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Dong B, Peng Y, Wang M, Peng C, Li X. Multi-omics integrated analyses indicated that non-polysaccharides of Sijunzi decoction ameliorated spleen deficiency syndrome via regulating microbiota-gut-metabolites axis and exerted synergistic compatibility. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118276. [PMID: 38697408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE As a classical traditional Chinese medicine formula to invigorating spleen and replenishing qi, Sijunzi decoction (SJZD) is composed of four herbs, which is applied to cure spleen deficiency syndrome (SDS) clinically. The non-polysaccharides (NPSs) of SJZD (SJZD_NPS) are important pharmacodynamic material basis. However, the amelioration mechanism of SJZD_NPS on SDS has not been fully elaborated. Additionally, the contribution of herbs compatibility to efficacy of this formula remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim was to explore the underlying mechanisms of SJZD_NPS on improving SDS, and uncover the scientific connotation in SJZD compatibility. MATERIALS AND METHODS A strategy integrating incomplete formulae (called "Chai-fang" in Chinese) comparison, pharmacodynamics, gut microbiome, and metabolome was employed to reveal the role of each herb to SJZD compatibility against SDS. Additionally, the underlying mechanism harbored by SJZD_NPS was further explored through targeted metabolomics, network pharmacology, molecular docking, pseudo-sterile model, and metagenomics. RESULTS SJZD_NPS significantly alleviated diarrhea, disordered secretion of gastrointestinal hormones and neurotransmitters, damage of ileal morphology and intestinal barrier in SDS rats, which was superior to the NPSs of Chai-fang. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomics analyses revealed that SJZD_NPS effectively restored the disturbed gut microbiota community and abnormal metabolism caused by SDS, showing the most evident recovery. Moreover, SJZD_NPS recalled the levels of partial amino acids, short chain fatty acids and bile acids, which possessed strong binding affinity towards potential targets. The depletion of gut microbiota confirmed that the SDS-amelioration efficacy of SJZD_NPS is dependent on the intact gut microbiome, with the relative abundance of potential probiotics such as Lactobacillus_johnsonii and Lactobacillus_taiwanensis been enriched. CONCLUSION NPSs in SJZD can improve SDS-induced gastrointestinal-nervous system dysfunction through regulating microbiota-gut-metabolites axis, with four herbs exerting synergistic effects, which indicated the compatibility rationality of SJZD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangjian Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ying Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Mengyue Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chongsheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Wang X, Pan S, Chen L, Liang C, Zhu Y, Zhou K, Shi X. Sijunzi decoction enhances sensitivity of colon cancer cells to NK cell destruction by modulating P53 expression. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 329:118115. [PMID: 38580190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sijunzi Decoction (SJZD), a traditional Chinese herbal remedy, is frequently employed in the treatment of various cancers, including colon cancer. Previous research suggests that SJZD plays a pivotal role in modulating the immune system and enhancing immunity against tumors. However, the precise role of SJZD in combating colon cancer and its potential molecular functions in regulating natural killer cells remain elusive. AIMS OF THE STUDY To elucidate the potential mechanism underlying the anticolon cancer effects of SJZD in synergy with natural killer (NK) cells through both in vivo and in vitro experiments. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vivo experiments: A subcutaneous tumor mouse model of colon cancer and in vivo NK cell depletion experiments were conducted to observe the anticolon cancer effects of SJZD. Flow cytometry assessed immune cell depletion in mouse spleens, while immunohistochemical (IHC) staining detected the expression of apoptotic genes in tumor tissues. In vitro experiments: The mechanism by which SJZD regulates the sensitization of colon cancer cells to NK cells was investigated using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blotting (WB), and co-culture experiments with NK cells. RESULTS Sijunzi Decoction (SJZD) significantly impeded tumor growth in mice; however, NK cell depletion markedly attenuated the tumor-suppressive effect of SJZD. Immunohistochemical (IHC) results indicated that SJZD increased the expression of P53, death receptor 4 (DR4), and death receptor 5 (DR5) in tumor tissues. In vitro experiments, 24 h SJZD-pretreated colon cancer cells showed a substantial elevation in P53, DR4, and DR5 levels, and the activity of colon cancer cells significantly diminished after co-culture with NK cells. These effects of SJZD were reversed with the addition of the P53 inhibitor pifithrin-α (PFT-α), resulting in reduced inhibition of colon cancer cells by NK cells. CONCLUSION SJZD enhances the levels of DR4 and DR5 through the modulation of P53 expression, consequently increasing the sensitivity of colon cancer cells to NK cell-mediated killing. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for the clinical application of SJZD in patients with colon cancer. In this study, we first investigated the effect of SJZD on subcutaneous tumor growth in mice with colon cancer using in vivo assays and assessed the impact of NK cells on the anticolon cancer effect of SJZD in vivo through NK cell depletion. In vitro experiments were conducted to explore the potential mechanism of action of SJZD in NK cell-mediated anticolon cancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Wang
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Shufang Pan
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Liangyan Chen
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Chengchen Liang
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Yueyi Zhu
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Ke Zhou
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Xiaolan Shi
- Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200062, China.
