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Ghasemzadeh F, Mortazavi N, Mallahi M, Gharib MH, Behnampour N, Badeleh MT, Asgari N. Association between psychological stress and mandibular condyle structure: an analytical cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:563. [PMID: 39030530 PMCID: PMC11264819 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07692-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The potential influence of psychological factors on temporomandibular joint disorders has been clinically documented. To date, all research examining the impact of psychological stress on the temporomandibular joint has been conducted on animals. This study aims to explore the relationship between psychological stress and the structure of the human mandibular condyle. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed on individuals, who were referred to the radiology division of 5th Azar Hospital for head and neck Computed Tomography (CT) scans. All participants completed a perceived stress questionnaire to determine their level of stress. Bone density and cortical bone thickness were measured as indicators of mandibular condyle structure. Based on multi-slice CT scan data, bone density was calculated in the anterior, middle, and posterior mandibular condyle. The cortical bone thickness was also measured at the anterior and posterior mandibular condyle. Statistical analysis was performed in R 4.0.2 software. RESULTS Seventy individuals, aged 18-59 years, participated in this study. The CT scans revealed a decrease in Hounsfield units (HU) and bone mineral density (BMD) in both the anterior and posterior regions. However, in the high-stress group, there was no significant difference in cortical bone thickness in the anterior and posterior regions of the condyle, nor in HU and BMD in the middle region of the condyle. An inverse correlation was observed between BMD and perceived stress in the anterior, middle, and posterior regions of both condyles. CONCLUSION The current findings indicate that recent psychological stress is associated with changes in the structure of the condyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ghasemzadeh
- Dental Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Nazanin Mortazavi
- Dental Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Mysa Mallahi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hadi Gharib
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, 5th Azar Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Naser Behnampour
- Health Management and Social Development Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Badeleh
- Department of Psychology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Negar Asgari
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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Dutra Dias H, Botelho AL, Bortoloti R, Dos Reis AC. Neuroscience contributes to the understanding of the neurobiology of temporomandibular disorders associated with stress and anxiety. Cranio 2024; 42:439-444. [PMID: 34515609 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2021.1977901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review proposes a neurobiological model for temporomandibular disorders (TMD) associated with stress and anxiety. METHODS An electronic search was performed in the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Articles published up to 2020 were selected. The search terms were the following: temporomandibular disorders, anxiety, stress, neurobiology of stress and anxiety, and orofacial pain. RESULTS In total, there were 100 studies, which presented a total of 10 different analyses. The results were described, demonstrating the type of analysis that was performed on each item analyzed for a better understanding of the context. CONCLUSION The conclusion is that the interactions between the masticatory system, temporomandibular joints (TMJs), and stomatognathic apparatus with "stress neuromatrix," "pain neuromatrix," "limbic system," and "neuroimmunoendocrine system" would produce the range of changes observed in neural connectivity and the diversity of symptoms presented in TMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroldo Dutra Dias
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy and Human Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (Ufmg), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - André Luís Botelho
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo (Usp), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Renato Bortoloti
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy and Human Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (Ufmg), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Andréa Cândido Dos Reis
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo (Usp), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Songphaeng T, Lapmanee S, Bhubhanil S, Momdee K, Rojviriya C, Kitsahawong K, Chailertvanitkul P, Welbat JU, Morkmued S. Atomoxetine and escitalopram migrate the derangement of the temporomandibular joint morphologic and histologic changes in rats exposed to stress-induced depression. J Oral Sci 2023; 65:219-225. [PMID: 37518767 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.23-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this in vivo study was to determine the effects of stress-induced depression and antidepressants on depressive-like behavior, microstructure, and histomorphology of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) using rats. METHODS Experimentally induced depression in rats was created before being treated with two antidepressants; escitalopram (selective-serotonin-reuptake inhibitors) and atomoxetine (norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors). Micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) was performed to measure the change in bone volume