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Pimentel LS, Bastos LM, Goulart LR, Ribeiro LNDM. Therapeutic Effects of Essential Oils and Their Bioactive Compounds on Prostate Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:583. [PMID: 38794244 PMCID: PMC11125265 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Since prostate cancer (PCa) relies on limited therapies, more effective alternatives are required. Essential oils (EOs) and their bioactive compounds are natural products that have many properties including anticancer activity. This review covers studies published between 2000 and 2023 and discusses the anti-prostate cancer mechanisms of the EOs from several plant species and their main bioactive compounds. It also provides a critical perspective regarding the challenges to be overcome until they reach the market. EOs from chamomile, cinnamon, Citrus species, turmeric, Cymbopogon species, ginger, lavender, Mentha species, rosemary, Salvia species, thyme and other species have been tested in different PCa cell lines and have shown excellent results, including the inhibition of cell growth and migration, the induction of apoptosis, modulation in the expression of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes and the suppression of angiogenesis. The most challenging aspects of EOs, which limit their clinical uses, are their highly lipophilic nature, physicochemical instability, photosensitivity, high volatility and composition variability. The processing of EO-based products in the pharmaceutical field may be an interesting alternative to circumvent EOs' limitations, resulting in several benefits in their further clinical use. Identifying their bioactive compounds, therapeutic effects and chemical structures could open new perspectives for innovative developments in the field. Moreover, this could be helpful in obtaining versatile chemical synthesis routes and/or biotechnological drug production strategies, providing an accurate, safe and sustainable source of these bioactive compounds, while looking at their use as gold-standard therapy in the close future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Santos Pimentel
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology Professor Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Campus Umuarama, Bloco 2E, Sala 248, Uberlândia 38405-302, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lígia Nunes de Morais Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology Professor Luiz Ricardo Goulart Filho, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Campus Umuarama, Bloco 2E, Sala 248, Uberlândia 38405-302, MG, Brazil
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2
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Hernandez-Castro SG, Z Flores-López L, Espinoza-Gomez H, Alonso-Nuñez G. Photocatalytic activity of silver nanoparticles@cellulose nanocomposites, from pistachio husk, in the toxic azo commercial dye degradation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127805. [PMID: 37918600 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, an over-the-counter commercial dye, containing direct blue 151 in its composition, which is also discarded without any environmental regulation, was efficiency photodegraded using a green chemistry-synthesized nanocomposites type silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) supported on pistachio husk (PH). The green synthesis (GS) of the nanocomposites was carried out using the Anemopsis californica leaf extract (ExAc) as a reducing-stabilizing agent (AgNPs/ExAc-PH), for the first time. The presence of AgNPs on the nanocomposite surface was corroborated by field emission transmission electron microscope (FE-TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The synthesized AgNPs/ExAc-PH has a bimodal size of 24 and 25 nm (4.86 % each) and a 0.72 % of AgNPs on its surface. AgNPs were adhered to the PH surface, through secondary bonds between the Ag and the cellulose of the PH. The optimum conditions, for efficient photocatalytic degradation, were 5 mg of nanocomposite, 3.18 × 10-2 M of NaBH4, natural sunlight, and stirring; this results in a photodegradation efficiency of 100 % almost instantaneously. Furthermore, it was shown that the dye degradation process is primarily due to the photocatalytic degradation of the dye, which occurs almost instantaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayra Guadalupe Hernandez-Castro
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/I.T. Tijuana, Centro de Graduados e Investigación en Química, Blvd. Alberto Limón Padilla S/N, Mesa de Otay, C.P. 22000 Tijuana, B.C., Mexico
| | - Lucía Z Flores-López
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/I.T. Tijuana, Centro de Graduados e Investigación en Química, Blvd. Alberto Limón Padilla S/N, Mesa de Otay, C.P. 22000 Tijuana, B.C., Mexico.
| | - Heriberto Espinoza-Gomez
- Universidad Autónoma de Baja California/Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Calzada Universidad 14418 Parque Industrial Internacional, C.P. 22390 Tijuana, B.C., Mexico.
| | - Gabriel Alonso-Nuñez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/Centro de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, km. 107 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, Ensenada C.P. 22860, B.C., Mexico
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Domingo-Fernández D, Gadiya Y, Mubeen S, Healey D, Norman BH, Colluru V. Exploring the known chemical space of the plant kingdom: insights into taxonomic patterns, knowledge gaps, and bioactive regions. J Cheminform 2023; 15:107. [PMID: 37950325 PMCID: PMC10636812 DOI: 10.1186/s13321-023-00778-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants are one of the primary sources of natural products for drug development. However, despite centuries of research, only a limited region of the phytochemical space has been studied. To understand the scope of what is explored versus unexplored in the phytochemical space, we begin by reconstructing the known chemical space of the plant kingdom, mapping the distribution of secondary metabolites, chemical classes, and plants traditionally used for medicinal purposes (i.e., medicinal plants) across various levels of the taxonomy. We identify hotspot taxonomic clades occupied by a large proportion of medicinal plants and characterized secondary metabolites, as well as clades requiring further characterization with regard to their chemical composition. In a complementary analysis, we build a chemotaxonomy which has a high level of concordance with the taxonomy at the genus level, highlighting the close relationship between chemical profiles and evolutionary relationships within the plant kingdom. Next, we delve into regions of the phytochemical space with known bioactivity that have been used in modern drug discovery. While we find that the vast majority of approved drugs from phytochemicals are derived from known medicinal plants, we also show that medicinal and non-medicinal plants do not occupy distinct regions of the known phytochemical landscape and their phytochemicals exhibit properties similar to bioactive compounds. Moreover, we also reveal that only a few thousand phytochemicals have been screened for bioactivity and that there are hundreds of known bioactive compounds present in both medicinal and non-medicinal plants, suggesting that non-medicinal plants also have potential therapeutic applications. Overall, these results support the hypothesis that there are many plants with medicinal properties awaiting discovery.
