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Calvo JR, Maldonado MD. Immunoregulatory properties of melatonin in the humoral immune system: A narrative review. Immunol Lett 2024; 269:106901. [PMID: 39032910 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2024.106901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin is the major product both synthesized and secreted by the pineal gland during the night period and it is the principal chronobiotic hormone that regulates the circadian rhythms and seasonal changes in vertebrate biology. Moreover, melatonin shows both a broad distribution along the phylogenetically distant organisms and a high functional versatility. At the present time, a significant amount of experimental evidence has been reported in scientific literature and has clearly shown a functional relationship between the endocrine, nervous, and immune systems. The biochemistry basis of the functional communication between these systems is the utilization of a common chemicals signals. In this framework, at present melatonin is considered to be a relevant member of the so-called neuro-endocrine-immunological network. Thus, both in vivo and in vitro investigations conducted in both experimental animals and humans, have clearly documented that melatonin has an important immunomodulatory role. However, most of the published results refer to information on T lymphocytes, i.e., cell-mediated immunity. On the contrary, fewer studies have been carried out on B lymphocytes, the cells responsible for the so-called humoral immunity. In this review, we have focused on the biological role of melatonin in the humoral immunity. More precisely, we report the actions of melatonin on B lymphocytes biology and on the production of different types of antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan R Calvo
- Department Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of Seville Medical School, Spain.
| | - María D Maldonado
- Department Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of Seville Medical School, Spain
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2
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Celorrio San Miguel AM, Roche E, Herranz-López M, Celorrio San Miguel M, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Fernández-Lázaro D. Impact of Melatonin Supplementation on Sports Performance and Circulating Biomarkers in Highly Trained Athletes: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2024; 16:1011. [PMID: 38613044 PMCID: PMC11013451 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5 methoxytryptamine) is an indolic neurohormone that modulates a variety of physiological functions due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory properties. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to critically review the effects of melatonin supplementation in sports performance and circulating biomarkers related to the health status of highly trained athletes. Data were obtained by performing searches in the following three bibliography databases: Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus. The terms used were "Highly Trained Athletes", "Melatonin", and "Sports Performance", "Health Biomarkers" using "Humans" as a filter. The search update was carried out in February 2024 from original articles published with a controlled trial design. The PRISMA rules, the modified McMaster critical review form for quantitative studies, the PEDro scale, and the Cochrane risk of bias were applied. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 21 articles were selected out of 294 references. The dose of melatonin supplemented in the trials ranged between 5 mg to 100 mg administered before or after exercise. The outcomes showed improvements in antioxidant status and inflammatory response and reversed liver damage and muscle damage. Moderate effects on modulating glycemia, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and creatinine were reported. Promising data were found regarding the potential benefits of melatonin in hematological biomarkers, hormonal responses, and sports performance. Therefore, the true efficiency of melatonin to directly improve sports performance remains to be assessed. Nevertheless, an indirect effect of melatonin supplementation in sports performance could be evaluated through improvements in health biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Celorrio San Miguel
- Department of Chemistry, Polytechnic Secondary Education High School, 42004 Soria, Spain;
- Doctoral School, University of León, Campus de Vegazana, 24071 Leon, Spain
| | - Enrique Roche
- Department of Applied Biology-Nutrition, Institute of Bioengineering, University Miguel Hernandez, 03202 Elche, Spain;
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Research Group “Nutrition and Physical Activity”, Spanish Nutrition Society “SEÑ”, 28010 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María Herranz-López
- Institute of Research, Development, and Innovation in Healthcare Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain;
| | - Marta Celorrio San Miguel
- Emergency Department, Línea de la Concepción Hospital, C. Gabriel Miró, 108, 11300 La Línea de la Concepción, Spain;
| | - Juan Mielgo-Ayuso
- Research Group “Nutrition and Physical Activity”, Spanish Nutrition Society “SEÑ”, 28010 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Diego Fernández-Lázaro
- Research Group “Nutrition and Physical Activity”, Spanish Nutrition Society “SEÑ”, 28010 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Cellular Biology, Genetics, Histology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Valladolid, Campus of Soria, 42004 Soria, Spain
- Neurobiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
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Sebastiá-Rico J, Martínez-Sanz JM, Sanchis-Chordà J, Alonso-Calvar M, López-Mateu P, Romero-García D, Soriano JM. Supplement Consumption by Elite Soccer Players: Differences by Competitive Level, Playing Position, and Sex. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:496. [PMID: 38391871 PMCID: PMC10887827 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12040496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Soccer is a sport practiced all over the world and whose practice begins in young athletes. Currently, the consumption of nutritional supplements is essential to achieve the maximum performance of players. The aim of this study was to describe the consumption of sports supplements (CSS) by elite soccer players and its association with their competitive level, playing position, and sex. A comparative descriptive and non-experimental study was performed during the 2021-2022 competitive season. A total of 70 elite players completed one online questionnaire about their CSS. We found that sports drinks (55.7%), sports bars (50.0%), whey protein (48.6%), caffeine (47.1%), and creatine (60.0%) were the most consumed supplements by the total sample. Relative to the categories, the CSS was higher in the senior teams for both men and women. Regarding playing positions, caffeine was more consumed by midfielders and forwards (p = 0.013). Finally, in relation to sex, significant differences were found in the consumption of sports confectionery (p = 0.036), whey protein (p = 0.002), β-alanine (p = 0.013), and melatonin (p = 0.016). Soccer club SS questionnaires gather data to understand patterns, assess effectiveness and risks, and aid research. In conclusion, differences were found in the CSS according to competitive level, sex, and playing position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Sebastiá-Rico
- Area of Nutrition, University Clinic of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Physiotherapy (CUNAFF), Lluís Alcanyís Foundation-University of Valencia, 46020 Valencia, Spain
- Food & Health Lab, Institute of Materials Science, University of Valencia, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | | | | | - Miguel Alonso-Calvar
- Area of High Conditional Performance, Academia Valencia CF SAD, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Pedro López-Mateu
- Area of Medical Services, Academia Valencia CF SAD, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | | | - Jose M Soriano
- Food & Health Lab, Institute of Materials Science, University of Valencia, 46980 Paterna, Spain
- Joint Research Unit of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, Health Research Institute La Fe-University of Valencia, 46026 Valencia, Spain
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Drummond FR, Drummond LR, Campos HO, Fernandes JGRP, da Costa Monteiro M, Lara HFG, de Almeida Mafra TC, Lavorato VN, Pereira AB, Leite LHR, Poletini MDO, Coimbra CC. Is melatonin as an ergogenic hormone a myth? a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocrine 2024; 83:302-321. [PMID: 37658244 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03498-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Melatonin supplementation has been disclosed as an ergogenic substance. However, the effectiveness of melatonin supplementation in healthy subjects has not been systematically investigated. The present study analyzed the effects of melatonin supplementation on physical performance and recovery. In addition, it was investigated whether exercise bout or training alter melatonin secretion in athletes and exercise practitioners. METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted and reported according to the guidelines outlined in the PRISMA statement. Based on the search and inclusion criteria, 21 studies were included in the systematic review, and 19 were included in the meta-analysis. RESULTS Melatonin supplementation did not affect aerobic performance relative to time trial (-0.04; 95% CI: -0.51 to 0.44) and relative to VO2 (0.00; 95% CI: -0.57 to 0.57). Also, melatonin supplementation did not affect strength performance (0.19; 95% CI: -0.28 to 0.65). Only Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) secretion increased after melatonin supplementation (1.40; 95% CI: 0.29 to 2.51). Post-exercise melatonin secretion was not changed immediately after an exercise session (0.56; 95% CI: -0.29 to 1.41) and 60 min after exercise (0.56; 95% CI: -0.29 to 1.41). CONCLUSION The data indicate that melatonin is not an ergogenic hormone. In contrast, melatonin supplementation improves post-exercise recovery, even without altering its secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Rios Drummond
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Lucas Rios Drummond
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
- Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais - Unidade Divinópolis, Divinópolis, MG, Brasil
| | - Helton Oliveira Campos
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais - Unidade Carangola, Carangola, MG, Brasil
| | - João Guilhermo Rios Pimenta Fernandes
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Mateus da Costa Monteiro
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Henrique Fernandes Gerspacher Lara
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Tito Cardoso de Almeida Mafra
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Victor Neiva Lavorato
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - André Bahia Pereira
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Laura Hora Rios Leite
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
| | - Maristela de Oliveira Poletini
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Cândido Celso Coimbra
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
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Almendros-Ruiz A, Lopez-Moro A, Conde-Pipò J, Santalla A, Requena B, Mariscal-Arcas M. The Effects of Melatonin Supplementation on Professional Football Player Performance: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:4467. [PMID: 37892543 PMCID: PMC10610359 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melatonin is a hormone that has shown anti-inflammatory actions, reduced oxidative stress, and has effects on physical performance, so the aim of this study was to review the effects of melatonin supplementation on the performance of professional soccer players. METHODS Critical and systematic review. Data were obtained by performing searches in the following bibliographic databases: Web of Science, MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus. The terms used were "Soccer Athlete", "Melatonin", and "Soccer Performance", using "Humans" as a filter. The search update was in May 2023. RESULTS Having applied the inclusion and exclusion criteria, eight articles were selected out of 59 retrieved references. The dose of melatonin administered in the studies ranged between 5 and 8 mg. The outcomes showed a decrease in oxidative stress, muscle damage, and inflammatory markers in the melatonin-treated group. CONCLUSIONS Exogenously administered melatonin seems to attenuate some of the effects derived from physical exercise, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and muscle damage, in professional football players, and since it has no potential adverse effects, it could be interesting to apply it in this population. However, the direct effects of melatonin supplementation on physical performance have not been demonstrated, so more research is needed on the intervention period and effective dose and with larger participant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Almendros-Ruiz
- Health Science and Nutrition Research (HSNR-CTS1118), Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.A.-R.); (A.L.-M.); (J.C.-P.)
