1
|
Kluger BM, Huang AP, Miyasaki JM. Cannabinoids in movement disorders. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2022; 102:124-130. [PMID: 36038457 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2022.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION On the basis of both scientific progress and popular lore, there is growing optimism in the therapeutic potential of cannabis (marijuana) and cannabinoid-based chemicals for movement disorders. There is also notable skepticism regarding the scientific basis for this therapeutic optimism and significant concerns regarding the safety and regulation of cannabinoid products, particularly those available without prescription. METHODS In recognition of the high interest and controversial nature of this subject, the meeting committee of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorders Society arranged for a talk on cannabis at the 2019 annual meeting's Controversies in Movement Disorders plenary session. This paper summarizes the highlights of this session. RESULTS The endocannabinoid system is strongly tied to motor function and dysfunction, with basic research suggesting several promising therapeutic targets related to cannabinoids for movement disorders. Clinical research on cannabinoids for motor and nonmotor symptoms in Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Tourette's syndrome, dystonia, and other movement disorders to date are promising at best and inconclusive or negative at worst. Research in other populations suggest efficacy for common symptoms like pain. While social campaigns against recreational cannabinoid use focus on cognitive changes in adolescents, the long-term sequelae of regulated medical use in older adults with movement disorders is unknown. The overall risks of cannabinoids may be similar to other commonly used medications and include falls and apathy. CONCLUSION Further research is greatly needed to better understand the actual clinical benefits and long-term side effects of medical cannabis products for movement disorders indications and populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benzi M Kluger
- Departments of Neurology and Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Andrew P Huang
- Departments of Neurology and Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Janis M Miyasaki
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Modulation of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor has potential therapeutic utility in the 3-acetylpyridine cerebellar ataxia rat model. Exp Brain Res 2022; 240:2339-2348. [PMID: 35859208 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06415-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Cerebellar ataxia is a neurodegenerative disorder leading to severe motor incoordination. Recently, it has been suggested that cannabinoids play a role in modulating ataxic symptoms. To understand the possible therapeutic effect of cannabinoids for the management of cerebellar ataxia, we used cannabinoid agonist/antagonists to target the cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R) in the 3 acetyl pyridine (3AP) rat model of ataxia. The role of the CB1R was examined using three different doses of the CB1R agonist, WIN-55,212-2 (WIN; 0.1, 0.5, 1 mg/kg) administrated 30 min prior to 3AP (55 mg/kg, i.p.) which leads to motor impairment through destruction of the inferior olive. In some groups, the CB1R antagonist AM251 (1 mg/kg) was given in combination with WIN. Locomotor activity and motor coordination were impaired by 3AP, and the application of WIN did not ameliorate this effect. However, the abnormal gait, rearing and grooming caused by 3AP were prevented by co-administration of AM251 with WIN. While the addition of the CB1R antagonist improved some ataxic symptoms, there was no effect of AM251 on balance or locomotor activity when co-administrated with WIN. Behavioral testing indicated that not only did WIN fail to exert any protective effect on ataxic symptoms; it exacerbated ataxic symptoms, suggesting that CB1R agonists may not be the ideal therapeutic drug in this disorder. When taken together, the findings from the present study indicate that cannabinoid modulation of ataxia symptoms may not act solely through CB1Rs and other cannabinoid receptors should be considered in future studies.