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Aoiadni N, Ayadi H, Jdidi H, Naifar M, Maalej S, Makni FA, El Feki A, Fetoui H, Koubaa FG. Flavonoid-rich fraction attenuates permethrin-induced toxicity by modulating ROS-mediated hepatic oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction ex vivo and in vivo in rat. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:9290-9312. [PMID: 33136269 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11250-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study explores the antioxidant, anti-microbial, and hepatoprotective potentials of flavonoid-rich fractions from Fumaria officinalis against permethrin-induced liver damage ex vivo/in vivo in rat. However, HPLC-DAD analysis revealed the richness of 6 components in ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) where ferulic acid, rosmarinic acid, and myricetin are the most abundant. The in vitro assays showed that EAFs have impressive antioxidant and anti-microbial properties. Ex vivo, permethrin (PER) (100 μM) induced a decrease of hepatic AST and ALT activities and 25-OH vitamin D and vitamin C levels and an increase of ALP and LDH activities, TBARS, and ϒ-GT levels with a disturbance of oxidative status. The hepatoprotective effect of EAF (1 mg/mL) against PER was confirmed by the amelioration of oxidative stress profile. In vivo, permethrin was found to increase absolute and relative liver weights, plasma transaminase activities, lactate-to-pyruvate ratio, hepatic and mitochondrial lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation levels. This pesticide triggered a decrease of Ca2+ and Mg2+-ATPases and mitochondrial enzyme activities. The co-treatment with EAF reestablished the hepatic and mitochondrial function, which could be attributed to its richness in phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nissaf Aoiadni
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, BP 1171, CP 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Houda Ayadi
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Aquatic Ecosystems, Ecology and Planktonology, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, BP 1171, CP 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hajer Jdidi
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, BP 1171, CP 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Manel Naifar
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, CHU Habib Bourguiba, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sami Maalej
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Aquatic Ecosystems, Ecology and Planktonology, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, BP 1171, CP 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Abdelfattah El Feki
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, BP 1171, CP 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hamadi Fetoui
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health.LR17ES06, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, BP1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Ghorbel Koubaa
- Laboratory of Animal Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Street of Soukra Km 3.5, BP 1171, CP 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
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NMR-based metabolomic analysis of the seasonal and regional variability of phytochemical compounds in Curtisia dentata stem bark. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2020.104197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Pandey BP, Adhikari K, Pradhan SP, Shin HJ, Lee EK, Jung HJ. In-vitro antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory activities of selected medicinal plants from western Nepal. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-020-00107-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
This study was focused on the measurement of anticancer properties of six medicinal plants from western Nepal in three cell lines; HeLa, Hep3B, and HCT116, and anti-inflammatory properties in RAW 264.7 cell line through NO, PGE2, and TNF-α production. In addition, the phytochemical screening, total phenolic, flavonoid content, and antioxidant properties were evaluated.
Results
The qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of different secondary metabolite and range of total phenolic and total flavonoid content. The highest antioxidant activities were observed in Bergenia pacumbis against both DPPH (IC50 = 25.97 ± 0.19 μg/mL) and ABTS (IC50 = 14.49 ± 0.40 μg/mL). Furthermore, the highest antiproliferative effect against cervical, liver, and colon cancer cell lines were observed in Melia azedarach as IC50 values of 10.50, 5.30, and 1.57 μg/mL respectively, while the strongest anti-metastatic potential on liver cancer cell line was found in Pleurospermum benthamii. In addition, P. benthamii showed the most potent anti-inflammatory effect in RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells.
Conclusion
This study provided the evidence for M. azedarach and P. benthamii to have great anticancer potential and finding builds the enough scientific backgrounds in future to isolate and purify the bioactive compounds for further applications.
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Escobar A, Pérez M, Romanelli G, Blustein G. Thymol bioactivity: A review focusing on practical applications. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Selvaraj A, Jayasree T, Valliammai A, Pandian SK. Myrtenol Attenuates MRSA Biofilm and Virulence by Suppressing sarA Expression Dynamism. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2027. [PMID: 31551964 PMCID: PMC6737500 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a deleterious human pathogen responsible for severe morbidity and mortality worldwide. The pathogen has attained high priority in the World Health Organization (WHO) - Multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens list. Emerging MDR strains of S. aureus are clinically challenging due to failure in conventional antibiotic therapy. Biofilm formation is one of the underlying mechanisms behind the antibiotic resistance. Hence, attenuating biofilm formation has become an alternative strategy to control persistent infections. The current study is probably the first that focuses on the antibiofilm and antivirulence potential of myrtenol against MRSA and its clinical isolates. Myrtenol exhibited a concentration-dependent biofilm inhibition without causing any harmful effect on cell growth and viability. Further, microscopic analysis validated the biofilm inhibitory efficacy of myrtenol against MRSA. In addition, myrtenol inhibited the synthesis of major virulence factors including slime, lipase, α-hemolysin, staphyloxanthin and autolysin. Inhibition of staphyloxanthin in turn sensitized the MRSA cells to healthy human blood and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Notably, myrtenol treated cells were deficient in extracellular DNA (eDNA) mediated autoaggregation as eDNA releasing autolysis was impaired by myrtenol. Biofilm disruptive activity on preformed biofilms was observed at concentrations higher than minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) of myrtenol. Also, the non-cytotoxic effect of myrtenol on human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) was evidenced by trypan blue and Alamar blue assays. Transcriptional analysis unveiled the down-regulation of global regulator sarA and sarA mediated virulence genes upon myrtenol treatment, which is well correlated with results of phenotypic assays. Thus, the results of the present study revealed the sarA mediated antibiofilm and antivirulence potential of myrtenol against MRSA.
