1
|
Baenas I, Miranda-Olivos R, Solé-Morata N, Jiménez-Murcia S, Fernández-Aranda F. Neuroendocrinological factors in binge eating disorder: A narrative review. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 150:106030. [PMID: 36709632 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Neuroendocrine mechanisms play a key role in the regulation of eating behavior. In individuals with binge eating disorder (BED), alterations in these mechanisms signaling hunger and satiety have been observed. It has been investigated that these alterations may underlie the development and maintenance of compulsive overeating in BED. The present narrative review examined the current literature related to the neurobiological processes involved in feeding dysregulation in BED with the aim of updating the most relevant aspects with special attention to neuroendocrine signaling. Studies have shown both central and peripheral endocrine dysfunctions in hormones participating in homeostatic and hedonic pathways in BED. Most studies have been especially focused on orexigenic signals, pointing out the existence of a hyperactivated mechanism promoting hunger. Fewer studies have explored anorexigenic pathways, but the findings so far seem to suggest an abnormal satiety threshold. Despite this, to date, it is unable to identify whether these alterations are typical of the BED pathophysiology or are related to an obesogenic pattern due to most studies included patients with BED and obesity. The identification of endophenotypes in BED may provide a new approach to aberrant eating behavior, favoring the implementation of biological therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Baenas
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain; Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Romina Miranda-Olivos
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain; Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Neus Solé-Morata
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain; Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain; Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Truong K, Park S, Tsiros MD, Milne N. Physiotherapy and related management for childhood obesity: A systematic scoping review. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252572. [PMID: 34125850 PMCID: PMC8202913 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite targeted efforts globally to address childhood overweight/obesity, it remains poorly understood and challenging to manage. Physiotherapists have the potential to manage children with obesity as they are experts in movement and physical activity. However, their role remains unclear due to a lack of physiotherapy-specific guidelines. This scoping review aims to explore existing literature, critically appraising and synthesising findings to guide physiotherapists in the evidence-based management of childhood overweight/obesity. METHOD A scoping review was conducted, including literature up to May 2020. A review protocol exists on Open Science Framework at https://osf.io/fap8g/. Four databases were accessed including PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Medline via OVID, with grey literature searched through google via "file:pdf". A descriptive synthesis was undertaken to explore the impact of existing interventions and their efficacy. RESULTS From the initial capture of 1871 articles, 263 intervention-based articles were included. Interventions included qualitative focused physical activity, quantitative focused physical activity and multicomponent interventions. Various outcome measures were utilised including health-, performance- and behaviour-related outcomes. The general trend for physiotherapy involvement with children who are obese appears to favour: 1) multicomponent interventions, implementing more than one component with environmental modification and parental involvement and 2) quantitative physical activity interventions, focusing on the quantity of bodily movement. These approaches most consistently demonstrated desirable changes across behavioural and health-related outcome measures for multicomponent and quantitative physical activity interventions respectively. CONCLUSION When managing children with obesity, physiotherapists should consider multicomponent approaches and increasing the quantity of physical activity, given consistent improvements in various obesity-related outcomes. Such approaches are well suited to the scope of physiotherapists and their expertise in physical activity prescription for the management of childhood obesity. Future research should examine the effect of motor skill interventions and consider the role of environmental modification/parental involvement as factors contributing to intervention success.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim Truong
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sandra Park
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Margarita D. Tsiros
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nikki Milne