Collapse
|
3
|
Alijanpour S, Ghasemzadeh Z, Ebrahimi-Ghiri M, Zarrindast MR. Basolateral amygdala cannabinoid CB1 receptors mediate the antinociceptive activity of harmaline in adolescent male mice. Physiol Behav 2022; 254:113886. [PMID: 35718215 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests a clear role for the amygdala endocannabinoid system in pain processing. Harmaline has been also known as the main nociceptive agent extracted from the Peganum harmala plant. In this study, the role of basolateral amygdala (BLA) cannabinoid CB1 receptors in pain sensitivity of harmaline-treated mice were assessed using tail-flick and hot plate methods in adolescent male NMRI mice. Intraperitoneal administration of two higher doses of harmaline (6 and 8 mg/kg) increased tail-flick latency, suggesting an antinociceptive activity. The same result was observed for the higher dose of harmaline in the hot plate test. Intra-BLA microinjection of CB1 receptor agonist ACPA (1 and 1.5 ng/mouse) or (1.5 ng/mouse) enhanced the ineffective dose-response of harmaline on pain threshold in the tail-flick or hot plate tests, respectively. Microinjection of two higher doses of CB1 receptor antagonist AM251 (0.5 and 1 ng/mouse) attenuated the antinociceptive activity of harmaline (8 ng/mouse) in both tail-flick and hot plate tests. Meanwhile, ACPA and AM251 did not alter latency to withdraw from the noxious stimulus in both tests, by themselves. It should be noted that the analgesic dose of the drugs alone or in combination did not affect locomotor activity. The obtained results highlight that BLA CB1 receptors mediate the antinociceptive activity of harmaline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sakineh Alijanpour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Gonbad Kavous University, P. O. Box 163, Gonbad Kavous, Iran.
| | - Zahra Ghasemzadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shabani M, Naderi R. Phytohormone abscisic acid elicits positive effects on harmaline-induced cognitive and motor disturbances in a rat model of essential tremor. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2564. [PMID: 35591769 PMCID: PMC9120731 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Essential tremor (ET) as a neurological disorder is accompanied by cognitive and motor disturbances. Despite the high incidence of ET, the drug treatment of ET remains unsatisfactory. Recently, abscisic acid (ABA) has been reported to have positive neurophysiological effects in mammals. Here, the effects of ABA on harmaline-induced motor and cognitive impairments were investigated in rats. METHODS Male Wistar rats weighing 120-140 g were divided into control, harmaline (30 mg/kg, ip), ABA vehicle (DMSO+normal saline), and ABA (10 μg/rat, icv, 30 min before harmaline injection) groups. Exploratory, balance and motor performance, anxiety, and cognitive function were assessed using footprint, open field, wire grip, rotarod, and shuttle box tests. RESULTS The results indicated that ABA (10 μg/rat) can improve harmaline-induced tremor in rats. The administration of ABA significantly increased time spent on wire grip and rotarod. In addition, ABA had a promising effect against the cognitive impairments induced by harmaline. CONCLUSION Taken together, ABA has positive effects on locomotor and cognitive impairments induced by tremor. However, further studies are required to determine the exact mechanisms of ABA on the ET.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shabani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Naderi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Maneshian M, Nasirinezhad F, Mohammadi F, Behzadi M, Asadi-Shekaari M, Shabani M. Minocycline Mitigation of Tremor Syndrome and Defect of Cognitive and Balance Induced by Harmaline. Basic Clin Neurosci 2021; 12:255-268. [PMID: 34925722 PMCID: PMC8672663 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.12.2.1980.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Minocycline has anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-oxidant effects. Preclinical data suggest that minocycline could be beneficial for treating common neurological disorders, including Parkinson disease and multiple sclerosis. Methods: In this study, the effects of minocycline on harmaline-induced motor and cognitive impairments were studied in male Wistar rats. The rats were divided into four groups of ten animals each. Harmaline was used for the induction of Essential Tremor (ET). Minocycline (90 mg/kg, IP) was administered 30 minutes before the saline or harmaline. Tremor intensity, spontaneous locomotor activity, passive avoidance memory, anxiety-related behaviors, and motor function were assessed in the rats. Results: The results showed that minocycline could recover tremor intensity and step width but failed to recuperate the motor balance. The memory impairments observed in harmaline-treated rats were somewhat reversed by administration of minocycline. The cerebellum and inferior olive nucleus were studied for neuronal degeneration using histochemistry and transmission electron microscopy techniques. Harmaline caused ultrastructural changes and neuronal cell loss in inferior olive and cerebellar Purkinje cells. Minocycline exhibited neuroprotective changes on cerebellar Purkinje cells and inferior olivary neurons. Conclusion: These results open new therapeutic perspectives for motor and memory impairments in ET. However, further studies are needed to clarify the exact mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Maneshian
- Department of Physiology, Physiological Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Intracellular Recording Lab, Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farinaz Nasirinezhad
- Department of Physiology, Physiological Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohammadi
- Intracellular Recording Lab, Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mina Behzadi
- Intracellular Recording Lab, Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Majid Asadi-Shekaari
- Intracellular Recording Lab, Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shabani
- Intracellular Recording Lab, Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rapaka D, Bitra VR, Challa SR, Adiukwu PC. Potentiation of microglial endocannabinoid signaling alleviates neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease. Neuropeptides 2021; 90:102196. [PMID: 34508923 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2021.102196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) isaprogressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by chronic inflammation due to the presence of neurotoxic Aβ and tau proteins. Increased microglial activation and inflated immune response are the other factors to be considered in AD pathology. Microglial cells own biochemical machinery that synthesizes and release endocannabinoids. The exploitation of therapeutic actions of endocannabinoid system has newly emerged in the field of Alzheimer's disease. The activation of cannabinoid receptors/ cannabinoid system modulates inflammatory responses. This review assesses the association between the microglial endocannabinoid system and neuroinflammation in AD. The data supporting the anti-inflammatory role of pharmacological agents modulating cannabinoid system are also reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepthi Rapaka
- A.U. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530003, India.
| | | | - Siva Reddy Challa
- Department of Cancer Biology and Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, IL 61614, USA
| | - Paul C Adiukwu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Botswana, P/Bag-0022, Gaborone, Botswana
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Coronado-Álvarez A, Romero-Cordero K, Macías-Triana L, Tatum-Kuri A, Vera-Barrón A, Budde H, Machado S, Yamamoto T, Imperatori C, Murillo-Rodríguez E. The synthetic CB 1 cannabinoid receptor selective agonists: Putative medical uses and their legalization. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 110:110301. [PMID: 33741446 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
More than 500 molecules have been identified as components of Cannabis sativa (C. sativa), of which the most studied is Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC). Several studies have suggested that Δ9-THC exerts diverse biological effects, ranging from fragmentation of DNA to behavioral disruptions. Currently, it is accepted that most of the pharmacological properties of Δ9-THC engage the activation of the cannabinoid receptors, named CB1 and CB2. Interestingly, multiple pieces of evidence have suggested that the cannabinoid receptors play an active role in the modulation of several diseases leading to the design of synthetic cannabinoid-like compounds. Advances in the development of synthetic CB1 cannabinoid receptor selective agonists as therapeutical approaches are, however, limited. This review focuses on available evidence searched in PubMed regarding the synthetic CB1 cannabinoid receptor selective agonists such as AM-1235, arachidonyl-2' chloroethylamide (ACEA), CP 50,556-1 (Levonantradol), CP-55,940, HU-210, JWH-007, JWH-018, JWH-200 (WIN 55,225), methanandamide, nabilone, O-1812, UR-144, WIN 55,212-2, nabiximols, and dronabinol. Indeed, it would be ambitious to describe all available evidence related to the synthetic CB1 cannabinoid receptor selective agonists. However, and despite the positive evidence on the positive results of using these compounds in experimental models of health disturbances and preclinical trials, we discuss evidence in regards some concerns due to side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Coronado-Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias Moleculares e Integrativas, Escuela de Medicina, División Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Mayab, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico; Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group, Mexico
| | - Karen Romero-Cordero
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias Moleculares e Integrativas, Escuela de Medicina, División Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Mayab, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico; Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group, Mexico
| | - Lorena Macías-Triana
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias Moleculares e Integrativas, Escuela de Medicina, División Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Mayab, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico; Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group, Mexico
| | - Agnes Tatum-Kuri
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias Moleculares e Integrativas, Escuela de Medicina, División Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Mayab, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico; Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group, Mexico
| | - Alba Vera-Barrón
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias Moleculares e Integrativas, Escuela de Medicina, División Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Mayab, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico; Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group, Mexico
| | - Henning Budde
- Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group, Mexico; Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sérgio Machado
- Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group, Mexico; Laboratory of Physical Activity Neuroscience, Physical Activity Sciences Postgraduate Program, Salgado de Oliveira University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Tetsuya Yamamoto
- Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group, Mexico; Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Claudio Imperatori
- Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group, Mexico; Cognitive and Clinical Psychology Laboratory, Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Eric Murillo-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias Moleculares e Integrativas, Escuela de Medicina, División Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Mayab, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico; Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Santos de Alencar S, Crippa JAS, Brito MCM, Pimentel ÂV, Cecilio Hallak JE, Tumas V. A single oral dose of cannabidiol did not reduce upper limb tremor in patients with essential tremor. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2021; 83:37-40. [PMID: 33465546 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Essential tremor (ET) is a common clinical syndrome characterized by action tremors affecting both upper limbs that can compromise manual tasks' execution and impair functional and social performance. The primary pharmacological treatment is symptomatic, but effective medicines are somewhat limited. There is a clear need to find new effective therapies for the treatment of ET. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a modulator of CB1 receptor and CB1 agonists can reduce tremors in experimental models. We hypothesized that a single acute CBD intake would reduce tremors in ET patients. We performed a randomized, controlled, double-blind, crossover study on 19 patients with ET. They were 10 males and 9 females, had mean 63 years of age, and mean 23 years of disease duration and had insufficient control of their tremors with the usual pharmacological treatment. They ingested a single oral dose of CBD (300 mg) or placebo in two experimental sessions performed 2-weeks apart. Patients were evaluated immediately before and after oral ingestion (60 min and 210 min), using the Fahn-Tolosa-Marin clinical scale. There was no carryover effect. There were no significant differences in upper limb tremors score, specific motor task tremor scores (writing and drawing/pouring) or clinical impression of change after treatment with placebo or CBD. In conclusion, a single 300 mg oral dose of CBD had no significant effect on the severity of upper limb tremors of ET patients. Our findings did not exclude the possibility that chronic treatment with CBD could have a symptomatic effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - José Alexandre S Crippa
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Ângela V Pimentel
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Vitor Tumas
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ramshini E, Sheykhzade M, Dabiri S, Shabani M. Cannabinoid CB1 receptor mediates METH-induced electrophysiological and morphological alterations in cerebellum Purkinje cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 40:940-951. [PMID: 33249856 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120975448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies on cannabinoid type1 receptor (CB1R) activation on Methamphetamine (METH)-induced neurodegeneration and locomotion impairments in male rats suggest an interaction between CB1Rs and METH. However, the role of these receptors in METH-neurotoxicity has not been fully identified. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to investigate the involvement of CB1Rs in these effects. We conducted an electrophysiological study to evaluate functional interactions between METH and CB1Rs using whole-cell patch current clamp recording. Furthermore, we designed the Nissl staining protocol to assess the effect of METH on the basic cerebellar Purkinje cell structure. Our findings revealed that METH significantly increased the action potential half-width, spontaneous interspike intervals, first spike latency, and decreased the rebound action potential and spontaneous firing frequency. Using CB1R agonist and antagonist, our results showed a significant interaction with some of the electrophysiological alterations induced by METH. Further, Nissl staining revealed that the exposure to the combination of METH and SR141716A resulted in the necrotic cell death. Results of the current study raises the possibility that METH consumption profoundly affect the intrinsic membrane properties of cerebellar Purkinje neurons and cannabinoid system manipulations may counteract some of these effects. In summary, our findings provide further insights into the modulatory role of the endocannabinoid system in METH-induced neurologic changes, which can be used in the development of potential therapeutic interventions for METH dependence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Effat Ramshini
- Department of Physiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,158777Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Majid Sheykhzade
- 365660Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shahriar Dabiri
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shabani
- 158777Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jiménez-Jiménez FJ, Alonso-Navarro H, García-Martín E, Agúndez JA. An Update on the Neurochemistry of Essential Tremor. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:1690-1710. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666181112094330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The pathophysiology and neurochemical mechanisms of essential
tremor (ET) are not fully understood, because only a few post-mortem studies have been reported,
and there is a lack of good experimental model for this disease.