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Wang YK, Yang XN, Zhu X, Xiao XR, Yang XW, Qin HB, Gonzalez FJ, Li F. Role of Metabolic Activation in Elemicin-Induced Cellular Toxicity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:8243-8252. [PMID: 31271289 PMCID: PMC7385589 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Elemicin, an alkenylbenzene constituent of natural oils of several plant species, is widely distributed in food, dietary supplements, and medicinal plants. 1'-Hydroxylation is known to cause metabolic activation of alkenylbenzenes leading to their potential toxicity. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between elemicin metabolism and its toxicity through comparing the metabolic maps between elemicin and 1'-hydroxyelemicin. Elemicin was transformed into a reactive metabolite of 1'-hydroxyelemicin, which was subsequently conjugated with cysteine (Cys) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Administration of NAC could significantly ameliorate the elemicin- and 1'-hydroxyelemicin-induced cytotoxicity of HepG2 cells, while depletion of Cys with diethyl maleate (DEM) increased cytotoxicity. Recombinant human CYP screening and CYP inhibition experiments revealed that multiple CYPs, notably CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP3A4, were responsible for the metabolic activation of elemicin. This study revealed that metabolic activation plays a critical role in elemicin cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao-Nan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Xu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xue-Rong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xiu-Wei Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hong-Bo Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- Corresponding Authors. Tel: +86-871-65238010. Fax: +86-871-65238010. . Tel: +86-871-65216953. Fax: +86-871-65216953
| | - Frank J. Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- Corresponding Authors. Tel: +86-871-65238010. Fax: +86-871-65238010. . Tel: +86-871-65216953. Fax: +86-871-65216953
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Trytek M, Paduch R, Pięt M, Kozieł A, Kandefer-Szerszeń M, Szajnecki Ł, Gromada A. Biological activity of oxygenated pinene derivatives on human colon normal and carcinoma cells. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Trytek
- Department of Industrial Microbiology; Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology; Maria Curie-Skłodowska University; Lublin Poland
| | - Roman Paduch
- Department of Virology and Immunology; Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology; Maria Curie-Skłodowska University; Lublin Poland
- Department of General Ophthalmology; Medical University; Lublin Poland
| | - Mateusz Pięt
- Department of Virology and Immunology; Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology; Maria Curie-Skłodowska University; Lublin Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kozieł
- Department of Virology and Immunology; Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology; Maria Curie-Skłodowska University; Lublin Poland
| | - Martyna Kandefer-Szerszeń
- Department of Virology and Immunology; Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology; Maria Curie-Skłodowska University; Lublin Poland
| | - Łukasz Szajnecki
- Department of Polymer Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry; Maria Curie-Skłodowska University; Lublin Poland
| | - Anna Gromada
- Department of Industrial Microbiology; Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology; Maria Curie-Skłodowska University; Lublin Poland
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Richins RD, Rodriguez-Uribe L, Lowe K, Ferral R, O’Connell MA. Accumulation of bioactive metabolites in cultivated medical Cannabis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201119. [PMID: 30036388 PMCID: PMC6056047 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been an increased use of medical Cannabis in the United States of America as more states legalize its use. Complete chemical analyses of this material can vary considerably between producers and is often not fully provided to consumers. As phytochemists in a state with legal medical Cannabis we sought to characterize the accumulation of phytochemicals in material grown by licensed commercial producers. We report the development of a simple extraction and analysis method, amenable to use by commercial laboratories for the detection and quantification of both cannabinoids and terpenoids. Through analysis of developing flowers on plants, we can identify sources of variability of floral metabolites due to flower maturity and position on the plant. The terpenoid composition varied by accession and was used to cluster cannabis strains into specific types. Inclusion of terpenoids with cannabinoids in the analysis of medical cannabis should be encouraged, as both of these classes of compounds could play a role in the beneficial medical effects of different cannabis strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D. Richins
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, United States of America
- Rio Grande Analytics, Las Cruces, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Laura Rodriguez-Uribe
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Kiah Lowe
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Rebekah Ferral
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Mary A. O’Connell
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Bioassay guided fractionation and cytotoxic activity of Daucus carota var. boissieri. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fjps.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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13
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Wicaksono WA, Sansom CE, Eirian Jones E, Perry NB, Monk J, Ridgway HJ. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with Leptospermum scoparium (mānuka): effects on plant growth and essential oil content. Symbiosis 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-017-0506-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Basholli-Salihu M, Schuster R, Hajdari A, Mulla D, Viernstein H, Mustafa B, Mueller M. Phytochemical composition, anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic effects of essential oils from three Pinus spp. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:1553-1560. [PMID: 28385055 PMCID: PMC6130611 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1309555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Context: Inflammation and cell differentiation lead to a number of severe diseases. In the recent years, various studies focused on the anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity of essential oils (EOs) of numerous plants, including different Pinus species. Objective: The phytochemical composition, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity of EOs from needles and twigs of Pinus heldreichii Christ (Pinaceae) and P. peuce Griseb., and from needles, twigs and cones of P. mugo Turra were determined. Materials and methods: For separation and identification of the EOs, gas chromatography/flame ion detector (GC/FID) and GC/mass spectrometry were performed. The amount of secreted IL-6 in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage model was quantified (concentration of oils: 0.0001–0.2%, 3 h incubation). Cytotoxicity on the cancer cell lines HeLa, CaCo-2 and MCF-7 were determined using a MTT (Thiazolyl Blue Tetrazolium Bromide) assay (concentration of oils: 0.001–0.1%, 24 h incubation). Results: The most prominent members in the oils include: δ-3-carene, α-pinene and linalool-acetate (P. mugo); α-pinene, β-phellandrene and β-pinene (P. peuce); limonene, α-pinene and (E)-caryophyllene (P. heldreichii). EOs showed significant cytotoxic effects on cancer cell lines (IC50 0.007 to >0.1%), with a reduction in cell viability with up to 90% at a concentration of 0.1%, and anti-inflammatory activity (IC50 0.0008–0.02%) with a reduction of IL-6 secretion with up to 60% at a concentration of 0.01%. Discussion and conclusion: The EOs of needles and twigs from P. peuce and P. heldreichii as well as of needles, twigs and cones of P. mugo can be considered as promising agents for anticancer and anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimoza Basholli-Salihu
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics , University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria.,b Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine , University of Prishtina , Prishtina , Kosovo
| | - Roswitha Schuster
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics , University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Avni Hajdari
- c Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematical and Natural Science , University of Prishtina , Pristhina , Kosovo.,d Institute of Biological and Environmental Research, University of Prishtina , Prishtinë , Kosovo
| | - Dafina Mulla
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics , University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria.,b Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine , University of Prishtina , Prishtina , Kosovo
| | - Helmut Viernstein
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics , University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Behxhet Mustafa