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Munhoz da Silveira Campos R, Moreira CE, Leão da Silva P, Landi Masquio DC, Campos Corgosinho F, Pelissari Kravchychyn AC, de Castro Ferreira Vicente SE, Tock L, Tufik S, de Mello MT, Dâmaso AR. The effect of aerobic plus resistance training associated with a long-term interdisciplinary weight loss program on visceral fat and isokinetic parameters in adolescents with obesity. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2019; 60:855-863. [PMID: 31640311 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.19.09857-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity can lead to a number of alterations in biomechanical structures. We aimed to assess the effect of aerobic plus resistance training associated with an interdisciplinary approach on visceral fat and isokinetic parameters in a long-term weight loss therapy program. METHODS Forty-four postpubertal obese adolescents were involved in the 1-year interdisciplinary weight loss therapy program (clinical, nutritional, psychological and physical training). Body composition, and visceral and subcutaneous fat were measured by DXA absorptiometry and ultrasonography, respectively. Peak torque was analyzed using an isokinetic dynamometer. Statistical analysis was performed using t-tests to assess the effect of the intervention. RESULTS There was a significant reduction in body fat with an inverse increase in lean mass. Positive correlations were observed between peak torque and lean body mass and negative correlations with visceral fat, gynoid fat mass, arm fat mass and subcutaneous fat. CONCLUSIONS An interdisciplinary weight loss program can reduce body fat and increase peak torque and improve muscle strength. The results reinforce the importance of this kind of approach to treat obesity and improve the quality of life in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Munhoz da Silveira Campos
- Department of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus Baixada Santista, Santos, Brazil - .,Post Graduate Program of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus Baixada Santista, Santos, Brazil -
| | - Carlos E Moreira
- Post Graduate Program of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lian Tock
- Obesity Study Group, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco T de Mello
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana R Dâmaso
- Post Graduate Program of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Awofala AA, Ogundele OE, Adekoya KO, Osundina SA. Adiponectin and human eating behaviour: a Mendelian randomization study. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-019-0022-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Adiponectin plays key roles in regulating appetite and food intake. Altered circulating adiponectin levels have been observed in human eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa or binge eating. In addition, an association between circulating adiponectin levels and human eating behaviour (EB) has been reported. Interestingly, a disturbance in eating behaviour is the defining characteristic of human eating disorders. However, it is unknown whether adiponectin is causally implicated in human EB. We therefore aimed to investigate the causal effect of adiponectin on EB.
Results
Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis estimated the influence of blood adiponectin on EB by combining data on the association of adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) variants with adiponectin levels and with three EB factors involving disinhibition, restraint and hunger. Using inverse-variance weighted (IVW) regression method and other complementary MR techniques (weighted median regression, MR Egger and weighted modal regression), the MR analysis revealed a broadly consistent evidence that higher blood adiponectin concentration was significantly associated with increased EB factor disinhibition (beta coefficient for IVW regression [βIVW], 3.05; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10, 5.00) but non-significantly associated with increased EB factor restraint (βIVW, 0.17; 95% CI − 1.85, 2.18), and increased EB factor hunger (βIVW, 1.63; 95% CI − 0.75, 4.01).
Conclusions
Overall, our findings indicate a causal role of adiponectin levels in eating disinhibition but not in eating restraint and hunger.
Collapse
|
5
|
Jebeile H, Gow ML, Baur LA, Garnett SP, Paxton SJ, Lister NB. Treatment of obesity, with a dietary component, and eating disorder risk in children and adolescents: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2019; 20:1287-1298. [PMID: 31131531 PMCID: PMC6851692 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review aimed to investigate the impact of obesity treatment, with a dietary component, on eating disorder (ED) prevalence, ED risk, and related symptoms in children and adolescents with overweight or obesity. Four databases were searched to identify pediatric obesity treatment interventions, with a dietary component, and validated pre-post intervention assessment of related outcomes. Of 3078 articles screened, 36 met inclusion criteria, with a combined sample of 2589 participants aged 7.8 to 16.9 years. Intervention duration ranged from 1 week to 13 months, with follow-up of 6 months to 6 years from baseline. Prevalence of ED was reported in five studies and was reduced post-intervention. Meta-analyses showed a reduction in bulimic symptoms (eight studies, standardized mean difference [SE], -0.326 [0.09], P < 0.001), emotional eating (six studies, -0.149 [0.06], P = 0.008), binge eating (three studies, -0.588 [0.10], P < 0.001), and drive for thinness (three studies, -0.167 [0.06], P = 0.005) post-intervention. At follow-up, a reduction in ED risk (six studies, -0.313 [0.13], P = 0.012), emotional eating (five studies, -0.259 [0.05], P < 0.001), eating concern (three studies, -0.501 [0.06], P < 0.001), and drive for thinness (two studies, -0.375 [0.07], P < 0.001) was found. Structured and professionally run obesity treatment was associated with reduced ED prevalence, ED risk, and symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Jebeile
