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Visuddho V, Halim P, Helen H, Muhar AM, Iqhrammullah M, Mayulu N, Surya R, Tjandrawinata RR, Ribeiro RIMA, Tallei TE, Taslim NA, Kim B, Syahputra RA, Nurkolis F. Modulation of Apoptotic, Cell Cycle, DNA Repair, and Senescence Pathways by Marine Algae Peptides in Cancer Therapy. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:338. [PMID: 39195454 DOI: 10.3390/md22080338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Marine algae, encompassing both macroalgae and microalgae, have emerged as a promising and prolific source of bioactive compounds with potent anticancer properties. Despite their significant therapeutic potential, the clinical application of these peptides is hindered by challenges such as poor bioavailability and susceptibility to enzymatic degradation. To overcome these limitations, innovative delivery systems, particularly nanocarriers, have been explored. Nanocarriers, including liposomes, nanoparticles, and micelles, have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in enhancing the stability, solubility, and bioavailability of marine algal peptides, ensuring controlled release and prolonged therapeutic effects. Marine algal peptides encapsulated in nanocarriers significantly enhance bioavailability, ensuring more efficient absorption and utilization in the body. Preclinical studies have shown promising results, indicating that nanocarrier-based delivery systems can significantly improve the pharmacokinetic profiles and therapeutic outcomes of marine algal peptides. This review delves into the diverse anticancer mechanisms of marine algal peptides, which include inducing apoptosis, disrupting cell cycle progression, and inhibiting angiogenesis. Further research focused on optimizing nanocarrier formulations, conducting comprehensive clinical trials, and continued exploration of marine algal peptides holds great promise for developing innovative, effective, and sustainable cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Visuddho Visuddho
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
| | - Princella Halim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia
| | - Helen Helen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia
| | - Adi Muradi Muhar
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Iqhrammullah
- Postgraduate Program of Public Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh, Banda Aceh 23123, Indonesia
| | - Nelly Mayulu
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Muhammadiyah Manado University, Manado 95249, Indonesia
| | - Reggie Surya
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta 11480, Indonesia
| | - Raymond Rubianto Tjandrawinata
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta 12930, Indonesia
| | | | - Trina Ekawati Tallei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia
| | - Nurpudji Astuti Taslim
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Rony Abdi Syahputra
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia
| | - Fahrul Nurkolis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, State Islamic University of Sunan Kalijaga (UIN Sunan Kalijaga), Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
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Lee BK, Salamah J, Cheeran E, Adu-Gyamfi EA. Dynamic and distinct histone modifications facilitate human trophoblast lineage differentiation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4505. [PMID: 38402275 PMCID: PMC10894295 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55189-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The placenta serves as an essential organ for fetal growth throughout pregnancy. Histone modification is a crucial regulatory mechanism involved in numerous biological processes and development. Nevertheless, there remains a significant gap in our understanding regarding the epigenetic regulations that influence trophoblast lineage differentiation, a fundamental aspect of placental development. Here, through comprehensive mapping of H3K4me3, H3K27me3, H3K9me3, and H3K27ac loci during the differentiation of trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) into syncytiotrophoblasts (STs) and extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs), we reveal dynamic reconfiguration in H3K4me3 and H3K27ac patterns that establish an epigenetic landscape conducive to proper trophoblast lineage differentiation. We observe that broad H3K4me3 domains are associated with trophoblast lineage-specific gene expression. Unlike embryonic stem cells, TSCs lack robust bivalent domains. Notably, the repression of ST- and EVT-active genes in TSCs is primarily attributed to the weak H3K4me3 signal rather than bivalent domains. We also unveil the inactivation of TSC enhancers precedes the activation of ST enhancers during ST formation. Our results provide a comprehensive global map of diverse histone modifications, elucidating the dynamic histone modifications during trophoblast lineage differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bum-Kyu Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Research Center, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA.
