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Barak O, Lovelace T, Piekos S, Chu T, Cao Z, Sadovsky E, Mouillet JF, Ouyang Y, Parks WT, Hood L, Price ND, Benos PV, Sadovsky Y. Integrated unbiased multiomics defines disease-independent placental clusters in common obstetrical syndromes. BMC Med 2023; 21:349. [PMID: 37679695 PMCID: PMC10485945 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03054-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Placental dysfunction, a root cause of common syndromes affecting human pregnancy, such as preeclampsia (PE), fetal growth restriction (FGR), and spontaneous preterm delivery (sPTD), remains poorly defined. These common, yet clinically disparate obstetrical syndromes share similar placental histopathologic patterns, while individuals within each syndrome present distinct molecular changes, challenging our understanding and hindering our ability to prevent and treat these syndromes. METHODS Using our extensive biobank, we identified women with severe PE (n = 75), FGR (n = 40), FGR with a hypertensive disorder (FGR + HDP; n = 33), sPTD (n = 72), and two uncomplicated control groups, term (n = 113), and preterm without PE, FGR, or sPTD (n = 16). We used placental biopsies for transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics data, and histological evaluation. After conventional pairwise comparison, we deployed an unbiased, AI-based similarity network fusion (SNF) to integrate the datatypes and identify omics-defined placental clusters. We used Bayesian model selection to compare the association between the histopathological features and disease conditions vs SNF clusters. RESULTS Pairwise, disease-based comparisons exhibited relatively few differences, likely reflecting the heterogeneity of the clinical syndromes. Therefore, we deployed the unbiased, omics-based SNF method. Our analysis resulted in four distinct clusters, which were mostly dominated by a specific syndrome. Notably, the cluster dominated by early-onset PE exhibited strong placental dysfunction patterns, with weaker injury patterns in the cluster dominated by sPTD. The SNF-defined clusters exhibited better correlation with the histopathology than the predefined disease groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that integrated omics-based SNF distinctively reclassifies placental dysfunction patterns underlying the common obstetrical syndromes, improves our understanding of the pathological processes, and could promote a search for more personalized interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oren Barak
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Tyler Lovelace
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 800 Murdoch Building, 3420 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
- Joint CMU-Pitt PhD Program in Computational Biology, 800 Murdoch Building, 3420 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Samantha Piekos
- Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terri Avenue North, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Tianjiao Chu
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Zhishen Cao
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Elena Sadovsky
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jean-Francois Mouillet
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Yingshi Ouyang
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - W Tony Parks
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Simcoe Hall, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Leroy Hood
- Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terri Avenue North, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Nathan D Price
- Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terri Avenue North, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Thorne HealthTech, 152 West 57th Street, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Panayiotis V Benos
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 800 Murdoch Building, 3420 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
- Joint CMU-Pitt PhD Program in Computational Biology, 800 Murdoch Building, 3420 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Road, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Yoel Sadovsky
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.
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Liang Y, Lai S, Huang L, Li Y, Zeng S, Zhang S, Chen J, Deng W, Liu Y, Liang J, Xu P, Liu M, Xiong Z, Chen D, Tu Z, Du L. JAZF1 safeguards human endometrial stromal cells survival and decidualization by repressing the transcription of G0S2. Commun Biol 2023; 6:568. [PMID: 37244968 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04931-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells (hESCs) is essential for the maintenance of pregnancy, which depends on the fine-tuned regulation of hESCs survival, and its perturbation contributes to pregnancy loss. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for functional deficits in decidua from recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) patients have not been elucidated. Here, we observed that JAZF1 was significantly downregulated in stromal cells from RSA decidua. JAZF1 depletion in hESCs resulted in defective decidualization and cell death through apoptosis. Further experiments uncovered G0S2 as a important driver of hESCs apoptosis and decidualization, whose transcription was repressed by JAZF1 via interaction with G0S2 activator Purβ. Moreover, the pattern of low JAZF1, high G0S2 and excessive apoptosis in decidua were consistently observed in RSA patients. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that JAZF1 governs hESCs survival and decidualization by repressing G0S2 transcription via restricting the activity of Purβ, and highlight the clinical implications of these mechanisms in the pathology of RSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyu Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Siying Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Lijun Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Yulian Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Shanshan Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Jingsi Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Wenbo Deng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Jingying Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Pei Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Mingxing Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Zhongtang Xiong
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Dunjin Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.
| | - Zhaowei Tu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.
| | - Lili Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.