- The University of Sydney, Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical SchoolWestmeadAustralia
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes and Weight Management ServicesThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadWestmeadAustralia
| | - Megan L. Gow
- The University of Sydney, Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical SchoolWestmeadAustralia
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes and Weight Management ServicesThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadWestmeadAustralia
| | - Louise A. Baur
- The University of Sydney, Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical SchoolWestmeadAustralia
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes and Weight Management ServicesThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadWestmeadAustralia
| | - Sarah P. Garnett
- The University of Sydney, Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical SchoolWestmeadAustralia
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes and Weight Management ServicesThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadWestmeadAustralia
| | - Susan J. Paxton
- School of Psychology and Public HealthLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneAustralia
| | - Natalie B. Lister
- The University of Sydney, Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical SchoolWestmeadAustralia
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes and Weight Management ServicesThe Children's Hospital at WestmeadWestmeadAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jung HC, Jeon S, Lee NH, Kim K, Kang M, Lee S. Effects of exercise intervention on visceral fat in obese children and adolescents. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2018; 59:1045-1057. [PMID: 30035473 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.18.08935-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This meta-analysis study was aimed to assess the effects of exercise intervention on visceral fat in obese children and adolescents. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Electronic database searches were performed in Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, Healthsource, MEDLINE, and SportDiscus, and from the earliest record to November 2017. Keywords included "exercise or training," "visceral fat," and "child or adolescent or youth." The inclusion criteria for eligible studies were as follows: 1) subjects were obese at baseline; 2) aged 6-19 years; 3) visceral fat was reported at baseline and after an intervention; and 4) studies were published in peer-reviewed journals written in English. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS A total of 207 studies were observed at the initial search and 73 effect sizes (ESs) were derived from the 34 selected studies. The overall exercise intervention effect was large (Cohen's d [ES]=-1.003, 95% CI=-1.114, -0.892). Moderator analyses results showed that gender (Qb=8.23, df=2, P=0.016), exercise type (Qb=10.68, df=2, P=0.005), and intervention length (Qb=24.71, df=2, P<0.001) influenced the overall ES. CONCLUSIONS The group of both boys and girls (ES=-0.95) who participated combined exercise program (Aerobic + Resistance training; ES=-1.17) for 12 months (ES=-1.24) appeared to be the most effective exercise strategy for reducing visceral fat in obese youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun C Jung
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Soeun Jeon
- Department of Counseling, Health, and Kinesiology, College of Education and Human Development, Texas A&M University-San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Nan H Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kyungun Kim
- Department of Nutrition and Kinesiology, College of Health, Science & Technology, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO, USA
| | - Minsoo Kang
- Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA
| | - Sukho Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA -
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Objective To evaluate some risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in feeding and eating disorders, the degree of lipid abnormalities was investigated in a large Japanese cohort of different groups of feeding and eating disorders, according to the Japan Atherosclerosis Society Guidelines for the Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases 2012 (JAS Guidelines 2012). Methods Participants in the current study included 732 women divided into four groups of feeding and eating disorders: anorexia nervosa, restricting type (AN-R); anorexia nervosa, binge-eating/purging type; bulimia nervosa (BN); and binge-eating disorder (BED). We measured the serum levels of total cholesterol, high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglyceride in these