and bone porosity of the condyle. Further histological evaluation of the condylar cartilage was performed. RESULTS Micro-CT scanning revealed a decrease in bone volume in the depression group. The bone porosity percentage significantly increased in both the escitalopram and atomoxetine groups compared with the control group and the depression group. Histopathological analysis showed increased thickness of cartilage layers in the depression group. In the atomoxetine group, there was a significant increase in the pre-hypertrophic and hypertrophic layer thickness and cell count, but a significant decrease in proteoglycans. CONCLUSION The present study findings indicated the change in TMJ characteristics, especially on the superficial part of the condylar head in the depression group. Concerning the applicability of the different antidepressants, depression with the treatment of atomoxetine has the most disadvantages due to bone porosity and cartilaginous condyle changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanatta Songphaeng
- Faculty of Dentistry, Pediatrics Division, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Khon Kaen University
| | - Sarawut Lapmanee
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Siam University
| | - Sakkarin Bhubhanil
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Siam University
| | - Kamonchanok Momdee
- Faculty of Dentistry, Pediatrics Division, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Khon Kaen University
| | | | - Kemporn Kitsahawong
- Faculty of Dentistry, Pediatrics Division, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Khon Kaen University
| | | | - Jariya U Welbat
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Khon Kaen University
| | - Supawich Morkmued
- Faculty of Dentistry, Pediatrics Division, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Khon Kaen University
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Chung MK, Wang S, Alshanqiti I, Hu J, Ro JY. The degeneration-pain relationship in the temporomandibular joint: Current understandings and rodent models. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2023; 4:1038808. [PMID: 36846071 PMCID: PMC9947567 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1038808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) represent a group of musculoskeletal conditions involving the temporomandibular joints (TMJ), the masticatory muscles and associated structures. Painful TMD are highly prevalent and conditions afflict 4% of US adults annually. TMD include heterogenous musculoskeletal pain conditions, such as myalgia, arthralgia, and myofascial pain. A subpopulations of TMD patients show structural changes in TMJ, including disc displacement or degenerative joint diseases (DJD). DJD is a slowly progressing, degenerative disease of the TMJ characterized by cartilage degradation and subchondral bone remodeling. Patients with DJD often develop pain (TMJ osteoarthritis; TMJ OA), but do not always have pain (TMJ osteoarthrosis). Therefore, pain symptoms are not always associated with altered TMJ structures, which suggests that a causal relationship between TMJ degeneration and pain is unclear. Multiple animal models have been developed for determining altered joint structure and pain phenotypes in response to various TMJ injuries. Rodent models of TMJOA and pain include injections to induce inflammation or cartilage destruction, sustained opening of the oral cavity, surgical resection of the articular disc, transgenic approaches to knockout or overexpress key genes, and an integrative approach with superimposed emotional stress or comorbidities. In rodents, TMJ pain and degeneration occur during partially overlapping time periods in these models, which suggests that common biological factors may mediate TMJ pain and degeneration over different time courses. While substances such as intra-articular pro-inflammatory cytokines commonly cause pain and joint degeneration, it remains unclear whether pain or nociceptive activities are causally associated with structural degeneration of TMJ and whether structural degeneration of TMJ is necessary for producing persistent pain. A thorough understanding of the determining factors of pain-structure relationships of TMJ during the onset, progression, and chronification by adopting novel approaches and models should improve the ability to simultaneously treat TMJ pain and TMJ degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Kyo Chung
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, School of Dentistry, Program in Neuroscience, Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Xiang T, Tao ZY, Liao LF, Wang S, Cao DY. Animal Models of Temporomandibular Disorder. J Pain Res 2021; 14:1415-1430. [PMID: 34079358 PMCID: PMC8166243 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s303536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a group of diseases in the oral and maxillofacial region that can manifest as acute or chronic persistent pain, affecting millions of people worldwide. Although hundreds of studies have explored mechanisms and treatments underlying TMD, multiple pathogenic factors and diverse clinical manifestations make it still poorly managed. Appropriate animal models are helpful to study the pathogenesis of TMD and explore effective treatment measures. At present, due to the high cost of obtaining large animals, rodents and rabbits are often used to prepare TMD animal models. Over the past decade, various animal models have been intensively developed to understand neurobiological and molecular mechanisms of TMD, and seek effective treatments. Although these models cannot carry out all clinical features, they are valuable in revealing the mechanisms of TMD and creating curative access. Currently, there are multitudinous animal models of TMD research. They can be constructed in different means and summarized into four ways according to the various causes and symptoms, including chemical induction (intra-articular injection of ovalbumin, collagenase, formalin, vascular endothelial growth factor, intramuscular injection of complete Freund’s adjuvant, etc.), mechanical stress stimulation (passive mouth opening, change of chewing load), surgical operation (partial disc resection, joint disc perforation) and psychological stress induction. Here, we summarize and discuss different approaches of animal models for determining neurophysiological and mechanical mechanisms of TMD and assess their advantages and limitations, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Research Center of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthodontics, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo-Ying Tao