- c Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematical and Natural Science , University of Prishtina , Pristhina , Kosovo.,d Institute of Biological and Environmental Research, University of Prishtina , Prishtinë , Kosovo
| | - Monika Mueller
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics , University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
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Gaire S, O'Connell M, Holguin FO, Amatya A, Bundy S, Romero A. Insecticidal Properties of Essential Oils and Some of Their Constituents on the Turkestan Cockroach (Blattodea: Blattidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 110:584-592. [PMID: 28334192 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tox035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Turkestan cockroach, Blatta lateralis (Walker), has become the most important peridomestic species in urban areas of the Southwestern United States. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of botanical compounds to control this urban pest. We tested the acute toxicity and repellency of six botanical constituents and three essential oils on Turkestan cockroach nymphs. Chemical composition of the essential oils was also determined. Topical and fumigant assays with nymphs showed that thymol was the most toxic essential oil constituent, with a LD50 of 0.34 mg/nymph and a LC50 of 27.6 mg/liter air, respectively. Contact toxicity was also observed in assays with trans-Cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, geraniol, methyl eugenol, and p-Cymene. Methyl eugenol and geraniol had limited fumigant toxicity. The essential oils from red thyme, clove bud, and Java citronella exhibited toxicity against nymphs. Cockroaches avoided fresh dry residues of thymol and essential oils. Chemical analysis of the essential oils confirmed high contents of effective essential oil constituents. Our results demonstrated that essential oils and some of their constituents have potential as eco-friendly insecticides for the management of Turkestan cockroaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Gaire
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Weed Science New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003 (; ; )
| | - Mary O'Connell
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003 (; )
| | - Francisco O Holguin
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003 (; )
| | - Anup Amatya
- Department of Public Health Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003
| | - Scott Bundy
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Weed Science New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003 (; ; )
| | - Alvaro Romero
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Weed Science New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003 (; ; )
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Characterization of Anemopsis californica essential oil–β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex as antioxidant prolonged-release system. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-016-0125-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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17
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da Silva JKR, Silva NNS, Santana JFS, Andrade EHA, Maia JGS, Setzer WN. Phenylpropanoid-rich Essential Oils of Piper Species from the Amazon and their Antifungal and Anti-cholinesterase Activities. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601101233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential oils (EOs) from aerial parts of Piper aduncum, P. callosum and P. marginatum, collected from the Amazon region of Brazil, were analyzed by GC-MS and then evaluated for their antifungal and anticholinesterase activities. The essential oils were dominated by phenylpropanoids, such as dillapiole (73.0%) in P. aduncum, safrole (66.0%) in P. callosum and 3,4-methylenedioxypropiophenone (21.8%) in P. marginatum. The analyzed oils showed low to moderate antifungal activity, with detection limits (DL) from 10 to 100 μg against Cladosporium cladosporioides and C. sphareospermum. In the anticholinesterase (AChE) evaluation, the oils of P. callosum (DL = 0.01 ng) and P. marginatum (DL = 0.01 ng) were one hundred times more potent than the standard physostigmine (DL = 1.0 ng). Molecular docking analysis showed that phenylpropanoids docked reasonably well with acetylcholinesterase and may be responsible for the anti-AChE activities of the Piper EOs. This is the first presentation about acetylcholinesterase inhibition by methylenedioxyphenyl-propanoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Kelly R. da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA 6075-970, Brazil
| | - Nayla N. S. Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA 6075-970, Brazil
| | - Jessica Fernanda S. Santana
- Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA 6075-970, Brazil
| | | | - José Guilherme S. Maia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, PA 68035-110, Brazil
| | - William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
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Sun L, Zhang J, Zhao S, Pan Q, Zhang H, Liu H, Zhang Z. Chromatographic Fingerprint-Bioactivity Relationships of the Antitumor Properties of Bufo bufo gargarizans Skin Extracts. ANAL SCI 2016; 32:969-73. [PMID: 27682402 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.32.969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Statistical analyses of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based chemical fingerprints of Bufo bufo gargarizans toad skin extracts were integrated with antitumor evaluations as a means to more effectively identify bioactive constituents. Specifically, chemical fingerprints of Bufo bufo gargarizans skin extract samples obtained from ten different regions in China were generated by HPLC, and then subjected to similarity analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). Concurrently, a MCF-7 breast cancer cell model was adopted to obtain the antitumor activity of different toad skin extracts. The chromatographic fingerprint-bioactivity relationships of the Bufo bufo gargarizans extracts were then evaluated by Pearson correlation analysis. The results demonstrated that all skin extract samples inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells to some extent, and that there was a correlation between the chemical fingerprints and the anti-proliferative activity. Bufotalin, bufalin, and cinobufagin, three known components of Bufo bufo gargarizans that were identified in the chemical fingerprints, were highlighted as constituents responsible for the observed bioactivity. The activity of cinobufagin was confirmed by cell viability and colony formation assays using MCF-7 cells. The approach documented here provides a more effective means to associate chemical information on medicinal extracts with the principle components responsible for their bioactivity, and to therefore expedite drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Sun
- Anhui Engineering Technology Research Center of Biochemicals, Department of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College
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Integrated approaches for identification of promising populations of Valeriana jatamansi in West Himalaya. JOURNAL OF ASIA-PACIFIC BIODIVERSITY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japb.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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20
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Malsawmtluangi L, Nautiyal BP, Hazarika T, Chauhan RS, Tava A. Essential oil composition of bark and leaves ofCinammoum verumBertch. & Presl from Mizoram, North East India. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2016.1167131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Impact of Altitudes and Habitats on Valerenic Acid, Total Phenolics, Flavonoids, Tannins, and Antioxidant Activity of Valeriana jatamansi. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 179:911-26. [PMID: 26971960 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The changes in total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, valerenic acid, and antioxidant activity were assessed in 25 populations of Valeriana jatamansi sampled from 1200 to 2775 m asl and four habitat types of Uttarakhand, West Himalaya. Significant (p < 0.05) variations in total phenolics, flavonoids, valerenic acid, and antioxidant activity in aerial and root portions and across the populations were observed. Antioxidant activity measured by three in vitro antioxidant assays, i.e., 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic) (ABTS) radical scavenging, 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picryylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, showed significant (p < 0.05) differences across the populations. However, no clear pattern was found in phytochemicals across the altitudinal range. Among habitat types, (pine, oak, mixed forest, and grassy land), variation in phytochemical content and antioxidant activity were observed. Equal class ranking, neighbor-joining cluster analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA) identified Talwari, Jaberkhet, Manjkhali, and Khirshu populations as promising sources with higher phytochemicals and antioxidant activity. The results recommended that the identified populations with higher value of phytochemicals and antioxidants can be utilized for mass multiplication and breeding program to meet the domestic as well as commercial demand.