participants. Low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol levels were also calculated. Results The concentrations of LDL cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol were widely distributed in all groups. When the LDL cholesterol risk was defined as ≥120 mg/dL and the non-HDL cholesterol risk as ≥150 mg/dL, according to the JAS Guidelines 2012, the proportion of LDL cholesterol risk ranged from 29.6% (BN) to 38.6% (AN-R), and the proportion of non-HDL cholesterol risk ranged from 17.8% (BN) to 30.1% (BED). Conclusion The present findings suggest the existence of LDL cholesterol risk and non-HDL cholesterol risk in all groups of eating disorders. Given the chronicity of this condition, the development of elevated concentrations of LDL cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol at an early age may increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
|
8
|
Rohde K, Keller M, Horstmann A, Liu X, Eichelmann F, Stumvoll M, Villringer A, Kovacs P, Tönjes A, Böttcher Y. Role of genetic variants in ADIPOQ in human eating behavior. GENES AND NUTRITION 2014; 10:449. [PMID: 25542302 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-014-0449-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The beneficial effects of adiponectin and its negative correlation with BMI are well described. Adiponectin serum levels are altered in eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa or binge eating. Here, we tested the hypothesis that (1) adiponectin serum levels correlate with human eating behavior factors and (2) that genetic variants of the ADIPOQ locus influence both serum levels and eating behavior. We analyzed 11 SNPs within ADIPOQ and in the 5' UTR and measured serum adiponectin levels in 1,036 individuals from the German Sorbs population. The German version of the three-factor eating questionnaire (FEV) was completed by 548 Sorbs. For replication purposes, we included an independent replication cohort from Germany (N = 350). In the Sorbs, we observed positive correlations of restraint with adiponectin serum levels (P = 0.001; r = 0.148) which, however, did not withstand adjustment for covariates (P = 0.083; r = 0.077). In addition, four SNPs were nominally associated with serum adiponectin levels (all P < 0.05). Of these, two variants (rs3774261; rs1501229, all P < 0.05) were also related to disinhibition. Furthermore, three variants were exclusively associated with hunger (rs2036373, P = 0.049) and disinhibition (rs822396; rs864265, all P < 0.05). However, none of these associations withstood Bonferroni corrections for multiple testing (all P > 9.3 × 10(-4)). In our replication cohort, we observed similar effect directions at rs1501229 for disinhibition and hunger. A meta-analysis resulted in nominal statistical significance P = 0.036 (Z score 2.086) and P = 0.017 (Z score 2.366), respectively. Given the observed relationship of the SNPs with adiponectin levels and eating behavior, our data support a potential role of adiponectin in human eating behavior. Whether the relationship with eating behavior is mediated by the effects of circulating adiponectin warrants further investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Rohde
- IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 21, 04103, Leipzig, Germany,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Parasympathetic cardiac activity is associated with cardiorespiratory fitness in overweight and obese adolescents. Pediatr Cardiol 2014; 35:684-90. [PMID: 24272169 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-013-0838-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between cardiac parasympathetic activity and cardiorespiratory fitness, insulin, and hemodynamic profile in overweight and obese adolescent girls and boys (aged 12-16 years). Data were taken from the Multidisciplinary Obesity Treatment Program. Only post-intervention measurements are presented herein. Body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, blood pressure, and metabolic profile (insulin and glucose profile) of adolescents were assessed. Cardiac parasympathetic activity was determined by resting heart rate variability, which was analyzed using a heart rate monitor. Greater parasympathetic cardiac activity was associated with higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness in both girls and boys (0.375 ≤ r ≤ 0.900), while the sympathetic-vagal balance was negatively related to maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) in girls (r = 0.478). An association between lower parasympathetic activity and insulin resistance was noted in girls (mean of R-R intervals [RRmean] and homeostasis model assessment insulin-resistance index [HOMA-IR]: r = -0.678), while greater systolic blood pressure (SBP) and lower parasympathetic activity were associated in both sexes (RRmean and SBP: r = -0.526; high frequency [HF (nu)] and SBP: r = -0.754). In conclusion, autonomic nervous system activity was associated with cardiorespiratory fitness, insulin resistance, and SBP in overweight and obese adolescents. The identification of these potential relationships assists with the establishment of future long-term exercise interventions that evaluate the improvements in parasympathetic nervous system activity, in addition to metabolic profile and cardiorespiratory fitness in overweight and obese adolescents.