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Zeng S, Liang Y, Lai S, Bi S, Huang L, Li Y, Deng W, Xu P, Liu M, Xiong Z, Chen J, Tu Z, Chen D, Du L. TNFα/TNFR1 signal induces excessive senescence of decidua stromal cells in recurrent pregnancy loss. J Reprod Immunol 2023; 155:103776. [PMID: 36495656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2022.103776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Defects in decidual response are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes which includes recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). It is reported that cellular senescence happens during decidualization and pro-senescent decidual response in the luteal phase endometrium is related to RPL. However, the underlying mechanisms of how excessive decidual senescence takes place in RPL decidua cells remain largely unexplored. The senescent phenotype of RPL decidua and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1(TNFR1) expression were analyzed by using our previously published single-cell sequencing dataset of decidua cells from 6 RPL and 5 matched normal decidua, which were further verified by PCR and WB in decidual tissues. Effects of TNFα on the decidual stromal cells (DSCs) senescence and underlying molecular pathways were analyzed using the in vitro decidualization model of human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs). We showed that decidual stroma cells from RPL patients exhibited transcriptomic features of cellular senescence by analysis of single-cell datasets. The TNFα level and TNFR1 expression were increased in RPL decidua tissues. Furthermore, in vitro cell model demonstrated that increased TNFα induced excessive senescence during decidualization and TNFR1/p53/p16 pathway mediates TNFα-induced stromal senescence. In addition, we also found that the expression of IGFBP1 was regulated by TNFα-TNFR1 interaction during decidualization. Taken together, the present findings suggest that the increased secretion of TNFα induced stromal cell excessive senescence in RPL decidua, which is mediated via TNFR1, and thus provide a possible therapeutic target for the treatment of RPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Yingyu Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Siying Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Shilei Bi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Lijun Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Yulian Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Weinan Deng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Pei Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Mingxing Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Zhongtang Xiong
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Jingsi Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou 510150, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaowei Tu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou 510150, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dunjin Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou 510150, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lili Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou 510150, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Higher Education Joint Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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4
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Zhao D, Liu Y, Jia S, He Y, Wei X, Liu D, Ma W, Luo W, Gu H, Yuan Z. Influence of maternal obesity on the multi-omics profiles of the maternal body, gestational tissue, and offspring. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113103. [PMID: 35605294 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies show that obesity during pregnancy affects more than half of the pregnancies in the developed countries and is associated with obstetric problems and poor outcomes. Obesity tends to increase the incidence of complications. Furthermore, the resulting offspring are also adversely affected. However, the molecular mechanisms of obesity leading to poor pregnancy outcomes remain unclear. Omics methods are used for genetic diagnosis and marker discovery. The aim of this review was to summarize the maternal and fetal pathophysiological alterations induced by gestational obesity,identified using multi-omics detection techniques, and to generalize the biological functions and potential mechanisms of the differentially expressed molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
| | - Yusi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
| | - Shanshan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
| | - Yiwen He
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
| | - Xiaowei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
| | - Wei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
| | - Wenting Luo
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
| | - Hui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
| | - Zhengwei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
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Shen Z, Zhu W, Du L. Analysis of Gene Expression Profiles in the Liver of Rats With Intrauterine Growth Retardation. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:801544. [PMID: 35321016 PMCID: PMC8934861 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.801544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is highly associated with fetal as well as neonatal morbidity, mortality, and an increased risk metabolic disease development later in life. The mechanism involved in the increased risk has not been established. We compared differentially expressed genes between the liver of appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and IUGR rat models and identified their effects on molecular pathways involved in the metabolic syndrome. METHODS We extracted RNA from the liver of IUGR and AGA rats and profiled gene expression by microarray analysis. GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were conducted using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes database. Then, the Cytoscape software was used to visualize regulatory interaction networks of IUGR-related genes. The results were further verified via quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR analysis. RESULTS In this study, 815 genes were found to be markedly differentially expressed (fold-change >1.5, p < 0.05) between IUGR and AGA, with 347 genes elevated and 468 suppressed in IUGR, relative to AGA. Enrichment and protein-protein interaction network analyses of target genes revealed that core genes including Ppargc1a, Prkaa2, Slc2a1, Rxrg, and Gcgr, and pathways, including the PPAR signaling pathway and FoxO signaling pathway, had a potential association with metabolic syndrome development in IUGR. We also confirmed that at the mRNA level, five genes involved in glycometabolism were differentially expressed between IUGR and AGA. CONCLUSION Our findings elucidate on differential gene expression profiles in IUGR and AGA. Moreover, they elucidate on the pathogenesis of IUGR-associated metabolic syndromes. The suggested candidates are potential biomarkers and eventually intended to treat them appropriately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weifen Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lizhong Du
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Neonatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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6
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Wang X, Zhu H, Lei L, Zhang Y, Tang C, Wu JX, Zhou JR, Xiao XR. Integrated Analysis of Key Genes and Pathways Involved in Fetal Growth Restriction and Their Associations With the Dysregulation of the Maternal Immune System. Front Genet 2021; 11:581789. [PMID: 33584788 PMCID: PMC7873903 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.581789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a common pregnancy complication and a risk factor for infant death. Most patients with FGR have preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, or other etiologies, making it difficult to determine the specific molecular mechanisms underlying FGR. In this study, an integrated analysis was performed using gene expression profiles obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between healthy and FGR groups were screened and evaluated by functional enrichment and network analyses. In total, 80 common DEGs (FDR < 0.05) and 17 significant DEGs (FDR < 0.005) were screened. These genes were enriched for functions in immune system dysregulation in the placenta based on Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses. Among hub genes identified as candidates for FGR and fetal reprogramming, LEP, GBP5, HLA–DQA1, and CTGF were checked by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and western blot assays in placental tissues. Immune imbalance could cause hypoxia environment in placenta tissues, thus regulating the fetal-reprogramming. A significant association between CTGF and HIF-1α levels was confirmed in placenta tissues and HTR8 cells under hypoxia. Our results suggest that an immune imbalance in the placenta causes FGR without other complications. We provide the first evidence for roles of CTGF in FGR and show that CTGF may function via HIF-1α-related pathways. Our findings elucidate the pathogenesis of FGR and provide new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Despartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Despartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University Medical School, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Xing Wu
- Despartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie-Ru Zhou
- Despartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi-Rong Xiao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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7