| | - Alejandro Lopez-Moro
- Health Science and Nutrition Research (HSNR-CTS1118), Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.A.-R.); (A.L.-M.); (J.C.-P.)
| | - Javier Conde-Pipò
- Health Science and Nutrition Research (HSNR-CTS1118), Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.A.-R.); (A.L.-M.); (J.C.-P.)
| | - Alfredo Santalla
- FSI Lab, Football Science Institute, 18100 Granada, Spain; (A.S.); (B.R.)
- Research Group Physical Activity, Health and Sport CTS-948, Pablo de Olavide University, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Bernardo Requena
- FSI Lab, Football Science Institute, 18100 Granada, Spain; (A.S.); (B.R.)
| | - Miguel Mariscal-Arcas
- Health Science and Nutrition Research (HSNR-CTS1118), Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (A.A.-R.); (A.L.-M.); (J.C.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
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Farjallah MA, Graja A, Ghattassi K, Ben Mahmoud L, Elleuch H, Ayadi F, Driss T, Jammoussi K, Sahnoun Z, Souissi N, Hammouda O. Melatonin Ingestion Prevents Liver Damage and Improves Biomarkers of Renal Function Following a Maximal Exercise. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2023; 94:869-879. [PMID: 35575746 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2022.2068792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Background: While the promotion of the beneficial effects of melatonin (MEL) ingestion on the modulation of oxidative stress is widespread, less attention is given to the biological influence that it could exert on the results of hematology and clinical chemistry parameters. This study was undertaken to assess the effects of acute MEL ingestion on these parameters during a maximal running exercise. Methods: In double blind randomized design, 12 professional soccer players [age: 17.54 ± 0.78 yrs, body mass: 70.31 ± 3.86 kg, body height: 1.8 ± 0.08 m; maximal aerobic speed (MAS): 16.85 ± 0.63 km/h; mean ± standard deviation], all males, performed a diurnal (17:00 h ± 30 h) running exercise test (RET) at 100% of their MAS following either MEL or placebo ingestion. Blood samples were obtained at rest and following the RET. Results: Compared to placebo, MEL intake decreased post-exercise biomarkers of liver damage (aspartate aminotransferase, p<0.001; alanine aminotransferase, p<0.001; gamma-glutamyltransferase; p<0.05) and improved post-exercise renal function markers (i.e., creatinine, p<0.001). However, lipid profile, glucose, lactate and leukocyte were not affected by MEL ingestion. Regarding the time to exhaustion, no difference was found between MEL (362.46 ± 42.06 s) and PLA (374.54 ± 57.97 s) conditions. Conclusion: The results of this investigation clearly attest that MEL ingestion before a maximal running exercise might protect athletes from liver damage and perturbation in renal function biomarkers. However, this study comprises an acute MEL supplementation and no assessment on chronic effects or circadian rhythm the day before was done.
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Postigo V, García M, Arroyo T. Study of a First Approach to the Controlled Fermentation for Lambic Beer Production. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1681. [PMID: 37512854 PMCID: PMC10384975 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-Saccharomyces yeasts represent a great source of biodiversity for the production of new beer styles, since they can be used in different industrial areas, as pure culture starters, in co-fermentation with Saccharomyces, and in spontaneous fermentation (lambic and gueuze production, with the main contribution of Brettanomyces yeast). The fermentation process of lambic beer is characterized by different phases with a characteristic predominance of different microorganisms in each of them. As it is a spontaneous process, fermentation usually lasts from 10 months to 3 years. In this work, an attempt was made to perform a fermentation similar to the one that occurred in this process with lactic bacteria, Saccharomyces yeast and Brettanomyces yeast, but controlling their inoculation and therefore decreasing the time necessary for their action. For this purpose, after the first screening in 100 mL where eight Brettanomyces yeast strains from D.O. "Ribeira Sacra" (Galicia) were tested, one Brettanomyces bruxellensis strain was finally selected (B6) for fermentation in 1 L together with commercial strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae S-04 yeast and Lactobacillus brevis lactic acid bacteria in different sequences. The combinations that showed the best fermentative capacity were tested in 14 L. Volatile compounds, lactic acid, acetic acid, colour, bitterness, residual sugars, ethanol, melatonin and antioxidant capacity were analysed at different maturation times of 1, 2, 6 and 12 months. Beers inoculated with Brettanomyces yeast independently of the other microorganisms showed pronounced aromas characteristic of the Brettanomyces yeast. Maturation after 12 months showed balanced beers with "Brett" aromas, as well as an increase in the antioxidant capacity of the beers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Postigo
- Department of Agri-Food, Madrid Institute for Rural, Agriculture and Food Research and Development (IMIDRA), El Encín, A-2, Km 38.2, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Brewery La Cibeles, Petróleo 34, 28918 Leganés, Spain
| | - Margarita García
- Department of Agri-Food, Madrid Institute for Rural, Agriculture and Food Research and Development (IMIDRA), El Encín, A-2, Km 38.2, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Teresa Arroyo
- Department of Agri-Food, Madrid Institute for Rural, Agriculture and Food Research and Development (IMIDRA), El Encín, A-2, Km 38.2, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
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Maldonado MD, Romero-Aibar J, Calvo JR. The melatonin contained in beer can provide health benefits, due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:3738-3747. [PMID: 36004527 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Beer is a fermented beverage with a low alcohol content originating from cereal fermentation (barley or wheat). It forms part of the diet for many people. It contains melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine). Melatonin is a molecule with a wide range of antioxidant, oncostatic, immunomodulatory, and cytoprotective properties. The aim of this work was to review the data supporting the idea that a moderate consumption of beer, because of its melatonin content, is particularly useful in healthy diets and in other physiological situations (such as pregnancy, menopause, and old age). Data source: a) The MEDLINE /PubMed search was conducted from 1975 to April 2022, and b) Our own experience and published studies on melatonin, the immune system, and beer. We provide a review of research on the mechanisms of melatonin generation in beer, its concentrations, and its possible effects on health. The melatonin contained in beer, as part of a healthy diet and in some special physiological situations, could act as a protective factor and improve the quality of life of those who drink it in moderation. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- MDolores Maldonado
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, University of Seville Medical School, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jerusa Romero-Aibar
- Superior Laboratory Technician, National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences of Tenerife, Madrid, Spain
| | - JRamón Calvo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, University of Seville Medical School, Sevilla, Spain