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Chenxing W, Jie S, Yajuan T, Ting L, Yuying Z, Suhong C, Guiyuan L. The rhizomes of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz improve gastrointestinal health and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant mice via modulating intestinal barrier and water-fluid metabolism. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 326:117971. [PMID: 38403003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Baizhu (BZ) is the dried rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (Compositae), which invigorates the spleen, improves vital energy, stabilizes the fetus, and is widely used for treating spleen deficiency syndrome. However, the impact of BZ on gastrointestinal function during pregnancy remains unexplored. AIM OF THE STUDY This study elucidated the ameliorative effects of BZ on gastrointestinal health and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant mice with spleen deficiency diarrhea (SDD). METHODS To simulate an irregular human diet and overconsumption of cold and bitter foods leading to SDD, a model of pregnant mice with SDD was established using an alternate-day fasting and high-fat diet combined with oral administration of Sennae Folium. During the experiment, general indicators and diarrhea-related parameters were measured. Gastric and intestinal motility (small intestinal propulsion and gastric emptying rates) were evaluated. Serum motilin (MTL), ghrelin, growth hormone (GH), gastrin (Gas), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), chorionic gonadotropin β (β-CG), progesterone (P), and estradiol (E2) were quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pathological changes were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining (H&E) and alcian blue periodic acid Schiff staining (AB-PAS). Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to measure the expression levels of the intestinal barrier and water metabolism-related proteins in colonic tissues. The pregnancy rate, ovarian organ coefficient, uterus with fetus organ coefficient, small size, average fetal weight, and body length of fetal mice were calculated. RESULTS The results showed that BZ significantly improved general indicators and diarrhea in pregnant mice with SDD, increased gastric emptying rate and small intestinal propulsion rate, elevated the levels of gastrointestinal hormones (AMS, ghrelin, GH, and Gas) in the serum, and reduced lipid levels (TC and LDL-c). It also improved colonic tissue morphology, increased the number of goblet cells, and promoted the mRNA and protein expression of occludin, claudin-1, ZO-1, AQP3, AQP4, and AQP8 in colonic tissues, downregulating the mRNA and protein expression levels of claudin-2, thereby alleviating intestinal barrier damage and regulating the balance of water and fluid metabolism. BZ also held the levels of pregnancy hormones (β-CG, P, and E2) in the serum of pregnant mice with SDD. Moreover, it increased the pregnancy rate, ovarian organ coefficient, uterus with fetus organ coefficient, litter size, average fetal weight, and body length of fetal mice. These findings indicate that BZ can improve spleen deficiency-related symptoms in pregnant mice before and during pregnancy, regulate pregnancy-related hormones, and improve pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Chenxing
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Su Jie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Tian Yajuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Li Ting
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Zhong Yuying
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Chen Suhong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Lv Guiyuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Yang P, Lei H, Fu Y, Chen C, Tang L, Xia S, Guo Y, Chen G, Xie M, Yang J, Li F, Li L. Exosomal miR-151-3p in saliva: A potential non-invasive marker for gastric cancer diagnosis and prognosis modulated by Sijunzi decoction (SJZD) in mice. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29169. [PMID: 38633631 PMCID: PMC11021977 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prominent malignancies that originate in the epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa and is one of the main causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. New circulating biomarkers of exosomal RNA might have great potential for non-invasive early prognosis of GC. Sijunzi Decoction (SJZD) is a typical representative formula of the method of benefiting Qi and strengthening the spleen in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). However, the effects and mechanism of SJZD in treating GC remain unclear. This study looked for biomarkers of exosomal RNA for early prognosis of GC, and explored the mechanism of SJZD in treating GC. A gastric cancer model with spleen deficiency syndrome was established in nude mice, and the curative effects of SJZD were investigated. Differentially expressed miRNAs in plasma and saliva exosomes were sequenced and analyzed. Potential target genes of these miRNAs were predicted and applied for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathway enrichment annotation. Overlapping miRNAs in saliva and plasma samples were analyzed, and qRT-PCR was performed for verification. miR-151a-3p was selected, and qRT-PCR further determined that miR-151a-3p was downregulated in saliva and plasma exosomes from the SJZD group. The intersected miR-151a-3p target genes were predicted and enriched in the extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathways. SJZD significantly ameliorates gastric cancer with spleen deficiency syndrome in mouse models, and exosomal miRNAs, particularly miR-151-3p, might be modulated by SJZD in plasma and saliva. The exosomal miR-151-3p in saliva may serve as a non-invasive potential marker for gastric cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- Department of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine, Hunan Brain Hospital, Clinical Medical School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Biomedical Informatics & Genomics Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Huijun Lei
- Department of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine, Hunan Brain Hospital, Clinical Medical School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
- Key Laboratory of TCM Heart and Lung Syndrome Differentiation & Medicated Diet and Dietotherapy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Yue Fu
- Department of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine, Hunan Brain Hospital, Clinical Medical School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
- Key Laboratory of TCM Heart and Lung Syndrome Differentiation & Medicated Diet and Dietotherapy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine, Hunan Brain Hospital, Clinical Medical School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
- Key Laboratory of TCM Heart and Lung Syndrome Differentiation & Medicated Diet and Dietotherapy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine, Hunan Brain Hospital, Clinical Medical School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Shuaishuai Xia
- Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
- Key Laboratory of TCM Heart and Lung Syndrome Differentiation & Medicated Diet and Dietotherapy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Biomedical Informatics & Genomics Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Guangyu Chen
- Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
- Key Laboratory of TCM Heart and Lung Syndrome Differentiation & Medicated Diet and Dietotherapy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Mengzhou Xie
- Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
- Key Laboratory of TCM Heart and Lung Syndrome Differentiation & Medicated Diet and Dietotherapy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Community Health Service Center of Dongtang Street, Yuhua District, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
| | - Feng Li
- School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA90095, United States
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine, Hunan Brain Hospital, Clinical Medical School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
- Key Laboratory of TCM Heart and Lung Syndrome Differentiation & Medicated Diet and Dietotherapy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China
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Xu M, Hu J, Li H, Li K, Xu D. Research overview on the genetic mechanism underlying the biosynthesis of polysaccharide in tuber plants. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17052. [PMID: 38464751 PMCID: PMC10924778 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuber plants are of great significance in the world as human food crops. Polysaccharides, important metabolites in tuber plants, also serve as a source of innovative drugs with significant pharmacological effects. These drugs are particularly known for their immunomodulation and antitumor properties. To fully exploit the potential value of tuber plant polysaccharides and establish a synthetic system for their targeted synthesis, it is crucial to dissect their metabolic processes and genetic regulatory mechanisms. In this article, we provide a comprehensive summary of the basic pathways involved in the synthesis of various types of tuber plant polysaccharides. We also outline the key research progress that has been made in this area in recent years. We classify the main types and functions of tuber plant polysaccharides and analyze the biosynthetic processes and genetic regulation mechanisms of key enzymes involved in the metabolic pathways of starch, cellulose, pectin, and fructan in tuber plants. We have identified hexokinase and glycosyltransferase as the key enzymes involved in the polysaccharide synthesis process. By elucidating the synthesis pathway of polysaccharides in tuber plants and understanding the underlying mechanism of action of key enzymes in the metabolic pathway, we can provide a theoretical framework for enhancing the yield of polysaccharides and other metabolites in plant culture cells. This will ultimately lead to increased production efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengwei Xu
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jiao Hu
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Kunqian Li
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Delin Xu
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Demonstration Center of Basic Medical Experimental Teaching, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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Zhan X, Xiao Y, Jian Q, Dong Y, Ke C, Zhou Z, Liu Y, Tu J. Integrated analysis of metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling reveals the effect of Atractylodes oil on Spleen Yang Deficiency Syndrome in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117205. [PMID: 37741473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Spleen Yang Deficiency Syndrome (SYDS), which is a syndrome commonly treated with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), manifests as overall metabolic dysfunction caused mainly by digestive system disorders. Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. (AL) is a widely used traditional herb with the efficacy of eliminate dampness and strengthen the spleen, Atractylodes oil (AO) is a medicinal component of AL and can be used to treat various gastrointestinal disorders. However, its effects on SYDS and underlying mechanisms have not been clarified to date. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of AO in the improvement of the symptoms of SYDS in rat and the underlying mechanism by integrating transcriptomics, and metabolomics. MATERIALS AND METHODS The SYDS rats induced by reserpine were treated with AO. The protective effect of AO on SYDS rats was evaluated by serum biochemical detection, histopathological analyses. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), colorimetric assay and immunofluorescence (IF) were performed to determine the levels of relevant indicators of mitochondrial function and energy metabolism in the liver. Liver metabolites and transcript levels were assessed by non-targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics to analyze potential molecular mechanisms and targets. The expression of the corresponding proteins was verified using Western blotting. RESULTS AO not only regulated the digestion, absorption function and oxidative stress status of SYDS rats, but also improved mitochondrial function and alleviated energy metabolism disorders in SYDS rats. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses demonstrated that AO regulation is mainly exerted in amino acid metabolism, unsaturated fatty acid metabolism, TCA cycle as well as PPAR and AMPK signaling pathways. In addition, The AMPK signaling pathway was verified and AO promoted AMPK phosphorylation and the expression of SIRT1, PGC-1α, and PPARα in SYDS rats. CONCLUSIONS The therapeutic effect of AO on SYDS is potentially attributable to activation of the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway, which enhances transport and regulation of energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhan
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yangxin Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Qipan Jian
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yan Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Chang Ke
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Zhongshi Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China; Center for Hubei TCM Processing Technology Engineering, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yanju Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China; Center for Hubei TCM Processing Technology Engineering, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| | - Jiyuan Tu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China; Center for Hubei TCM Processing Technology Engineering, Wuhan, 430065, China.
