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Yang D, Hu C, Wang X, Shi G, Li Y, Fei Y, Song Y, Zhao X. Microbes: a potential tool for selenium biofortification. Metallomics 2021; 13:6363703. [PMID: 34477877 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfab054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a component of many enzymes and indispensable for human health due to its characteristics of reducing oxidative stress and enhancing immunity. Human beings take Se mainly from Se-containing crops. Taking measures to biofortify crops with Se may lead to improved public health. Se accumulation in plants mainly depends on the content and bioavailability of Se in soil. Beneficial microbes may change the chemical form and bioavailability of Se. This review highlights the potential role of microbes in promoting Se uptake and accumulation in crops and the related mechanisms. The potential approaches of microbial enhancement of Se biofortification can be summarized in the following four aspects: (1) microbes alter soil properties and impact the redox chemistry of Se to improve the bioavailability of Se in soil; (2) beneficial microbes regulate root morphology and stimulate the development of plants through the release of certain secretions, facilitating Se uptake in plants; (3) microbes upregulate the expression of certain genes and proteins that are related to Se metabolism in plants; and (4) the inoculation of microbes give rise to the generation of certain metabolites in plants contributing to Se absorption. Considering the ecological safety and economic feasibility, microbial enhancement is a potential tool for Se biofortification. For further study, the recombination and establishment of synthesis microbes is of potential benefit in Se-enrichment agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University/Hubei Provincial, Engineering Laboratory for New-Type Fertilizer/Research Center of Trace Elements/Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chengxiao Hu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University/Hubei Provincial, Engineering Laboratory for New-Type Fertilizer/Research Center of Trace Elements/Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-product of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guangyu Shi
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yanfeng Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University/Hubei Provincial, Engineering Laboratory for New-Type Fertilizer/Research Center of Trace Elements/Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuchen Fei
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University/Hubei Provincial, Engineering Laboratory for New-Type Fertilizer/Research Center of Trace Elements/Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yinran Song
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University/Hubei Provincial, Engineering Laboratory for New-Type Fertilizer/Research Center of Trace Elements/Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University/Hubei Provincial, Engineering Laboratory for New-Type Fertilizer/Research Center of Trace Elements/Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Wuhan 430070, China.,Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-product of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Raina M, Sharma A, Nazir M, Kumari P, Rustagi A, Hami A, Bhau BS, Zargar SM, Kumar D. Exploring the new dimensions of selenium research to understand the underlying mechanism of its uptake, translocation, and accumulation. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 171:882-895. [PMID: 33179766 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a vital mineral for both plants and animals. It is widely distributed on the earth's crust and is taken up by the plants as selenite or selenate. Plants substantially vary in their physiological response to Se. The amount of Se in edible plants is genetically controlled. Its availability can be determined by measuring its phytoavailability in soil. The low concentration of Se in plants can help them in combating stress, whereas higher concentrations can be detrimental to plant health and in most cases it is toxic. Thus, solving the double-edged sword problem of nutritional Se deficiency and its elevated concentrations in environment requires a better understanding of Se uptake and metabolism in plants. The studies on Se uptake and metabolism can help in genetic biofortification of Se in plants and also assist in phytoremediation. Moreover, Se uptake and transport, especially biochemical pathways of assimilation and incorporation into proteins, offers striking mechanisms of toxicity and tolerance. These developments have led to a revival of Se research in higher plants with significant break throughs being made in the previous years. This review explores the new dimensions of Se research with major emphasis on key research events related to Se undertaken in last few years. Further, we also discussed future possibilities in Se research for crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Raina
- Department of Botany, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani (Bagla), Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Akanksha Sharma
- Department of Botany, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani (Bagla), Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Muslima Nazir
- Center of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Punam Kumari
- Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore, Odisha, India
| | - Anjana Rustagi
- Department of Botany, Gargi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Ammarah Hami
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Brijmohan Singh Bhau
- Department of Botany, Central University of Jammu, Rahya-Suchani (Bagla), Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sajad Majeed Zargar