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
PURPOSE To elucidate the possible role of adiponectin, an adipokine secreted by white adipose tissue that plays an important role in the neuromodulation of food intake, in the pathogenesis of eating disorders. METHODS A comprehensive review of the available literature via MedLine is done using the term "adiponectin" in association with one of the following terms: "anorexia nervosa", "bulimia nervosa", "binge eating disorder" or "eating disorders". RESULTS The majority of studies evaluating serum adiponectin levels in patients with eating disorders show that serum adiponectin levels are increased in patients with anorexia nervosa. After refeeding, adiponectin levels tend to rejoin the levels of healthy individuals. Data concerning serum adiponectin levels in patients with bulimia nervosa show that these levels can be equal, higher or lower than those found in healthy controls and lower than those found in anorexia nervosa patients. Binge eating disorder is accompanied with lower serum adiponectin levels than normal. Adiponectin receptor type 1 seems to be more related to the central pathological effect of adiponectin on eating behavior. CONCLUSION The potential role that plays adiponectin in the pathogenesis of eating disorders needs to be elucidated by further studies.
Collapse
|
11
|
Bianchini JAA, da Silva DF, Nardo CCS, Carolino IDR, Hernandes F, Nardo N. Multidisciplinary therapy reduces risk factors for metabolic syndrome in obese adolescents. Eur J Pediatr 2013; 172:215-21. [PMID: 23097084 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-012-1865-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to assess the effects of a 16-week multidisciplinary program of obesity treatment on the control of metabolic syndrome (MS) and dyslipidemia in obese adolescents. Eighty-six adolescents aged 10-18 years were allocated in either the intervention group (IG; n = 44) or control group (CG; n = 42). IG was submitted to a multidisciplinary intervention based on cognitive behavioral therapy that aimed to modify eating habits and exercise behavior. We analyzed, before and after the intervention period, anthropometric parameters, body composition, bone mineral density, cardiorespiratory fitness, blood pressure, glucose, insulin, and lipid profile of the subjects. MS was classified according to International Diabetes Federation (2007) and the presence of dyslipidemia according to Back et al. (Arq Bras Cardiol 85:4-36, 2005). In the beginning of the intervention, the median number (range) of risk factors for MS present was 2.0 (0.0-5.0) in the IG and 2.0 (0.0-4.0) in the CG. After the intervention, this parameter reduced significantly in the IG (1.0 (0.0-5.0); p = 0.004) while no change was observed in the CG (2.0 (0.0-4.0); p = 0.349). In addition, we observed improvements in body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, maximal oxygen uptake, absolute and relative body fat, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and total cholesterol in the IG which was not identified in the CG. Conclusio n: We suggest that a 16-week multidisciplinary intervention based on cognitive behavioral therapy was adequate to reduce risk factors for MS in obese adolescents.