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Dong B, Peng Y, Wang M, Peng C, Li X. The compatibility rationality of Sijunzi decoction based on integrated analysis of tissue distribution and excretion characteristics in spleen deficiency syndrome rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117376. [PMID: 37918551 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE As a classical prescription for treating spleen deficiency syndrome (SDS), Sijunzi decoction (SJZD) is composed of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (RG, Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.), Atractylodes Macrocephalae Rhizoma (AM, Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.), Poria (Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf) and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle (GRP, processed from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat. or Glycyrrhiza glabra L.). The non-polysaccharides (NPSs) are the pharmacodynamic substance basis of SJZD, whose pharmacokinetics in SDS rats were elaborated previously. Further study on their tissue distribution and excretion properties is of significance for understanding the compatibility laws of SJZD. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim was to unravel the tissue distribution and excretion characteristics of NPSs of SJZD in SDS rats, and explore the scientific connotation of SJZD compatibility. MATERIALS AND METHODS A validated ultrafast liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for monitoring the accurate dynamics of sixteen components in the tissues, feces and urine of SDS rats. The four incomplete formulae of SJZD were prepared by randomly deleting one herb to uncover the herb-herb interactions. RESULTS All components of NPSs in SJZD were distributed in the tissues, except for ononin in the heart. Among them, glycyrrhetinic acid and atractylenolide III were more abundant in the liver and lung, respectively, while other components were enriched in the ileum, especially saponins. The evaluation of fecal excretion and urinary excretion revealed the low cumulative excretion of all components. The comparative analysis of incomplete formulae indicated that the tissue distribution and excretion became faster after removing Poria from SJZD, while a lack of RG led to slower tissue distribution. The tissue distribution at most time points was reduced when AM was absent. Further comprehensive visualization implied that SJZD compatibility can improve tissue distribution of the NPSs, especially ginsenosides and atractylenolide, at the specific time periods. CONCLUSION The tissue distribution and excretion characteristics of NPSs of SJZD were elucidated in current research. Meanwhile, this study proposed new insights into the mechanism of SJZD compatibility rationality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangjian Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ying Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Mengyue Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chongsheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Liu Z, Song N, Li M, Wang Z, Cao H, Gao T, Yang X. Based on mRNA Sequencing Techniques to Explore the Molecular Mechanism of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction for Autoimmune Thyroiditis. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:408-419. [PMID: 37070455 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230417120421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Autoimmune diseases (AD) account for a high percentage of the population. One of the most prevalent is autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). However, the therapeutic effects of Buzhong Yiqi (BZYQ) decoction on AIT have not been studied yet. The majority of the present study was conducted on NOD.H-2h4 mice in an attempt to ascertain the therapeutic effects of BZYQ decoction on AIT. METHODS The 0.05% sodium iodide water (NaI)-induced AIT mice model was established. A total of nine NOD.H-2h4 mice were randomly divided into three groups: the normal group provided with regular water, the model group drinking freely 0.05% NaI, and the treatment group treated with BZYQ decoction (9.56 g/kg) after NaI supplementation (NaI + BZYQ). BZYQ decoction was administered orally once daily for eight weeks. The thyroid histopathology test was used to measure the severity of lymphocytic infiltration. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the levels of anti-thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-17. The Illumina HiSeq X sequencing platform was utilized to analyze the thyroid tissue by mRNA expression profiles. Bioinformatics analysis was used to investigate the biological function of the differentially expressed mRNAs. In addition, the expression of Carbonyl Reductase 1 (CBR1), 6-Pyruvoyltetrahydropterin Synthase (PTS), Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class II (H2-EB1), Interleukin 23 Subunit Alpha (IL-23A), Interleukin 6 Receptor (IL-6RA), and Janus Kinase 1 (JAK1) was measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). RESULTS The treatment group exhibited significantly lower rates of thyroiditis and lymphocyte infiltration compared to the model group. Serum levels of TgAb, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 were significantly higher in the model group, but they fell dramatically after BZYQ decoction administration. According to our results, 495 genes showed differential expression in the model group compared to the control group. Six hundred twenty-five genes were significantly deregulated in the treatment group compared to the model group. Bioinformatic analysis showed that most mRNAs were associated with immune-inflammatory responses and were involved in multiple signaling pathways, including folate biosynthesis and the Th17 cell differentiation pathway. CBR1, PTS, H2-EB1, IL- 23A, IL-6RA and JAK1 mRNA participated in folate biosynthesis and the Th17 cell differentiation pathway. The qRT-PCR analysis confirmed that the above mRNAs were regulated in the model group compared to the treatment group Conclusion: The results of this investigation have revealed novel insights into the molecular mechanism of action of BZYQ decoction against AIT. The mechanism may be partially attributed to the regulation of mRNA expression and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110847, China
- Graduate School, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110032, China
| | - Nan Song
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110847, China
- College of Medical Laboratory, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110847, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Cardioencephalopathy with Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110847, China
| | - Mingshan Li
- Department of Urology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 100032, China
| | - Zhimin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110847, China
| | - Huimin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110847, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Cardioencephalopathy with Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110847, China
| | - Tianshu Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110847, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110847, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110034, China
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He Y, Qi A, Gu Y, Zhang C, Wang Y, Yang W, Bi L, Gong Y, Jiao L, Xu L. Clinical Efficacy and Gut Microbiota Regulating-Related Effect of Si-Jun-Zi Decoction in Postoperative Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients: A Prospective Observational Study. Integr Cancer Ther 2024; 23:15347354241237973. [PMID: 38504436 PMCID: PMC10953039 DOI: 10.1177/15347354241237973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients frequently encounter a deteriorated quality of life (QOL), disturbed immune response, and disordered homeostasis. Si-Jun-Zi Decoction (SJZD), a well-known traditional Chinese herbal formula, is frequently employed in clinical application for many years. Exploration is underway to investigate the potential therapeutic effect of SJZD for treating postoperative NSCLC. OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of SJZD on QOLs, hematological parameters, and regulations of gut microbiota in postoperative NSCLC patients. METHODS A prospective observational cohort study was conducted, enrolling 65 postoperative NSCLC patients between May 10, 2020 and March 15, 2021 in Yueyang Hospital, with 33 patients in SJZD group and 32 patients in control (CON) group. The SJZD group comprised of patients who received standard treatments and the SJZD decoction, while the CON