- Discipline of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Fan Liao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Research Center of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Yuan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Research Center of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
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Camcı H, Doruk C, Ünver Saraydın S. Effect of Strontium Ranelate on Condylar Growth during Mandibular Advancement in Rats. Turk J Orthod 2021; 33:216-223. [PMID: 33447464 DOI: 10.5152/turkjorthod.2020.20014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective Strontium ranelate (SR), unlike other anti-osteoporotic agents, might not only prevent bone resorption but also might induce bone formation. The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the effects of systemic SR on condylar growth during mandibular advancement (MA) in growing rats. Methods Fifty-six, 8-week-old Wistar male rats weighting 160-190 g were randomly divided into four groups; one control (n=14) and three experimental (n=14). Group 1: Control group, Group 2: SR (900mg/kg daily dose), Group 3: MA, Group 4: SR +MA. The amount and direction of mandibular growth were assessed by linear measurements on the computed tomography (CT) images taken on days 1, 15, and 30. For immunohistochemical evaluation, half of the subjects in the groups were sacrificed on the 15th day (early phase) and the rest of them on the 30th day (late phase). New cartilage and bone formation areas on the condyle were analyzed by using Sox9 and Osteopontin antibodies. Results Early and late CT images measurements showed no significant difference between the groups (p<0.05). However, there were significant differences between the control and experimental groups in the immunohistochemical assessment. Severe immunolocalization of SOX9 and Osteopontin was observed in Group 4, while the immunolocalization scores were moderate in Group 2 and Group 3. In addition, early histological findings were similar to late results in all groups. Conclusion In mandibular advancement therapy, Strontium ranelate could be therapeutically effective in avoiding relapse and reducing the duration of retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Camcı
- Department of Orthodontics, Afyonkarahisar Sağlık Bilimleri University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Cenk Doruk
- Department of Orthodontics, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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Lekvijittada K, Hosomichi J, Maeda H, Hong H, Changsiripun C, Kuma YI, Oishi S, Suzuki JI, Yoshida KI, Ono T. Intermittent hypoxia inhibits mandibular cartilage growth with reduced TGF-β and SOX9 expressions in neonatal rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1140. [PMID: 33441835 PMCID: PMC7806651 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80303-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermittent hypoxia (IH) has been associated with skeletal growth. However, the influence of IH on cartilage growth and metabolism is unknown. We compared the effects of IH on chondrocyte proliferation and maturation in the mandibular condyle fibrocartilage and tibial hyaline cartilage of 1-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were exposed to normoxic air (n = 9) or IH at 20 cycles/h (nadir, 4% O2; peak, 21% O2; 0% CO2) (n = 9) for 8 h each day. IH impeded body weight gain, but not tibial elongation. IH also increased cancellous bone mineral and volumetric bone mineral densities in the mandibular condylar head. The mandibular condylar became thinner, but the tibial cartilage did not. IH reduced maturative and increased hypertrophic chondrocytic layers of the middle and posterior mandibular cartilage. PCR showed that IH shifted proliferation and maturation in mandibular condyle fibrocartilage toward hypertrophic differentiation and ossification by downregulating TGF-β and SOX9, and upregulating collagen X. These effects were absent in the tibial growth plate hyaline cartilage. Our results showed that neonatal rats exposed to IH displayed underdeveloped mandibular ramus/condyles, while suppression of chondrogenesis marker expression was detected in the growth-restricted condylar cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kochakorn Lekvijittada
- Department of Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan.,Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Hosomichi
- Department of Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan. .,Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Maeda
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haixin Hong
- Department of Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan.,Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chidsanu Changsiripun
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yo-Ichiro Kuma
- Department of Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Shuji Oishi
- Department of Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Suzuki
