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First College of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Department of Physiology, Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou 225300, China.
| | - Zhenwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liu X, Zhang M, Li Y, He W, Lu G, Wang Q, Wang Q. Effects of Levistilide A on Hemorheology and Endothelial Cell Injury in Rats with Blood Stasis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:6595383. [PMID: 34899955 PMCID: PMC8660196 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6595383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial cell injury is not only the initiating factor of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases but also the essence of blood stasis. Levistilide A (LA), a natural component isolated from the traditional Chinese herb, Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, has traditional effects on improving blood circulation and removing stasis. In this study, the effects and potential mechanisms of LA in the rat model of blood stasis and the mechanism in endothelial cell injury have been explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experiment, the effects of LA on the model of acute blood stasis in rats were explored. The blood samples were collected for the measurement of coagulation and hemorheological indices, and the carotid arteries were also excised from rats for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC). In addition, the improvement effects of LA on the H2O2-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) injury model were evaluated. And the cell viability detection was conducted by the CCK8 assay, and the pathway-related protein expressions were detected by western blotting. RESULTS In vivo, compared with the model group, the treatment of LA (10 mg/kg) could reduce the FIB (fibrinogen) content (P < 0.01), increase the INR (international normalized ratio) and PT (prothrombin time) (P < 0.01), and reduce the plasma viscosity (P < 0.05) and whole blood viscosities of low, medium, and high shear rates in the blood of blood stasis model rats (P < 0.01). In vitro, the cell viability in the LA-pretreated group was higher than that of the model group (P < 0.05). The expression levels of PI3K, AKT, and eNOs in the LA-pretreated group were increased (P < 0.01) as compared to the model group. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrated that LA has the ability to improve blood hypercoagulation and blood viscosity, and enhance the viability of cells. It is more likely that it exerts a protective effect on the endothelial cell through the PI3K-AKT-eNOs pathway. These results indicate LA will be a potential candidate to cure blood stasis with endothelial cell injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- XiaoTong Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University (SWMU), Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
- Sino-Portugal TCM International Cooperation Center, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - MiJia Zhang
- Sino-Portugal TCM International Cooperation Center, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - YuJiao Li
- Sino-Portugal TCM International Cooperation Center, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - WenLu He
- Sino-Portugal TCM International Cooperation Center, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - GuangHua Lu
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Sino-Portugal TCM International Cooperation Center, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - QiaoZhi Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University (SWMU), Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chen Z, Yan Y, Qi C, Liu J, Li L, Wang J. The Role of Ferroptosis in Cardiovascular Disease and Its Therapeutic Significance. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:733229. [PMID: 34765653 PMCID: PMC8576275 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.733229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of deaths worldwide with regulated cell death playing an important role in cardiac pathophysiology. However, the classical mode of cell death cannot fully explain the occurrence and development of heart disease. In recent years, much research has been performed on ferroptosis, a new type of cell death that causes cell damage and contributes to the development of atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and other diseases. In this review, we discuss the role of different organelles in ferroptosis and also focus on the relationship between autophagy and ferroptosis. Additionally, we describe the specific mechanism by which ferroptosis contributes to the development of CVD. Finally, we summarize the current research on ferroptosis-related pathway inhibitors and the applications of clinically beneficial cardiovascular drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Youyou Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chao Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Longbo Li
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Junnan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yang M, Liu X, Jiang M, Li J, Tang Y, Zhou L. miR-543 in human mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promotes cardiac microvascular endothelial cell angiogenesis after myocardial infarction through COL4A1. IUBMB Life 2021; 73:927-940. [PMID: 33890394 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