Objective:
The main aim of this review is to update data regarding the neurochemical features
of ET. Alterations of certain catecholamine systems, the dopaminergic, serotonergic,
GABAergic, noradrenergic, and adrenergic systems have been described, and are the object of
this revision.
Methods:
For this purpose, we performed a literature review on alterations of the neurotransmitter
or neuromodulator systems (catecholamines, gammaaminobutyric acid or GABA,
excitatory amino acids, adenosine, T-type calcium channels) in ET patients (both post-mortem
or in vivo) or in experimental models resembling ET.
Results and Conclusion:
The most consistent data regarding neurochemistry of ET are related
with the GABAergic and glutamatergic systems, with a lesser contribution of adenosine
and dopaminergic and adrenergic systems, while there is not enough evidence of a definite
role of other neurotransmitter systems in ET. The improvement of harmaline-induced tremor
in rodent models achieved with T-type calcium channel antagonists, cannabinoid 1 receptor,
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonists, and gap-junction blockers, suggests a potential
role of these structures in the pathogenesis of ET.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elena García-Martín
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UNEx. ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Caceres, Spain
| | - José A.G. Agúndez
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UNEx. ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Caceres, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shahveisi K, Khazaie H, Farnia V, Khodamoradi M. REM sleep deprivation impairs retrieval, but not reconsolidation, of methamphetamine reward memory in male rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2019; 185:172759. [PMID: 31415776 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2019.172759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Susceptibility to interference can be a result of memory retrieval and reconsolidation. Given the fact that addiction develops through the neural mechanisms of learning and memory, it would not be surprising that a consolidated drug reward memory may also be susceptible to interference following retrieval/reconsolidation. Due to the critical role of sleep in memory consolidation, sleep deprivation (SD) has been shown to impair memory. Therefore, the major objective of this study was to investigate the effect of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation (RSD) on the retrieval and reconsolidation of methamphetamine (METH) reward memory in male rats. The animals were trained to acquire METH-induced CPP (2 mg/kg, i.p.). METH reward memory was then reactivated/retrieved in the drug-paired chamber during a drug-free (memory reactivation) session. A period of 48-h RSD paradigm using the multiple platform technique resulted in persistent deficits in the retrieval of METH reward memory. Nevertheless, the same protocol of RSD, which was conducted immediately after the memory reactivation, did not affect the reconsolidation of METH reward memory. Additionally, the RSD episode induced a temporary potentiation of METH-induced hyperlocomotion. Our findings would seem to suggest that sleep is involved in the retrieval, but not reconsolidation, of METH reward memory. The results may also demonstrate that RSD mimics the effects of METH on locomotor activity. The results of this study, therefore, support the idea that sleep is involved in the processing of METH reward memory which can be considered for further investigations to manage the relapse associated with drug-related memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Shahveisi
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Habibolah Khazaie
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Vahid Farnia
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khodamoradi
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bipolar disorder (BD) is a debilitating, lifelong neuropsychiatric illness characterised by unsteady mood states which vacillate from (hypo)mania to depression. Despite the availability of pharmaceutical agents which can be effective in ameliorating the acute affective symptoms and prevent episodic relapse, BD is inadequately treated in a subset of patients. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is known to exert neuromodulatory effects on other neurotransmitter systems critical in governing emotions. Several studies ranging from clinical to molecular, as well as anecdotal evidence, have placed a spotlight on the potential role of the ECS in the pathophysiology of BD. In this perspective, we present advantages and disadvantages of cannabis use in the management of illness course of BD and provide mechanistic insights into how this system might contribute to the pathophysiology of BD. RESULTS We highlight the putative role of selective cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) agonists in BD and briefly discuss findings which provide a rationale for targeting the ECS to assuage the symptoms of BD. Further, data encourage basic and clinical studies to determine how cannabis and cannabinoids (CBs) can affect mood and to investigate emerging CB-based options as probable treatment approaches. CONCLUSION The probable role of the ECS has been almost neglected in BD; however, from data available which suggest a role of ECS in mood control, it is justified to support conducting comprehensive studies to determine whether ECS manipulation could positively affect BD. Based on the limited available data, we suggest that activation of CB2 may stabilise mood in this disorder.