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Zhou Y, Tang Q, Wu M, Mou D, Liu H, Wang S, Zhang C, Ding L, Luo J. Comparative transcriptomics provides novel insights into the mechanisms of selenium tolerance in the hyperaccumulator plant Cardamine hupingshanensis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2789. [PMID: 29434336 PMCID: PMC5809607 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21268-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential mineral element for animals and humans. Cardamine hupingshanensis (Brassicaceae), found in the Wuling mountain area of China, has been identified as a novel Se hyperaccumulator plant. However, the mechanism for selenium tolerance in Cardamine plants remains unknown. In this study, two cDNA libraries were constructed from seedlings of C. hupingshanensis treated with selenite. Approximately 100 million clean sequencing reads were de novo assembled into 48,989 unigenes, of which 39,579 and 33,510 were expressed in the roots and leaves, respectively. Biological pathways and candidate genes involved in selenium tolerance mechanisms were identified. Differential expression analysis identified 25 genes located in four pathways that were significantly responsive to selenite in C. hupingshanensis seedlings. The results of RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) confirmed that storage function, oxidation, transamination and selenation play very important roles in the selenium tolerance in C. hupingshanensis. Furthermore, a different degradation pathway synthesizing malformed or deformed selenoproteins increased selenium tolerance at different selenite concentrations. This study provides novel insights into the mechanisms of selenium tolerance in a hyperaccumulator plant, and should serve as a rich gene resource for C. hupingshanensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization of Hubei Province, Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi, 44500, China.,Collage of Biological Science and Technology, Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi, 44500, China
| | - Qiaoyu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization of Hubei Province, Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi, 44500, China
| | - Meiru Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization of Hubei Province, Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi, 44500, China
| | - Di Mou
- Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization of Hubei Province, Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi, 44500, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Collage of Biological Science and Technology, Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi, 44500, China
| | - Shouchuang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Collage of Biological Science and Technology, Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi, 44500, China
| | - Li Ding
- Collage of Biological Science and Technology, Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi, 44500, China
| | - Jie Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Molecular cloning and functional identification of sterol C24-methyltransferase gene from Tripterygium wilfordii. Acta Pharm Sin B 2017; 7:603-609. [PMID: 28924554 PMCID: PMC5595292 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sterol C24-methyltransferase (SMT) plays multiple important roles in plant growth and development. SMT1, which belongs to the family of transferases and transforms cycloartenol into 24-methylene cycloartenol, is involved in the biosynthesis of 24-methyl sterols. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding a sterol C24-methyltransferase from Tripterygium wilfordii (TwSMT1). TwSMT1 (GenBank access number KU885950) is a 1530 bp cDNA with a 1041 bp open reading frame predicted to encode a 346-amino acid, 38.62 kDa protein. The polypeptide encoded by the SMT1 cDNA was expressed and purified as a recombinant protein from Escherichia coli (E. coli) and showed SMT activity. The expression of TwSMT1 was highly up-regulated in T. wilfordii cell suspension cultures treated with methyl jasmonate (MeJA). Tissue expression pattern analysis showed higher expression in the phellem layer compared to the other four organs (leaf, stem, xylem and phloem), which is about ten times that of the lowest expression in leaf. The results are meaningful for the study of sterol biosynthesis of T. wilfordii and will further lay the foundations for the research in regulating both the content of other main compounds and growth and development of T. wilfordii.
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Wiesner-Reinhold M, Schreiner M, Baldermann S, Schwarz D, Hanschen FS, Kipp AP, Rowan DD, Bentley-Hewitt KL, McKenzie MJ. Mechanisms of Selenium Enrichment and Measurement in Brassicaceous Vegetables, and Their Application to Human Health. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1365. [PMID: 28824693 PMCID: PMC5540907 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for human health. Se deficiency affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide, particularly in developing countries, and there is increasing awareness that suboptimal supply of Se can also negatively affect human health. Selenium enters the diet primarily through the ingestion of plant and animal products. Although, plants are not dependent on Se they take it up from the soil through the sulphur (S) uptake and assimilation pathways. Therefore, geographic differences in the availability of soil Se and agricultural practices have a profound influence on the Se content of many foods, and there are increasing efforts to biofortify crop plants with Se. Plants from the Brassicales are of particular interest as they accumulate and synthesize Se into forms with additional health benefits, such as methylselenocysteine (MeSeCys). The Brassicaceae are also well-known to produce the glucosinolates; S-containing compounds with demonstrated human health value. Furthermore, the recent discovery of the selenoglucosinolates in the Brassicaceae raises questions regarding their potential bioefficacy. In this review we focus on Se uptake and metabolism in the Brassicaceae in the context of human health, particularly cancer prevention and immunity. We investigate the close relationship between Se and S metabolism in this plant family, with particular emphasis on the selenoglucosinolates, and consider the methodologies available for identifying and quantifying further novel Se-containing compounds in plants. Finally, we summarize the research of multiple groups investigating biofortification of the Brassicaceae and discuss which approaches might be most successful for supplying Se deficient populations in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Wiesner-Reinhold
- Plant Quality and Food Security, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental CropsGrossbeeren, Germany
- *Correspondence: Melanie Wiesner-Reinhold
| | - Monika Schreiner
- Plant Quality and Food Security, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental CropsGrossbeeren, Germany
| | - Susanne Baldermann
- Plant Quality and Food Security, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental CropsGrossbeeren, Germany
- Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of PotsdamNuthethal, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schwarz
- Functional Plant Biology, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental CropGrossbeeren, Germany
| | - Franziska S. Hanschen
- Plant Quality and Food Security, Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental CropsGrossbeeren, Germany