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Li W, Chung CYL, Wang CC, Chan TF, Leung MBW, Chan OK, Wu L, Appiah K, Chaemsaithong P, Cheng YKY, Poon LCY, Leung TY. Monochorionic twins with selective fetal growth restriction: insight from placental whole-transcriptome analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020; 223:749.e1-749.e16. [PMID: 32437666 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The underlying pathomechanism in placenta-related selective fetal growth restriction in monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy is not known. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate any differences in placental transcriptomic profile between the selectively growth-restricted twins and the normally grown cotwins in monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies. STUDY DESIGN This was a prospective study of monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies complicated by selective fetal growth restriction. Placental biopsy specimens were obtained from the subjects in the delivery suite. The placental transcriptome of the selectively growth-restricted twin was compared with that of the normally grown cotwin. This study was divided into 2 stages: (1) gene discovery phase in which placental tissues from 5 monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies complicated by selective fetal growth restriction plus 2 control twin pregnancies underwent transcriptome profiling, and transcriptome profiling was carried out using whole-genome RNA sequencing; and (2) validation phase in which placental tissues from 13 monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies with selective fetal growth restriction underwent RNA and protein validation. RNA and protein expression levels of candidate genes were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry staining. RESULTS A total of 1429 transcripts were differentially expressed in the placentae of selectively growth-restricted twin pairs, where 610 were up-regulated and 819 were down-regulated. Endoplasmic reticulum lectin and mannose 6-phosphate receptor were consistently differentially up-regulated in all placentae of selectively growth-restricted twins. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry staining were used to validate the results (P<.05). CONCLUSION The expression of endoplasmic reticulum lectin and mannose 6-phosphate receptor, which are important for angiogenesis and fetal growth, was significantly increased in the placentae of selectively growth-restricted twin of a monochorionic twin pair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Claire Yik Lok Chung
- School of Life Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; Hong Kong Bioinformatics Centre, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Chiu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; Department of Reproduction and Development, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ting Fung Chan
- School of Life Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Maran Bo Wah Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Oi Ka Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; Hong Kong Bioinformatics Centre, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ling Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Kubi Appiah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Piya Chaemsaithong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Yvonne Kwun Yue Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Liona Chiu Yee Poon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Tak Yeung Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
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Sureshchandra S, Marshall NE, Wilson RM, Barr T, Rais M, Purnell JQ, Thornburg KL, Messaoudi I. Inflammatory Determinants of Pregravid Obesity in Placenta and Peripheral Blood. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1089. [PMID: 30131724 PMCID: PMC6090296 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pre-pregnancy (pregravid) obesity has been linked to several adverse health outcomes for both mother and offspring. Complications during pregnancy include increased risk for gestational diabetes, hypertension, preeclampsia, placental abruption, and difficulties during delivery. Several studies suggest that these negative outcomes are mediated by heightened systemic inflammation as well as changes in placental development and function. However, the molecular mechanisms by which pregravid obesity affects these processes are poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to address this question by carrying out a comprehensive analysis of the systemic maternal immune system coupled with placental gene expression and microbial profiling at term delivery (11 lean and 14 obese). Specifically, we examined the impact of pregravid obesity on circulating cytokines, chemokine, adipokines, and growth factors using multiplex Luminex assay. Innate and adaptive immune cell frequencies and their cytokine production in response to stimuli were measured using flow cytometry. Finally, changes in placental transcriptome and microbiome were profiled using RNA- and 16S-sequencing, respectively. Pregravid obesity is characterized by insulin and leptin resistance, high levels of circulating inflammatory markers IL-6 and CRP, in addition to chemokine IL-8 (p < 0.01). Moreover, pregravid obesity was associated with lower frequency of naïve CD4+ T-cells (p < 0.05), increased frequency of memory CD4+ T-cells (p < 0.01), and a shift towards Th2 cytokine production (p = 0.05). Myeloid cells from the obese cohort produced higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines but lower levels of chemokines following TLR stimulation (p < 0.05). Lastly, pregravid obesity is associated with increased abundance of Bacteroides and changes in the expression of genes important for nutrient transport and immunity (FDR < 0.05). Collectively, these data indicate that pregravid obesity is associated with heightened systemic inflammation and of dysregulated nutrient transport in the placenta and provide insight into the basis of fetal reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhas Sureshchandra
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Nicole E. Marshall
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Randall M. Wilson
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Tasha Barr
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Maham Rais
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Jonathan Q. Purnell
- Department of Medicine, The Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Kent L. Thornburg
- Department of Medicine, The Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Ilhem Messaoudi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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9
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Luo Q, Han X. Second-trimester maternal serum markers in the prediction of preeclampsia. J Perinat Med 2017; 45:809-816. [PMID: 27935854 DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2016-0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine whether late second-trimester maternal serum biomarkers are useful for the prediction of preeclampsia during the third trimester, a case-control study including 33 preeclamptic and 71 healthy pregnancies was conducted. Maternal serum concentrations of placental protein 13 (PP13), pregnancy-associated plasma protein (PAPP-A), pentraxin3 (PTX3), soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), myostatin and follistatin-like-3 (FSLT-3) were measured at 24-28 weeks' gestation. All the concentrations of these markers were compared between the preeclamptic and control groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was applied to assess sensitivity and specificity of serum markers with significant difference. RESULTS The levels of PP13 and sFlt-1 were significantly increased and FSLT3 was significantly decreased in patients with preeclampsia. However, the concentration of PAPPA, PTX3 and myostatin did not differ significantly. In screening for preeclampsia during the third trimester by PP13, sFlt-1 and FSLT3, the detection rate was 61.3%, 48.1% and 39.1%, respectively, at 80% specificity, and the detection rate increased to 69.8% by combination of these three markers. CONCLUSION Maternal serum levels of PP13, sFlt-1 and FSLT3 play an important role in predicting late-onset preeclampsia, and the combination of these three markers significantly increases the detection rate for prediction.
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Altmäe S, Segura MT, Esteban FJ, Bartel S, Brandi P, Irmler M, Beckers J, Demmelmair H, López-Sabater C, Koletzko B, Krauss-Etschmann S, Campoy C. Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Obesity Is Associated with Altered Placental Transcriptome. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169223. [PMID: 28125591 PMCID: PMC5268451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity has a major impact on pregnancy outcomes. There is growing evidence that maternal obesity has a negative influence on placental development and function, thereby adversely influencing offspring programming and health outcomes. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes are poorly understood. We analysed ten term placenta’s whole transcriptomes in obese (n = 5) and normal weight women (n = 5), using the Affymetrix microarray platform. Analyses of expression data were carried out using non-parametric methods. Hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis showed a clear distinction in placental transcriptome between obese and normal weight women. We identified 72 differentially regulated genes, with most being down-regulated in obesity (n = 61). Functional analyses of the targets using DAVID and IPA confirm the dysregulation of previously identified processes and pathways in the placenta from obese women, including inflammation and immune responses, lipid metabolism, cancer pathways, and angiogenesis. In addition, we detected new molecular aspects of obesity-derived effects on the placenta, involving the glucocorticoid receptor signalling pathway and dysregulation of several genes including CCL2, FSTL3, IGFBP1, MMP12, PRG2, PRL, QSOX1, SERPINE2 and TAC3. Our global gene expression profiling approach demonstrates that maternal obesity creates a unique in utero environment that impairs the placental transcriptome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Altmäe