- Department of Advanced Clinical Science and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yoshida
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Ono
- Department of Orthodontic Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
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Lin SL, Wu SL, Huang HT, Lung FW, Chi TC, Yang JW. Can a 10-Minute Questionnaire Identify Significant Psychological Issues in Patients With Temporomandibular Joint Disease? J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 75:1856-1865. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2017.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Tang X, Li J, Jiang T, Han SH, Yao DY. Experimental occlusal disharmony - A promoting factor for anxiety in rats under chronic psychological stress. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2017; 75:165-175. [PMID: 28185964 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Clinically, patients under chronic psychological stress (PS) appear to be more susceptible to occlusal disharmony (OD) compared with those without PS. OD was proved to introduce anxiety-like stress. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to investigate whether OD would affect psychological stress-induced anxiety and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS Chronic PS was induced by a communication box, and OD was produced by bonding a 0.3mm-thick crown on the right maxillary first molar of male Sprague-Dawley rats. Sixty-seven rats were randomly divided into 8 groups: (A) chronic PS plus OD group (n=6); (B) chronic PS plus sham OD group (n=6); (C) chronic PS only group (n=6); (D) OD group (n=6); (E) sham OD group (n=6); (F) control group (n=6); (G) naive group (n=6); (H) foot-shock group (n=25). Open-field test (OFT) and elevated plus maze test (EPM) were conducted on the 7th, 21th, 35th day to measure the anxiety level of each group except naive and foot-shock group. In addition, corticosterone (CORT) level in serum, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) expressions in prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampal CA1 and dentate gyrus (DG) areas were measured on the 35th day to elucidate the mechanism(s) by which the exacerbation occurred. RESULTS The significant differences in OFT and EPM tests on day 21 or day 35 between groups (p<0.01) indicated the successful establishment of animal model of PS or OD. And there was a significant increase in CORT concentration in serum (p<0.01), 5-HT expressions in PFC, hippocampal DG areas and 5-HT2AR expressions in PFC, hippocampal CA1 areas (p<0.05) in group A, B, C, D compared with group F. Similar results were also found in group A, B, C, D when compared with group G (p<0.05) except 5-HT expression in DG area in group C and D (p>0.05), together with a gradual decrease in values of all the parameters mentioned above from group A to group G. CONCLUSION The significant changes in exploratory behaviors, serum CORT concentration, 5-HT and 5-HT2AR expressions induced by OD in rats with or without chronic PS, and more obvious alterations in rats with chronic PS, may indicate that OD may be a promoting factor for anxiety through both peripheral and central pathways via the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and 5-HT system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Tang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ting Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shu-Hui Han
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Yuan Yao
- Jiangxi Mental Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
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Kaur H, Uludağ H, Dederich DN, El-Bialy T. Effect of Increasing Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound and a Functional Appliance on the Mandibular Condyle in Growing Rats. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2017; 36:109-120. [PMID: 27925675 DOI: 10.7863/ultra.15.06063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Functional appliances are used for treatment of lower-jaw deficiencies in growing individuals; however, their effectiveness is debatable. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (US) is a noninvasive method, which has been shown to stimulate cartilage and bone formation with 20 minutes of application. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that increasing low-intensity pulsed US application from 20 to 40 min/d will enhance mandibular condylar growth in growing rats, especially when combined with a functional appliance. METHODS Fifty-four Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups (n = 9): control, low-intensity pulsed US for 20 minutes, low-intensity pulsed US for 40 minutes, the functional appliance, the functional appliance plus low-intensity pulsed US for 20 minutes, and the functional appliance plus low-intensity pulsed US for 40 minutes. Low-intensity pulsed US was applied for 28 days. All rats were then euthanized, and their mandibles were dissected for morphometric, histomorphometric, and micro-computed tomographic analyses. RESULTS Among all study groups, the 20-minute US group showed significant increases in most of the measured variables (P < .05) except for condylar process length (P = .18), whereas the functional appliance-plus-40-min US group showed the least favorable results. The 20-minute US group showed increases in proliferative and hypertrophic cell counts and widths and enhanced microarchitecture of trabecular bone compared with the 40-minute US group. The functional appliance-plus-20-minute US group showed better results compared with the functional appliance-alone and functional appliance-plus-40-minute US groups. CONCLUSIONS A daily application of low-intensity pulsed US for 20 minutes in growing rats affects mandibular growth, either alone or in combination with a functional appliance. Further study with a longer observation period is required to study the long-term effects and stability of newly formed bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmanpreet Kaur