| | - Joudi Salamah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Research Center, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA
| | - Elisha Cheeran
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Research Center, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA
| | - Enoch Appiah Adu-Gyamfi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Research Center, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA
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Kou J, Yuan E, Yan G. Association between HIF-1α, BNIP3, and autophagy in the chorionic villi of missed abortion. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2023. [PMID: 37150840 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the expression of autophagy mediated by the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α)/BNIP3 signaling pathway in villus tissues of missed abortion and HTR-8/SVneo cells and to elucidate the association of HIF-1α and BNIP3 in autophagy of missed abortion. METHODS Villus tissues from 30 healthy women with induced abortion and 35 patients with missed abortion were collected, and HTR-8/SVneo cells were cultured under hypoxia and transfected with HIF-1α-siRNA. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was utilized to measure the mRNA levels of HIF-1α and BNIP3; Western blotting was performed to determine the protein levels of HIF-1α, BNIP3, LC3 II/I, and Beclin 1 in villus tissues and HTR-8/SVneo cells. Cellular invasion activity was detected by transwell matrigel assay. The level of autophagy was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy of autophagosome formation. RESULTS The mRNA levels of HIF-1α and BNIP3 were significantly lower in the missed abortion villi than in the induced abortion samples. The protein levels of HIF-1α, BNIP3, Beclin 1, and LC3II/I were significantly decreased in villus tissues from missed abortion, and autophagosomes were significantly decreased in villus tissues from missed abortion. Under hypoxia, the mRNA expression of HIF-1α and BNIP3 was inhibited after silencing HIF-1α by RNAi, while the protein expression of HIF-1α, BNIP3, Beclin1, and LC3II/I was significantly downregulated. The number of invading cells was significantly decreased, and autophagosomes were significantly decreased after silencing HIF-1α by RNAi in HTR-8/SVneo cells. CONCLUSIONS Autophagy mediated by the HIF-1α/BNIP3 signaling pathway in villous trophoblast cells may be associated with the progression and development of missed abortion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junna Kou
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Enwu Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guangwei Yan
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Drewlo S, Johnson E, Kilburn BA, Kadam L, Armistead B, Kohan-Ghadr HR. Irisin induces trophoblast differentiation via AMPK activation in the human placenta. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:7146-7158. [PMID: 32020629 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Irisin, an adipokine, regulates differentiation and phenotype in various cell types including myocytes, adipocytes, and osteoblasts. Circulating irisin concentration increases throughout human pregnancy. In pregnancy disorders such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus, circulating irisin levels are reduced compared to healthy controls. To date, there are no data on the role and molecular function of irisin in the human placenta or its contribution to pathophysiology. Aberrant trophoblast differentiation is involved in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. The current study aimed to assess the molecular effects of irisin on trophoblast differentiation and function. First-trimester placental explants were cultured and treated with low (10 nM) and high (50 nM) physiological doses of irisin. Treatment with irisin dose-dependently increased both in vitro placental outgrowth (on Matrigel™) and trophoblast cell-cell fusion. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling, an important regulator of cellular energy homeostasis that is involved in trophoblast differentiation and pathology, was subsequently investigated. Here, irisin exposure induced placental AMPK activation. To determine the effects of irisin on trophoblast differentiation, two trophoblast-like cell lines, HTR-8/SVneo and BeWo, were treated with irisin and/or a specific AMPK inhibitor (Compound C). Irisin-induced AMPK phosphorylation in HTR-8/SVneo cells. Additionally, as part of the differentiation process, integrin switching from α6 to α1 occurred as well as increased invasiveness. Overall, irisin promoted differentiation in villous and extravillous cell-based models via AMPK pathway activation. These findings provide evidence that exposure to irisin promotes differentiation and improves trophoblast functions in the human placenta that are affected in abnormal placentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Drewlo
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Eugenia Johnson
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Brian A Kilburn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Leena Kadam
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Brooke Armistead
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
| | - Hamid-Reza Kohan-Ghadr
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan
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Song X, Li C, Li J, Liu L, Meng L, Ding H, Long W. The long noncoding RNA uc.294 is upregulated in early-onset pre-eclampsia and inhibits proliferation, invasion of trophoblast cells (HTR-8/SVneo). J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:11001-11008. [PMID: 30569493 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a large number of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported in human diseases that are evolutionarily conserved and are likely to play a role in many biological events including pre-eclampsia. In our previous research, we selected thousands of lncRNAs for their relationship with early-onset pre-eclampsia. Among these lncRNAs, a lncRNA named uc.294 attracted our attention, was once reported to specifically be expressed at a high level in the early-onset of pre-eclampsia. This study aims to investigate the function of uc.294 in early-onset pre-eclampsia and the possible mechanism. The uc.294 expression level in early-onset pre-eclampsia or in normal placenta tissues was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. To detect the proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis capacity of the trophoblast cells, we performed the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, transwell assay, and flow cytometry, respectively. Here we report, for the first time, that uc.294 inhibits proliferation, invasion, and promotes apoptosis of trophoblast cells HTR-8/SVneo by working in key aspects of biological behaviors. However, how uc.294 acts to regulate gene functions in early-onset pre-eclampsia needs further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Song
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Fourth Clinical Medicine College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingyun Li
- Maternal and Child Health Medical Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Li Meng
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Hongjuan Ding
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Long
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
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Wu H, Jiang K, Zhang T, Zhao G, Shaukat A, Deng G. The expression of major histocompatibility complex class I in endometrial epithelial cells from dairy cow under a simulating hypoxic environment. Res Vet Sci 2018; 118:61-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Yamashita M, Kumasawa K, Nakamura H, Kimura T. Soluble FLT-1 rules placental destiny. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 496:1243-1249. [PMID: 29409879 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Placenta previa is an abnormality in which the placenta covers the internal uterine os, and it can cause serious morbidity and mortality in both mother and fetus due to catastrophic hemorrhage. Some pregnant women recover from placenta previa due to a phenomenon called "migration." However, the mechanism of "migration" of the placenta has not been elucidated. METHODS Human placentas were collected from patients with placenta previa and those with no abnormal placentation (control). A microarray analysis was performed to detect the genes up- or down-regulated only in the caudal part in the previa group. Specific mRNA expression was evaluated using real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Unilateral uterine artery ablation of 8.5 dpc mice was performed to reproduce the reduction of placental blood supply, and weights of the placentas and fetuses were evaluated in 18.5 dpc. Specific mRNA expression was also evaluated in mice placentas. RESULTS According to the result of the microarray analysis, we focused on soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFLT-1) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) alpha. The sFLT-1 expression level is locally high in the caudal part of the human placenta in patients with placenta previa. In mice experiments, the weights of the placentas and fetuses were significantly smaller in the ablation side than those in the control side, and the sFlt-1 expression level was significantly higher in the ablation side than in the control side. DISCUSSION Our study suggests that "migration" of the placenta is derived from placental degeneration at the caudal part of the placenta, and sFlt-1 plays a role in this placental degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Yamashita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Keiichi Kumasawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Hitomi Nakamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Tadashi Kimura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
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Guan SY, Leng RX, Tao JH, Li XP, Ye DQ, Olsen N, Zheng SG, Pan HF. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α: a promising therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 21:715-723. [PMID: 28553732 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1336539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) plays a crucial role in both innate and adaptive immunity. Emerging evidence indicates that HIF-1α is associated with the inflammation and pathologic activities of autoimmune diseases. Areas covered: Considering that the types of autoimmune diseases are complicated and various, this review aims to cover the typical kinds of autoimmune diseases, discuss the molecular mechanisms, biological functions and expression of HIF-1α in these diseases, and further explore its therapeutic potential. Expert opinion: Inflammation and hypoxia are interdependent. HIF-1α as a key regulator of hypoxia, exerts a crucial role in the balance between Th17 and Treg, and involves in the inflammation and pathologic activities of autoimmune diseases. Although there are many challenges remaining to be overcome, targeting HIF-1α could be a promising strategy for autoimmune diseases therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yang Guan
- a Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China.,b Anhui provincial laboratory of population health & major disease screening and diagnosis , Hefei , China
| | - Rui-Xue Leng
- a Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China.,b Anhui provincial laboratory of population health & major disease screening and diagnosis , Hefei , China
| | - Jin-Hui Tao
- c Department of Rheumatology , Anhui Provincial Hospital , Hefei , China
| | - Xiang-Pei Li
- c Department of Rheumatology , Anhui Provincial Hospital , Hefei , China
| | - Dong-Qing Ye
- a Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China.,b Anhui provincial laboratory of population health & major disease screening and diagnosis , Hefei , China
| | - Nancy Olsen
- d Division of Rheumatology , Penn State University Hershey College of Medicine , Hershey , PA , USA
| | - Song Guo Zheng
- d Division of Rheumatology , Penn State University Hershey College of Medicine , Hershey , PA , USA
| | - Hai-Feng Pan