group consisted of those only underwent standard treatments. The treatment period was 4 weeks. The primary outcome was QOL. The secondary outcomes involved serum immune cell and inflammation factor levels, safety, and alterations in gut microbiota. RESULTS SJZD group showed significant enhancements in cognitive functioning (P = .048) at week 1 and physical functioning (P = .019) at week 4. Lung cancer-specific symptoms included dyspnea (P = .001), coughing (P = .008), hemoptysis (P = .034), peripheral neuropathy (P = .019), and pain (arm or shoulder, P = .020, other parts, P = .019) eased significantly in the fourth week. Anemia indicators such as red blood cell count (P = .003 at week 1, P = .029 at week 4) and hemoglobin (P = .016 at week 1, P = .048 at week 4) were significantly elevated by SJZD. SJZD upregulated blood cell cluster differentiation (CD)3+ (P = .001 at week 1, P < .001 at week 4), CD3+CD4+ (P = .012 at week 1), CD3+CD8+ (P = .027 at week 1), CD19+ (P = .003 at week 4), increased anti-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-10 (P = .004 at week 1, P = .003 at week 4), and decreased pro-inflammatory IL-8 (P = .004 at week 1, p = .005 at week 4). Analysis of gut microbiota indicated that SJZD had a significant impact on increasing microbial abundance and diversity, enriching probiotic microbes, and regulating microbial biological functions. CONCLUSIONS SJZD appears to be an effective and safe treatment for postoperative NSCLC patients. As a preliminary observational study, this study provides a foundation for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyun He
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ao Qi
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifeng Gu
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Congmeng Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxiao Yang
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Bi
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yabin Gong
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijing Jiao
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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10
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Zeng W, Chen Y, Zhang H, Peng L, Li Y, Liu B, Liang H, Du B, Li P. Probiotic-fermented Qushi decoction alleviates reserpine-induced spleen deficiency syndrome by regulating spleen function and gut microbiota dysbiosis. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:7702-7711. [PMID: 37439120 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spleen deficiency syndrome (SDS) is associated with elevated inflammatory factors and dysregulation of gastrointestinal motility hormones and intestinal microbiota. Qushi decoction (QD), a traditional formula, has not been reported using modern scientific research methods for changes in its probiotic fermented QD (FQD) composition and its potential mechanisms to alleviate SDS. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the splenic protection of FQD in SDS rats by modulating gastrointestinal motility hormones and intestinal microbiota. RESULTS The results showed that FQD increased total polysaccharides, total protein, total flavonoids and the other active ingredients compared to QD, effectively improved splenic inflammation and apoptosis in SDS rats, and modulated gastrointestinal motility hormones to alleviate diarrhea and other symptoms. In addition, the dysregulation of the gut microbiota was reversed by increasing the levels of Bifidobacterium and decreasing the levels of Escherichia-Shigella and Proteobacteria, which may be related to the regulation of bacterial metabolites to alleviate SDS. CONCLUSION These results suggest that FQD is an effective formula for improving SDS. Our findings show that FQD beneficial to the implications for the treatment of SDS. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshen Zeng
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Chen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luwei Peng
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaqi Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Liu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbo Liang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Du
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pan Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Dai J, Wang H, Jiang L, Zhang F, Lin J, Wang L, Yang J, Wang X. Exploring the therapeutic mechanisms of Sijunzi decoction in the treatment of sarcopenia: Key targets and signaling pathways. Biomed Chromatogr 2023; 37:e5722. [PMID: 37609865 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia, an age-associated condition, negatively impacts the quality of life. This study investigates the mechanism of Sijunzi decoction (SJZD), a traditional Chinese formula, against sarcopenia. Active compounds and potential targets of SJZD for sarcopenia were gathered from databases. Hub targets were identified using protein-protein interaction networks, with GO and KEGG analyses suggesting potential pathways. Molecular docking was used to assess compound-target affinity. A lipopolysaccharide-induced sarcopenia rat model was used to verify the targets. Sijunzi decoction contains 92 compounds and 47 targets for sarcopenia. The top 10 hub targets comprise AKT1, ALB, INS, IL6, TNF, TP53, VEGFA, SIRT1, CAT and FOS. GO and KEGG analyses indicate involvement in steroid hormone response, vesicle lumen, receptor agonist activity, and FoxO and HIF-1 signaling pathways. Validation experiments showed that SJZD alleviates sarcopenia by downregulating SIRT1, IL-6, TNF and AKT1. Sijunzi decoction treats sarcopenia by targeting SIRT1, IL-6, TNF and AKT1, potentially involving FoxO and HIF-1 signaling pathways. This highlights SJZD's potential for sarcopenia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Dai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Libin Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fuying Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jin Lin
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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12
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Luo R, Fang C, Chen C, Zhang Y, Yao R, Wang J, Shi H, Feng K, Hu M, Zhong C. Adjuvant therapy with Jianpi Huayu decoction improves overall and recurrence-free survival after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective propensity score-matching study. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1212116. [PMID: 37818186 PMCID: PMC10561391 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1212116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients experience high rates of recurrence following hepatectomy. Many herbal preparations used in traditional Chinese medicine have been shown to improve the postoperative condition of cancer patients. This retrospective study examined the efficacy and safety of Jianpi Huayu decoction (JPHYD) as adjuvant therapy for HCC following hepatectomy. HCC patients received postoperative management according to Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology recommendations, either alone (Control group) or in addition to daily JPHYD (1 week in hospital and 3 months after release). To reduce selection bias, we performed 1:1 propensity score matching between the Control and JPHYD groups. The main endpoint was recurrence-free survival (RFS), and secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and adverse event frequency. A total of 207 patients meeting inclusion criteria were enrolled, 127 in the Control group and 80 in the JPHYD group. Patients were then propensity score-matched, yielding each group of 80. Recurrence-free survival rate was significantly higher in the JPHYD group than in the Control group at 1 year (67.9% vs. 38.1%), 2 years (39.1% vs. 26.2%), and 3 years (31.3% vs. 26.2%) following hepatectomy (HR 0.5666 [95%CI, 0.3655 to 0.8784]; p = 0.0066). Additionally, OS was significantly higher in the JPHYD group than the Control group at 1 year (94.3% vs. 81.9%), 2 years (76.4% vs. 58.8%), and 3 years (66.3% vs. 51.4%) following hepatectomy (HR 0.5199 [95%CI, 0.2849 to 0.9490]; p = 0.027). Adverse events frequencies did not differ between the two groups. In conclusion, JPHYD can safely improve RFS and OS following hepatectomy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Luo
- The First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chongkai Fang
- The First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuyao Chen
- The First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiwei Yao
- The First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinan Wang
- The First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanqian Shi