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Shebaby WN, Daher CF, El-Sibai M, Bodman-Smith K, Mansour A, Karam MC, Mroueh M. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of the oil fractions from wild carrot (Daucus carota ssp. carota). PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2015; 53:1285-1294. [PMID: 25856705 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.976349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Wild carrot, Daucus carota L. ssp. carota (Apiacae), is widely distributed throughout the world and has various uses in traditional medicine in Lebanon. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to fractionate and analyze the chemical composition of the Daucus carota oil extract (DCOE) fractions and to evaluate their antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS DCOE was chromatographed on silica gel column to produce four fractions: pentane (F1), 50:50 pentane:diethyl ether (F2), diethyl ether (F3), and 93:7 chloroform: methanol (F4). Qualitative and quantitative analyses of oil fractions were performed by GC-MS and HPLC techniques. The in vitro antioxidant properties were assessed using DPPH, FIC, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The hepatoprotective property was determined by examining the levels of serum markers (alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST)) and hepatic antioxidant (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST)) enzymes in CCl4-intoxicated mice pretreated with intraperitoenal 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg b.w. of the oil fractions for 5 d. RESULTS GCMS analysis of F2 revealed the presence of 2-himachalen-6-ol (61.4%) which is reported for the first time in Daucus carota species. F3 and F4 were rich in phenolics and flavonoids and demonstrated significant DPPH activity (IC50 = 0.29 and 0.38 mg/ml, respectively) and high FRAP values (225.11 and 437.59 µmol FeSO4/g, respectively). The sesquiterpene-rich fraction F1 had the highest FIC ability (IC50 = 0.28 mg/ml). Pretreatment with F1 and F4 reversed the CCl4-induced decrease in SOD, CAT, and GST levels and reduced significantly hepatic damage. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The current results suggested that wild carrot oil fractions exhibited a unique chemical composition and possessed significant antioxidant activities as well as hepatoprotective effects against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassim N Shebaby
- Department of Microbial and Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey , UK
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Zhuang T, Li F, Huang LR, Liang JY, Qu W. Secondary Metabolites from the Plants of the Family Saururaceae and Their Biological Properties. Chem Biodivers 2015; 12:194-220. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201300342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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24
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Shebaby WN, Bodman-Smith KB, Mansour A, Mroueh M, Taleb RI, El-Sibai M, Daher CF. Daucus carota Pentane-Based Fractions Suppress Proliferation and Induce Apoptosis in Human Colon Adenocarcinoma HT-29 Cells by Inhibiting the MAPK and PI3K Pathways. J Med Food 2015; 18:745-52. [PMID: 25599142 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2014.3225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Daucus carota L. ssp. carota (Apiacea, wild carrot, Queen Anne's lace) has been used in folk medicine throughout the world and recently was shown to possess anticancer and antioxidant activities. This study aims to determine the anticancer activity of the pentane fraction (F1) and the 1:1 pentane:diethyl ether fraction (F2) of the Daucus Carota oil extract (DCOE) against human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines (HT-29 and Caco-2). Treatment of cells with various concentrations of F1 or F2 fractions produced a dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that both fractions induced sub-G1 phase accumulation and increased apoptotic cell death. Western blot revealed the activation of caspase-3, PARP cleavage, and a considerable increase in Bax and p53 levels, and a decrease in Bcl-2 level. Treatment of HT-29 cells with either fraction markedly decreased the levels of both phosphorylated Erk and Akt. Furthermore, the combined treatment of F1 or F2 with wortmannin showed no added inhibition of cell survival suggesting an effect of F1 or F2 through the phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway. This study proposes that DCOE fractions (F1 and F2) inhibit cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HT-29 cells through the suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/Erk and PI3K/Akt pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassim N Shebaby
- 1 Department of Microbial and Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey , Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - K B Bodman-Smith
- 1 Department of Microbial and Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey , Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Mansour
- 2 School of Medicine, Lebanese American University , Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Mohamad Mroueh
- 3 School of Pharmacy, Lebanese American University , Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Robin I Taleb
- 4 Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University , Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mirvat El-Sibai
- 4 Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University , Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Costantine F Daher
- 4 Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University , Beirut, Lebanon
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25
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Antitumor phenylpropanoids found in essential oils. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:392674. [PMID: 25949996 PMCID: PMC4408748 DOI: 10.1155/2015/392674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The search for new bioactive substances with anticancer activity and the understanding of their mechanisms of action are high-priorities in the research effort toward more effective treatments for cancer. The phenylpropanoids are natural products found in many aromatic and medicinal plants, food, and essential oils. They exhibit various pharmacological activities and have applications in the pharmaceutical industry. In this review, the anticancer potential of 17 phenylpropanoids and derivatives from essential oils is discussed. Chemical structures, experimental report, and mechanisms of action of bioactive substances are presented.
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Shebaby WN, Mroueh M, Bodman-Smith K, Mansour A, Taleb RI, Daher CF, El-Sibai M. Daucus carota pentane-based fractions arrest the cell cycle and increase apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Altern Ther Health Med 2014; 14:387. [PMID: 25300932 PMCID: PMC4203935 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Daucus carota L.ssp.carota (wild carrot), an herb used in folk medicine worldwide, was recently demonstrated to exhibit anticancer activity. In this study we examined the anticancer effect of Daucus carota oil extract (DCOE) fractions on the human breast adenocarcinoma cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 and clarified the mechanism of action. Methods and results Using the WST assay, the pentane fraction (F1) and 1:1 pentane:diethyl ether fraction (F2) were shown to possess the highest cytotoxicity against both cell lines. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that both fractions induced the accumulation of cells in the sub-G1 phase, increase in apoptotic cell death and chromatin condensation. The increase in apoptosis in response to treatment was also apparent in the increase in BAX and the decrease in Bcl-2 levels as well as the proteolytic cleavage of both caspase-3 and PARP as revealed by Western blot. Furthermore, treatment of MDA-MB-231 cells with either fraction significantly reduced the level of phosphorylated Erk but did not show any effect on phosphorylated Akt. The combined treatment with a potent PI3K inhibitor (wortmannin) and F1 or F2 fraction had a synergistic inhibitory effect on cell survival which shows that these two drugs work on different pathways. Conclusions These results suggest that the pentane-based fractions of DCOE possess potential anti-cancer activity that is mainly mediated through the Erk pathway. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1472-6882-14-387) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Jayakumar KS, Sajan JS, Aswati Nair R, Padmesh Pillai P, Deepu S, Padmaja R, Agarwal A, Pandurangan AG. Corosolic acid content and SSR markers in Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers.: a comparative analysis among populations across the Southern Western Ghats of India. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2014; 106:94-103. [PMID: 25092227 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 05/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Lagerstroemia speciosa commonly known as 'Banaba' is native of south-east Asia which exhibits both horticultural and therapeutic value. The anti-diabetic and anti-obese property of the tree is attributed to corosolic acid (CRA)-a pentacyclic triterpene seen predominantly in the mature leaves. Although there are studies on either chemical or genetic variation in L. speciosa from different regions, none have dealt with their association to discuss the formation of chemical diversity. For the first time, we have analyzed CRA content in 12 natural populations corresponding to 42 samples seen in the Southern Western Ghats (SWG) using chromatography techniques and genetic variation estimated using SSR markers. Significant variation in percentage distribution of CRA ranging from 0.005% to 0.868% dr.wt. was recorded wherein populations from the north SWG contain relatively more active principle (mean=0.321%) than their counterparts in the south (mean=0.064%). Similarly, SSR data showing relatively high rate of gene flow (Nm=2.72) and low genetic differentiation (FST=0.14) is indicative that populations from north are genetically more diverse than those in the south (Nm=0.48; FST=0.38). The scatter plot derived by Principle Component Analysis (PCA) of chemical and genetic data shows similar pattern of clustering that reveals strong association between the two sets of data. It is concluded that the observed variation in CRA content in natural populations of the species depends more on the genetic background and less on edaphic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Jayakumar
- Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden & Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram 695 562, Kerala, India
| | - J S Sajan
- Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden & Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram 695 562, Kerala, India
| | - R Aswati Nair
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Calicut, India
| | - P Padmesh Pillai
- Biotechnology & Bioinformatics Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden & Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram 695 562, Kerala, India.
