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García-Esquinas E, Carballo-Casla A, Ortolá R, Sotos-Prieto M, Olmedo P, Gil F, Plans-Beriso E, Fernández-Navarro P, Pastor-Barriuso R, Rodríguez-Artalejo F. Blood Selenium Concentrations Are Inversely Associated with the Risk of Undernutrition in Older Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:4750. [PMID: 38004143 PMCID: PMC10674362 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium is an essential trace element with an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity that has been associated in experimental studies with beneficial effects on appetite control, the regulation of the gut microbiota, and control of the anabolic-catabolic balance. The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between circulating selenium concentrations and the risk of developing undernutrition in older adults. METHODS This was a cohort study with 1398 well-nourished community-dwelling individuals aged ≥ 65 years residing in Spain in 2017, who were followed for a mean of 2.3 years. Whole blood selenium was measured at baseline using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Undernutrition was assessed at baseline and at follow-up, and defined as having at least one of the three GLIM phenotypic criteria (involuntary weight loss, a low body mass index, and a reduced muscle mass) and at least one of the two etiologic criteria (reduced food consumption or nutrient assimilation and inflammation/disease burden). RESULTS During the follow-up, 142 participants (11%) developed moderate undernutrition and 113 (8.8%) severe undernutrition. The standardized relative risks of moderate and severe undernutrition at the 75th percentile of Se levels versus the 25th were 0.90 and 0.70, respectively. In dose-response analyses, the risk of severe undernutrition decreased linearly with increasing selenium concentrations. This association was independent of protein intake or diet quality and was stronger among participants with a diagnosis of a musculoskeletal disorder. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that an adequate dietary selenium status is needed to prevent undernutrition in older adults. Also, this may open the door for clinical trials with selenium supplementation, at doses considered as safe, to prevent undernutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther García-Esquinas
- Department of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.P.-B.); (P.F.-N.); (R.P.-B.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública—CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.-C.); (R.O.); (M.S.-P.); (F.R.-A.)
| | - Adrián Carballo-Casla
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública—CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.-C.); (R.O.); (M.S.-P.); (F.R.-A.)
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rosario Ortolá
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública—CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.-C.); (R.O.); (M.S.-P.); (F.R.-A.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Sotos-Prieto
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública—CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.-C.); (R.O.); (M.S.-P.); (F.R.-A.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Olmedo
- Department of Legal Medicine, Toxicology, and Physical Anthropology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (P.O.); (F.G.)
| | - Fernando Gil
- Department of Legal Medicine, Toxicology, and Physical Anthropology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (P.O.); (F.G.)
| | - Elena Plans-Beriso
- Department of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.P.-B.); (P.F.-N.); (R.P.-B.)
| | - Pablo Fernández-Navarro
- Department of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.P.-B.); (P.F.-N.); (R.P.-B.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública—CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.-C.); (R.O.); (M.S.-P.); (F.R.-A.)
| | - Roberto Pastor-Barriuso
- Department of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.P.-B.); (P.F.-N.); (R.P.-B.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública—CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.-C.); (R.O.); (M.S.-P.); (F.R.-A.)
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública—CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.-C.); (R.O.); (M.S.-P.); (F.R.-A.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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PESARICO ANAPAULA, CECHELLA JOSÉL, NOGUEIRA CRISTINAW, ROSA SUZANG. Swimming exercise and diphenyl diselenide-supplemented diet modulate cerebral cortical and striatal GABA uptake in aged rats. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20200844. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220200844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Selenium and Selenoproteins in Adipose Tissue Physiology and Obesity. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040658. [PMID: 32344656 PMCID: PMC7225961 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) homeostasis is tightly related to carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, but its possible roles in obesity development and in adipocyte metabolism are unclear. The objective of the present study is to review the current data on Se status in obesity and to discuss the interference between Se and selenoprotein metabolism in adipocyte physiology and obesity pathogenesis. The overview and meta-analysis of the studies on blood Se and selenoprotein P (SELENOP) levels, as well as glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity in obese subjects, have yielded heterogenous and even conflicting results. Laboratory studies demonstrate that Se may modulate preadipocyte proliferation and adipogenic differentiation, and also interfere with insulin signaling, and regulate lipolysis. Knockout models have demonstrated that the selenoprotein machinery, including endoplasmic reticulum-resident selenoproteins together with GPXs and thioredoxin reductases (TXNRDs), are tightly related to adipocyte development and functioning. In conclusion, Se and selenoproteins appear to play an essential role in adipose tissue physiology, although human data are inconsistent. Taken together, these findings do not support the utility of Se supplementation to prevent or alleviate obesity in humans. Further human and laboratory studies are required to elucidate associations between Se metabolism and obesity.