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre of Excellence for Paediatric Research EURISTIKOS and Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- * E-mail: (SA); (CC)
| | - Maria Teresa Segura
- Centre of Excellence for Paediatric Research EURISTIKOS and Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Sabine Bartel
- Division of Experimental Asthma Research, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz-Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
| | - Pilar Brandi
- Centre of Excellence for Paediatric Research EURISTIKOS and Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Martin Irmler
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Beckers
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Neuherberg, Germany
- Technische Universität München, Chair of Experimental Genetics, Freising, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hans Demmelmair
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Dr. Hauner Children’s Hospital, University of Munich Medical Centre, Munich, Germany
| | - Carmen López-Sabater
- Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Dr. Hauner Children’s Hospital, University of Munich Medical Centre, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Krauss-Etschmann
- Division of Experimental Asthma Research, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz-Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
- Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universitaet zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Ludwig Maximilians University Hospital and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Großhadern, Germany
| | - Cristina Campoy
- Centre of Excellence for Paediatric Research EURISTIKOS and Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Biohealth Institute of Granada, Granada, Spain
- * E-mail: (SA); (CC)
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11
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Eidem HR, Ackerman WE, McGary KL, Abbot P, Rokas A. Gestational tissue transcriptomics in term and preterm human pregnancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Med Genomics 2015; 8:27. [PMID: 26044726 PMCID: PMC4456776 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-015-0099-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm birth (PTB), or birth before 37 weeks of gestation, is the leading cause of newborn death worldwide. PTB is a critical area of scientific study not only due to its worldwide toll on human lives and economies, but also due to our limited understanding of its pathogenesis and, therefore, its prevention. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizes the landscape of PTB transcriptomics research to further our understanding of the genes and pathways involved in PTB subtypes. METHODS We evaluated published genome-wide pregnancy studies across gestational tissues and pathologies, including those that focus on PTB, by performing a targeted PubMed MeSH search and systematically reviewing all relevant studies. RESULTS Our search yielded 2,361 studies on gestational tissues including placenta, decidua, myometrium, maternal blood, cervix, fetal membranes (chorion and amnion), umbilical cord, fetal blood, and basal plate. Selecting only those original research studies that measured transcription on a genome-wide scale and reported lists of expressed genetic elements identified 93 gene expression, 21 microRNA, and 20 methylation studies. Although 30 % of all PTB cases are due to medical indications, 76 % of the preterm studies focused on them. In contrast, only 18 % of the preterm studies focused on spontaneous onset of labor, which is responsible for 45 % of all PTB cases. Furthermore, only 23 of the 10,993 unique genetic elements reported to be transcriptionally active were recovered 10 or more times in these 134 studies. Meta-analysis of the 93 gene expression studies across 9 distinct gestational tissues and 29 clinical phenotypes showed limited overlap of genes identified as differentially expressed across studies. CONCLUSIONS Overall, profiles of differentially expressed genes were highly heterogeneous both between as well as within clinical subtypes and tissues as well as between studies of the same clinical subtype and tissue. These results suggest that large gaps still exist in the transcriptomic study of specific clinical subtypes as well in the generation of the transcriptional profile of well-studied clinical subtypes; understanding the complex landscape of prematurity will require large-scale, systematic genome-wide analyses of human gestational tissues on both understudied and well-studied subtypes alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley R Eidem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B #35-1634, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA.
| | - William E Ackerman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Kriston L McGary
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B #35-1634, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA.
| | - Patrick Abbot
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B #35-1634, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA.
| | - Antonis Rokas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B #35-1634, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA.
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12
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Ahlsson F, Åkerud H, Schijven D, Olivier J, Sundström-Poromaa I. Gene Expression in Placentas From Nondiabetic Women Giving Birth to Large for Gestational Age Infants. Reprod Sci 2015; 22:1281-8. [PMID: 25824011 DOI: 10.1177/1933719115578928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes, obesity, and excessive weight gain are known independent risk factors for the birth of a large for gestational age (LGA) infant. However, only 1 of the 10 infants born LGA is born by mothers with diabetes or obesity. Thus, the aim of the present study was to compare placental gene expression between healthy, nondiabetic mothers (n = 22) giving birth to LGA infants and body mass index-matched mothers (n = 24) giving birth to appropriate for gestational age infants. In the whole gene expression analysis, only 29 genes were found to be differently expressed in LGA placentas. Top upregulated genes included insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1, aminolevulinate δ synthase 2, and prolactin, whereas top downregulated genes comprised leptin, gametocyte-specific factor 1, and collagen type XVII α 1. Two enriched gene networks were identified, namely, (1) lipid metabolism, small molecule biochemistry, and organismal development and (2) cellular development, cellular growth, proliferation, and tumor morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ahlsson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - H Åkerud
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - D Schijven
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Olivier
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden Department of Behavioral Physiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands Centre for Gender Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I Sundström-Poromaa
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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13
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Han X, He J, Wang A, Dong M. Serum Follistatin-like-3 was elevated in second trimester of pregnant women who subsequently developed preeclampsia. Hypertens Pregnancy 2014; 33:277-82. [DOI: 10.3109/10641955.2013.874439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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14
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Tzschoppe A, Doerr H, Rascher W, Goecke T, Beckmann M, Schild R, Struwe E, Geisel J, Jung H, Dötsch J. DNA methylation of the p66Shc promoter is decreased in placental tissue from women delivering intrauterine growth restricted neonates. Prenat Diagn 2013; 33:484-91. [PMID: 23529764 DOI: 10.1002/pd.4096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The adaptor protein p66Shc generates mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and translates oxidative signals into apoptosis. We aimed to analyze potential alterations in total methylation and in p66Shc activation in placental tissues from women delivering intrauterine growth restricted neonates (IUGR) versus appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and small for gestational age (SGA) neonates. METHOD DNA methylation of the p66Shc promoter and of long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE-1), as a marker for total methylation, was quantified by automatic pyrosequencing in 15 IUGR, 25 AGA and 15 SGA placentas. Placental gene expression of p66Shc was determined by TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS No significant difference was found for LINE-1 methylation between IUGR, AGA and SGA newborns. DNA methylation of the p66Shc promoter was significantly decreased in the IUGR compared with the AGA group (p < 0.0001) and the SGA group (p < 0.0001). However, analysis of placental p66Shc gene expression did not show a significant difference between the three groups. CONCLUSION It remains speculative if the decreased p66Shc promoter methylation might play a role in the pathophysiology of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease after IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Tzschoppe