Collapse
|
12
|
Dâmaso AR, de Piano A, Campos RMDS, Corgosinho FC, Siegfried W, Caranti DA, Masquio DCL, Carnier J, Sanches PDL, Leão da Silva P, Nascimento CMO, Oyama LM, Dantas ADA, de Mello MT, Tufik S, Tock L. Multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of obese adolescents: effects on cardiovascular risk factors, inflammatory profile, and neuroendocrine regulation of energy balance. Int J Endocrinol 2013; 2013:541032. [PMID: 24285955 PMCID: PMC3826292 DOI: 10.1155/2013/541032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevention of obesity and health concerns related to body fat is a major challenge worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of a medically supervised, multidisciplinary approach, on reduction in the prevalence of obesity related comorbidities, inflammatory profile, and neuroendocrine regulation of energy balance in a sample of obese adolescents. A total of 97 postpuberty obese adolescents were enrolled in this study. Body composition, neuropeptides, and adipokines were analysed. The metabolic syndrome was defined by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). The abdominal ultrasonography was performed to measure visceral, subcutaneous fat and hepatic steatosis. All measures were performed at baseline and after one year of therapy. The multidisciplinary management promoted the control of obesity reducing body fat mass. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome, asthma, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), binge eating, and hyperleptinemia was reduced. An improvement in the inflammatory profile was demonstrated by an increase in anti-inflammatory adiponectin and reduction in proinflammatory adipokines, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, interleukin-6 concentrations, and in the Lep/Adipo ratio. Moreover, a reduction in the AgRP and an increase in the alfa-MSH were noted. The multidisciplinary approach not only reduced obesity but also is efficacious in cardiovascular risk factors, inflammatory profile, and neuroendocrine regulation of energy balance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Raimunda Dâmaso
- Department of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Silva Jardim, 136 Térreo, Vila Mathias, 11015-020 Santos, SP, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program of Nutrition, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Marselhesa 630, Vila Clementino, 04020-060 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- *Ana Raimunda Dâmaso: and
| | - Aline de Piano
- Post-Graduate Program of Nutrition, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Marselhesa 630, Vila Clementino, 04020-060 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Raquel Munhoz da Silveira Campos
- Post-Graduate Program of Nutrition, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Marselhesa 630, Vila Clementino, 04020-060 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- *Raquel Munhoz da Silveira Campos:
| | - Flávia Campos Corgosinho
- Post-Graduate Program of Nutrition, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Marselhesa 630, Vila Clementino, 04020-060 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Wolfgang Siegfried
- Obesity Rehabilitation Centre INSULA, Insulaweg, Bischofswiesen, Germany
| | - Danielle Arisa Caranti
- Department of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Silva Jardim, 136 Térreo, Vila Mathias, 11015-020 Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Deborah Cristina Landi Masquio
- Post-Graduate Program of Nutrition, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Marselhesa 630, Vila Clementino, 04020-060 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - June Carnier
- Post-Graduate Program of Nutrition, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Marselhesa 630, Vila Clementino, 04020-060 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Priscila de Lima Sanches
- Post-Graduate Program of Nutrition, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Marselhesa 630, Vila Clementino, 04020-060 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Leão da Silva
- Post-Graduate Program of Nutrition, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Marselhesa 630, Vila Clementino, 04020-060 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Maria Oller Nascimento
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 726, Vila Clementino, 04021-001 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lila Missae Oyama
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 726, Vila Clementino, 04021-001 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marco Túlio de Mello
- Psychobiology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 726, Vila Clementino, 04021-001 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Psychobiology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 726, Vila Clementino, 04021-001 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lian Tock
- Weight Science, Rua Teodoro Sampaio, 744 Cj 98 Jardim America, 05406-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pfaehler A, Nanjappa MK, Coleman ES, Mansour M, Wanders D, Plaisance EP, Judd RL, Akingbemi BT. Regulation of adiponectin secretion by soy isoflavones has implication for endocrine function of the testis. Toxicol Lett 2012; 209:78-85. [PMID: 22155228 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Testicular Leydig cells are the predominant source of the male sex steroid hormone testosterone (T), which is required to maintain male fertility. There is now growing evidence that environmental stressors, including chemicals present in food, air and water, may affect energy balance. A relationship between energy balance and reproductive capacity has been proposed for a long time. In the present study, developmental exposures of male rats to soy isoflavones in the maternal diet from gestational day 12 to day 21 post-partum enhanced adiponectin expression in adipose tissue and increased serum adiponectin concentrations in adulthood. However, exposure to soy isoflavones caused a decrease in T production and expression of adiponectin and its receptor (adipoR2) in Leydig cells. In separate experiments, incubation of Leydig cells with recombinant adiponectin in the absence of isoflavones caused a decrease in T biosynthesis associated with diminished expression of the cholesterol transporter steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR). Thus, chemical-induced alterations in serum adiponectin concentrations have implication for steroid hormone secretion. The results also imply that changes in adipose tissue metabolism occasioned by exposure to dietary estrogens, and perhaps other estrogenic agents, possibly contribute to deficiencies in reproductive capacity attributed to these compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Pfaehler
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|