To explore the impact and mechanism of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) on the angiogenesis of cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) after ischemia insult. Exosomes derived from hMSCs (hMSCs-Exo) were identified by Western blotting and labeled by PHK-67. CMECs were isolated from rat myocardial tissues. After hypoxic treatment, CMECs were cultured with hMSCs and exosome inhibitor (GW4869) or transfected with si-COL4A1 + miR-543 inhibitor. CMEC proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis were examined. Target genes of miR-543 were predicted and then were identified by dual luciferase assay. Myocardial infarction (MI) rat model established by suture occlusion was intravenously injected with hMSCs-Exo. Fluorescence microscope was applied to visualize exosomes in myocardial tissues. Infarction volume and pathologies of myocardial tissues were observed. Ki-67 and miR-543 expressions were detected. The isolated hMSC-Exo expressed TSG101, HSP70, and CD63. Hypoxia-treated CMECs cultured with hMSCs exhibited high proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis ability, while incubation with exosome inhibitor GW4969 offset the promoting effects of hMSCs on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis of CMECs. hMSCs transfected with miR-543 inhibitor brought CMECs weak viability and angiogenesis ability. CMECs transfected with si-COL4A1 and miR-543 inhibitor showed low proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis compared to those transfected with si-COL4A1 alone. hMSCs-Exo entered the myocardial tissues of MI rats. Injection of hMSCs-Exo in MI rats diminished infarction size, attenuated MI-induced injuries, and increased Ki-67 expression. hMSCs-Exo facilitates the proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis of CMECs through transferring miR-543 and downregulating COL4A1 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xueting Liu
- Medical Research Center, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Manli Jiang
- Medical Research Center, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yaping Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
吴 胜, 张 露, 樊 红, 黄 艳, 宗 巧, 高 琴, 李 正. [PI3K/Akt signaling pathway mediates the protective effect of endomorphin-1 postconditioning against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:870-875. [PMID: 34238739 PMCID: PMC8267992 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.06.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in mediating the protective effect of endomorphin-1 against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. OBJECTIVE Fifty SD male rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, myocardial IR group, endomorphin-1 post-treatment group (EM50 group), endomorphin-1+wortmannin (a PI3K/Akt signaling pathway inhibitor) treatment group (EM50+Wort group), and wortmannin treatment group (Wort group). Rat models of myocardial IR injury were established by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 120 min. The heart rate and mean arterial pressure were monitored during the experiment. Plasma levels of LDH, CK-MB, cTnI, IL-6, TNF-α, SOD and MDA were measured after reperfusion. The mRNA expression of Bax and Bcl-2 was detected using RT-PCR, and the expression of apoptosis-related protein cleaved caspase-3, phosphorylated Akt protein and total Akt protein in myocardial tissue was detected using Western blotting. OBJECTIVE Myocardial IR injury significantly decreased heart rate and blood pressure of the rats in comparison with the sham operation (P < 0.05). Compared with those in the IR group, the rats in EM50 group showed significantly increased heart rate and blood pressure (P < 0.05) with decreased plasma LDH, CK-MB, cTnI, IL-6, TNF-α and MDA levels (P < 0.05), increased SOD activity (P < 0.05), increased expression of p-Akt protein and Bcl-2 mRNA (P < 0.05), and decreased expression of Bax mRNA and cleaved caspase-3 protein (P < 0.05). In EM50+Wort group, the heart rate and blood pressure were significantly lowered (P < 0.05), plasma LDH, CK-MB, cTnI, IL-6, TNF-α and MDA levels increased (P < 0.05), SOD activity decreased (P < 0.05), the expression of p-Akt protein and Bcl-2 mRNA was reduced (P < 0.05), and the expression of Bax mRNA and cleaved caspase-3 protein increased (P < 0.05) as compared with those in EM50 group. OBJECTIVE EM-1 postconditioning can regulate cardiac myocyte apoptosis and reduce myocardial IR injury in rats. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway may play a role in mediating the myocardial protective effects of EM-1 postconditioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- 胜男 吴
- 蚌埠医学院生理教研室,安徽 蚌埠 233030Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - 露 张
- 蚌埠医学院生理教研室,安徽 蚌埠 233030Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - 红莲 樊
- 蚌埠医学院药学院,安徽 蚌埠 233030School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - 艳平 黄
- 蚌埠医学院药学院,安徽 蚌埠 233030School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - 巧凤 宗
- 蚌埠医学院生理教研室,安徽 蚌埠 233030Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - 琴 高
- 蚌埠医学院科研中心,安徽 蚌埠 233030Research Center, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - 正红 李