- Pediatrics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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15
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Larsson A, Palm M, Basu S, Axelsson O. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) during normal pregnancy. Gynecol Endocrinol 2013. [PMID: 23190203 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2012.730574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) is the main binder of IGFs in secretory endometrium and decidualized stromal endometrial cells and IGFBP-1 has been shown to modulate IGF bioactivities and influence fetal growth. To be able to evaluate IGFBP-1 values during pregnancy it is important to establish normal values in pregnant women. MATERIALS & METHODS We have studied IGFBP-1 concentrations in maternal plasma from 52 healthy women with normal singleton pregnancies. Several plasma samples were collected from each woman and the samples were grouped according to gestational age into the following periods: week 7-17; week 17-24; week 24-28; week 28-31; week 31-34; week 34-38; -2 to 0 weeks prior to delivery and postpartum (>6 weeks after delivery). RESULTS The 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles for IGFBP-1 were calculated according to the recommendations of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry on the statistical treatment of reference values. CONCLUSIONS IGFBP-1 is increased during pregnancy compared to postpartum. Two peaks, at week 17-24 and just before delivery, were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Larsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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16
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Murthi P, Kalionis B, Rajaraman G, Keogh RJ, Da Silva Costa F. The role of homeobox genes in the development of placental insufficiency. Fetal Diagn Ther 2012; 32:225-30. [PMID: 22906990 DOI: 10.1159/000339657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is an adverse pregnancy outcome associated with significant perinatal and pediatric morbidity and mortality, and an increased risk of chronic disease later in adult life. While a number of maternal, fetal and environmental factors are known causes of IUGR, the majority of IUGR cases are of unknown cause. These IUGR cases are frequently associated with placental insufficiency, possibly as a result of placental maldevelopment. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of abnormal placental development in IUGR associated with placental insufficiency is therefore of increasing importance. Here, we review our understanding of transcriptional control of normal placental development as well as human IUGR associated with placental insufficiency. We also assess the potential for understanding transcriptional control as a means for revealing new molecular targets for the detection, diagnosis and clinical management of IUGR associated with placental insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padma Murthi
- Department of Perinatal Medicine, Pregnancy Research Centre, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., Australia
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Hu D, Tian T, Guo J, Wang H, Chen D, Dong M. Decreased maternal and placental concentrations of follistatin-like 3 in gestational diabetes. Clin Chim Acta 2012; 413:533-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2011.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Revised: 10/09/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Votavova H, Dostalova Merkerova M, Krejcik Z, Fejglova K, Vasikova A, Pastorkova A, Tabashidze N, Topinka J, Balascak I, Sram RJ, Brdicka R. Deregulation of gene expression induced by environmental tobacco smoke exposure in pregnancy. Nicotine Tob Res 2012; 14:1073-82. [PMID: 22355075 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntr325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in pregnant women may have detrimental effects such as spontaneous abortion, lower birth weight, stillbirth, and reduced infant lung function. To extend our knowledge on the molecular effects of tobacco smoke exposure in pregnancy, we analyzed transcriptome alterations in passive smokers (PS) and compared them with those in active smokers (AS). METHODS Using Illumina Expression Beadchips with 24,526 transcript probes, gene expression patterns were assayed in placentas from PS (N = 25) exposed to ETS throughout pregnancy and nonexposed (NS) counterparts (N = 34) and in cord blood cells from their newborns. ETS exposure was evaluated by questionnaire disclosure and cotinine measurement in maternal and cord blood. RESULTS A total of 158 genes were significantly deregulated in the placentas of PS compared with NS. These genes were associated with the extracellular matrix, apoptosis, placental function, blood clotting, response to stress, and lipid metabolism. Cord blood of the newborns of PS displayed differential expression of 114 genes encoding mainly adhesion molecules and regulators of immunologic response. A comparison of the affected pathways between PS and AS indicated that ETS exposure and active smoking in pregnancy partly employ the same molecular mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that even low dose exposure to ETS during pregnancy leads to significant deregulation of transcription in placental and fetal cells. These data suggest that the effect of ETS on the fetus is primarily indirect, mediated via deregulation of placental functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Votavova
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, 128 20, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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Nishizawa H, Ota S, Suzuki M, Kato T, Sekiya T, Kurahashi H, Udagawa Y. Comparative gene expression profiling of placentas from patients with severe pre-eclampsia and unexplained fetal growth restriction. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2011; 9:107. [PMID: 21810232 PMCID: PMC3199758 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-9-107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been well documented that pre-eclampsia and unexplained fetal growth restriction (FGR) have a common etiological background, but little is known about their linkage at the molecular level. The aim of this study was to further investigate the mechanisms underlying pre-eclampsia and unexplained FGR. METHODS We analyzed differentially expressed genes in placental tissue from severe pre-eclamptic pregnancies (n = 8) and normotensive pregnancies with or (n = 8) without FGR (n = 8) using a microarray method. RESULTS A subset of the FGR samples showed a high correlation coefficient overall in the microarray data from the pre-eclampsia samples. Many genes that are known to be up-regulated in pre-eclampsia are also up-regulated in FGR, including the anti-angiogenic factors, FLT1 and ENG, believed to be associated with the onset of maternal symptoms of pre-eclampsia. A total of 62 genes were found to be differentially expressed in both disorders. However, gene set enrichment analysis for these differentially expressed genes further revealed higher expression of TP53-downstream genes in pre-eclampsia compared with FGR. TP53-downstream apoptosis-related genes, such as BCL6 and BAX, were found to be significantly more up-regulated in pre-eclampsia than in FGR, although the caspases are expressed at equivalent levels. CONCLUSIONS Our current data indicate a common pathophysiology for FGR and pre-eclampsia, leading to an up-regulation of placental anti-angiogenic factors. However, our findings also suggest that it may possibly be the excretion of these factors into the maternal circulation through the TP53-mediated early-stage apoptosis of trophoblasts that leads to the maternal symptoms of pre-eclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Nishizawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Sayuri Ota
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Machiko Suzuki
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Takema Kato
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Takao Sekiya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kurahashi
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Udagawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
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20
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The role of placental homeobox genes in human fetal growth restriction. J Pregnancy 2011; 2011:548171. [PMID: 21547091 PMCID: PMC3087155 DOI: 10.1155/2011/548171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is an adverse pregnancy outcome associated with significant perinatal and paediatric morbidity and mortality, and an increased risk of chronic disease later in adult life. One of the key causes of adverse pregnancy outcome is fetal growth restriction (FGR). While a number of maternal, fetal, and environmental factors are known causes of FGR, the majority of FGR cases remain idiopathic. These idiopathic FGR pregnancies are frequently associated with placental insufficiency, possibly as a result of placental maldevelopment. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of abnormal placental development in idiopathic FGR is, therefore, of increasing importance. Here, we review our understanding of transcriptional control of normal placental development and abnormal placental development associated with human idiopathic FGR. We also assess the potential for understanding transcriptional control as a means for revealing new molecular targets for the detection, diagnosis, and clinical management of idiopathic FGR.