| | - S Deepu
- Plant Systematics & Evolutionary Sciences Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden & Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram 695 562, Kerala, India
| | - R Padmaja
- R&D Centre, Natural Remedies Pvt. Ltd., Plot 5B, Veerasandra Industrial Area, Electronic City PO, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560 100, Karnataka, India
| | - A Agarwal
- R&D Centre, Natural Remedies Pvt. Ltd., Plot 5B, Veerasandra Industrial Area, Electronic City PO, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560 100, Karnataka, India
| | - A G Pandurangan
- Plant Systematics & Evolutionary Sciences Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden & Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram 695 562, Kerala, India
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Antimutagenicity of Methanolic Extracts from Anemopsis californica in Relation to Their Antioxidant Activity. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:273878. [PMID: 25152760 PMCID: PMC4135139 DOI: 10.1155/2014/273878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Anemopsis californica has been used empirically to treat infectious diseases. However, there are no antimutagenic evaluation reports on this plant. The present study evaluated the antioxidant activity in relation to the mutagenic and antimutagenic activity properties of leaf (LME) and stem (SME) methanolic extracts of A. californica collected in the central Mexican state of Querétaro. Antioxidant properties and total phenols of extracts were evaluated using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and Folin-Ciocalteu methods, respectively. Mutagenicity was evaluated using the Ames test employing Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains (TA98, TA100, and TA102), with and without an aroclor 1254 (S9 mixture). Antimutagenesis was performed against mutations induced on the Ames test with MNNG, 2AA, or 4NQO. SME presented the highest antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content. None of the extracts exhibited mutagenicity in the Ames test. The extracts produced a significant reduction in 2AA-induced mutations in S. typhimurium TA98. In both extracts, mutagenesis induced by 4NQO or methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) was reduced only if the exposure of strains was <10 μg/Petri dish. A. californca antioxidant properties and its capacity to reduce point mutations render it suitable to enhance medical cancer treatments. The significant effect against antimutagenic 2AA suggests that their consumption would provide protection against carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic compounds.
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Bussey RO, Sy-Cordero AA, Figueroa M, Carter FS, Falkinham JO, Oberlies NH, Cech NB. Antimycobacterial furofuran lignans from the roots of Anemopsis californica. PLANTA MEDICA 2014; 80:498-501. [PMID: 24687738 PMCID: PMC4586282 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1368352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Topical preparations of Anemopsis californica have been used by Native American tribes in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico to treat inflammation and infections. We report results of bioassay-guided isolation conducted on a sample of A. californica roots. The furofuran lignans sesamin (1) and asarinin (2) were isolated and shown to have MIC values ranging from 23 to 395 µM against five different species of environmental nontuberculous mycobacteria. These findings are significant given that these bacteria can cause skin, pulmonary, and lymphatic infections. Crude A. californica extracts were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and it was determined that sesamin and asarinin were extracted at relatively high levels from the roots (1.7-3.1 g/kg and 1.1-1.7 g/kg, respectively), but at lower levels from the leaves (0.13 g/kg for both compounds). Our findings suggest that the majority of activity of crude A. californica root extracts against nontuberculous mycobacteria can be attributed to the presence of sesamin and asarinin. This paper is the first to report the isolation of these compounds from a member of the Saururaceae family, and the first to describe their activity against nontuberculous mycobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert O Bussey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 24702
| | - Arlene A Sy-Cordero
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 24702
| | - Mario Figueroa
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico DF 04510, Mexico
| | - Fredrick S. Carter
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 24702
| | - Joseph O. Falkinham
- Department of Biological Sciences and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Tech., Blacksburg, VA 24061
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 24702
| | - Nadja B. Cech
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 24702
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Abstract
The ever-increasing emergence of the resistance of mammalian tumor cells to chemotherapy and its severe side effects reduces the clinical efficacy of a large variety of anticancer agents that are currently in use. Thus, despite the significant progress in cancer therapeutics in the last decades, the need to discover and to develop new, alternative, or synergistic anticancer agents remains. Cancer prevention or chemotherapy based on bioactive fractions or pure components derived from desert plants with known cancer-inhibiting properties suggests promising alternatives to current cancer therapy. Plants growing on low nutrient soils and/or under harsh climatic conditions, such as extreme temperatures, intense solar radiation, and water scarcity, are particularly susceptible to attack from reactive oxygen species and have evolved efficient antioxidation defense systems. The many examples of desert plants displaying anticancer effects as presented here indicates that the same defensive secondary metabolites protecting them against the harsh environment may also play a protective or a curative role against cancer, as they also do against diabetes, neurodegenerative, and other acute and chronic diseases. The present review highlights a plethora of studies focused on the antineoplastic properties of desert plants and their prinicipal phytochemicals, such as saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenes. Although many desert plants have been investigated for their antitumor properties, there are many that still remain to be explored - a challenge for the prospective cancer therapy of the future.
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Lizette Del-Toro-Sánchez C, Villaseñor-Alvarado S, Zurita-Martínez F, Castellanos-Hernández OA, Rodríguez-Sahagún A, Isabel Torres-Morán M, Rojas-Bravo D, Gutiérrez-Lomelí M. Optimization of DNA isolation and PCR protocol for analysis and evaluation of genetic diversity of the medicinal plant, Anemopsis californica using RAPD. ACTA BIOLOGICA HUNGARICA 2013; 64:184-95. [PMID: 23739887 DOI: 10.1556/abiol.64.2013.2.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Anemopsis californica is a perennial herbaceous plant that has been utilized as a medicinal plant for the treatment of various diseases. The present work was carried out with the objective of optimizing a method of extraction of the genomic DNA of A. californica and a PCR protocol and later to evaluate the existing genetic diversity among the genotypes deriving from different origins. For DNA extraction, we tested four procedures: with the CTA B-2 protocol, we obtained the highest yield (61.5±2.2 μg DNA/g of leaf tissues) and the best quality (A260/280 1.83±0.022). To estimate genetic variability, we utilized the randomly amplified polymorphism DNA (RAPD) technique, employing 20 oligonucleotides, of which only 18 generated reproducible banding patterns, producing 123 polymorphic bands generated, thus obtaining a polymorphism rate of 93.93% among the genotypes analyzed. The Jaccard similarity coefficient generated a variation ranging from 0.325-0.921, indicating a high level of genetic variation among the studied genotypes. An Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) group analysis indicated six distinct groups. The present optimized method for DNA isolation and RAPD protocol may serve as an efficient tool for further molecular studies.