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Marzougui H, Turki M, Ben Dhia I, Maaloul R, Chaker H, Makhlouf R, Agrebi I, Kammoun K, Jamoussi K, Ayadi F, Ben Hmida M, Hammouda O. Melatonin intake before intradialytic exercise reverses oxidative stress and improves antioxidant status in hemodialysis patients. Int J Artif Organs 2023; 46:264-273. [PMID: 37051719 DOI: 10.1177/03913988231165324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to investigate for the first time the effects of melatonin (MEL) intake on oxidative stress and cellular damage during intradialytic exercise (IEX). METHODS Thirteen hemodialysis (HD) patients volunteered to participate in the current randomized crossover trial. Participants performed four HD sessions in four different conditions: (Exercise (EX)-MEL), (EX-Placebo (PLA)), (Control (C)-MEL), and (C-PLA). 3 mg of MEL or PLA were taken 60 min before starting exercise, or at the equivalent time in the C conditions. Blood samples were taken before HD (T0), immediately after the end of IEX (T1), 60 min after IEX (T2), or at the corresponding times in the C conditions to measure free radicals damage, antioxidant biomarkers, as well as biomarkers of muscle and liver damage. RESULTS Malondialdehyde and Advanced Oxidation Protein Products decreased in (C-MEL) (p < 0.05, d = 2.19; p < 0.01, d = 0.99, respectively) at T2 compared to T0. Catalase and total thiol levels increased in (C-MEL) (p < 0.01, d = 1.51; p < 0.01, d = 1.56, respectively) and in (EX-MEL) (p = 0.01, d = 1.28; p < 0.01, d = 1.52, respectively) at T1 compared to T0. Total bilirubin levels increased in (EX-MEL) and (C-MEL) at T2 compared to T0 (p < 0.001, d = 2.77; p < 0.001, d = 1.36, respectively), but only at T2 compared to T1 in (EX-MEL) (p < 0.001, d = 1.67). In all conditions, uric acid levels decreased at T1 compared to T0 and at T2 compared to T1, while biomarkers of muscle and liver damage remained unchanged. CONCLUSION This pilot study is the first to show that MEL ingestion, alone or combined with IEX, could improve oxidant-antioxidant balance during HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houssem Marzougui
- Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Turki
- Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Biochemistry Department, CHU Habib Bourguiba, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Imen Ben Dhia
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory: Evaluation and Management of Musculoskeletal System Pathologies, LR20ES09, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Rami Maaloul
- Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hanen Chaker
- Nephrology Department, CHU Hedi Chaker, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory of Renal Pathology, LR19ES11, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax,Tunisia
| | - Rihab Makhlouf
- Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Biochemistry Department, CHU Habib Bourguiba, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ikram Agrebi
- Nephrology Department, CHU Hedi Chaker, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory of Renal Pathology, LR19ES11, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax,Tunisia
| | - Khawla Kammoun
- Nephrology Department, CHU Hedi Chaker, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory of Renal Pathology, LR19ES11, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax,Tunisia
| | - Kamel Jamoussi
- Biochemistry Department, CHU Hedi Chaker, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Ayadi
- Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Biochemistry Department, CHU Habib Bourguiba, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ben Hmida
- Nephrology Department, CHU Hedi Chaker, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory of Renal Pathology, LR19ES11, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax,Tunisia
| | - Omar Hammouda
- Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, Nanterre, France
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Lachancea thermotolerans, an Innovative Alternative for Sour Beer Production. BEVERAGES 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages9010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
The interest in and growth of craft beer has led to an intense search for new beers and styles. The revival of traditional styles has sometimes been hampered by the use of microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria. Therefore, studies on alternative yeasts for the production of this style of beer have increased. In this work and together with previous studies carried out with yeasts isolated from Madrid agriculture (from grapes, must, wine, vineyards and wineries), the capacity of 10 yeast strains, belonging to the genus Lachancea thermotolerans, for the production of sour beer has been determined. For this purpose, different fermentation scale-ups (100 mL, 1 L and 100 L) have been performed and their fermentation capacity, aroma compound production (33 volatile compounds by GC), organoleptic profile (trained tasting panel and consumers), melatonin production (HPLC) and antioxidant capacity have been studied. Beer fermented with yeast strain CLI 1232 showed a balanced acidity with a fruity aromatic profile and honey notes. On the other hand, the beer fermented with strain 1-8B also showed a balanced acidity, but less fruity and citric flavour than CLI 1232 strain. Finally, the yeast strain selected by the consumers (CLI 1232) was used for beer production at industrial scale and the market launch of a sour beer.
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Souissi A, Ben Maaouia G, Dergaa I, Ghram A, Ben Saad H. The fat burning ability of melatonin during submaximal exercise. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2022.2157531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amine Souissi
- Université de Sousse, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Hôpital Farhat HACHED, Laboratoire de Recherche (Insuffisance Cardiaque, LR12SP09), Sousse, Tunisie
| | - Ghazwa Ben Maaouia
- Research Unit Physical Activity, Sport & Health, National Observatory of Sports, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ismail Dergaa
- Preventative Health Department, PHCC, Primary Health Care Corporation, Wellness, Doha, Qatar
| | - Amine Ghram
- Université de Sousse, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Hôpital Farhat HACHED, Laboratoire de Recherche (Insuffisance Cardiaque, LR12SP09), Sousse, Tunisie
| | - Helmi Ben Saad
- Université de Sousse, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Hôpital Farhat HACHED, Laboratoire de Recherche (Insuffisance Cardiaque, LR12SP09), Sousse, Tunisie
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Abstract
Non-Saccharomyces yeasts represent a very attractive alternative for the production of beers with superior sensory quality since they are able to enhance the flavour of beer. Furthermore, they can produce beers with low ethanol content due to the weak fermentative capacity of a large percentage of non-Saccharomyces species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of 34 non-Saccharomyces yeast strains isolated from Madrilenian agriculture to produce a novel ale beer. The non-Saccharomyces yeast strains were screened at two scales in the laboratory. In the first screening, those with undesirable aromas were discarded and the selected strains were analysed. Thirty-three volatile compounds were analysed by GC, as well as melatonin production by HPLC, for the selected strains. Thirteen strains were then fermented at a higher scale in the laboratory for sensory evaluation. Only yeast strains of the species Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Lachancea thermotolerans were able to complete fermentation. Species such as Torulaspora delbrueckii, Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Wickerhamomyces anomalus, Hanseniaspora vineae, and Hanseniaspora guilliermondii could be used both for production of low ethanol beers and co-fermentation with a Saccharomyces yeast to improve the organoleptic characteristics of the beer. In addition, for these strains, the levels of melatonin obtained were higher than the concentrations found for Saccharomyces strains subjected to the same study conditions. The selected strains can be used in future trials to further determine their viability under different conditions and for different purposes.
