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Fouesnard M, Zoppi J, Petera M, Le Gleau L, Migné C, Devime F, Durand S, Benani A, Chaffron S, Douard V, Boudry G. Dietary switch to Western diet induces hypothalamic adaptation associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis in rats. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:1271-1283. [PMID: 33714973 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00796-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early hyperphagia and hypothalamic inflammation encountered after Western diet (WD) are linked to rodent propensity to obesity. Inflammation in several brain structures has been associated with gut dysbiosis. Since gut microbiota is highly sensitive to dietary changes, we hypothesised that immediate gut microbiota adaptation to WD in rats is involved in inflammation-related hypothalamic modifications. METHODS We evaluated short-term impact of WD consumption (2 h, 1, 2 and 4 days) on hypothalamic metabolome and caecal microbiota composition and metabolome. Data integration analyses were performed to uncover potential relationships among these three datasets. Finally, changes in hypothalamic gene expression in absence of gut microbiota were evaluated in germ-free rats fed WD for 2 days. RESULTS WD quickly and profoundly affected the levels of several hypothalamic metabolites, especially oxidative stress markers. In parallel, WD consumption reduced caecal microbiota diversity, modified its composition towards pro-inflammatory profile and changed caecal metabolome. Data integration identified strong correlations between gut microbiota sub-networks, unidentified caecal metabolites and hypothalamic oxidative stress metabolites. Germ-free rats displayed reduced energy intake and no changes in redox homoeostasis machinery expression or pro-inflammatory cytokines after 2 days of WD, in contrast to conventional rats, which exhibited increased SOD2, GLRX and IL-6 mRNA levels. CONCLUSION A potentially pro-inflammatory gut microbiota and an early hypothalamic oxidative stress appear shortly after WD introduction. Tripartite data integration highlighted putative links between gut microbiota sub-networks and hypothalamic oxidative stress. Together with the absence of hypothalamic modifications in germ-free rats, this strongly suggests the involvement of the microbiota-hypothalamus axis in rat adaptation to WD introduction and in energy homoeostasis regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mélanie Petera
- Clermont Auvergne University, INRAE, UNH, Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme, MetaboHUB Clermont, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Léa Le Gleau
- Institut MICALIS, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Carole Migné
- Clermont Auvergne University, INRAE, UNH, Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme, MetaboHUB Clermont, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Fabienne Devime
- Institut MICALIS, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Stéphanie Durand
- Clermont Auvergne University, INRAE, UNH, Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme, MetaboHUB Clermont, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Alexandre Benani
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6265-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 13241-Institut National de la Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Samuel Chaffron
- Université de Nantes, CNRS (UMR6004), LS2N, Nantes, France.,Research Federation (FR2022) Tara Oceans GO-SEE, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Douard
- Institut MICALIS, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Gaëlle Boudry
- Institut Numecan, INRAE, INSERM, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France.
