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Ventura AK, Ross KJ, Miller AL, DeJesus JM, Tan CC, Lumeng JC. Development of the Baby Behaviors when Satiated (BABES) Behavioral Coding Scheme. Appetite 2024:107704. [PMID: 39396763 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 10/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
Current infant feeding recommendations promote responsive feeding, wherein caregivers respond to infants' cues to determine feeding pace and duration, to support infant self-regulation and healthier weight outcomes. A central tenet of responsive feeding is that infants will effectively signal hunger, receptiveness to feeding, needs to disengage from feeding, and satiation, yet there is a lack of research available to support this assumption. Rather, previous research illustrates substantial variability exists for the extent to which infants exhibit behavioral cues during feeding and that many mothers feel their infants do not clearly communicate satiation, suggesting certain caregivers need tailored support to understand their infants' needs during feeding interactions. As a first step toward addressing this research gap, we developed the Baby Behaviors when Satiated (BABES) coding scheme, a comprehensive tool that assesses infants' disengagement/satiation behaviors and mothers' responses to infant behaviors and feeding practices during mother-infant feeding interactions. The BABES was applied to 876 videos of bottle-feeding interactions from a prospective, longitudinal study of dyads observed when infants were 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months old. Coders achieved moderate to strong inter-rater reliability and descriptive analyses illustrated that the percentages of infants and mothers exhibiting different behaviors at each age were consistent with developmental trends noted in previous research. Application of this tool within future research holds the potential to create rich datasets allowing for description of intra- and inter-individual variability in infant and mother behaviors and how infants' and mothers' behaviors co-develop across the first year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison K Ventura
- Department of Kinesiology & Public Health, Center for Health Research, Bailey College of Science and Mathematics, California Polytechnic State University, One Grand Ave, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA.
| | - Kevin J Ross
- Department of Statistics, Bailey College of Science and Mathematics, California Polytechnic State University, One Grand Ave, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA..
| | - Alison L Miller
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 3718 SPH I, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
| | - Jasmine M DeJesus
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 321 McIver Street, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA.
| | - Cin Cin Tan
- Department of Psychology, University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606-3390, USA.
| | - Julie C Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, 2800 Plymouth Road, Building 520, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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Rios JM, Miller AL, Lumeng JC, Rosenblum K, Appugliese DP, Gearhardt AN. Associations of maternal food addiction, dietary restraint, and pre-pregnancy BMI with infant eating behaviors and risk for overweight. Appetite 2023; 184:106516. [PMID: 36868312 PMCID: PMC10281082 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Maternal food addiction, dietary restraint, and pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) are associated with high-risk eating behaviors and weight characteristics in children and adolescents. However, little is known about how these maternal factors are associated with individual differences in eating behaviors and risk for overweight in infancy. In a sample of 204 infant-mother dyads, maternal food addiction, dietary restraint and pre-pregnancy BMI were assessed using maternal self-report measures. Infant eating behaviors (as measured by maternal report), objectively measured hedonic response to sucrose, and anthropometry were measured at 4 months of age. Separate linear regression analyses were used to test for associations between maternal risk factors and infant eating behaviors and risk for overweight. Maternal food addiction was associated with increased risk for infant overweight based on World Health Organization criteria. Maternal dietary restraint was negatively associated with maternal report of infant appetite, but positively associated with objectively measured infant hedonic response to sucrose. Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was positively associated with maternal report of infant appetite. Maternal food addiction, dietary restraint, and pre-pregnancy BMI are each associated with distinct eating behaviors and risk for overweight in early infancy. Additional research is needed to identify the mechanistic pathways driving these distinct associations between maternal factors and infant eating behaviors and risk for overweight. Further, it will be important to investigate whether these infant characteristics predict the development of future high-risk eating behaviors or excessive weight gain later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Rios
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 530 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| | - Alison L Miller
- Department of Health Behavior & Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| | - Julie C Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| | - Katherine Rosenblum
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, 4250 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| | | | - Ashley N Gearhardt
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 530 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