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Ben Dhia I, Maaloul R, Marzougui H, Ghroubi S, Kallel C, Driss T, Elleuch MH, Ayadi F, Turki M, Hammouda O. Melatonin reduces muscle damage, inflammation and oxidative stress induced by exhaustive exercise in people with overweight/obesity. Physiol Int 2022; 109:78-89. [PMID: 35238798 DOI: 10.1556/2060.2022.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intense physical exercise leads to inflammation, oxidative stress and muscle damage, and these responses are of greater magnitude in people with obesity. Melatonin (MLT) is considered an endogenous antioxidant which may have beneficial effects against inflammation, oxidative stress and promote tissue repair after exercise. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of MLT on inflammatory parameters, oxidative stress and muscle damage in people with overweight/obesity after a high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE). METHODS A total of 23 subjects with obesity (9 men and 14 women) age: 33.26 ± 9.81 years, BMI: 37.75 ± 8.87 kg.m-2 were randomized to participate in two experimental sessions: HIIE + Placebo and HIIE + MLT (3 mg). The HIIE protocol corresponds to 8 intervals of 1 min (90% of the maximal aerobic power (MAP)) alternating with 2 min recovery (45% of the MAP). Blood samples were drawn before and 5 min after each exercise session. RESULTS MLT ingestion attenuated the increase of inflammation (C-reactive protein, white blood cells (P < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.45; for both) and Neutrophils (P < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.36)) and hepatic and muscle damage (Aspartate aminotransferase (P < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.25), Alanine aminotransferase (P < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.27) and Creatine kinase (P = 0.02, ηp2 = 0.23). MLT also attenuated the exercise induced lipid and protein peroxidation (i.e., Malondialdehyde (P = 0.03, ηp2 = 0.19) and AOPP (P < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.55)). Concerning the antioxidant status, MLT intake increased Thiol (P < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.26) and Catalase (P < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.32) and decreased Uric acid (P = 0.02, ηp2 = 0.2) and Total bilirubin (P < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.33). CONCLUSIONS MLT intake before HIIE reduced muscle damage by modulating oxidative stress and preventing overexpression of the pro-inflammatory mediators in people with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Ben Dhia
- 1 Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé (EM2S) LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- 2 Research Laboratory of Evaluation and Management of Musculoskeletal System Pathologies, LR20ES09, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Rami Maaloul
- 1 Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé (EM2S) LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- 3 Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Houssem Marzougui
- 1 Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé (EM2S) LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- 3 Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sameh Ghroubi
- 2 Research Laboratory of Evaluation and Management of Musculoskeletal System Pathologies, LR20ES09, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Tarak Driss
- 5 Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
| | - Mohamed Habib Elleuch
- 2 Research Laboratory of Evaluation and Management of Musculoskeletal System Pathologies, LR20ES09, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Ayadi
- 3 Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Turki
- 3 Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Omar Hammouda
- 3 Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- 5 Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
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Souissi A, Dergaa I, Chtourou H, Ben Saad H. The Effect of Daytime Ingestion of Melatonin on Thyroid Hormones Responses to Acute Submaximal Exercise in Healthy Active Males: A Pilot Study. Am J Mens Health 2022; 16:15579883211070383. [PMID: 35060417 PMCID: PMC8785310 DOI: 10.1177/15579883211070383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that exercise increases the activity of thyroid glands and raises the blood level of melatonin. The increase of melatonin during exercise may be linked to a rise in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). No previous study has investigated the combined effects of melatonin ingestion and acute submaximal exercise on thyroid hormones’ responses. The purpose of this pilot study was to explore the effects of daytime ingestion of melatonin on thyroid hormones’ responses to acute submaximal exercise. After 50 min of either melatonin (6 mg) or placebo ingestion, eight physical education students (mean ± standard deviation of age: 22 ± 1 years) were asked to run for 45 min at 60% of their maximum aerobic speed. Free thyroxine (fT4) and TSH were measured in plasma samples before and immediately after exercise. After submaximal exercise, TSH increased by 54% in both placebo and melatonin conditions. There was no significant (Condition × Exercise) interaction, and no significant condition effect for TSH. The fT4 remained unchanged before/after submaximal exercise in both placebo [15.2 (1.9) and 15.0 (1.6) pmol/L, respectively, p > .05], and melatonin [16.7 (2.7) and 16.3 (2.7) pmol/L, respectively, p > .05] conditions. There was no significant (Condition × Exercise) interaction, no significant exercise effect, and no significant condition effect for fT4. To conclude, acute melatonin ingestion did not affect thyroid hormones’ responses to submaximal exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amine Souissi
- Laboratoire de recherche “Insuffisance cardiaque, LR12SP09,” Hôpital Farhat HACHED de Sousse, Université de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisie
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et Explorations Fonctionnelles, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Université de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisie
| | - Ismail Dergaa
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Helmi Ben Saad
- Laboratoire de recherche “Insuffisance cardiaque, LR12SP09,” Hôpital Farhat HACHED de Sousse, Université de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisie
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et Explorations Fonctionnelles, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Université de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisie
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Blood Biochemical Variables Found in Lidia Cattle after Intense Exercise. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11102866. [PMID: 34679884 PMCID: PMC8532696 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary There are limited published data in cattle on blood biological variables in response to intense work or after significant physical exertion. Stress should be considered in addition to exercise in the Lidia breed due to their agonistic behavioral characteristics. Therefore, changes in blood biological variables in response to intense exercise and stress were evaluated. Specifically, 438 bulls of the Lidia breed were sampled after a bullfight in order to determine the concentrations of different blood variables. We found that most of the measured blood variables clearly increased. Thus, severe hyperglycemia and an increase in various enzymes (LDH, AST, GGT, ALT, and particularly CK) were observed. The increase in all these variables is justified by the mobilization of energy sources, tissue and muscle damage, and dehydration, due to intense exercise and stress. Abstract There are limited published data in the bovine species on blood biological variables in response to intense work or after significant physical exertion. Lidia cattle, in addition to their exercise components, have some behavioral agonistic features that make them more susceptible to stress. The bullfight involves stress and exercise so intense that it causes significant changes in some metabolic variables. The study objective was to evaluate changes in blood biological variables in response to intense exercise and stress. After the fight in the arena, and once the bulls were dead (n = 438), blood samples were taken, and some biochemical and hormonal variables were determined in venous blood. A descriptive analysis was performed using the Statistica 8.0. computer program. The mean (±s.d.) results obtained were: total protein (85.8 ± 10.8 g/dL), albumin (3.74 ± 4.3 g/dL), triglycerides (39.65 ± 0.16 mg/dL), cholesterol (2.44 ± 0.03 mmol/L), glucose (22.2 ± 9.6 mmol/L), uric acid (340 ± 80 µmol/L), creatinine (236.9 ± 0.4 µmol/L), urea (5.93 ± 1.27 mmol/L), LDH (2828 ± 1975 IU/L), CK (6729 ± 10,931 IU/L), AST (495 ± 462 IU/L), ALP (90 ± 33 IU/L), GGT (50 ± 34 IU/L), ALT (59 ± 35 IU/L), cortisol (117.5 ± 46.6 nmol/L), and testosterone (20.2 ± 23.8 nmol/L). Most of the measured variables clearly increased; thus, we found severe hyperglycemia and increases in LDH, AST, GGT, and ALT enzymes, particularly in CK. The increases in all these variables are justified by the mobilization of energy sources, tissue/muscle damage, and dehydration due to continued stress and intense exercise.
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Kruk J, Aboul-Enein BH, Duchnik E. Exercise-induced oxidative stress and melatonin supplementation: current evidence. J Physiol Sci 2021; 71:27. [PMID: 34470608 PMCID: PMC8409271 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-021-00812-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin possesses the indoleamine structure and exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions and other physiological properties. Physical exercise can influence secretion of melatonin. Melatonin is used as a natural supplement among athletes to regulate sleep cycles and protect muscles against oxidative damage. Despite decades of research, there is still a lack of a comprehensive and critical review on melatonin supplementation and physical activity relationship. The aim of this literature review is to examine the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and other biological functions played by melatonin with reference to the effect of physical exercise on melatonin secretion and the effect of this compound supplementation on exercise-induced oxidative stress in athletes. Evidence shows that intense exercises disturb antioxidant status of competitive athletes, whereas supplementation with melatonin strengthens antioxidant status in trained athletes in various sports as the compound showed high potency in reduction of the oxidative stress and inflammation markers generated during intense and prolonged exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kruk
- Faculty of Physical Culture and Health, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
| | | | - Ewa Duchnik
- Department of Aesthetic Dermatology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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Fermented ginseng leaf enriched with rare ginsenosides relieves exercise-induced fatigue via regulating metabolites of muscular interstitial fluid, satellite cells-mediated muscle repair and gut microbiota. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Santos JAR, Fernandes RJ, Zacca R. Multi-Micronutrient Supplementation and Immunoglobulin Response in Well-Fed Firefighters. Sports Med Int Open 2020; 5:E1-E7. [PMID: 33376770 PMCID: PMC7758155 DOI: 10.1055/a-1296-1486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intensive physical training programs can affect the immune system. This study aims to verify the multi-micronutrient supplementation effects on serum immunoglobulins levels prior to and after a five-week physical training program. Twenty-four male recruit firefighters were randomly allocated into supplemented (with Prisfar Ever-Fit Plus over 35 consecutive days) and placebo groups (n=12 each). Serum immunoglobulins G, A, and M were assessed. Supplementation effect was detected for immunoglobulin G (eta-squared, η 2 : 0.09; p =0.035; power: 0.56), A (η 2 : 0.24; p =0.001; power: 0.95), and M (η 2 : 0.09; p =0.036; power: 0.56). Although immunoglobulin A was different between groups at baseline (mean difference: 42.58; 95%CI: 7.00 to 78.16 mg/dL; p =0.021; d =2.48), within-group (before vs . after five weeks) showed no differences for both supplemented and control groups. In addition, even if immunoglobulin G and M were similar at baseline, immunoglobulin G decreased (mean diff.: 46.4; 95%CI: 6.7 to 86.1 mg/dL; p =0.03; d =0.74) and immunoglobulin M increased (mean diff.: -10.7; 95%CI: -15.8 to -5.5 mg/dL; p =0.001; d =-1.33) in the control group. Although mean values remained within the reference values, changes observed for immunoglobulin G and M may reflect some immune protection for firefighters engaged in recruit training.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Augusto Rodrigues Santos