| | - Anna P. Kipp
- Department of Molecular Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University JenaJena, Germany
| | - Daryl D. Rowan
- Food Innovation, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedPalmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Kerry L. Bentley-Hewitt
- Food Innovation, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedPalmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Marian J. McKenzie
- Food Innovation, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedPalmerston North, New Zealand
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White PJ. Selenium accumulation by plants. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2016; 117:217-35. [PMID: 26718221 PMCID: PMC4724052 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcv180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium (Se) is an essential mineral element for animals and humans, which they acquire largely from plants. The Se concentration in edible plants is determined by the Se phytoavailability in soils. Selenium is not an essential element for plants, but excessive Se can be toxic. Thus, soil Se phytoavailability determines the ecology of plants. Most plants cannot grow on seleniferous soils. Most plants that grow on seleniferous soils accumulate <100 mg Se kg(-1) dry matter and cannot tolerate greater tissue Se concentrations. However, some plant species have evolved tolerance to Se, and commonly accumulate tissue Se concentrations >100 mg Se kg(-1) dry matter. These plants are considered to be Se accumulators. Some species can even accumulate Se concentrations of 1000-15 000 mg Se kg(-1 )dry matter and are called Se hyperaccumulators. SCOPE This article provides an overview of Se uptake, translocation and metabolism in plants and highlights the possible genetic basis of differences in these between and within plant species. The review focuses initially on adaptations allowing plants to tolerate large Se concentrations in their tissues and the evolutionary origin of species that hyperaccumulate Se. It then describes the variation in tissue Se concentrations between and within angiosperm species and identifies genes encoding enzymes limiting the rates of incorporation of Se into organic compounds and chromosomal loci that might enable the development of crops with greater Se concentrations in their edible portions. Finally, it discusses transgenic approaches enabling plants to tolerate greater Se concentrations in the rhizosphere and in their tissues. CONCLUSIONS The trait of Se hyperaccumulation has evolved several times in separate angiosperm clades. The ability to tolerate large tissue Se concentrations is primarily related to the ability to divert Se away from the accumulation of selenocysteine and selenomethionine, which might be incorporated into non-functional proteins, through the synthesis of less toxic Se metabilites. There is potential to breed or select crops with greater Se concentrations in their edible tissues, which might be used to increase dietary Se intakes of animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J White
- Ecological Sciences Group, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK and Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Egressy-Molnár O, Magyar A, Gyepes A, Dernovics M. Validation of the 2,3-dihydroxy-propionyl group in selenium speciation by chemical synthesis and LC-MS analyses. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02660h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on 2,3-dihydroxy-propionyl derivatives of selenocysteine has now been facilitated by providing a method for synthesis and clean-up.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Magyar
- MTA-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry
- 1518 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Gyepes
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Corvinus University of Budapest
- 1118 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Dernovics
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Corvinus University of Budapest
- 1118 Budapest, Hungary
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Matich AJ, McKenzie MJ, Lill RE, Brummell DA, McGhie TK, Chen RKY, Rowan DD. Selenoglucosinolates and their metabolites produced in Brassica spp. fertilised with sodium selenate. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2012; 75:140-52. [PMID: 22197453 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolates are sulphur-containing glycosides found in many Brassica spp. that are important because their aglycone hydrolysis products protect the plant from herbivores and exhibit anti-cancer properties in humans. Recently, synthetically produced selenium analogues have been shown to be more effective at suppressing cancers than their sulphur counterparts. Although selenium is incorporated into a number of Brassica amino acids and peptides, firm evidence has yet to be presented for the presence of selenium in the glucosinolates and their aglycones in planta. In this study broccoli and cauliflower florets, and roots of forage rape, all obtained from plants treated with sodium selenate, were analysed for the presence of organoselenides. GC-MS analysis of pentane/ether extracts identified six organoselenium compounds including selenium analogues of known myrosinase-derived Brassica volatiles: 4-(methylseleno)butanenitrile, 5-(methylseleno)pentanenitrile, 3-(methylseleno)propylisothiocyanate, 4-(methylseleno)butylisothiocyanate, and 5-(methylseleno)pentylisothiocyanate. LC-MS analysis of ethanolic extracts identified three selenoglucosinolates: 3-(methylseleno)propylglucosinolate (glucoselenoiberverin), 4-(methylseleno)butylglucosinolate (glucoselenoerucin), and 5-(methylseleno)pentylglucosinolate (glucoselenoberteroin). LC-MS/MS analysis was used to locate the position of the selenium atom in the selenoglucosinolate and indicates preferential incorporation of selenium via selenomethionine into the methylselenyl moiety rather than into the sulphate or β-thioglucose groups. In forage rape, selenoglucosinolates and their aglycones (mainly isothiocyanates), occurred at concentrations up to 10% and 70%, respectively, of their sulphur analogues. In broccoli, concentrations of the selenoglucosinolates and their aglycones (mainly nitriles) were up to 60% and 1300%, respectively of their sulphur analogues. These findings indicate the potential for the incorporation of high levels of selenium into Brassica glucosinolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Matich
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited (Plant & Food Research), Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
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