- The First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kunliang Feng
- Department of Surgery, Baiyun Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingli Hu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, China
| | - Chong Zhong
- The First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Ma P, Peng C, Peng Y, Fan L, Chen X, Li X. A mechanism of Sijunzi decoction on improving intestinal injury with spleen deficiency syndrome and the rationality of its compatibility. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 306:116088. [PMID: 36649851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sijunzi Decoction (SJZD) is a renowned formula for the treatment of spleen deficiency syndrome (SDS) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Its non-polysaccharides (NPS) component, dominated by various compounds of SJZD, has shown the remarkable efficacy in SDS, especially in gastrointestinal injury. However, the principle of compatibility of SJZD and the micro-mechanism of effect on SDS are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To elucidate the scientific implications of SJZD compatibility and its micro-mechanism in the treatment of SDS-induced intestinal injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, the chemical composition of NPS in SJZD and incomplete SJZD (iSJZD, including SJZD-R, SJZD-A, SJZD-P, SJZD-G) were comprehensively analyzed by UPLC-QTOF-MS, and comparing their chemical composition by multivariate statistical analysis to reveal the effect of a single herb on SJZD compatibility. Second, network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to uncover the micro-mechanisms of potential active compounds in SJZD for the treatment of SDS, and develop an active component combination (ACC) by accurate quantification. Subsequently, the action of the potential active compounds and ACC was verified through in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS A total of 112, 77, 93, 87, and 67 compounds were detected in NPS of SJZD, SJZD-R, SJZD-A, SJZD-P, and SJZD-G, respectively. Changes in the chemical components of SJZD_NPS and iSJZD_NPS revealed that RG and RAM, as well as RAM and Poria significantly affected the dissolution of each other's chemical components, and the co-decoction of four herbs promoted the dissolution of the active compounds and inhibited toxic compounds. Furthermore, network pharmacology showed that 274 compounds of 15 categories in SJZD_NPS acted on the 186 key targets to treat SDS by inhibiting inflammation, enhancing immunity, and regulating gastrointestinal function and metabolism. Finally, through in vitro experiments, six compounds among 18 potential compounds were verified to markedly repair intestinal epithelium injury by modulating the FAK/PI3K/Akt or LCK/Ras/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. It is worth mentioning that ACC, composed of 11 compounds accurately quantified, demonstrated significant in vivo treatment effects on intestinal damage with SDS similar to NPS or SJZD. CONCLUSIONS This study elucidates the scientific evidence of the "Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi" and "detoxification and synergistic" in the decocting process of SJZD. An ACC, the active component of SJZD, ameliorate SDS-induced intestinal injury by the FAK/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which provides a strategy for screening alternatives to effective combinations of TCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chongsheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ying Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Li Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaonan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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14
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Ni W, Liu T, Liu Y, Lu L, Zhou B, Dai Y, Zhao H, Xu H, Ji G. Sijunzi decoction granules in the prevention and treatment of recurrence of colorectal adenoma: Study protocol for a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1175811. [PMID: 37089947 PMCID: PMC10113428 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1175811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The recurrence of colorectal adenomas (CRAs) after endoscopy predisposes patients to a risk of colorectal cancer. Guided by the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), patients with colorectal diseases usually manifest with spleen deficiency syndrome (SDS) and are treated with Sijunzi decoction (SJZD). Therefore, this trial aims to explore the efficacy and safety of SJZD in the prevention and treatment of CRAs recurrence.Methods: SJZD on prevention and treatment of CRAs recurrence after resection: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was designed. Patients who undergo polypectomy of CRAs will be recruited and randomized into a SJZD group and a placebo group in a 1:1 ratio. The intervention phase will be 12 months. The follow-up period will last 24 months. The primary outcome is the CRA recurrence rate after intervention. The secondary outcomes include the CRA recurrence rate at the second year post-polypectomy, the pathological type of adenoma and the alterations in SDS scores after intervention.Discussion: Previous clinical practice has observed the sound effect of SJZD in the context of gastrointestinal diseases. A number of experiments have also validated the active components in SJZD. This trial aims to provide tangible evidence for the usage of SJZD, hoping to reduce the recurrence of CRAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Ni
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontier Research Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujing Liu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontier Research Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontier Research Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingduo Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yancheng Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanchen Xu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontier Research Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Hanchen Xu, ; Guang Ji,
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontier Research Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Hanchen Xu, ; Guang Ji,
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15
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Pu Z, Chen X, Dong B, Ma P, Li X. Multiple approaches to characterize and visualize the chemical composition of Sijunzi Decoction comprehensively. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2200737. [PMID: 36807552 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Sijunzi Decoction is composed of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Atractylodes Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Poria, and Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle, and it is a classic formula for treating spleen deficiency syndrome in Chinese medicine. Clarifying the active substances is an effective way to develop Traditional Chinese medicine and innovative medicines. Carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, saponins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and inorganic elements in the decoction were analyzed by multiple approaches. A molecular network was also used for visualizing the ingredients in Sijunzi Decoction, and representative components were also quantified. The detected components accounted for 74.544% of the Sijunzi Decoction freeze-dried powder, including 41.751% crude polysaccharides, 17.826% sugars (degree of polymerization 1-2), 8.181% total saponins, 2.427% insoluble precipitates, 2.154% free amino acids, 1.177% total flavonoids, 0.546% total phenolic acids, and 0.483% inorganic elements. Molecular network and quantitative analysis used to characterize the chemical composition of Sijunzi Decoction. The present study systematically characterized the constituents of Sijunzi Decoction, revealed the composition ratio of each type of constituent, and provided a reference for study on the substance basis of other Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongjin Pu
- Traditional Chinese medicine Genomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Minhang, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiaonan Chen
- Traditional Chinese medicine Genomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Minhang, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Bangjian Dong
- Traditional Chinese medicine Genomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Minhang, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ping Ma