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo J Fernandes
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Porto Biomechanics Laboratory (LABIOMEP‑UP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Zacca
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Porto Biomechanics Laboratory (LABIOMEP‑UP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Ministry of Education, CAPES Foundation, Brazilia, Brazil
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Albuquerque YMLD, Silva WED, Souza FDAL, Teixeira VW, Teixeira ÁAC. Melatonin on hypothyroidism and gonadal development in rats: a review. JBRA Assist Reprod 2020; 24:498-506. [PMID: 32945645 PMCID: PMC7558891 DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20200053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the evidence in research on the effects of melatonin on hypothyroidism and gonadal development. According to the World Health Organization, thyroid disorders due to iodine deficiency affect about 740 million people worldwide. Hypothyroidism is a thyroid dysfunction characterized by hypometabolism of the gland, with reduced or physiologically normal T3 and T4 serum levels, and high TSH level. This disorder occurs mainly in adult women in the reproductive phase, with a prevalence of 2% among the world's female population, with profound repercussions on gestation and fetal formation. During the gestational period, the thyroid is initially stimulated by high concentrations of human chorionic gonadotrophin; thus, maintaining maternal euthyroidism during pregnancy and lactation is fundamental for fetal growth and development. Besides, the hormones produced by this gland are involved in the formation of various organs, such as the skin, brain and gonads. Hypothyroidism is associated with several menstrual abnormalities, anovulation and hyperprolactinemia, resulting in a high rate of abortions, premature births, placental rupture, and weight-related neonatal deficits. In addition, there are studies showing that hypothyroidism can affect ovarian morphology (number of ovarian follicles) and testicular morphology (changes in the testicular-lumen epithelium). Melatonin is a hormone known to modulate the estrous cycle and pregnancy, and studies show that the exogenous application of melatonin increased T4 levels in female rats and controlled the decrease in T3 serum levels, reverting the sigs of hypothyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Welma Emídio da Silva
- Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco- PE, Brazil
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Melatonin ingestion before intradialytic exercise improves immune responses in hemodialysis patients. Int Urol Nephrol 2020; 53:553-562. [PMID: 32965623 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-020-02643-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin (MEL) intake on systemic inflammation and immune responses during intradialytic exercise. METHODS Thirteen hemodialysis (HD) patients volunteered to participate in the current randomized-crossover study. Immunological responses were monitored in four HD sessions at different conditions: [Exercise (EX) + MEL], [EX + Placebo (PLA)], [Control (CON) + MEL] and [CON + PLA]. MEL (3 mg) or PLA was ingested 1 h before starting exercise or the equivalent time in CON condition. During all sessions, peripheral blood samples were collected to assess c-reactive protein, complete blood count, and immune cells phenotypes before HD (T0), immediately after exercise (T1) and 1 h after exercise (T2) or at corresponding times in the CON condition. RESULTS HD therapy induced a significant decrease in natural killer (NK) (p = 0.001, d = 0.85; p < 0.001, d = 1.19, respectively) and CD8+ T-lymphocytes rates (p = 0.001, d = 0.57; p < 0.001, d = 0.75, respectively) at T1 and T2 compared to T0. MEL intake prevented the decrease in NK and CD8+ T-lymphocytes, increased the proportion of CD4+ T-lymphocytes at T1 and T2 compared to T0 (p = 0.002, d = 1.18; p = 0.001, d = 1.04, respectively) and decreased the proportion of CD14++CD16+ Monocytes at T2 compared to T0 (p = 0.02, d = 1.57) in peripheral blood during HD therapy. Similar results were found in [EX + MEL] and [EX + PLA] conditions. CONCLUSION This pilot study provides the first evidence that MEL intake alone or associated with intradialytic exercise displays potential immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. The combination of MEL with intradialytic exercise may be an appropriate anti-inflammatory therapy for HD patients.
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Mason SA, Trewin AJ, Parker L, Wadley GD. Antioxidant supplements and endurance exercise: Current evidence and mechanistic insights. Redox Biol 2020; 35:101471. [PMID: 32127289 PMCID: PMC7284926 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant supplements are commonly consumed by endurance athletes to minimize exercise-induced oxidative stress, with the intention of enhancing recovery and improving performance. There are numerous commercially available nutritional supplements that are targeted to athletes and health enthusiasts that allegedly possess antioxidant properties. However, most of these compounds are poorly investigated with respect to their in vivo redox activity and efficacy in humans. Therefore, this review will firstly provide a background to endurance exercise-related redox signalling and the subsequent adaptations in skeletal muscle and vascular function. The review will then discuss commonly available compounds with purported antioxidant effects for use by athletes. N-acetyl cysteine may be of benefit over the days prior to an endurance event; while chronic intake of combined 1000 mg vitamin C + vitamin E is not recommended during periods of heavy training associated with adaptations in skeletal muscle. Melatonin, vitamin E and α-lipoic acid appear effective at decreasing markers of exercise-induced oxidative stress. However, evidence on their effects on endurance performance are either lacking or not supportive. Catechins, anthocyanins, coenzyme Q10 and vitamin C may improve vascular function, however, evidence is either limited to specific sub-populations and/or does not translate to improved performance. Finally, additional research should clarify the potential benefits of curcumin in improving muscle recovery post intensive exercise; and the potential hampering effects of astaxanthin, selenium and vitamin A on skeletal muscle adaptations to endurance training. Overall, we highlight the lack of supportive evidence for most antioxidant compounds to recommend to athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun A Mason
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Adam J Trewin
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Lewan Parker
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Glenn D Wadley
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
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Farjallah MA, Ghattassi K, Ben Mahmoud L, Graja A, Boudaya M, Elleuch H, Jammoussi K, Sahnoun Z, Souissi N, Chtourou H, Hammouda O. Effect of nocturnal melatonin intake on cellular damage and recovery from repeated sprint performance during an intensive training schedule. Chronobiol Int 2020; 37:686-698. [PMID: 32378422 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1746797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An optimal recovery between training sessions is of similar if not greater importance as the training content and program of the training, itself. One of the most used strategies for improving recovery is the ingestion of supplements. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of 5 mg oral melatonin supplementation on the recovery from repeated sprint (RSA) of performance and biochemical responses (i.e. oxidative stress, leukocytosis cellular damage) after an intensive training camp (TC). Twenty soccer players performed an RSA test before and after an intensive six-day TC associated with nocturnal melatonin (n = 10) or placebo (n = 10) ingestion. Resting and post-RSA test blood samples were obtained before and after the TC. Compared to placebo, melatonin intake decreased resting oxidative stress markers (i.e, advanced oxidation protein products), leukocytosis (i.e. white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils (NE)) and biomarkers of cellular damage (i.e. creatine kinase (CK)). It also lowered post-exercise leukocytosis (i.e. WBC, NE, lymphocytes (LY), monocytes (MO)) and biomarkers of cellular damage (i.e. CK, aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT)) and raised the activity of the main antioxidant enzymes (i.e. glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR)). In addition, compared to placebo, melatonin reduced the deterioration of the best and total time during the RSA test after the TC. In conclusion, nocturnal melatonin supplementation during an intensive TC alleviated oxidative stress, leukocytosis and cellular damage and improved recovery of RSA performance in soccer players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Amine Farjallah
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Manouba University, Ksar-Saïd , Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Kais Ghattassi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Manouba University, Ksar-Saïd , Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Lobna Ben Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax , Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Graja
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Manouba University, Ksar-Saïd , Tunis, Tunisia.,Research Laboratory, Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, LR15JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax , Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mariem Boudaya
- Biochemistry Laboratory, CHU Hedi Chaker, University of Sfax , Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Henda Elleuch
- Hematology Laboratory, CHU Hedi Chaker, University of Sfax , Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Jammoussi
- Biochemistry Laboratory, CHU Hedi Chaker, University of Sfax , Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Zouheir Sahnoun
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax , Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nizar Souissi
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport , Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport , Tunis, Tunisia.,High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax , Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Omar Hammouda
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2-APSA), UPL, Paris Nanterre University, UFR STAPS , Nanterre, France.,Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR12ES17, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax , Sfax, Tunisia
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23