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Hypothalamic pathways regulate the anorectic action of p-chloro-diphenyl diselenide in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 815:241-250. [PMID: 28943102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Behavioral studies have suggested that (p-ClPhSe)2 elicits an anorectic-like action in rats by inducing multiple effects such as satiety-enhancing effect, malaise and specific flavor; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying its anorexigenic action remain unclarified. Here, male Sprague-Dawley rats received acute and sub-chronic intraperitoneal treatments with (p-ClPhSe)2; thereafter, in vivo and ex vivo analyses were carried out. The present study reveals that the reduction of food intake resulting from a single treatment with (p-ClPhSe)2 (1mg/kg, i.p.) was associated with decreased hypothalamic levels of pro-melanin-concentrating hormone (pro-MCH) and orexin precursor. In addition, repeated administrations of (p-ClPhSe)2 (10mg/kg; i.p.) for 7 days induced sustained food intake suppression, body weight loss and white fat reduction. Measurements of brown adipose tissue content and temperature as well as data obtained from a pair-fed group indicated that the effects of (p-ClPhSe)2 on the body weight are closely related to its anorexigenic actions, ruling out the possibility of increased thermogenesis. Furthermore, (p-ClPhSe)2 reduced the hypothalamic orexin precursor levels when repeatedly administered to rats. Sub-chronic treatment with (p-ClPhSe)2 caused a decrease of serum triglyceride levels and down-regulation of hepatic cholesterol content. Therefore, the current study characterized the anorectic and reducing body weight actions of (p-ClPhSe)2 in Sprague-Dawley rats. Besides, the set of results suggests that food intake suppressant effects triggered after (p-ClPhSe)2 administration to rats are mainly related with the lower orexin levels in hypothalamus after acute and sub-chronic treatments.
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Quines CB, Rosa SG, Chagas PM, Velasquez D, Prado VC, Nogueira CW. (p-ClPhSe) 2 stimulates carbohydrate metabolism and reverses the metabolic alterations induced by high fructose load in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 107:122-128. [PMID: 28655652 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The modern life leads to excess consumption of food rich in fructose; however, the long-term changes in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism could lead to metabolic dysfunction in humans. The present study evaluated the in vitro insulin-mimetic action of p-chloro-diphenyl diselenide (p-ClPhSe)2. The second aim of this study was to investigate if (p-ClPhSe)2 reverses metabolic dysfunction induced by fructose load in Wistar rats. The insulin-mimetic action of (p-ClPhSe)2 at concentrations of 50 and 100 μM was determined in slices of rat skeletal muscle. (p-ClPhSe)2 at a concentration of 50 μM stimulated the glucose uptake by 40% in skeletal muscle. A dose-response curve revealed that (p-ClPhSe)2 at a dose of 25 mg/kg reduced (∼20%) glycemia in rats treated with fructose (5 g/kg, i.g.). The administration of fructose impaired the liver homeostasis and (p-ClPhSe)2 (25 mg/kg) protected against the increase (∼25%) in the G-6-Pase and isocitrate dehydrogenase activities and reduced the triglyceride content (∼25%) in the liver. (p-ClPhSe)2 regulated the liver homeostasis by stimulating hexokinase activity (∼27%), regulating the TCA cycle activity (increased the ATP and citrate synthase activity (∼15%)) and increasing the glycogen levels (∼67%). In conclusion, (p-ClPhSe)2 stimulated carbohydrate metabolism and reversed metabolic dysfunction in rats fed with fructose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline B Quines
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria CEP 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Suzan G Rosa
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria CEP 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Pietro M Chagas
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria CEP 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniela Velasquez
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria CEP 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Vinicius C Prado
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria CEP 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristina W Nogueira
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria CEP 97105-900, RS, Brazil.
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Zborowski VA, Sari MH, Heck SO, Stangherlin EC, Neto JS, Nogueira CW, Zeni G. p-Chloro-diphenyl diselenide reverses memory impairment-related to stress caused by corticosterone and modulates hippocampal [3H]glutamate uptake in mice. Physiol Behav 2016; 164:25-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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