- Traditional Chinese medicine Genomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Minhang, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Traditional Chinese medicine Genomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Minhang, Shanghai, P. R. China
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16
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Liu F, Nong X, Qu W, Li X. Weikangling capsules combined with omeprazole ameliorates ethanol-induced chronic gastritis by regulating gut microbiota and EGF-EGFR-ERK pathway. Life Sci 2023; 315:121368. [PMID: 36623766 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Weikangling capsules (WKLCs) have been widely used in the treatment of chronic gastritis. Whether used alone or combined with omeprazole (OME), it shows a significant effect. However, the mechanisms haven't been established. The study aimed to explore the mechanisms of WKLCs and its combination with OME on chronic gastritis. MAIN METHODS The components of WKLCs and EA (the ethyl acetate extraction extracted from WKLCs) fraction were analyzed. Then chronic gastritis model rats were induced by 56 % ethanol and treated with OME, low dose of WKLCs (WKL), high dose of WKLCs (WKH), WKLCs combined with OME (WO), and EA fraction (EA) to evaluate the mechanisms of WKLCs, drug combination and EA fraction. KEY FINDINGS A total of 22 components of WKLCs were quantified, among them 18 were enriched in EA fraction. WKLCs alleviated the morphology and inflammation of gastric mucosa and downregulated the levels of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) in serum by inhibiting the EGF-EGFR-ERK pathway, regulating gut microbiota composition and SCFAs contents in feces. WKLCs plus OME was better than OME. EA fraction improved digestive function by increasing pepsin activity and decreasing gastrointestinal hormones (GAS and VIP) compared with WKLCs. SIGNIFICANCE This study elucidated that the effect of WKLCs and its combination with OME in the treatment of chronic gastritis was attributed to regulating the composition of the gut microbiota and inhibiting the EGF-EGFR-ERK pathway. The EA fraction is an inseparable effective substance of WKLCs. This study provides scientific evidence for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaojing Nong
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wenhua Qu
- Heilongjiang Sunflower Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Heilongjiang 150070, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
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17
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Dong B, Ma P, Chen X, Peng Y, Peng C, Li X. Drug-polysaccharide/herb interactions and compatibility rationality of Sijunzi decoction based on comprehensive pharmacokinetic screening for multi-components in rats with spleen deficiency syndrome. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 302:115871. [PMID: 36309112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sijunzi decoction (SJZD) is composed of four herbs, namely Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (RG, Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.), Atractylodes Macrocephalae Rhizoma (AM, Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.), Poria (Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf), and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle (GRP, derived from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., Glycyrrhiza inflata Bat. or Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) based on the compatibility theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which is a classical formula for the treatment of spleen deficiency syndrome (SDS) in TCM. The polysaccharides and non-polysaccharides (NPSs) composition represented by flavonoids, saponins and terpenoids are the important pharmacodynamic material basis of SJZD. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of SJZD in normal rats and SDS rats, and explore the potential interactions between NPSs and polysaccharides in SJZD, as well as the compatibility rationality of SJZD. MATERIALS AND METHODS SDS model was established by oral administration of Radix Rhei (Rheum officinale Baill.) extract, loaded swimming, and intermittent fasting. A rapid, sensitive and reliable ultrafast liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous analysis of fifteen representative compounds in rat plasma to investigate the differences in pharmacokinetics between normal and SDS rats. The SJZD-NPS samples were prepared by removing the polysaccharides of SJZD to explore the interactions between NPSs and polysaccharides of SJZD. According to the compatibility theory of TCM, four incomplete formulae of SJZD were obtained by randomly removing an herb (also called 'que fang' in TCM), and their pharmacokinetic differences were compared to elucidate the rationality of SJZD compatibility with oral administration to SDS rats. RESULTS The established UFLC-MS/MS method showed perfect performance in simultaneously analyzing fifteen compounds of SJZD in rat plasma. Compared with normal rats, the absorption efficiency of NPSs in SDS rats was lower, accompanied by the prolonged residence time (Cmax and AUC0-t reduced, while MRT0-t increased). Polysaccharides have the potential to enhance intestinal metabolism of glycosides among these components, thereby contributing to the circulating distribution of corresponding metabolites (e.g. aglycones). Furthermore, the compatibility of the four herbs in SJZD could alter their pharmacokinetic characteristics, and potentially improve the absorption of the effective components of RG and AM, which is in accordance with the principle that "monarch" and "minister" herbs play a major role in TCM. In detail, the improved absorption of ginsenosides was mainly regulated by GRP (the "guide" herb in SJZD), together with the effects of AM ("minister" herb) and Poria ("adjuvant" herb) on the pharmacokinetics of components in GRP, implying that herb-herb interactions existed in SJZD and demonstrated the compatibility rationality of SJZD potentially. CONCLUSION This study laid a solid foundation for revealing the pharmacodynamic material basis and subsequent action mechanism of SJZD, as well as provided new insights into the compatibility of SJZD. The comprehensive pharmacokinetic approach adopted in the current research also provides a valuable strategy for TCM formulae research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangjian Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ping Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaonan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ying Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chongsheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Lei C, Chen J, Huang Z, Men Y, Qian Y, Yu M, Xu X, Li L, Zhao X, Jiang Y, Liu Y. Ginsenoside Rg1 can reverse fatigue behavior in CFS rats by regulating EGFR and affecting Taurine and Mannose 6-phosphate metabolism. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1163638. [PMID: 37101547 PMCID: PMC10123289 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1163638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is characterized by significant and persistent fatigue. Ginseng is a traditional anti-fatigue Chinese medicine with a long history in Asia, as demonstrated by clinical and experimental studies. Ginsenoside Rg1 is mainly derived from ginseng, and its anti-fatigue metabolic mechanism has not been thoroughly explored. Methods: We performed non-targeted metabolomics of rat serum using LC-MS and multivariate data analysis to identify potential biomarkers and metabolic pathways. In addition, we implemented network pharmacological analysis to reveal the potential target of ginsenoside Rg1 in CFS rats. The expression levels of target proteins were measured by PCR and Western blotting. Results: Metabolomics analysis confirmed metabolic disorders in the serum of CFS rats. Ginsenoside Rg1 can regulate metabolic pathways to reverse metabolic biases in CFS rats. We found a total of 34 biomarkers, including key markers Taurine and Mannose 6-phosphate. AKT1, VEGFA and EGFR were identified as anti-fatigue targets of ginsenoside Rg1 using network pharmacological analysis. Finally, biological analysis showed that ginsenoside Rg1 was able to down-regulate the expression of EGFR. Conclusion: Our results suggest ginsenoside Rg1 has an anti-fatigue effect, impacting the metabolism of Taurine and Mannose 6-phosphate through EGFR regulation. This demonstrates ginsenoside Rg1 is a promising alternative treatment for patients presenting with chronic fatigue syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofang Lei
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxu Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yinian Men
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Qian