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Barlow KM, Brooks BL, Esser MJ, Kirton A, Mikrogianakis A, Zemek RL, MacMaster FP, Nettel-Aguirre A, Yeates KO, Kirk V, Hutchison JS, Crawford S, Turley B, Cameron C, Hill MD, Samuel T, Buchhalter J, Richer L, Platt R, Boyd R, Dewey D. Efficacy of Melatonin in Children With Postconcussive Symptoms: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Pediatrics 2020; 145:peds.2019-2812. [PMID: 32217739 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2019-2812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 25% of children with concussion have persistent postconcussive symptoms (PPCS) with resultant significant impacts on quality of life. Melatonin has significant neuroprotective properties, and promising preclinical data suggest its potential to improve outcomes after traumatic brain injury. We hypothesized that treatment with melatonin would result in a greater decrease in PPCS symptoms when compared with a placebo. METHODS We conducted a randomized, double-blind trial of 3 or 10 mg of melatonin compared with a placebo (NCT01874847). We included youth (ages 8-18 years) with PPCS at 4 to 6 weeks after mild traumatic brain injury. Those with significant medical or psychiatric histories or a previous concussion within the last 3 months were excluded. The primary outcome was change in the total youth self-reported Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory score measured after 28 days of treatment. Secondary outcomes included change in health-related quality of life, cognition, and sleep. RESULTS Ninety-nine children (mean age: 13.8 years; SD = 2.6 years; 58% girls) were randomly assigned. Symptoms improved over time with a median Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory change score of -21 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -16 to -27). There was no significant effect of melatonin when compared with a placebo in the intention-to-treat analysis (3 mg melatonin, -2 [95% CI: -13 to 6]; 10 mg melatonin, 4 [95% CI: -7 to 14]). No significant group differences in secondary outcomes were observed. Side effects were mild and similar to the placebo. CONCLUSIONS Children with PPCS had significant impairment in their quality of life. Seventy-eight percent demonstrated significant recovery between 1 and 3 months postinjury. This clinical trial does not support the use of melatonin for the treatment of pediatric PPCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Barlow
- Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute and .,Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine and.,Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Brian L Brooks
- Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute and.,Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine and.,Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Neuroscience Program, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael J Esser
- Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute and.,Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine and
| | - Adam Kirton
- Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute and.,Radiology.,Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine and
| | - Angelo Mikrogianakis
- Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute and.,Emergency Medicine, and
| | - Roger L Zemek
- Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine and Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frank P MacMaster
- Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute and.,Departments of Psychiatry, Paediatrics, and
| | - Alberto Nettel-Aguirre
- Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute and.,Departments of Community Health Sciences
| | - Keith Owen Yeates
- Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute and.,Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine and.,Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Valerie Kirk
- Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute and
| | - James S Hutchison
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Research Program, Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine and Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan Crawford
- Neuroscience Program, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Brenda Turley
- Neuroscience Program, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Candice Cameron
- Research Pharmacy, Foothills Medical Centre, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Tina Samuel
- Neuroscience Program, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Buchhalter
- Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute and
| | - Lawrence Richer
- Department of Pediatrics and Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Robert Platt
- McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada; and
| | - Roslyn Boyd
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Deborah Dewey
- Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute and.,Departments of Community Health Sciences
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24
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Cheikh M, Makhlouf K, Ghattassi K, Graja A, Ferchichi S, Kallel C, Houda M, Souissi N, Hammouda O. Melatonin ingestion after exhaustive late-evening exercise attenuate muscle damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation during intense short term effort in the following day in teenage athletes. Chronobiol Int 2019; 37:236-247. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2019.1692348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Cheikh
- High institute of sport and physical education Ksar-Said, Manouba university, Manouba, Tunisia
- High institute of sport and physical education, Sfax university, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Khouloud Makhlouf
- High institute of sport and physical education, Sfax university, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Kais Ghattassi
- High institute of sport and physical education, Sfax university, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Graja
- High institute of sport and physical education, Sfax university, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Choumous Kallel
- Hematology Laboratory, Hospital Habib Bourguiba, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mallek Houda
- Hematology Laboratory, Hospital Slim Hadhri, Kerkennah, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nizar Souissi
- High institute of sport and physical education Ksar-Said, Manouba university, Manouba, Tunisia
- Research Unit Physical Activity, Sport and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Omar Hammouda
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity and Health (LINP2-AAPS), UPL, University Paris Nanterre, UFR STAPS, Nanterre, France
- Research Unit, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
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25
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Michurina SV, Ishchenko IY, Korolev MA, Letyagin AY, Rachkovskaya LN, Khotskina AS, Khotskin NV, Maslennikova SO, Zavjalov EL. Effects of Melatonin on the Body Composition, Physical Performance, and Blood Erythrocyte Indexes of C57Bl/6J Mice Exposed to Continuous Illumination. Bull Exp Biol Med 2019; 168:28-32. [PMID: 31741245 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04638-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Male C57Bl/6J mice were exposed to daily 24-h illumination over 14 days and daily intragastrically received melatonin (1 mg/kg) or water (placebo). Controls were kept under standard day/night (14/10 h) conditions. Melatonin prevented the development of anemia in mice exposed to continuous illumination, which was proven by higher blood hemoglobin levels by the end of the experiment in melatonin-treated animals in comparison with the placebo group. Studies by the low-field NMR spectrometry detected lower lean body mass, total body water, and especially, fat content (by ~13%) in animals receiving placebo. Melatonin treatment led to an increase in the lean body mass and total body water on day 7 (in comparison with the placebo group) without affecting fat mass. On day 14 of continuous illumination, lean body mass increased in comparison with the corresponding parameter in the control and placebo groups. Melatonin had no effect on the physical endurance of mice exposed to continuous illumination (assessed by the grid hanging test).
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Michurina
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology, Affiliated Branch of Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - I Yu Ishchenko
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology, Affiliated Branch of Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - M A Korolev
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology, Affiliated Branch of Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A Yu Letyagin
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology, Affiliated Branch of Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - L N Rachkovskaya
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology, Affiliated Branch of Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A S Khotskina
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - N V Khotskin
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - S O Maslennikova
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - E L Zavjalov
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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26
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Verma AK, Singh S, Rizvi SI. Redox homeostasis in a rodent model of circadian disruption: Effect of melatonin supplementation. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 280:97-103. [PMID: 31002824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Continuous light or dark photoperiods are the leading cause of disruption in the circadian rhythm of day-night cycle. The purpose of this study was to understand the cellular redox balance in a model of circadian disrupted rat model and determine the effect of melatonin supplementation. Young male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 4). Group (I): normal day-night (12 h:12 h) cycle, Group (II): normal rats treated with melatonin, Group (III): rats subjected to continuous light exposure (CLE), Group (IV): CLE rats treated with melatonin, and Group (V) Rats subjected to continuous dark. Melatonin (10 mg/kg) was administered orally at dusk to the Group (II) & (IV). Rats were sacrificed after 10 days of treatment and biomarkers of oxidative stress were evaluated. Results demonstrated significant (p < 0.05) increase of malondialdehyde (MDA), plasma membrane redox system (PMRS), protein carbonyl oxidation (PCO), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) during CLE. A significantly (p < 0.05) decreased level of reduced glutathione (GSH) and ferric reducing antioxidant potential in plasma (FRAP) was also observed during CLE. Treatment with melatonin in CLE rats showed reduced level of MDA, PMRS, PCO, AOPPs and AGEs while GSH and FRAP activity were increased. During continuous dark exposure (CDE) the biomarkers of oxidative stress were attenuated compared to control. Supplementation of melatonin could be a promising strategy to maintain redox homeostasis during prolonged condition of light exposure and other conditions of redox imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avnish Kumar Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India
| | - Syed Ibrahim Rizvi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India.
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27
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Czuczejko J, Sielski Ł, Woźniak B, Woźniak A, Szewczyk-Golec K. Melatonin supplementation improves oxidative and inflammatory state in the blood of professional athletes during the preparatory period for competitions. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:198-209. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1563688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Czuczejko
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Oncology Centre prof. Franciszek Łukaszczyk Memorial, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Łukasz Sielski
- Department of Hearing and Vestibular Pathophysiology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum of Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Bartosz Woźniak
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanisław Staszic Specialist Hospital, Piła, Poland
| | - Alina Woźniak
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum of Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Karolina Szewczyk-Golec
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum of Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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28
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Farjallah MA, Hammouda O, Zouch M, Ghattassi K, Graja A, Driss T, Chamari K, Souissi N. Effect of melatonin ingestion on physical performance, metabolic responses, and recovery after an intermittent training session. Physiol Int 2018; 105:358-370. [DOI: 10.1556/2060.105.2018.4.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Objectives
Fatigue is a limiting factor for sport performance. For this reason, optimal recovery after training is just as critical as the training program itself, if not more. Indeed, there is a need for strategies that can facilitate recovery after training, and one such strategy is the ingestion of supplements like melatonin (MEL). This study aimed to evaluate if MEL intake could improve recovery of athletes after an intermittent training session (ITS).