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Brulport A, Le Corre L, Maquart G, Barbet V, Dastugue A, Severin I, Vaiman D, Chagnon MC. Multigenerational study of the obesogen effects of bisphenol S after a perinatal exposure in C57BL6/J mice fed a high fat diet. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 270:116243. [PMID: 33326921 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol S is an endocrine disruptor exhibiting metabolic disturbances, especially following perinatal exposures. To date, no data are available on the obesogen effects of BPS in a mutligenerational issue. OBJECTIVES We investigated obesogen effects of BPS in a multigenerational study by focusing on body weight, adipose tissue and plasma parameters in male and female mice. METHODS Pregnant C57BL6/J mice were exposed to BPS (1.5 μg/kg bw/day ie a human equivalent dose of 0.12 μg/kg bw/day) by drinking water from gestational day 0 to post natal day 21. All offsprings were fed with a high fat diet during 15 weeks. Body weight was monitored weekly and fat mass was measured before euthanasia. At euthanasia, blood glucose, insuline, triglyceride, cholesterol and no esterified fatty acid plasma levels were determined and gene expressions in visceral adipose tissue were assessed. F1 males and females were mated to obtain the F2 generation. Likewise, the F2 mice were cross-bred to obtain F3. The same analyses were performed. RESULTS In F1 BPS induced an overweight in male mice associated to lipolysis gene expressions upregulation. In F1 females, dyslipidemia was observed. In F2, BPS exposure was associated to an increase in body weight, fat and VAT masses in males and females. Several plasma parameters were increased but with a sex related pattern (blood glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol in males and NEFA in females). We observed a down-regulation in mRNA expression of gene involved in lipogenesis and in lipolysis for females but only in the lipogenesis for males. In F3, a decrease in VAT mass and an upregulation of lipogenesis gene expression occurred only in females. CONCLUSIONS BPS perinatal exposure induced sex-dependent obesogen multigenerational effects, the F2 generation being the most impacted. Transgenerational disturbances persisted only in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axelle Brulport
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France; AgroSupdijon, LNC UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France; Nutrition Physiology and Toxicology Team (NUTox), INSERM, LNC UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Ludovic Le Corre
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France; AgroSupdijon, LNC UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France; Nutrition Physiology and Toxicology Team (NUTox), INSERM, LNC UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France.
| | - Guillaume Maquart
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France; AgroSupdijon, LNC UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France; Nutrition Physiology and Toxicology Team (NUTox), INSERM, LNC UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Virginie Barbet
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France; AgroSupdijon, LNC UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France; Nutrition Physiology and Toxicology Team (NUTox), INSERM, LNC UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Aurélie Dastugue
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France; AgroSupdijon, LNC UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France; Nutrition Physiology and Toxicology Team (NUTox), INSERM, LNC UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Isabelle Severin
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France; AgroSupdijon, LNC UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France; Nutrition Physiology and Toxicology Team (NUTox), INSERM, LNC UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Daniel Vaiman
- From Gametes to Birth Team (FGTB), INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75014, Paris, France; CNRS UMR8104, F-75014, Paris, France; Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Christine Chagnon
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France; AgroSupdijon, LNC UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France; Nutrition Physiology and Toxicology Team (NUTox), INSERM, LNC UMR1231, F-21000, Dijon, France
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Brenachot X, Nédélec E, Ben Fradj S, Boudry G, Douard V, Laderrière A, Lemoine A, Liénard F, Nuzzaci D, Pénicaud L, Rigault C, Benani A. Lack of Hypothalamus Polysialylation Inducibility Correlates With Maladaptive Eating Behaviors and Predisposition to Obesity. Front Nutr 2019; 5:125. [PMID: 30619871 PMCID: PMC6295648 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
High variability exists in individual susceptibility to develop overweight in an obesogenic environment and the biological underpinnings of this heterogeneity are poorly understood. In this brief report, we show in mice that the vulnerability to diet-induced obesity is associated with low level of polysialic acid-neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM), a factor of neural plasticity, in the hypothalamus. As we previously shown that reduction of hypothalamic PSA-NCAM is sufficient to alter energy homeostasis and promote fat storage under hypercaloric pressure, inter-individual variability in hypothalamic PSA-NCAM might account for the vulnerability to diet-induced obesity. These data support the concept that reduced plasticity in brain circuits that control appetite, metabolism and body weight confers risk for eating disorders and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Brenachot
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Emmanuelle Nédélec
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Selma Ben Fradj
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Gaelle Boudry
- Institut NuMeCan, INRA, INSERM, Université Rennes, Domaine de la Prise, Saint-Gilles, France
| | - Véronique Douard
- Institut Micalis, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Domaine de Vilvert, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Amélie Laderrière