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Bodell LP, Racine SE. A mechanistic staging model of reward processing alterations in individuals with binge-type eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord 2023; 56:516-522. [PMID: 36519302 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Altered reward processing is thought to characterize binge-type eating disorders, but the exact nature of these alterations is unclear. A more fine-grained understanding of whether specific aspects of reward processing contribute to the development or maintenance of binge eating may point to new therapeutic targets and personalized treatments. The incentive sensitization theory of addiction proposes that repeated use of a substance increases the desire to approach a reward ('wanting') but not pleasure when consuming the reward ('liking'), suggesting that reward processes driving addiction change over time. We hypothesize that the same may be true for binge eating. Further, consistent with the maladaptive scaling hypothesis, reward processing may be heightened for multiple reinforcers in at-risk individuals but become tuned toward food once binge eating is initiated. In this article, we propose a mechanistic staging model of reward processing in binge-type eating disorders that synthesizes existing data and posits that alterations of reward processing depend on illness stage and reward type. We outline translational methods for testing key hypotheses and discuss clinical implications. Considering reward processing alterations in relation to illness stage has the potential to improve treatment outcomes by ensuring that the mechanisms targeted are personalized to the individual patient. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE: Individuals with binge-type eating disorders experience alterations in their desire for, and pleasure from, food. We believe that the exact nature of these alterations in reward processing change over the course of illness-from the at-risk state to an established illness. If true, treatments for binge-type eating disorders that target reward processing should be personalized to the illness stage of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay P Bodell
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah E Racine
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Sugar reduction in beverages: Current trends and new perspectives from sensory and health viewpoints. Food Res Int 2022; 162:112076. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Stein SF, Riley HO, Kaciroti N, Rosenblum KL, Sturza JM, Gearhardt AN, Grogan-Kaylor AC, Lumeng JC, Miller AL. Infant Distress in a Food Delay Task Changes With Development and Predicts Amount Consumed. Front Nutr 2022; 9:786022. [PMID: 35464039 PMCID: PMC9021754 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.786022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Eating behavior regulation emerges during early development and involves general self-regulation (emotional, behavioral), appetite regulation (homeostatic metabolic need) and appetite self-regulation (including both Bottom-Up Food Approach and Bottom-Up Food Avoidance and top-down purposeful self-control of eating). Limited research has investigated developmental trajectories of the regulation of eating behavior before the preschool years. The current study used a novel food delay task to assess infant distress as an early emerging marker of eating behavior regulation constructs across early infancy and examine associations with amount of milk consumed. Method Mother-infant dyads (n = 179) completed the Ability to Delay Gratification for Food in Infants Task (ATDG-FIT) at 2 weeks, 8 weeks, and 16 weeks of age. The ATDG-FIT required infants to wait before being fed while their bottle was present, but not accessible (3-min Pre-Feeding Delay). After this, the infant was fed for 1 min, then the feeding was paused for 30 s (Mid-Feeding Delay). Infant distress was coded during each feeding delay period and the amount of milk consumed was measured. Results The mean proportion of distress during the Pre-Feeding Delay period decreased from 8 to 16 weeks of age (F(2,230) = 15.02, p < 0.001), whereas the mean proportion of distress during the Mid-Feeding Delay increased from 2 to 8 weeks of age (F(2,230) = 27.04, p < 0.001). There was a positive interaction between distress during Mid-Feeding Delay and infant age predicting the amount consumed in the protocol (ß = 0.30, p = 0.022), suggesting that the association between distress during this part of the task and amount consumed strengthens as infants get older. Conclusion The ATDG-FIT may be an effective method to assess emerging eating behavior regulation constructs during early infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara F. Stein
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- *Correspondence: Sara F. Stein,
| | - Hurley O. Riley
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Niko Kaciroti
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | | | - Julie M. Sturza
- Department of Pediatrics, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Ashley N. Gearhardt
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | | | - Julie C. Lumeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Alison L. Miller
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Sato W, Ikegami A, Ishihara S, Nakauma M, Funami T, Yoshikawa S, Fushiki T. Brow and Masticatory Muscle Activity Senses Subjective Hedonic Experiences during Food Consumption. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124216. [PMID: 34959773 PMCID: PMC8708739 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensing subjective hedonic or emotional experiences during eating using physiological activity is practically and theoretically important. A recent psychophysiological study has reported that facial electromyography (EMG) measured from the corrugator supercilii muscles was negatively associated with hedonic ratings, including liking, wanting, and valence, during the consumption of solid foods. However, the study protocol prevented participants from natural mastication (crushing of food between the teeth) during physiological data acquisition, which could hide associations between hedonic experiences and masticatory muscle activity during natural eating. We investigated this issue by assessing participants’ subjective ratings (liking, wanting, valence, and arousal) and recording physiological measures, including EMG of the corrugator supercilii, zygomatic major, masseter, and suprahyoid muscles while they consumed gel-type solid foods (water-based gellan gum jellies) of diverse flavors. Ratings of liking, wanting, and valence were negatively correlated with corrugator supercilii EMG and positively correlated with masseter and suprahyoid EMG. These findings imply that subjective hedonic experiences during food consumption can be sensed using EMG signals from the brow and masticatory muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Sato
- Psychological Process Team, Guardian Robot Project, RIKEN, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan
- Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-78502, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-774-95-1360
| | - Akira Ikegami
- San-Ei Gen F. F. I., Inc., Osaka 561-8588, Japan; (A.I.); (S.I.); (M.N.); (T.F.)
| | - Sayaka Ishihara
- San-Ei Gen F. F. I., Inc., Osaka 561-8588, Japan; (A.I.); (S.I.); (M.N.); (T.F.)
| | - Makoto Nakauma
- San-Ei Gen F. F. I., Inc., Osaka 561-8588, Japan; (A.I.); (S.I.); (M.N.); (T.F.)
| | - Takahiro Funami
- San-Ei Gen F. F. I., Inc., Osaka 561-8588, Japan; (A.I.); (S.I.); (M.N.); (T.F.)
| | - Sakiko Yoshikawa
- Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-78502, Japan;
- Faculty of the Arts, Kyoto University of the Arts, Kyoto 606-8271, Japan
| | - Tohru Fushiki
- Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukoku University, Otsu 520-2194, Japan;
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