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Singh SK, Katoch R, Kapila RK. Chemotypic variation for essential oils inValeriana jatamansiJones populations from Himachal Pradesh. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2013.767757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Chen YC, Tien YJ, Chen CH, Beltran FN, Amor EC, Wang RJ, Wu DJ, Mettling C, Lin YL, Yang WC. Morus alba and active compound oxyresveratrol exert anti-inflammatory activity via inhibition of leukocyte migration involving MEK/ERK signaling. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 13:45. [PMID: 23433072 PMCID: PMC3639811 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morus alba has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat inflammatory diseases; however, the scientific basis for such usage and the mechanism of action are not well understood. This study investigated the action of M. alba on leukocyte migration, one key step in inflammation. METHODS Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and cluster analyses of supercritical CO2 extracts of three Morus species were performed for chemotaxonomy-aided plant authentication. Phytochemistry and CXCR4-mediated chemotaxis assays were used to characterize the chemical and biological properties of M. alba and its active compound, oxyresveratrol. fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and Western blot analyses were conducted to determine the mode of action of oxyresveratrol. RESULTS Chemotaxonomy was used to help authenticate M. alba. Chemotaxis-based isolation identified oxyresveratrol as an active component in M. alba. Phytochemical and chemotaxis assays showed that the crude extract, ethyl acetate fraction and oxyresveratrol from M. alba suppressed cell migration of Jurkat T cells in response to SDF-1. Mechanistic study indicated that oxyresveratrol diminished CXCR4-mediated T-cell migration via inhibition of the MEK/ERK signaling cascade. CONCLUSIONS A combination of GC-MS and cluster analysis techniques are applicable for authentication of the Morus species. Anti-inflammatory benefits of M. alba and its active compound, oxyresveratrol, may involve the inhibition of CXCR-4-mediated chemotaxis and MEK/ERK pathway in T and other immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ching Chen
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 11501, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Jing Tien
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Houh Chen
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Francesca N Beltran
- Institute of Chemistry, College of Science, University of the Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Evangeline C Amor
- Institute of Chemistry, College of Science, University of the Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Ran-Juh Wang
- Miaoli District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Den-Jen Wu
- Miaoli District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Clément Mettling
- Institut de Génétique Humaine (CNRS UPR-1142), Montpellier, France
| | - Yea-Lih Lin
- Institut de Génétique Humaine (CNRS UPR-1142), Montpellier, France
| | - Wen-Chin Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 11501, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Institute of Pharmacology, Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
- Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
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Thai TH, Bazzali O, Hoi TM, Tuan NA, Tomi F, Casanova J, Bighelli A. Chemical Composition of the Essential Oils from Two Vietnamese Asarum Species: A. glabrum and A. cordifolium. Nat Prod Commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1300800227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential oil isolated from Asarum cordifolium C. E. C. Fischer recently discovered in Vietnam, and A. glabrum Merr., an endangered species listed as vulnerable in the Red Data Book of Vietnam, have been analyzed by a combination of chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques including 13C NMR spectroscopy. The composition of A. cordifolium essential oil, investigated for the first time, was dominated by elemicin (82.5%). The essential oil isolated from A. glabrum contained safrole (41.9%) as its major component and was characterized by the diversity of phenylpropanoids contained in this oil (10 compounds).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Huy Thai
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ophélie Bazzali
- Université de Corse-CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, Équipe Chimie et Biomasse, Route des Sanguinaires, 20000 Ajaccio, France
| | - Tran Minh Hoi
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Félix Tomi
- Université de Corse-CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, Équipe Chimie et Biomasse, Route des Sanguinaires, 20000 Ajaccio, France
| | - Joseph Casanova
- Université de Corse-CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, Équipe Chimie et Biomasse, Route des Sanguinaires, 20000 Ajaccio, France
| | - Ange Bighelli
- Université de Corse-CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, Équipe Chimie et Biomasse, Route des Sanguinaires, 20000 Ajaccio, France
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He M, Li Y, Yan J, Cao D, Liang Y. Analysis of Essential Oils and Fatty Acids from Platycodi Radix using Chemometric Methods and Retention Indices. J Chromatogr Sci 2012; 51:318-30. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bms143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Shebaby WN, El-Sibai M, Smith KB, Karam MC, Mroueh M, Daher CF. The Antioxidant and Anticancer Effects of Wild Carrot Oil Extract. Phytother Res 2012; 27:737-44. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Revised: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wassim Nasri Shebaby
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Microbial and Cellular Sciences; University of Surrey; UK
| | - Mirvat El-Sibai
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences; Lebanese American University; P.O. Box 36 Byblos Lebanon
| | - Kikki Bodman- Smith
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Microbial and Cellular Sciences; University of Surrey; UK
| | | | - Mohamad Mroueh
- School of Pharmacy; Lebanese American University; P.O. Box 36 Byblos Lebanon
| | - Costantine F. Daher
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences; Lebanese American University; P.O. Box 36 Byblos Lebanon
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Myrtenal, a natural monoterpene, down-regulates TNF-α expression and suppresses carcinogen-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2012; 369:183-93. [PMID: 22763672 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-012-1381-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common cancers and lethal diseases in the world. Recently, many researchers focused to identify novel chemotherapeutic agents from natural sources against hepatocarcinogenesis. The diverse therapeutic potential of essential oils has drawn the attention of researchers to test them for anticancer activity, taking advantage of the fact that their mechanism of action is dissimilar to that of chemotherapeutic agents. Earlier reports indicated that essential oil components, especially monoterpenes, have multiple pharmacological effects which could account for the terpene-tumor suppressive activity. In the present study, it is shown that myrtenal, a natural monoterpene, which acts as an antineoplastic agent against diethylnitrosamine induced phenobarbital promoted experimental hepatocellular carcinoma. The results revealed an elevated level of microsomal lipid peroxidation in the liver, which was found to be significantly reduced by myrtenal treatment. On the contrary, the Phase I hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes' (cytochrome P(450), cytochrome b(5), NADPH-cytochrome c reductase, NADH-cytochrome b(5) reductase) levels were decreased and the Phase II enzymes (glutathione-S-transferase, uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronyl transferase) were increased in carcinogen-administered animals, which were reverted to near normalcy upon myrtenal administration. Our findings also showed that myrtenal restrains the liver cancer by preventing the DEN-PB induced up-regulation of TNF-α protein expression by immunoblot. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopic examination also indicated that myrtenal prevents the carcinogen-induced changes in the architecture of liver tissue and cell structure. Thus, this study shows that myrtenal has the ability to suppress the hepatocellular carcinoma in rats.