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Aleth Lemoine
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Fabienne Liénard
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Danaé Nuzzaci
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Luc Pénicaud
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Caroline Rigault
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Alexandre Benani
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
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Mathot KJ, Dingemanse NJ, Nakagawa S. The covariance between metabolic rate and behaviour varies across behaviours and thermal types: meta‐analytic insights. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 94:1056-1074. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley J. Mathot
- Canada Research Chair in Integrative Ecology, Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Alberta CW405 Biological Sciences Building, T6G 2E9 Edmonton Alberta Canada
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea ResearchDepartment of Coastal Systems and Utrecht University 1790 AB, den Burg, Texel The Netherlands
| | - Niels J. Dingemanse
- Behavioural Ecology, Department Biology IILudwig‐Maximilians University of Munich Grosshadener Strasse 2, DE‐82152, Planegg‐Martinsried, Munich Germany
| | - Shinichi Nakagawa
- Evolution and Ecology Research Centre and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney New South Wales 2010 Australia
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Hopkins M, Beaulieu K, Myers A, Gibbons C, Blundell JE. Mechanisms responsible for homeostatic appetite control: theoretical advances and practical implications. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2017; 12:401-415. [PMID: 30063436 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2017.1395693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Homeostatic appetite control is part of a psychobiological system that has evolved to maintain an adequate supply of nutrients for growth and maintenance. The system links the physiological needs for energy with the behaviour that satisfies these needs (feeding), and is shaped by excitatory and inhibitory signals. Owing to rapid shifts in the food environment, homeostatic appetite control is not well adapted for modern-day human functioning. Areas covered: Homeostatic appetite control has two divisions. Tonic processes exert stable and enduring influences, with signals arising from bodily tissues and metabolism. Episodic processes fluctuate rapidly and are related to nutrient ingestion and the composition of foods consumed. Research in these areas incorporates potent endocrine signals that can influence behaviour. Expert commentary: The regulation of adipose tissue, and its impact on appetite (energy) homeostasis, has been heavily researched. More recently however, it has been demonstrated that fat-free mass has the potential to act as a tonic driver of food intake. A challenging issue is to determine how the post-prandial action of episodic satiety hormones and gastrointestinal mechanisms can effectively brake the metabolic drive to eat, in order to keep food intake under control and prevent a positive energy balance and fat accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Hopkins
- a School of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Mathematics and Physical Sciences , University of Leeds , Leeds , UK
| | - Kristine Beaulieu
- b School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health , University of Leeds , Leeds , UK
| | - Anna Myers
- b School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health , University of Leeds , Leeds , UK
| | - Catherine Gibbons
- b School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health , University of Leeds , Leeds , UK
| | - John E Blundell
- b School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health , University of Leeds , Leeds , UK
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Vaanholt LM, Lane JE, Garner B, Speakman JR. Partitioning the variance in calorie restriction-induced weight and fat loss in outbred mice. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2016; 24:2111-7. [PMID: 27527110 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE An increased understanding of the factors influencing interindividual variation in calorie restriction (CR)-induced weight loss is necessary to combat the current obesity epidemic. This study investigated the partitioning of the phenotypic variation in CR-induced wight loss. METHODS Two generations of male and female outbred MF1 mice raised by their biological mother or a foster mother were studied. Mice were exposed to 4 weeks of 30% CR when 6 months old. RESULTS Heritability was estimated at 0.43 ± 0.12 for CR-induced changes in body mass and 0.24 ± 0.10 for fat mass using mid-parent-offspring regressions. No significant relationships between weight loss in fathers or foster mothers and offspring were observed. Partitioning of phenotypic variance in weight loss using maximum likelihood modeling indicated 19 ± 17% of the variation could be attributed to additive genetic effects, 8 ± 14% to maternal effects during pregnancy, and <1% to maternal effects during lactation. A narrow-sense heritability around 0.50 was observed for ad libitum food intake and general activity. CONCLUSIONS A large part of individual variation in CR-induced weight loss could be attributed to additive genetic and maternal effects during pregnancy, but not to maternal effects in lactation. Genetic differences in food intake and general activity may play a role in determining these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lobke M Vaanholt
- Integrative Environmental Physiology, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Jeffrey E Lane
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Bethany Garner
- Integrative Environmental Physiology, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - John R Speakman
- Integrative Environmental Physiology, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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