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mingzhi Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Youming Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yueyun Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yueyun Liu,
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19
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Gao L, Xia X, Shuai Y, Zhang H, Jin W, Zhang X, Zhang Y. Gut microbiota, a hidden protagonist of traditional Chinese medicine for acute ischemic stroke. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1164150. [PMID: 37124192 PMCID: PMC10133705 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1164150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is one of the leading diseases causing death and disability worldwide, and treatment options remain very limited. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been used for thousands of years to treat ischemic stroke and has been proven to have significant efficacy, but its mechanism of action is still unclear. As research related to the brain-gut-microbe axis progresses, there is increasing evidence that the gut microbiota plays an important role during AIS. The interaction between TCM and the gut microbiota has been suggested as a possible key link to the therapeutic effects of TCM. We have compiled and reviewed recent studies on the relationship between AIS, TCM, and gut microbiota, with the expectation of providing more ideas to elucidate the mechanism of action of TCM in the treatment of AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Gao
- Emergency Department, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiuwen Xia
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yinqi Shuai
- Emergency Department, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Emergency Department, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Emergency Department, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- Emergency Department, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Zhang, ; Xiaoyun Zhang,
| | - Yi Zhang
- Geriatric Department, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Zhang, ; Xiaoyun Zhang,
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20
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Polysaccharides from Pseudostellaria heterophylla modulate gut microbiota and alleviate syndrome of spleen deficiency in rats. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20217. [PMID: 36418343 PMCID: PMC9684442 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24329-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudostellaria heterophylla, also called Tai-zi-shen (TZS) in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), is always used clinically to treat spleen deficiency symptoms. Polysaccharides in TZS have various pharmacological activities, including anti-diabetic, immune regulation, and myocardial protection. However, the relationship between the spleen-invigorating effects of TZS or its polysaccharides and intestinal flora are not clear. This study investigated the effects of TZS decoction (PHD) and polysaccharide (PHP) on immune function and intestinal flora in a rat model of spleen deficiency syndrome (SDS) induced by a decoction of raw rhubarb (RRD). PHD and PHP increased immune organ index, alleviated inflammatory cell filtration, and reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in rats with spleen deficiency syndrome. In addition, the production of butyric acid was promoted in PHD and PHP groups. Moreover, 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that PHD and PHP reduced the relative abundance of Firmicutes while increasing the one of Bacteroidetes; significantly increased the abundance of Lactobacillus and decreased the abundance of Rombutsia; and PHP significantly increased the abundance of Alloprevotella. And there was a significant positive correlation between the alleviation of SDS and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria. These findings suggested PHD and PHP, especially PHP, has a potential to relieve spleen deficiency by reducing intestinal inflammation, modulating structure and composition of gut microbiota, and promoting the production of butyric acid.
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21
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Unraveling the mystery of efficacy in Chinese medicine formula: New approaches and technologies for research on pharmacodynamic substances. ARAB J CHEM 2022; 15:104302. [PMID: 36189434 PMCID: PMC9514000 DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is the key to unlock treasures of Chinese civilization. TCM and its compound play a beneficial role in medical activities to cure diseases, especially in major public health events such as novel coronavirus epidemics across the globe. The chemical composition in Chinese medicine formula is complex and diverse, but their effective substances resemble "mystery boxes". Revealing their active ingredients and their mechanisms of action has become focal point and difficulty of research for herbalists. Although the existing research methods are numerous and constantly updated iteratively, there is remain a lack of prospective reviews. Hence, this paper provides a comprehensive account of existing new approaches and technologies based on previous studies with an in vitro to in vivo perspective. In addition, the bottlenecks of studies on Chinese medicine formula effective substances are also revealed. Especially, we look ahead to new perspectives, technologies and applications for its future development. This work reviews based on new perspectives to open horizons for the future research. Consequently, herbal compounding pharmaceutical substances study should carry on the essence of TCM while pursuing innovations in the field.
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Key Words
- 2D, Two Dimensional
- 3D, Three Dimensional
- ADME, Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion
- AFA DESI-MSI, Air flow-assisted desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging
- AI, Artificial Intelligence
- Active ingredient
- CDE, Center for Drug Evaluation
- COX-2, Cyclooxygenase 2
- Chemical components
- Chinese medicine formula
- Compound
- Disease Targets
- GC-MS, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
- HPLC, High Performance Liquid Chromatography
- HR-MS, High Resolution Mass Spectrometry
- HTS, High Throughput Screening
- HUA, hyperuricemia
- ICPMS, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
- MALDI MS, Matrix for surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry
- MD, Microdialysis
- MI, Molecular imprinting
- MSI, Mass spectrometry imaging
- Mass Spectrometry
- NL/PR, Neutral loss/precursor ion
- NMPA, National Medical Products Administration
- OPLS-DA, Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis
- PD, Pharmacodynamic
- PK, Pharmacokinetic
- Q-TOF/MS, Quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry
- QSAR, Quantitative structure-activity relationship
- QqQ-MS, Triple quadruple mass spectrometry
- R-strategy, Reduce strategy
- TCM, Traditional Chinese medicine
- UF, Affinity ultrafiltration
- UPLC, Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography
- XO, Xanthine oxidase
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22
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Tan S, Li Q, Guo L, Wang Y, Zhong W. Investigation of foaming behavior in herbal extracts via the characterization of solution environment for reverse osmosis concentration. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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23