Methods
Fifteen elite female athletes (17.4 ± 0.4 years, 76.4 ± 5.6 kg, 1.76 ± 0.04 m; mean ± standard deviation) participated in two testing campaigns. During each period, they performed a battery of physical and cognitive tests before and after an ITS, as well as after ingesting MEL (6 mg tablet) or placebo in a randomized design. The ITS comprised the modified agility T-test, squat jump, counter movement jump, maximum standing ball-throw velocity test, maximum jump ball-throw velocity test, and 20-m sprint. Oral temperature (OT) and vigilance were evaluated before and after the ITS. Rating of perceived exertion (RPE), blood lactate [La], and glucose [Gl] were recorded after each ITS.
Results
Short-term performance, recovery of physical performance, and OT were not affected by MEL ingestion after the ITS. Moreover, MEL did not affect cognitive performance or RPE scores after the ITS. However, [La] and [Gl] (p < 0.05 for both) were decreased after MEL ingestion.
Conclusion
MEL has no effect on the recovery of physical performance but may affect glucose utilization and lactate metabolism during the team-handball training session.
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Affiliation(s)
- MA Farjallah
- 1 High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Manouba University, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - O Hammouda
- 2 Research Center on Sport and Movement (Centre de Recherches sur le Sport et le Mouvement, CeRSM), UPL, Université Paris Nanterre, UFR STAPS, Nanterre, France
| | - M Zouch
- 3 Research Unit: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, UR15JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - K Ghattassi
- 1 High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Manouba University, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - A Graja
- 1 High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Manouba University, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - T Driss
- 2 Research Center on Sport and Movement (Centre de Recherches sur le Sport et le Mouvement, CeRSM), UPL, Université Paris Nanterre, UFR STAPS, Nanterre, France
| | - K Chamari
- 4 Athlete Health and Performance Research Center ASPETAR, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - N Souissi
- 5 National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
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29
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Farjallah MA, Hammouda O, Ben Mahmoud L, Graja A, Ghattassi K, Boudaya M, Jammoussi K, Sahnoun Z, Souissi N. Melatonin supplementation ameliorates oxidative stress, antioxidant status and physical performances recovery during a soccer training camp. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2018.1533749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Omar Hammouda
- Research Center on Sport and Movement (Centre de Recherches sur le Sport et le Mouvement, CeRSM), UPL, Univ Paris Nanterre, UFR STAPS, Nanterre, France
- Faculty of medicine of Sfax, Research Unit, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Lobna Ben Mahmoud
- Faculty of Medicine, pharmacology department., Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Graja
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Manouba University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Kais Ghattassi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Manouba University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mariem Boudaya
- Biochemistry Laboratory, CHU Hedi Chaker, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Jammoussi
- Biochemistry Laboratory, CHU Hedi Chaker, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Zouheir Sahnoun
- Faculty of Medicine, pharmacology department., Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nizar Souissi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Manouba University, Tunis, Tunisia
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30
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Li RX, Li J, Zhang SY, Mi YL, Zhang CQ. Attenuating effect of melatonin on lipopolysaccharide-induced chicken small intestine inflammation. Poult Sci 2018; 97:2295-2302. [PMID: 29596657 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Enriched melatonin (MEL) has been found in the mammalian intestine and has been recently demonstrated to alleviate rodent colitis. In this study, the effect of MEL on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal inflammations was investigated in new chicken hatchlings. The chicks were fed with a diet supplemented with MEL (12.5 mg/day) from D1 to D10. Meanwhile, the chicks in the LPS or MEL + LPS groups were injected with LPS (10 mg/kg BW, i.p.) at D10. LPS treatment for 6 h increased the expression of IL-6, IL-4, caspase-3 mRNAs and TUNEL-positive cell populations, but decreased populations of the goblet and PCNA+ cells, IgA production and the expression of MUC2 mRNA in the duodenum. Compared with the LPS group, MEL pre-feeding alleviated duodenal inflammation and decreased the expression of TNF-α mRNAs by 23.6% (P = 0.004), IL-6 mRNAs by 69.4% (P = 0.001), IL-4 mRNAs by 4.1% (P = 0.824) and caspase-3 mRNAs by 45.8% (P < 0.001). Conversely, MEL pre-feeding attenuated the LPS-induced changes of IgA production by 161.6% (P = 0.013) and PCNA+ cell populations by 172.1% (P < 0.001) in the duodenum. TLR4 mRNA was also up-regulated by LPS treatment but down-regulated by MEL pre-feeding. In conclusion, dietary MEL could attenuate LPS-induced chick duodenal inflammation by down-regulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines, promoting epithelial cell proliferation, improving the immunological barrier and inhibiting epithelial apoptosis via the mediation of TLR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- R X Li
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - S Y Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Y L Mi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - C Q Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Beck WR, Messias LHD, Silva FCD, Manchado-Gobatto FB, Gobatto CA. Acute melatonin administration enhances aerobic tolerance: an analysis of biochemical and hematological parameters. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574201800010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wladimir Rafael Beck
- Faculdade Einstein de Limeira, Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Brazil
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Truter D, Chellan N, Strijdom H, Webster I, Rawstorne J, Kotzé SH. Histomorphological changes in the pancreas and kidney and histopathological changes in the liver in male Wistar rats on antiretroviral therapy and melatonin treatment. Acta Histochem 2018; 120:347-355. [PMID: 29605225 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has shown to cause inflammation, cellular injury and oxidative stress, whereas melatonin has been successful in reducing these effects. The aim of the study was to determine potential morphometric changes caused by cART in combination with melatonin supplementation in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-free rats. Tissue samples (N = 40) of the pancreas, liver and kidney from a control (C/ART-/M-), cART group (C/ART + ), melatonin (C/M + ) and experimental group (ART+/M + ) were collected and stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and evaluated for histopathology. The pancreata were labelled with anti-insulin and anti-glucagon to determine α- and β-cell regions. Kidneys were stained with periodic acid Schiff (PAS) to measure the area, perimeter, diameter and radius of renal corpuscles, glomeruli and proximal convoluted tubules (PCTs). Blood tests were conducted to determine hepatotoxicity. No significant changes in histopathology were seen. Melatonin stimulated pancreatic islet abundance, as the number of islets per mm2 was significantly higher in the C/M+ than in the C/ART-/M- and ART+/M+. Parameters of the renal corpuscle, glomeruli, renal space and PCTs were significantly lower in the C/ART+ compared to the other groups, thus cART may have caused tubular dysfunction or cellular damage. A significant increase in serum haemoglobin was observed in the C/ART+ compared to the C/ART-, which showed cART increases serum haemoglobin in the absence of immune deficiency. Serum lipids were significantly decreased in the C/M+ compared to the C/ART-, possibly due to the effect of melatonin on the decrease of lipolysis, decreasing effect on cholesterol absorption and stimulation of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that melatonin stimulated α-cell production, increased the number of pancreatic islets and caused a decrease in total lipids, whereas cART increased serum haemoglobin and decreased various parameters of the nephron in an HIV-free rat model, suggestive of tubular dysfunction.