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21
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Koutsaki M, Sifakis S, Zaravinos A, Koutroulakis D, Koukoura O, Spandidos DA. Decreased placental expression of hPGH, IGF-I and IGFBP-1 in pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction. Growth Horm IGF Res 2011; 21:31-36. [PMID: 21212012 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2010.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2010] [Revised: 11/14/2010] [Accepted: 12/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The human Placental Growth Hormone (hPGH) and the Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) system are implicated in fetal development. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of hPGH, IGF-I, IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3 genes in placentas from pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction (FGR). DESIGN The study group was comprised of term placentas from 47 FGR-complicated pregnancies of no recognizable cause. Thirty-seven placentas from normal pregnancies with appropriate for gestational age birth weight were used as controls. The expression status of the genes was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS hPGH, IGF-I and IGFBP-1 exhibited significantly lower expression compared to the controls (p=0.003, p=0.049 and p=0.001, respectively). Numerically, lower IGFBP-3 expression was also demonstrated in the FGR-affected group, without however reaching statistical significance (p=0.129). Significant co-expression patterns were detected among the study genes in both the FGR and normal pregnancies. CONCLUSION Decreased placental expression levels of hPGH, IGF-I and IGFBP-1 were demonstrated in pregnancies with FGR. Whether these alterations are a causative factor of FGR or accompany other pathogenetic mechanisms requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Koutsaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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22
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Founds SA, Terhorst LA, Conrad KP, Hogge WA, Jeyabalan A, Conley YP. Gene expression in first trimester preeclampsia placenta. Biol Res Nurs 2010; 13:134-9. [PMID: 21044967 DOI: 10.1177/1099800410385448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The goal of this study was to further validate eight candidate genes identified in a microarray analysis of first trimester placentas in preeclampsia. MATERIAL AND METHOD Surplus chorionic villus sampling (CVS) specimens of 4 women subsequently diagnosed with preeclampsia (PE) and 8 control women (C) without preeclampsia analyzed previously by microarray and 24 independent additional control samples (AS) were submitted for confirmatory studies by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS Downregulation was significant in FSTL3 in PE as compared to C and AS (p = .04). PAEP was downregulated, but the difference was only significant between C and AS (p = .002) rather than between PE and either of the control groups. Expression levels for CFH, EPAS1, IGFBP1, MMP12, and SEMA3C were not statistically different among groups, but trends were consistent with microarray results; there was no anti-correlation. S100A8 was not measurable in all samples, probably because different probes and primers were needed. CONCLUSIONS This study corroborates reduced FSTL3 expression in the first trimester of preeclampsia. Nonsignificant trends in the other genes may require follow-up in studies powered for medium or medium/large effect sizes. qRT-PCR verification of the prior microarray of CVS may support the placental origins of preeclampsia hypothesis. Replication is needed for the candidate genes as potential biomarkers of susceptibility, early detection, and/or individualized care of maternal-infant preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra A Founds
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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23
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Thadhani R, Powe CE, Tjoa ML, Khankin E, Ye J, Ecker J, Schneyer A, Karumanchi SA. First-trimester follistatin-like-3 levels in pregnancies complicated by subsequent gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 2010; 33:664-9. [PMID: 20007937 PMCID: PMC2827528 DOI: 10.2337/dc09-1745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether maternal levels of follistatin-like-3 (FSTL3), an inhibitor of activin and myostatin involved in glucose homeostasis, are altered in the first trimester of pregnancies complicated by subsequent gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was a nested case-control study of subjects enrolled in a prospective cohort of pregnant women with and without GDM (> or =2 abnormal values on a 100-g glucose tolerance test at approximately 28 weeks of gestation). We measured FSTL3 levels in serum collected during the first trimester of pregnancy. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the risk of GDM. RESULTS Women who developed GDM (n = 37) had lower first-trimester serum levels of FSTL3 compared with women who did not (n = 127) (median 10,789 [interquartile range 7,013-18,939] vs. 30,670 [18,370-55,484] pg/ml, P < 0.001). When subjects were divided into tertiles based on FSTL3 levels, women with the lowest levels demonstrated a marked increase in risk for developing GDM in univariate (odds ratio 11.2 [95% CI 3.6-35.3]) and multivariate (14.0 [4.1-47.9]) analyses. There was a significant negative correlation between first-trimester FSTL3 levels and approximately 28-week nonfasting glucose levels (r = -0.30, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS First-trimester FSTL3 levels are associated with glucose intolerance and GDM later in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Thadhani
- Division of Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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24
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Struwe E, Berzl G, Schild R, Blessing H, Drexel L, Hauck B, Tzschoppe A, Weidinger M, Sachs M, Scheler C, Schleussner E, Dötsch J. Microarray analysis of placental tissue in intrauterine growth restriction. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2010; 72:241-7. [PMID: 19548955 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2009.03659.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Besides foetal or maternal disorders, placental dysfunction is a major cause of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Although numerous macro- and histopathological changes have been described, little is known about the precise aetiology and the contribution of foetal/placental genes in this disorder. DESIGN Placental tissues of 20 IUGR and control neonates were analysed by microarray technique. Four of the regulated genes with possible relevance in the pathogenesis of IUGR and its consequences were further studied in placentas of 27 IUGR and 35 control newborns. RESULTS Elevated gene expression of leptin, corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH), and IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in IUGR placentas could be confirmed in the larger group by real-time PCR, whereas prolactin showed no significant difference. Accordingly, protein expression of leptin and IGFBP-1 depicted by Western blot was elevated in IUGR, prolactin was not different. Birthweight standard deviation score (SDS) correlated negatively to leptin, IGFBP-1, and CRH, whereas placental weight correlated only to IGFBP-1. Leptin correlated negatively to gestational age of IUGR patients and positively to placental score, a marker of severity of impaired foeto-placental circulation. CONCLUSIONS As confirmed in a large group of IUGR and control samples, the up-regulated factors leptin, IGFBP-1, and CRH may serve as candidate genes for the prediction of subsequent metabolic consequences in IUGR newborns. These three factors may not only influence growth of the foetus, but might also interact with programming of its metabolic functions, which has to be determined in an ongoing study.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Struwe