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Myrtenal attenuates diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats by stabilizing intrinsic antioxidants and modulating apoptotic and anti-apoptotic cascades. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2012; 35:269-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s13402-012-0086-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Tan KH, Nishida R. Methyl eugenol: its occurrence, distribution, and role in nature, especially in relation to insect behavior and pollination. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2012; 12:56. [PMID: 22963669 PMCID: PMC3500151 DOI: 10.1673/031.012.5601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Accepted: 08/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This review discusses the occurrence and distribution (within a plant) of methyl eugenol in different plant species (> 450) from 80 families spanning many plant orders, as well as various roles this chemical plays in nature, especially in the interactions between tephritid fruit flies and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keng Hong Tan
- Tan Hak Heng, 20, Jalan Tan Jit Seng, 11200 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Ritsuo Nishida
- Laboratory of Chemical Ecology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606–8502, Japan
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40
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Chemical composition, in vitro cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of the essential oil and major constituents of Cymbopogon jawarancusa (Kashmir). Food Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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41
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Adorjan B, Buchbauer G. Biological properties of essential oils: an updated review. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Kaminski CN, Ferrey SL, Lowrey T, Guerra L, VAN Slambrouck S, Steelant WFA. In vitro anticancer activity of Anemopsis californica. Oncol Lett 2010; 1:711-715. [PMID: 21941602 DOI: 10.3892/ol_00000124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Three different extract conditions (aqueous, EtOH and EtOAc) of four different parts (bracts, leaves, roots and stems) of the plant Anemopsis californica (A. californica) were evaluated for their effect on the growth and migration of human colon cancer cells, HCT-8, and the breast cancer cell lines Hs 578T and MCF-7/AZ. Our aim was to identify potential anticancer activity in crude A. californica extracts, given that this plant is used by Native Americans to treat a variety of diseases, including cancer. Our results demonstrated that for each of the cell lines tested, the majority of ethyl acetate extracts of all the plant parts are more toxic than the aqueous and ethanol extracts. Furthermore, significant growth inhibitory activity against the three cell lines was found for the ethyl acetate extract of the roots, while the aqueous extract of the roots influenced the migratory capacity of the three cell lines. This study provides evidence for the anticancer properties of A. californica when extracted in water and ethyl acetate, and supports the importance for further purification of the crude extracts and isolation of potential new anticancer compounds through bio-guided fractionation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine N Kaminski
- Laboratory of Biochemical and Biomedical Research, Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Tech, Socorro
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Capua CJ, Hopson NP, Stewart CMM, Johnston GR, O'Neill KL, Schaalje GB, Lee CM, Booth GM. Cytotoxicity of Atriplex confertifolia. J Toxicol 2010; 2010:976548. [PMID: 20339584 PMCID: PMC2841249 DOI: 10.1155/2010/976548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2009] [Accepted: 01/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for cancer treatment continues to be a global effort. As part of this global effort, many natural products have been tested against cancer cell lines, mostly from tropically located plants. This study reports that extracts of Atriplex confertifolia (Torr. and Frem.) S. Watson (Chenopodiaceae), a native North American plant (also known as shadscale or saltbush), has significant bioactivity against human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7, MDA-MB 435, MDA-MB 231, and HeLa cells (cervical cancer cells). The bioactivity of A. confertifolia extracts on these cells lines was compared to an FDA-approved cancer drug (Onxol((R))) and an industry-standard leukocyte control cell line. Active portions of the extracts were found primarily in the polar fractions of the plant. A dose-response curve of the extracts displayed significant cell death similar to Onxol((R)). The plant extracts did not significantly inhibit the viability of the leukocyte cell line. In a timed study, over 90% of cell lines MDA-MB 435 and HeLa died after 24 hours. Cell death appears to result from apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Capua
- Department of Plant and Wildlife Science, Brigham Young University, 275 Widtsoe Building, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Nick P. Hopson
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, 775 Widtsoe Building, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - C. Malcolm M. Stewart
- Department of Statistics, Brigham Young University, 230 Talmage Building, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - G. Robert Johnston
- Department of Plant and Wildlife Science, Brigham Young University, 275 Widtsoe Building, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Kim L. O'Neill
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, 775 Widtsoe Building, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - G. Bruce Schaalje
- Department of Statistics, Brigham Young University, 230 Talmage Building, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Christopher M. Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Care NW, 601 S. Sherman Avenue, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
| | - Gary M. Booth
- Department of Plant and Wildlife Science, Brigham Young University, 275 Widtsoe Building, Provo, UT 84602, USA
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Chien SC, Young PH, Hsu YJ, Chen CH, Tien YJ, Shiu SY, Li TH, Yang CW, Marimuthu P, Tsai LFL, Yang WC. Anti-diabetic properties of three common Bidens pilosa variants in Taiwan. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2009; 70:1246-1254. [PMID: 19683775 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2008] [Revised: 06/06/2009] [Accepted: 07/07/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Bidens pilosa L. var. radiata (BPR), B. pilosa L. var. pilosa (BPP), and B. pilosa L. var. minor (BPM) are common variants of a plant often used as a folk remedy for diabetes in Taiwan. However, the three variants are often misidentified and little is known about their relative anti-diabetic efficacy and chemical composition. In this paper, we have first developed a method based on GC-MS and cluster analysis with visualization to assist in rapidly determining the taxonomy of these three Bidens variants. GC-MS was used to determine the chemical compositions of supercritical extracts, and differences and similarities in the variants were determined by hierarchical cluster analysis. Next, the HPLC profiles of the methanol crude extracts in the Bidens plants and evaluated anti-diabetic effects of methanol crude extracts were compared, as well as three polyacetylenic compounds of the Bidens plants using db/db mice. Single-dose and long-term experiments showed that the BPR extract had higher glucose-lowering and insulin-releasing activities than extracts from the other two variants, and that cytopiloyne was the most effective pure compound among the three polyacetylenic compounds. BPR extract and cytopiloyne also significantly reduced the percentage of the glycosylated hemoglobin A1c in db/db mice. Besides, both animal studies and HPLC analysis demonstrated a good correlation between anti-diabetic efficacy of the Bidens extracts and the particular polyacetylenes present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chang Chien
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, ROC
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Spectrum-effect relationships between ultra performance liquid chromatography fingerprints and anti-bacterial activities of Rhizoma coptidis. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 634:279-85. [PMID: 19185133 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2008] [Accepted: 01/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The fingerprints of Rhizoma coptidis from various sources were established by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and the anti-bacterial activities of R. coptidis on Escherichia coli (E. coli) growth was studied by microcalarimetry. The UPLC fingerprints were evaluated using similarity analysis (SA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). Some quantitative parameters obtained from the thermo-genic curves of E. coli growth affected by R. coptidis were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). The spectrum-effect relationships between UPLC fingerprints and anti-bacterial activities were investigated using canonical correlation analysis (CCA). The results showed that close correlation existed between the spectrum-effect relationships. Berberine, jateorrhizine and palmatine in the UPLC fingerprints might be the main anti-bacterial components. The anti-bacterial activities of R. coptidis were related with the main active constituents, along with the production place and the harvesting time of this herb, the latitude and longitude of the place. This work provides a general model of the combination of UPLC and microcalorimetry to study the spectrum-effect relationships of R. coptidis, which can be used to discover principle components of it on bioactivity.
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