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Medical Science Graduate Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Douglas N Dederich
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tarek El-Bialy
- Departments of Dentistry and Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Mirahmadi F, Koolstra JH, Lobbezoo F, van Lenthe GH, Everts V. Ex vivo thickness measurement of cartilage covering the temporomandibular joint. J Biomech 2016; 52:165-168. [PMID: 28069164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage covers the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and provides smooth and nearly frictionless articulation while distributing mechanical loads to the subchondral bone. The thickness of the cartilage is considered to be an indicator of the stage of development, maturation, aging, loading history, and disease. The aim of our study was to develop a method for ex vivo assessment of the thickness of the cartilage that covers the TMJ and to compare that with two other existing methods. Eight porcine TMJ condyles were used to measure cartilage thickness. Three different methods were employed: needle penetration, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), and histology; the latter was considered the gold standard. Histology and micro-CT scanning results showed no significant differences between thicknesses throughout the condyle. Needle penetration produced significantly higher values than histology, in the lateral and anterior regions. All three methods showed the anterior region to be thinner than the other regions. We concluded that overestimated thickness by the needle penetration is caused by the penetration of the needle through the first layer of subchondral bone, in which mineralization is less than in deeper layers. Micro-CT scanning method was found to be a valid method to quantify the thickness of the cartilage, and has the advantage of being non-destructive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Mirahmadi
- Department of Oral Cell Biology and Functional Anatomy, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Biomechanics Section, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Harm Koolstra
- Department of Oral Cell Biology and Functional Anatomy, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Frank Lobbezoo
- MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Oral Kinesiology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G Harry van Lenthe
- Biomechanics Section, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vincent Everts
- Department of Oral Cell Biology and Functional Anatomy, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Liang W, Li X, Gao B, Gan H, Lin X, Liao L, Li C. Observing the development of the temporomandibular joint in embryonic and post-natal mice using various staining methods. Exp Ther Med 2015; 11:481-489. [PMID: 26893634 PMCID: PMC4734204 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a specialized synovial joint that is essential for the movement and function of the mammalian jaw. The TMJ develops from two mesenchymal condensations, and is composed of the glenoid fossa that originates from the otic capsule by intramembranous ossification, the mandibular condyle of the temporal bone and a fibrocartilagenous articular disc derived from a secondary cartilaginous joint by endochondral ossification. However, the development of the TMJ remains unclear. In the present study, the formation and development of the mouse TMJ was investigated between embryonic day 13.5 and post-natal day 180 in order to elucidate the morphological and molecular alterations that occur during this period. TMJ formation appeared to proceed in three stages: Initiation or blastema stage; growth and cavitation stage; and the maturation or completion stage. In order to investigate the activity of certain transcription factors on TMJ formation and development, the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM), sex determining region Y-box 9, runt-related transcription factor 2, Indian hedgehog homolog, Osterix, collagen I, collagen II, aggrecan, total matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), MMP-9 and MMP-13 were detected in the TMJ using in situ and/or immunohistochemistry. The results indicate that the transcription factors, ECM and MMP serve critical functions in the formation and development of the mouse TMJ. In summary, the development of the mouse TMJ was investigated, and the molecular regulation of mouse TMJ formation was partially characterized. The results of the present study may aid the systematic understanding of the physiological processes underlying TMJ formation and development in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenna Liang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Xihai Li
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Institute of Bone Diseases, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Bizhen Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Huijuan Gan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Xuejuan Lin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Linghong Liao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Candong Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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Chauhan E, Bali A, Singh N, Jaggi AS. Pharmacological investigations on cross adaptation in mice subjected to stress immobilization. Life Sci 2015; 127:98-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Investigation of microstructure of bone tissue in mandibles of newborn rats after maternal treatment with antiretroviral drugs. Biocybern Biomed Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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