- 蚌埠医学院生理教研室,安徽 蚌埠 233030Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Fan Z, Cai L, Wang S, Wang J, Chen B. Baicalin Prevents Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through Inhibiting ACSL4 Mediated Ferroptosis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:628988. [PMID: 33935719 PMCID: PMC8079950 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.628988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Baicalin is a natural flavonoid glycoside that confers protection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, its mechanism has not been fully understood. This study focused on elucidating the role of ferroptosis in baicalin-generated protective effects on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury by using the myocardial I/R rat model and oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) H9c2 cells. Our results show that baicalin improved myocardial I/R challenge–induced ST segment elevation, coronary flow (CF), left ventricular systolic pressure , infarct area, and pathological changes and prevented OGD/R-triggered cell viability loss. In addition, enhanced lipid peroxidation and significant iron accumulation along with activated transferrin receptor protein 1 (TfR1) signal and nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4)-medicated ferritinophagy were observed in in vivo and in vitro models, which were reversed by baicalin treatment. Furthermore, acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) overexpression compromised baicalin-generated protective effect in H9c2 cells. Taken together, our findings suggest that baicalin prevents against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via suppressing ACSL4-controlled ferroptosis. This study provides a novel target for the prevention of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Liangliang Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Bohua Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Deng J. Research progress on the molecular mechanism of coronary microvascular endothelial cell dysfunction. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2021; 34:100777. [PMID: 33912653 PMCID: PMC8065195 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2021.100777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Coronary microvascular disease is a high-risk factor for many cardiovascular events. However, due to its high concealment and many etiologies, the current understanding of its pathophysiological mechanism is very limited, which greatly limits its clinical diagnosis and treatment. In the process of the occurrence and development of coronary microvascular disease, the damage of coronary microvascular endothelial cell (CMEC) is the core link. CMEC's stress, metabolism, inflammation and other dysfunctions have a causal relationship with coronary microvascular disease, and are also the main features of coronary microvascular disease in the early stage. This article mainly reviews the molecular mechanisms of CMEC damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Deng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chongqing Kanghua Zhonglian Cardiovascular Hospital, Chong Qing, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhao Y, Qian Y, Sun Z, Shen X, Cai Y, Li L, Wang Z. Role of PI3K in the Progression and Regression of Atherosclerosis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:632378. [PMID: 33767629 PMCID: PMC7985550 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.632378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) is a key molecule in the initiation of signal transduction pathways after the binding of extracellular signals to cell surface receptors. An intracellular kinase, PI3K activates multiple intracellular signaling pathways that affect cell growth, proliferation, migration, secretion, differentiation, transcription and translation. Dysregulation of PI3K activity, and as aberrant PI3K signaling, lead to a broad range of human diseases, such as cancer, immune disorders, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. A growing number of studies have shown that PI3K and its signaling pathways play key roles in the pathophysiological process of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, drugs targeting PI3K and its related signaling pathways are promising treatments for atherosclerosis. Therefore, we have reviewed how PI3K, an important regulatory factor, mediates the development of atherosclerosis and how targeting PI3K can be used to prevent and treat atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yongjiang Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xinyi Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yaoyao Cai