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Erlangen, Germany
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25
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Miron P, Lambert J, Marcil A, Cowans NJ, Stamatopoulou A, Spencer K. Maternal plasma levels of follistatin-related gene protein in the first trimester of pregnancies with Down syndrome. Prenat Diagn 2010; 30:224-8. [DOI: 10.1002/pd.2441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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26
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Tzschoppe AA, Struwe E, Dörr HG, Goecke TW, Beckmann MW, Schild RL, Dötsch J. Differences in gene expression dependent on sampling site in placental tissue of fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction. Placenta 2010; 31:178-85. [PMID: 20045557 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2009.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2009] [Revised: 11/21/2009] [Accepted: 12/03/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The human placenta as part of the feto-placental unit may influence fetal endocrine systems and may therefore represent a very important link between intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and metabolic disorders in later life. We aimed to analyze the effect of sample origin on gene expression of placental factors potentially involved in fetal programming in IUGR versus appropriate for gestational age growth (AGA) to standardize sample collection procedure for a multicenter approach. DESIGN Placental gene expression of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein (IGFBP)-1, prolactin, corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) and leptin was measured and compared between proximal, intermediate and peripheral region of the placenta in 22 IUGR (proven by anomalous placental Doppler velocimetry) and 19 AGA neonates. RESULTS Whereas no difference in gene expression was seen in the proximal portion, in the intermediate placental region mRNA expression of IGFBP-1 (p = 0.01), prolactin (p = 0.04), CRH (p = 0.01) and leptin (p = 0.04) was increased in IUGR samples compared to controls. At the placental periphery, gene expression of these placental transcripts showed a higher expression level in IUGR placentas without statistical significance, except for leptin (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION Placental sampling site seems to be relevant for detecting differences in gene expression between IUGR and AGA neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Tzschoppe
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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27
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Sitras V, Paulssen R, Leirvik J, Vårtun A, Acharya G. Placental gene expression profile in intrauterine growth restriction due to placental insufficiency. Reprod Sci 2009; 16:701-11. [PMID: 19372591 DOI: 10.1177/1933719109334256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated global placental gene expression in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR; n = 8) compared to normal pregnancies (n = 8) and studied possible additional effect of preeclampsia. Placental samples were collected from IUGR pregnancies due to placental insufficiency ascertained by hemodynamic studies. Four IUGR pregnancies were associated with preeclampsia. Gene expression profile was evaluated by 30k oligonucleotide microarrays. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed good separation in terms of gene expression patterns between the groups. Pathway analysis showed upregulation of inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling pathway in the IUGR placentas. Genes involved in placental glucocorticoid metabolism were also differentially expressed. None of the known imprinted placental genes were differentially expressed. Subgroup analysis between IUGR placentas with and without preeclampsia showed few (n = 27) differentially expressed genes. In conclusion, IUGR due to placental insufficiency appears to alter placental glucocorticoid metabolism, upregulates inflammatory response in placenta, and shares common pathogenic mechanisms with severe early-onset preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasilis Sitras
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Northern Norway and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway.
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28
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The herbicide atrazine activates endocrine gene networks via non-steroidal NR5A nuclear receptors in fish and mammalian cells. PLoS One 2008; 3:e2117. [PMID: 18461179 PMCID: PMC2362696 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2008] [Accepted: 03/10/2008] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrazine (ATR) remains a widely used broadleaf herbicide in the United States despite the fact that this s-chlorotriazine has been linked to reproductive abnormalities in fish and amphibians. Here, using zebrafish we report that environmentally relevant ATR concentrations elevated zcyp19a1 expression encoding aromatase (2.2 µg/L), and increased the ratio of female to male fish (22 µg/L). ATR selectively increased zcyp19a1, a known gene target of the nuclear receptor SF-1 (NR5A1), whereas zcyp19a2, which is estrogen responsive, remained unchanged. Remarkably, in mammalian cells ATR functions in a cell-specific manner to upregulate SF-1 targets and other genes critical for steroid synthesis and reproduction, including Cyp19A1, StAR, Cyp11A1, hCG, FSTL3, LHß, INHα, αGSU, and 11ß-HSD2. Our data appear to eliminate the possibility that ATR directly affects SF-1 DNA- or ligand-binding. Instead, we suggest that the stimulatory effects of ATR on the NR5A receptor subfamily (SF-1, LRH-1, and zff1d) are likely mediated by receptor phosphorylation, amplification of cAMP and PI3K signaling, and possibly an increase in the cAMP-responsive cellular kinase SGK-1, which is known to be upregulated in infertile women. Taken together, we propose that this pervasive and persistent environmental chemical alters hormone networks via convergence of NR5A activity and cAMP signaling, to potentially disrupt normal endocrine development and function in lower and higher vertebrates.