Collapse
|
13
|
Ebrahimi-Ghiri M, Nasehi M, Zarrindast MR. Anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of ACPA and harmaline co-treatment. Behav Brain Res 2019; 364:296-302. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
14
|
Aghaei I, Hajali V, Haghani M, Vaziri Z, Moosazadeh M, Shabani M. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ activation attenuates harmaline-induced cognitive impairments in rats. J Clin Neurosci 2018; 59:276-283. [PMID: 30472346 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive and motor disturbances are serious concerns of the tremors induced by motor disorders. Despite the lack of effective clinical treatment, some potential therapeutic agents have been used to alleviate the cognitive symptoms in the animal models of tremor. Recent studies have shown that PPAR-γ agonists have neuroprotective effects. In the current study, the effects of pioglitazone (PIO), a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist, on harmaline-induced motor and cognitive impairment were studied. Male Wistar rats were divided into vehicle (normal saline), PIO (20 mg/kg i.p.), harmaline (10 mg/kg, i.p.) and PIO + harmaline (PIO injected 2 h before harmaline) groups. Open field, rotarod, wire grip, foot print and Morris water maze tests were used to evaluate the motor and cognitive performance. The results indicated that administration of PIO attenuated harmaline-induced locomotor, anxiety-like behaviors, and spatial learning and memory impairments, but it partially decreased the tremor score. The neuroprotective and anxiolytic effects of PIO demonstrated in the current study can offer the PPAR-γ receptor agonism as a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of patients with tremor that manifest mental dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iraj Aghaei
- Department of Neuroscience, Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Vahid Hajali
- Department of Neuroscience, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Masoud Haghani
- Department of Physiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Vaziri
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mahmmod Moosazadeh
- Health Sciences Research Center, School of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shabani
- Intracellular Recording Lab, Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rajizadeh MA, Esmaeilpour K, Masoumi-Ardakani Y, Bejeshk MA, Shabani M, Nakhaee N, Ranjbar MP, Borzadaran FM, Sheibani V. Voluntary exercise impact on cognitive impairments in sleep-deprived intact female rats. Physiol Behav 2018; 188:58-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
16
|
Tahamtan M, Moosavi SM, Sheibani V, Nayebpour M, Esmaeili-Mahani S, Shabani M. Erythropoietin attenuates motor impairments induced by bilateral renal ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2016; 30:502-510. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Tahamtan
- Neuroscience Research Center; Neuropharmacology Institute; Kerman University of Medical Sciences; Kerman Iran
| | - Seyed M.S. Moosavi
- Department of Physiology; The Medical School; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; Shiraz Iran
| | - Vahid Sheibani
- Neuroscience Research Center; Neuropharmacology Institute; Kerman University of Medical Sciences; Kerman Iran
| | | | - Saeed Esmaeili-Mahani
- Neuroscience Research Center; Neuropharmacology Institute; Kerman University of Medical Sciences; Kerman Iran
- Department of Biology; Faculty of Sciences; Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman; Kerman Iran
| | - Mohammad Shabani
- Neuroscience Research Center; Neuropharmacology Institute; Kerman University of Medical Sciences; Kerman Iran
| |
Collapse
|