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhongqun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lei W, Li J, Li C, Chen L, Huang F, Xiao D, Zhang J, Zhao J, Li G, Qu T, Zhou H, Liao Y, Chen M. MARCH5 restores endothelial cell function against ischaemic/hypoxia injury via Akt/eNOS pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:3182-3193. [PMID: 33611830 PMCID: PMC8034466 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MARCH5 is a critical regulator of mitochondrial dynamics, apoptosis and mitophagy. However, its role in cardiovascular system remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the role of MARCH5 in endothelial cell (ECs) injury and the involvement of the Akt/eNOS signalling pathway in this process. Rat models of myocardial infarction (MI) and human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (HCMECs) exposed to hypoxia (1% O2) were used in this study. MARCH5 expression was significantly reduced in ECs of MI hearts and ECs exposed to hypoxia. Hypoxia inhibited the proliferation, migration and tube formation of ECs, and these effects were aggravated by knockdown of MARCH5 but antagonized by overexpressed MARCH5. Overexpression of MARCH5 increased nitric oxide (NO) content, p‐eNOS and p‐Akt, while MARCH5 knockdown exerted the opposite effects. The protective effects mediated by MARCH5 overexpression on ECs could be inhibited by eNOS inhibitor L‐NAME and Akt inhibitor LY294002. In conclusion, these results indicated that MARCH5 acts as a protective factor in ischaemia/hypoxia‐induced ECs injury partially through Akt/eNOS pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Lei
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junli Li
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changming Li
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fangyang Huang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jialiang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiahao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guoyong Li
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianyi Qu
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanbiao Liao
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ying L, Benjanuwattra J, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. The role of RIPK3-regulated cell death pathways and necroptosis in the pathogenesis of cardiac ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 231:e13541. [PMID: 32687661 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2008] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite advancements in management of acute myocardial infarction, this disease remains one of the leading causes of death. Timely reestablishment of epicardial coronary blood flow is the cornerstone of therapy; however, substantial amount of damage can occur as a consequence of cardiac ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. It has been previously proposed that the pathway leading to major cell death, apoptosis, is responsible for cardiac I/R injury. Nevertheless, there is compelling evidence to suggest that necroptosis, a programmed necrosis, contributes remarkably to both myocardial injury and microcirculatory dysfunction following cardiac I/R injury. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), RIPK3, and mixed-lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL) are shown as the major mediators of necroptosis. In addition to the traditional perception that RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL-dependent plasma membrane rupture is fundamental to this process, several RIPK3-related pathways such as endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial fragmentation have also been implicated in cardiac I/R injury. In this review, reports from both in vitro and in vivo studies regarding the roles of necroptosis and RIPK3-regulated necrosis in cardiac I/R injury have been collectively summarized and discussed. Furthermore, reports on potential interventions targeting these processes to attenuate cardiac I/R insults to the heart have been presented in this review. Future investigations adding to the knowledge obtained from these previous studies are needed in the pursuit of discovering the most effective pharmacological agent to improve cardiac I/R outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luo Ying
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Juthipong Benjanuwattra
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lu LQ, Tian J, Luo XJ, Peng J. Targeting the pathways of regulated necrosis: a potential strategy for alleviation of cardio-cerebrovascular injury. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:63-78. [PMID: 32596778 PMCID: PMC11072340 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03587-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy-dependent cell death are the three major types of cell death. Traditionally, necrosis is thought as a passive and unregulated form of cell death. However, certain necrosis can also occur in a highly regulated manner, referring to regulated necrosis. Depending on the signaling pathways, regulated necrosis can be further classified as necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, parthanatos and CypD-mediated necrosis. Numerous studies have reported that regulated necrosis contributes to the progression of multiple injury-relevant diseases. For example, necroptosis contributes to the development of myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, heart failure and stroke; pyroptosis is involved in the progression of myocardial or cerebral infarction, atherosclerosis and diabetic cardiomyopathy; while ferroptosis, parthanatos and CypD-mediated necrosis participate in the pathological process of myocardial and/or cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Thereby, targeting the pathways of regulated necrosis pharmacologically or genetically could be an efficient strategy for reducing cardio-cerebrovascular injury. Further study needs to focus on the crosstalk and interplay among different types of regulated necrosis. Pharmacological intervention of two or more types of regulated necrosis simultaneously may have advantages in clinic to treat injury-relevant diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qun Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Xiu-Ju Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Xu M, Li X, Song L. Baicalin regulates macrophages polarization and alleviates myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury via inhibiting JAK/STAT pathway. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:655-663. [PMID: 32649845 PMCID: PMC7470075 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1779318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Baicalin is an active compound which demonstrates cardioprotection effects against myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). OBJECTIVE To investigate how baicalin protects against myocardial injury and to explore its potential mechanism. We hypothesized that baicalin-modulated macrophages change from M1 (pro-inflammatory subset) to M2 (anti-inflammatory subset) under I/R stress. MATERIALS AND METHODS We established an ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) model using Sprague Dawley (SD) rat, then baicalin was intragastric administration (20, 60 or 120 mg/kg) for 24 h. The rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 10): control, I/R, I/R + baicalin (20 mg/kg), I/R + baicalin (60 mg/kg) and I/R + baicalin (120 mg/kg). Cardiac function was detected by echocardiography, HE staining and ELISA, respectively. Macrophage phenotype was examined by flow cytometry. Furthermore, IHC, qRT-PCR and WB were employed to analyse the related mechanisms. RESULTS The study showed that baicalin (20, 60 or 120 mg/kg) significantly improved cardiac function and impeded cardiac apoptosis in rats. In addition, the repair of myocardial morphology (reduced neutrophil infiltration) further confirmed its cardiacprotective effect. Moreover, baicalin effectively decreased iNOS, IL-1β and IL-6, and up-regulated Arg-1, IL-10 and TGF-β via changing the macrophage phenotype (from M1 towards M2). Notably, treatment with baicalin also inhibited the phosphorylation levels of JAK2 and STAT3. Discussion and conclusions: It was confirmed that baicalin alleviated post-I/R myocardial injury and reduced inflammation via JAK/STAT pathway, and baicalin treatment might be recommended as a new approach for myocardial ischaemic complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - XiaoYong Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Laichun Song
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, P.R. China
- CONTACT Laichun Song Department of Cardiac Surgery, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, No.753 Jinghan Road, Hankou District, Wuhan, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yan Z, Liqiong S, Yingduo Y, Jin Q, Boyang Y. Application of multi-dimensional and multi-informational (MD-MI) integrated xanthine oxidase and superoxide anion fingerprint in quality evaluation of Scutellariae Radix. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 191:113595. [PMID: 32905858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A multi-hyphenated analytical method that was successfully established in previous research was applied to quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to verify its feasibility in complex systems. Scutellariae Radix (SR), which significantly protects against oxidative damage from ischemia and reperfusion, was selected as the TCM for this study. A dual-activity detection system based on xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibition and superoxide anion (O2-) scavenging activity was used to generate a multi-dimensional-multi-informational (MD-MI) integrated fingerprint of SR. Combined with HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS analysis, 17 active compounds in SR were tentatively identified by comparison with reference substances or literature data. The quality of SR from different habitats was comprehensively and systematically evaluated in respect of chemical composition, XOD inhibition and O2- scavenging activity. It was confirmed that SR contains many antioxidants and XOD inhibitory substances with diverse functions. Among them, baicalin, norwogonin-7-O-glucuronide and baicalein are the main contributors to direct antioxidant activity. Acteoside, 5,7,2',5'-tetrahydroxy-8,6'-dimethoxy flavone, baicalin and baicalein are the main XOD inhibitory components of SR. Comprehensive analysis found that the antioxidant activity of SR from Gansu Province was superior to that from other provinces in terms of both XOD inhibition and O2- scavenging activity. It has been demonstrated that the method is capable of analyzing complex TCM matrices, and can provide a useful reference for establishing quality control of TCM from the perspective of MD-MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Yan
- Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Sun Liqiong
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Yang Yingduo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Qi Jin
- Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| | - Yu Boyang
- Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Chen H, Shi Z, Xing Y, Li X, Fu F. Fangchinoline attenuates cardiac dysfunction in rats with endotoxemia via the inhibition of ERK1/2 and NF-κB p65 phosphorylation. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1167. [PMID: 33241016 PMCID: PMC7576032 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-5669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Cardiac dysfunction is a complication commonly encountered by patients with endotoxemia. Fangchinoline (Fan) is a natural bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid. This study aimed to investigate the cardioprotective effect of Fan against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute cardiac dysfunction. Methods Rats were administered with Baicalin (100 mg/kg) and Fan (30 or 60 mg/kg) via intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) for 3 days, followed by LPS treatment (10 mg/kg, i.p.). The rats were randomly grouped (n=10): the control group, the LPS group, the LPS + Baicalin group, the LPS + Fan groups. Echocardiography and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining were performed to detect cardiac dysfunction. Cardiac function were also determined by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), ELISA, and western blot, respectively. The protective mechanisms of Fan were analyzed by western blot and qRT-PCR. Results LPS induced the depression of cardiac function, myocardial inflammation, and apoptosis. These changes were associated with decreased GRP78 and GADD34, increased C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP) and cleaved caspase-12. Fan significantly reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines such as monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, and IL-6. Furthermore, Fan treatment increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA. Notably, Fan inhibited myocardial apoptosis following ER stress in the LPS-induced rat model and stimulated phosphorylation activation of ERK1/2 and NF-κB p65 proteins. Conclusions Fan deficiency alleviated LPS-induced endotoxemia in rats. Therefore, Fan may be a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of cardiac dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zonghua Shi
- CCU, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Xinwei Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Louhe Medical College, Louhe, China
| | - Fengzhou Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital, Dongguan, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wang J, Zhou H. Mitochondrial quality control mechanisms as molecular targets in cardiac ischemia -reperfusion injury. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:1866-1879. [PMID: 33163341 PMCID: PMC7606115 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial damage is a critical contributor to cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Mitochondrial quality control (MQC) mechanisms, a series of adaptive responses that preserve mitochondrial structure and function, ensure cardiomyocyte survival and cardiac function after I/R injury. MQC includes mitochondrial fission, mitochondrial fusion, mitophagy and mitochondria-dependent cell death. The interplay among these responses is linked to pathological changes such as redox imbalance, calcium overload, energy metabolism disorder, signal transduction arrest, the mitochondrial unfolded protein response and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Excessive mitochondrial fission is an early marker of mitochondrial damage and cardiomyocyte death. Reduced mitochondrial fusion has been observed in stressed cardiomyocytes and correlates with mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiac depression. Mitophagy allows autophagosomes to selectively degrade poorly structured mitochondria, thus maintaining mitochondrial network fitness. Nevertheless, abnormal mitophagy is maladaptive and has been linked to cell death. Although mitochondria serve as the fuel source of the heart by continuously producing adenosine triphosphate, they also stimulate cardiomyocyte death by inducing apoptosis or necroptosis in the reperfused myocardium. Therefore, defects in MQC may determine the fate of cardiomyocytes. In this review, we summarize the regulatory mechanisms and pathological effects of MQC in myocardial I/R injury, highlighting potential targets for the clinical management of reperfusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Du HW, Cong W, Wang B, Zhao XL, Meng XC. High-throughput metabolomic method based on liquid chromatography: high resolution mass spectrometry with chemometrics for metabolic biomarkers and pathway analysis to reveal the protective effects of baicalin on thyroid cancer. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:4139-4149. [PMID: 32776035 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay00977f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cell metabonomics focuses on discovering metabolic biomarkers and pathway changes in cells from biological systems to obtain the cell properties and functional information under different conditions. Baicalin possesses various pharmacological activities, and plays a vital role in the oncology research field. However, the detailed mechanism of its action is still unclear. In this work, we employed ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) based non-targeted metabolomics method associated with chemometrics analysis to explore metabolic pathways and biomarkers for investigating the efficacy and pharmacological targets of baicalin against thyroid cancer cells. In addition, morphological observation, parameter calculation of cell proliferation and apoptosis were carried out, which assisted in elucidation of pharmacological activity of baicalin on the human thyroid cancer cells. The results showed that baicalin possesses an intense stimulative apoptosis and inhibits proliferation activity on SW579 human thyroid cancer cells, and partially reversed the cell metabolite abnormalities. A total of nineteen differentiated metabolites in SW579 cells were identified and deemed as potential biomarkers after the baicalin treatment, involving nine metabolic pathways, such as taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, fructose and mannose metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis and sphingolipid metabolism. High-throughput non-targeted metabolomics provide an insight into specialized mechanism of baicalin against thyroid cancer and contributes to novel drug discovery and thyroid cancer management in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wei Du
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ren L, Wang Q, Ma L, Wang D. MicroRNA-760-mediated low expression of DUSP1 impedes the protective effect of NaHS on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 98:378-385. [PMID: 32160475 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2019-0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is the leading cause of the poor prognosis for patients undergoing clinical cardiac surgery. Micro-RNAs are involved in MIRI; however, the effect of miR-760 on MIRI and the molecular mechanisms behind it have not yet been described. For our in-vivo experiments, 20 rats were randomly distributed between 2 groups (n = 10): the sham-treatment group and the ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) group. For our in-vitro experiments, H9C2 cells were subjected to hypoxia for 6 h, and then reoxygenated to establish an hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) model. High expression levels of of miR-760 were observed in the rats subjected to MIRI and the H9C2 cells subjected to H/R. Further, the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malonaldehyde (MDA) were increased, and the size of the myocardial infarct was notably greater in the rats subjected to MIRI, suggesting that miR-760 worsens the effects of MIRI. The inhibitory effects from NaHS on apoptosis were enhanced, as were the expression levels of cleaved caspase 3 and cleaved PARP in H9C2 cells exposed to H/R, and with low-expression levels of miR-760. TargetScan and dual luciferase reporter assays further confirmed the targeted relationship between dual-specificity protein phosphatase (DUSP1) and miR-760. Additionally, miR-760 overexpression and H/R treatment of H9C2 cells inhibited the expression of DUSP1, which further promoted apoptosis. Furthermore, DUSP1 enhanced the anti-apoptotic effects of NaHS in rats subjected to MIRI. Taken together, these findings suggest that miR-760 inhibits the protective effect of NaHS against MIRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ren
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050011, China.,Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province 066000, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province 066000, China
| | - Lixiang Ma
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province 066000, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050011, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wang J, Toan S, Zhou H. Mitochondrial quality control in cardiac microvascular ischemia-reperfusion injury: New insights into the mechanisms and therapeutic potentials. Pharmacol Res 2020; 156:104771. [PMID: 32234339 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Thrombolytic therapy and revascularization strategies create a complete recanalization of the occluded epicardial coronary artery in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). However, about 35 % of patients still experience an impaired myocardial reperfusion, which is termed a no-reflow phenomenon mainly caused by cardiac microvascular ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Mitochondria are essential for microvascular endothelial cells' survival, both because of their roles as metabolic energy producers and as regulators of programmed cell death. Mitochondrial structure and function are regulated by a mitochondrial quality control (MQC) system, a series of processes including mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics/mitophagy, mitochondrial proteostasis, and mitochondria-mediated cell death. Our review discusses the MQC mechanisms and how they are linked to cardiac microvascular I/R injury. Additionally, we will summarize the molecular basis that results in defective MQC mechanisms and present potential therapeutic interventions for improving MQC in cardiac microvascular I/R injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Sam Toan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Hao Zhou
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China.
| |
Collapse
|