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Buffat C, Mondon F, Rigourd V, Boubred F, Bessières B, Fayol L, Feuerstein JM, Gamerre M, Jammes H, Rebourcet R, Miralles F, Courbières B, Basire A, Dignat-Georges F, Carbonne B, Simeoni U, Vaiman D. A hierarchical analysis of transcriptome alterations in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) reveals common pathophysiological pathways in mammals. J Pathol 2007; 213:337-46. [PMID: 17893880 DOI: 10.1002/path.2233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a frequent disease, affecting up to 10% of human pregnancies and responsible for increased perinatal morbidity and mortality. Moreover, low birth weight is an important cause of the metabolic syndrome in the adult. Protein depletion during the gestation of rat females has been widely used as a model for human IUGR. By transcriptome analysis of control and protein-deprived rat placentas, we were able to identify 2543 transcripts modified more than 2.5 fold (1347 induced and 1196 repressed). Automatic functional classification enabled us to identify clusters of induced genes affecting chromosome structure, transcription, intracellular transport, protein modifications and apoptosis. In particular, we suggest the existence of a complex balance regulating apoptosis. Among repressed genes, we noted several groups of genes involved in immunity, signalling and degradation of noxious chemicals. These observations suggest that IUGR placentas have a decreased resistance to external aggression. The promoters of the most induced and most repressed genes were contrasted for their composition in putative transcription factor binding sites. There was an over-representation of Zn finger (ZNF) proteins and Pdx1 (pancreatic and duodenal homeobox protein 1) putative binding sites. Consistently, Pdx1 and a high proportion of ZNF genes were induced at the transcriptional level. A similar analysis of ZNF promoters showed an increased presence of putative binding sites for the Tata box binding protein (Tbp). Consistently again, we showed that the Tbp and TBP-associated factors (Tafs) were up-regulated in IUGR placentas. Also, samples of human IUGR and control placentas showed that human orthologous ZNFs and PDX1 were transcriptionally induced, especially in non-vascular IUGR. Immunohistochemistry revealed increased expression of PDX1 in IUGR human placentas. In conclusion, our approach permitted the proposition of hypotheses on a hierarchy of gene inductions/repressions leading to massive transcriptional alterations in the IUGR placenta, in humans and in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Buffat
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, Hôpital La Conception, AP-HM, Marseille/Upres EA 2193 Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France
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30
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Biron-Shental T, Schaiff WT, Rimon E, Shim TL, Nelson DM, Sadovsky Y. Hypoxia enhances the expression of follistatin-like 3 in term human trophoblasts. Placenta 2007; 29:51-7. [PMID: 17959243 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2007.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2007] [Revised: 08/15/2007] [Accepted: 09/05/2007] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic injury hinders placental differentiation and alters trophoblast gene expression. We tested the hypothesis that the expression of follistatin-like 3 (FSTL3), a member of the follistatin family of proteins, is modulated by hypoxia in primary human trophoblast (PHT). Using immunofluorescence of human term placental villi we detected the expression of FSTL3 protein in placental villi, primarily in trophoblasts. We verified this finding in cultured term PHT cells. Basal expression of FSTL3 transcript in cultured PHT cells, determined using quantitative PCR, was stable over the culture period. Importantly, when compared to culture in FiO(2)=20% or FiO(2)=8%, PHT cells cultured in FiO(2) <1% exhibited a 4-6 fold increase in FSTL3 mRNA expression as early as 4h in hypoxia. Whereas cellular FSTL3 protein was unchanged in hypoxia, we found that hypoxia increased the level of FSTL3 in the medium. Lastly, the exposure of PHT cells to either the hypoxia-mimetic cobalt chloride or the proline hydroxylase inhibitor dimethyloxaloylglycine upregulated the expression of FSTL3 transcript. Our data indicate that hypoxia enhances the expression of FSTL3 and its release from PHT cells. Our finding that hypoxia-mimetic agents enhance FSTL3 expression implicates HIF1alpha in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Biron-Shental
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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31
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Kashiwagi A, DiGirolamo CM, Kanda Y, Niikura Y, Esmon CT, Hansen TR, Shioda T, Pru JK. The postimplantation embryo differentially regulates endometrial gene expression and decidualization. Endocrinology 2007; 148:4173-84. [PMID: 17510242 DOI: 10.1210/en.2007-0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptomal changes in the uterine endometrium induced in response to the implanting embryo remain largely unknown. In this study, using Affymetrix mRNA expression microarray analysis, we identified genes differentially expressed in the murine endometrium in the presence or absence of the embryo. Compared with the pseudopregnant deciduoma induced by a mechanical stimulus in the absence of an embryo, approximately 1500 genes (753 up-regulated, 686 down-regulated; P < 0.05) were differentially expressed by at least 1.2-fold in the uterine decidua of pregnancy. Most of these genes fall into five major biological categories that include binding (45%), catalysis (24%), signal transduction (10%), transcriptional regulators (5%), and transporters (5%). This strong, embryo-induced transcriptomal impact represented approximately 10% of the total number of genes expressed in the decidualizing endometrium. Validation studies with mRNA and protein confirmed existence of the phylogenetically conserved, embryo-regulated genes involved in the following: 1) hemostasis and inflammation; 2) interferon signaling; 3) tissue growth and remodeling; and 4) natural killer cell function. Interestingly, whereas expression of many growth factors and their cognate receptors were not different between the decidual and deciduomal endometria, a number of proteases that degrade growth factors were selectively up-regulated in the decidual tissue. Increased expression of IGF and activin A neutralizing factors (i.e. HtrA1 and Fstl3) correlated with reduced stromal cell mitosis, tissue growth, and mitogenic signaling in the decidual endometrium. These results support the hypothesis that the implanting murine embryo takes a proactive role in modulating endometrial gene expression and development during early gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aki Kashiwagi
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Thier Research Building, Room 931, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
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32
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Pryor-Koishi K, Nishizawa H, Kato T, Kogo H, Murakami T, Tsuchida K, Kurahashi H, Udagawa Y. Overproduction of the follistatin-related gene protein in the placenta and maternal serum of women with pre-eclampsia. BJOG 2007; 114:1128-37. [PMID: 17617189 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2007.01425.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterise the follistatin-related gene (FLRG) in pre-eclampsia, one of the differentially expressed genes in pre-eclamptic placenta. DESIGN AND METHODS We examined and compared the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels of FLRG in placentas and maternal sera from women with uncomplicated pregnancy, and those with pre-eclampsia using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. SETTING Antenatal clinics in a teaching hospital. POPULATION Women with uncomplicated pregnancy (n = 21) and those with pre-eclampsia (n = 21). RESULTS FLRG mRNA is overexpressed in pre-eclamptic placental tissues (P < 0.01). Upregulated FLRG protein consists of both an immature 28-kDa cellular product and a mature 33-kDa secretory form, which are differentially glycosylated. FLRG is normally produced at its highest levels in endothelial cells and at moderate amounts in syncytiotrophoblast cells, but in pre-eclampsia, the syncytiotrophoblast FLRG levels are dramatically increased. We also determined the maternal serum concentrations of FLRG in our uncomplicated pregnancy subjects and in our pre-eclamptic groups, and found that they are significantly elevated in pre-eclampsia in a similar manner to activin A and inhibin A. However, the increase in FLRG in these cases is independent of activin A or inhibin A, and is associated with low-birthweight outcomes. CONCLUSION Our current data show the placental and secretory changes of FLRG protein in pre-eclampsia, and also indicate the potential usefulness of FLRG as an additional diagnostic marker for pre-eclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Pryor-Koishi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
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