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Ren H, Gao S, Wang S, Wang J, Cheng Y, Wang Y, Wang Y. Effects of Dangshen Yuanzhi Powder on learning ability and gut microflora in rats with memory disorder. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 296:115410. [PMID: 35640741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Yuanzhi Powder is a commonly used traditional Chinese medical formulae for its potency in enhancing memory and learning. In clinical practice, Yuanzhi Powder is a classic formula in TCM to treat amnesia of the type "deficiency of Qi, turbid phlegm harasses the head and eyes, and stagnation of phlegm converting into the fire". Our previous study showed that Yuanzhi Power, used together with Codonopsis Radix (Dangshen Yuanzhi Power, DYP), could improve learning and memory ability in animals with memory disorder (MD) and its efficacy is superior or equivalent to that of the Yuanzhi Power. AIM OF STUDY This study aimed to explore the regulatory mechanism of DYP through the "bacteria-gut-brain axis". MATERIALS AND METHODS The SD rats were divided randomly into control, model, positive, DYP-L, and DYP-H groups. Except for the control group, the rats were intraperitoneally injected with D-Gal (400 mg/kg) and gavaged with aluminum chloride (200 mg/kg) every day for 50 days. The rats in the DYP group were gavaged with DYP (6.67 and 13.34 g/kg, respectively) from the 15th day, once a day. The rats in the positive group were similarly administrated with piracetam (0.5 g/kg). The rats' bodyweight was recorded from the 16th day. The learning and memory ability of animals was tested by Morris water maze. The levels of MCP-1, NF-L, NSE, and TNF-α in serum were determined by Elisa kit, while the histopathology of duodenum and colon tissues was examined by H & E staining. The diversity of intestinal flora was sequenced and analyzed. In order to reveal the role of intestinal flora in DYP treatment of MD, the intestinal flora composition and the correlation analysis of intestinal flora and the above biochemical indexes were investigated. The intestinal flora function and biological metabolic pathways were predicted and analyzed by the KEGG database. RESULTS The MD animals' learning and spatial memory ability decreased significantly, compared with the normal group, accompanied by weight increase and intestinal flora disorder. DYP can improve the learning and memory ability of MD animals, and its efficacy may exert through the following ways: (i) callback the abnormal biochemical indexes of MCP-1, NF-L, NSE, and TNF-α; (ii) decreasing the relative ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and repairing the pathology of MD animal intestinal mucosa; and (iii) the regulation of DYP on biochemical blood indexes of MD animals was significantly correlated with the regulation of intestinal flora; (iv) DYP rats showed a strong correlation between cognitive ability improvement and bodyweight loss; (v) besides, DYP could also regulate the metabolic pathways of carbohydrate, amino acid, nucleotide, and energy by affecting related biological functions. CONCLUSIONS The results supported that DYP can improve MD animals' learning and memory ability by restoring the intestinal flora disorder and callback the abnormal biochemical indexes in serum, closely related to the "bacteria-gut-brain axis".
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqin Ren
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Shouqin Gao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Shihui Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Jiamin Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Yangang Cheng
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Yingli Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 121 Daxue Road, Yuci District, Jinzhong, 030619, China.
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24
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Yang S, Hao S, Wang Q, Lou Y, Jia L, Chen D. The interactions between traditional Chinese medicine and gut microbiota: Global research status and trends. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1005730. [PMID: 36171760 PMCID: PMC9510645 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1005730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a crosstalk between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and gut microbiota (GM), many articles have studied and discussed the relationship between the two. The purpose of this study is to use bibliometric analysis to explore the research status and development trends of the TCM/GM research, identify and analyze the highly cited papers relating to the TCM/GM. Methods A literature search regarding TCM/GM publications from 2004 to 2021 was undertaken on August 13, 2022. The main information (full record and cited references) of publications was extracted from the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) of Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). The Bibliometrix of R package, CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used for bibliometric analysis. Results A total of 830 papers were included. The publication years of papers were from 2004 to 2021. The number of papers had increased rapidly since 2018. China had the most publications and made most contributions to this field. Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine were in the leading productive position in TCM/GM research, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences had the highest total citations (TC). Duan Jin-ao from Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine had the largest number of publications, and Tong Xiao-lin from China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences had the most TC. The Journal of Ethnopharmacology had the most published papers and the most TC. The main themes in TCM/GM included the role of GM in TCM treatment of glucolipid metabolism diseases and lower gastrointestinal diseases; the mechanism of interactions between GM and TCM to treat diseases; the links between TCM/GM and metabolism; and the relationship between GM and oral bioavailability of TCM. Conclusion This study gained insight into the research status, hotspots and trends of global TCM/GM research, identified the most cited articles in TCM/GM and analyzed their characteristics, which may inform clinical researchers and practitioners’ future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yang
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shaodong Hao
- Sixth Clinical School of Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanni Lou
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liqun Jia
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Liqun Jia, ; Dongmei Chen,
| | - Dongmei Chen
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Liqun Jia, ; Dongmei Chen,
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25
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Liu H, Wang SY, Zhu JH, Xu JD, Zhou SS, Kong M, Mao Q, Li SL, Zhu H. Effects of sulfur-fumigated ginseng on the global quality of Si-Jun-Zi decoction, a traditional ginseng-containing multi-herb prescription, evaluated by metabolomics and glycomics strategies. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 219:114927. [PMID: 35816772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Si-Jun-Zi decoction (SJZD) with ginseng as the principal medicinal herb is a traditional Chinese Medicine multi-herb prescription that commonly employed to treat colorectal cancer etc. Previous studies showed that nearly half of the commercial ginseng was sulfur-fumigated, one of the postharvest processing methods that commonly causes sulfur-dioxide (SO2) residue and chemical composition transformation in medical herbs. In this study, the effect of sulfur-fumigated ginseng on global quality of SJZD was evaluated by UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS based metabolomics and multiple chromatographic techniques based glycomics strategies. For non-saccharides components, sulfur-fumigated ginseng led to the emergence of sulfur-containing derivatives and alteration of saponins and flavonoids in SJZD. For saccharide components, sulfur-fumigated ginseng decreased the total contents and molecular weights of polysaccharides, changed the monosaccharide composition of polysaccharides, and increased the contents of oligosaccharides and free monosaccharides of SJZD. The alterations of SJZD were aggravated with the sulfur-fumigated content of ginseng. Those phenomena might be attributed to 1) sulfur-fumigation caused the generation of sulfur-containing derivatives in ginseng, which further transferred to SJZD, and 2) sulfur-fumigation caused the residue of SO2 in ginseng, which reduced the pH value and further changed the dissolution of saponins and flavonoids and accelerated the degradation of the polysaccharides to oligosaccharides and/or monosaccharides in SJZD. Furthermore, although storage reduced the SO2 residue in sulfur-fumigated ginseng, it couldn't recover the alterations of chemical profiles in SJZD. In conclusion, sulfur-fumigated ginseng altered the global quality of SJZD, which promoted that extra attention must be paid during the application of herbal formulas that containing sulfur-fumigated herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Si-Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Jin-Hao Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Jin-Di Xu
- Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhou
- Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Ming Kong
- Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Qian Mao
- Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Song-Lin Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China.
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China.
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