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33
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Rahimi R. Effect of resistance exercise on oxidative DNA damage and lipid peroxidation in trained and untrained men. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-016-0342-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Beck WR, Botezelli JD, Pauli JR, Ropelle ER, Gobatto CA. Melatonin Has An Ergogenic Effect But Does Not Prevent Inflammation and Damage In Exhaustive Exercise. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18065. [PMID: 26669455 PMCID: PMC4680866 DOI: 10.1038/srep18065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well documented that exhaustive physical exercise leads to inflammation and skeletal muscle tissue damage. With this in mind, melatonin has been acutely administered before physical exercise; nevertheless, the use of melatonin as an ergogenic agent to prevent tissue inflammation and damage remains uncertain. We evaluated the effects of melatonin on swimming performance, muscle inflammation and damage and several physiological parameters after exhaustive exercise at anaerobic threshold intensity (iLAn) performed during light or dark circadian periods. The iLAn was individually determined and two days later, the animals performed an exhaustive exercise bout at iLAn 30 minutes after melatonin administration. The exercise promoted muscle inflammation and damage, mainly during the dark period, and the exogenous melatonin promoted a high ergogenic effect. The expressive ergogenic effect of melatonin leads to longer periods of muscle contraction, which superimposes a possible melatonin protective effect on the tissue damage and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wladimir Rafael Beck
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, Department of Sport Sciences, University of Campinas, Pedro Zaccaria Street, 1.300, Jardim Santa Luíza-Postal Code 13484-350-Limeira-São Paulo
| | - José Diego Botezelli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Applied Sciences, Department of Sport Sciences, University of Campinas, Pedro Zaccaria Street, 1.300, Jardim Santa Luíza-Postal Code 13484-350-Limeira-São Paulo
| | - José Rodrigo Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Applied Sciences, Department of Sport Sciences, University of Campinas, Pedro Zaccaria Street, 1.300, Jardim Santa Luíza-Postal Code 13484-350-Limeira-São Paulo
| | - Eduardo Rochete Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Applied Sciences, Department of Sport Sciences, University of Campinas, Pedro Zaccaria Street, 1.300, Jardim Santa Luíza-Postal Code 13484-350-Limeira-São Paulo
| | - Claudio Alexandre Gobatto
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, Department of Sport Sciences, University of Campinas, Pedro Zaccaria Street, 1.300, Jardim Santa Luíza-Postal Code 13484-350-Limeira-São Paulo
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36
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Borges LDS, Dermargos A, da Silva Junior EP, Weimann E, Lambertucci RH, Hatanaka E. Melatonin decreases muscular oxidative stress and inflammation induced by strenuous exercise and stimulates growth factor synthesis. J Pineal Res 2015; 58:166-72. [PMID: 25546615 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Strenuous exercise is detrimental to athletes because of the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. Melatonin, a classic antioxidant, has been shown to exhibit beneficial effects regarding intense exercise and tissue repair. In this study, we evaluated the onset and resolution of inflammation in melatonin-treated and nontreated rats subjected to a strenuous exercise session. We also analyzed the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Control and treated rats were subjected to exhaustive exercise after a period of 10 days of melatonin treatment (20 mg/dL). Plasma and muscle levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-2-alpha/beta (CINC-2α/β), l-selectin, macrophage inflammatory protein-3-alpha (MIP-3α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured prior to, immediately after, and 2 hr after exercise. Our data revealed decreases in the muscle concentrations of IL-1β (35%), TNF-α (13%), IL-6 (48%), and TBARS (40%) in the melatonin-treated group compared with the control group. We also observed decreases in the plasma concentrations of IL-1β (17%) in the melatonin-treated group. VEGF-α concentrations and SOD activity increased by 179% and 22%, respectively, in the melatonin-treated group compared with the control group. We concluded that muscle inflammation and oxidative stress resulting from exhaustive exercise were less severe in the muscles of melatonin-treated animals than in the muscles of control animals. Thus, melatonin treatment may reverse exercise-induced skeletal muscle inflammation and stimulate growth factor synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro da Silva Borges
- Institute of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Sinkalu VO, Ayo JO, Adelaiye AB, Hambolu JO. Ameliorative effects of melatonin administration and photoperiods on diurnal fluctuations in cloacal temperature of Marshall broiler chickens during the hot dry season. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2015; 59:79-87. [PMID: 24748234 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-014-0826-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Experiments were performed with the aim of determining the effect of melatonin administration on diurnal fluctuations in cloacal temperature (CT) of Marshall broiler chickens during the hot dry season. Birds in group I (12L:12D cycle) were raised under natural photoperiod of 12-h light and 12-h darkness, without melatonin supplementation, while those in group II (LL) were kept under 24-h continuous lighting, without melatonin administration. Broiler chickens in group III (LL + melatonin) were raised under 24-h continuous lighting, with melatonin supplementation at 0.5 mg/kg per os. The cloacal temperatures of 15 labeled broiler chickens from each group were measured at 6:00, 13:00, and 19:00 h, 7 days apart, from days 14-42. Temperature-humidity index was highest at day 14 of the study, with the value of 36.72 ± 0.82 °C but lowest at day 28 with the value of 30.91 ± 0.80 °C (P < 0.0001). The overall mean hourly cloacal temperature value of 41.51 ± 0.03 °C obtained in the 12L:12D cycle birds was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than the value of 41.16 ± 0.03 °C recorded in the melatonin-treated group but lower than that of 41.65 ± 0.03 °C obtained in the LL birds. Mortality due to hyperthermia commenced at day 28 in both 12L:12D cycle and LL broiler chickens but was delayed till day 42 in LL + MEL broiler chickens. In conclusion, melatonin administration alleviated the deleterious effects of heat stress on broiler chickens by maintaining their cloacal temperature at relatively low values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor O Sinkalu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 2222, Kaduna State, Nigeria,
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Cai ZY, Wen-Chyuan Chen K, Wen HJ. Effects of a Group-Based Step Aerobics Training on Sleep Quality and Melatonin Levels in Sleep-Impaired Postmenopausal Women. J Strength Cond Res 2014; 28:2597-603. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000000428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Navarro-Alarcón M, Ruiz-Ojeda FJ, Blanca-Herrera RM, A-Serrano MM, Acuña-Castroviejo D, Fernández-Vázquez G, Agil A. Melatonin and metabolic regulation: a review. Food Funct 2014; 5:2806-32. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00317a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Ghattassi K, Graja A, Hammouda O, Chtourou H, Boudhina N, Chaouachi A, Souissi N. Effect of nocturnal melatonin ingestion on short-term anaerobic performance in soccer players. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2014.929853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Barlow KM, Brooks BL, MacMaster FP, Kirton A, Seeger T, Esser M, Crawford S, Nettel-Aguirre A, Zemek R, Angelo M, Kirk V, Emery CA, Johnson D, Hill MD, Buchhalter J, Turley B, Richer L, Platt R, Hutchison J, Dewey D. A double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention trial of 3 and 10 mg sublingual melatonin for post-concussion syndrome in youths (PLAYGAME): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2014; 15:271. [PMID: 25001947 PMCID: PMC4227124 DOI: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background By the age of sixteen, one in five children will sustain a mild traumatic brain injury also known as concussion. Our research found that one in seven school children with mild traumatic brain injury suffer post-concussion syndrome symptoms for three months or longer. Post-concussion syndrome is associated with significant disability in the child and his/her family and yet there are no evidence-based medical treatments available. Melatonin has several potential mechanisms of action that could be useful following mild traumatic brain injury, including neuroprotective effects. The aim of this study is to determine if treatment with melatonin improves post-concussion syndrome in youths following mild traumatic brain injury. Our hypothesis is that treatment of post-concussion syndrome following mild traumatic brain injury with 3 or 10 mg of sublingual melatonin for 28 days will result in a decrease in post-concussion syndrome symptoms compared with placebo. Methods/Design Ninety-nine youths with mild traumatic brain injury, aged between 13 and 18 years, who are symptomatic at 30 days post-injury will be recruited. This study will be conducted as a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled superiority trial of melatonin. Three parallel treatment groups will be examined with a 1:1:1 allocation: sublingual melatonin 3 mg, sublingual melatonin 10 mg, and sublingual placebo. Participants will receive treatment for 28 days. The primary outcome is a change on the Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory (Parent and Youth). The secondary outcomes will include neurobehavioral function, health-related quality of life and sleep. Neurophysiological and structural markers of change, using magnetic resonance imaging techniques and transcranial magnetic stimulation, will also be investigated. Discussion Melatonin is a safe and well-tolerated agent that has many biological properties that may be useful following a traumatic brain injury. This study will determine whether it is a useful treatment for children with post-concussion syndrome. Recruitment commenced on 4 December 2014. Trial registration This trial was registered on 6 June 2013 at ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration number: NCT01874847.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Barlow
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Room 293, Heritage Medical Research Building 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.
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Maldonado M, Garcia-Moreno H, Calvo J. Melatonin protects mast cells against cytotoxicity mediated by chemical stimuli PMACI: Possible clinical use. J Neuroimmunol 2013; 262:62-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2013.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 06/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Garcia-Moreno H, Calvo JR, Maldonado MD. High levels of melatonin generated during the brewing process. J Pineal Res 2013; 55:26-30. [PMID: 23607887 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Beer is a beverage consumed worldwide. It is produced from cereals (barley or wheat) and contains a wide array of bioactive phytochemicals and nutraceutical compounds. Specifically, high melatonin concentrations have been found in beer. Beers with high alcohol content are those that present the greatest concentrations of melatonin and vice versa. In this study, gel filtration chromatography and ELISA were combined for melatonin determination. We brewed beer to determine, for the first time, the beer production steps in which melatonin appears. We conclude that the barley, which is malted and ground in the early process, and the yeast, during the second fermentation, are the largest contributors to the enrichment of the beer with melatonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Garcia-Moreno
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of Seville Medical School, Sevilla, Spain
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