- a Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China.,b Anhui provincial laboratory of population health & major disease screening and diagnosis , Hefei , China
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Williams CJ, Chu A, Jefferson WN, Casero D, Sudhakar D, Khurana N, Hogue CP, Aryasomayajula C, Patel P, Sullivan P, Padilla-Banks E, Mohandessi S, Janzen C, Wadehra M. Epithelial membrane protein 2 (EMP2) deficiency alters placental angiogenesis, mimicking features of human placental insufficiency. J Pathol 2017; 242:246-259. [PMID: 28295343 DOI: 10.1002/path.4893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial membrane protein-2 (EMP2) is a tetraspan protein predicted to regulate placental development. Highly expressed in secretory endometrium and trophectoderm cells, previous studies suggest that it may regulate implantation by orchestrating the surface expression of integrins and other membrane proteins. In order to test the role of EMP2 in pregnancy, mice lacking EMP2 (Emp2-/- ) were generated. Emp2-/- females are fertile but have reduced litter sizes when carrying Emp2-/- but not Emp2+/- fetuses. Placentas of Emp2-/- fetuses exhibit dysregulation in pathways related to neoangiogenesis, coagulation, and oxidative stress, and have increased fibrin deposition and altered vasculature. Given that these findings often occur due to placental insufficiency resulting in an oxygen-poor environment, the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) was examined. Placentas from Emp2-/- fetuses had increased total HIF-1α expression in large part through an increase in uterine NK (uNK) cells, demonstrating a unique interplay between uNK cells and trophoblasts modulated through EMP2. To determine if these results translated to human pregnancy, placentas from normal, term deliveries or those complicated by placental insufficiency resulting in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) were stained for EMP2. EMP2 was significantly reduced in both villous and extravillous trophoblast populations in IUGR placentas. Experiments in vitro using human trophoblast cells lines indicate that EMP2 modulates angiogenesis by altering HIF-1α expression. Our results reveal a novel role for EMP2 in regulating trophoblast function and vascular development in mice and humans, and suggest that it may be a new biomarker for placental insufficiency. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen J Williams
- Reproductive Medicine Group, Reproductive & Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Alison Chu
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Wendy N Jefferson
- Reproductive Medicine Group, Reproductive & Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - David Casero
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Deepthi Sudhakar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Nevil Khurana
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Claire P Hogue
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Chinmayi Aryasomayajula
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Priya Patel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Peggy Sullivan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Elizabeth Padilla-Banks
- Reproductive Medicine Group, Reproductive & Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Shabnam Mohandessi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Carla Janzen
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Madhuri Wadehra
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Placental explant culture is an important model for studying placental development and functions. We investigated the differences in placental gene expression in response to tissue culture, atmospheric and physiologic oxygen concentrations. METHODS Placental explants were collected from normal term (38-39 weeks of gestation) placentae with no previous uterine contractile activity. Placental transcriptomic expressions were evaluated with GeneChip® Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 arrays (Affymetrix). RESULTS We uncovered sub-sets of genes that regulate response to stress, induction of apoptosis programmed cell death, mis-regulation of cell growth, proliferation, cell morphogenesis, tissue viability, and protection from apoptosis in cultured placental explants. We also identified a sub-set of genes with highly unstable pattern of expression after exposure to tissue culture. Tissue culture irrespective of oxygen concentration induced dichotomous increase in significant gene expression and increased enrichment of significant pathways and transcription factor targets (TFTs) including HIF1A. The effect was exacerbated by culture at atmospheric oxygen concentration, where further up-regulation of TFTs including PPARA, CEBPD, HOXA9 and down-regulated TFTs such as JUND/FOS suggest intrinsic heightened key biological and metabolic mechanisms such as glucose use, lipid biosynthesis, protein metabolism; apoptosis, inflammatory responses; and diminished trophoblast proliferation, differentiation, invasion, regeneration, and viability. DISCUSSION These findings demonstrate that gene expression patterns differ between pre-culture and cultured explants, and the gene expression of explants cultured at atmospheric oxygen concentration favours stressed, pro-inflammatory and increased apoptotic transcriptomic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Brew
- University of West London, Paragon House, Boston Manor Road, Brentford, Middlesex, TW8 9GA, UK.
| | - M H F Sullivan
- Institute of Reproductive & Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
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Long W, Rui C, Song X, Dai X, Xue X, Lu Y, Shen R, Li J, Li J, Ding H. Distinct expression profiles of lncRNAs between early-onset preeclampsia and preterm controls. Clin Chim Acta 2016; 463:193-199. [PMID: 27816668 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Early-onset preeclampsia (EOPE), which is the most severe form of the syndrome, confers a high risk of neonatal morbidity and perinatal death. We aim to study the roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathogenesis of early-onset preeclampsia (EOPE). Therefore, we examined the expression profiles of lncRNAs between early-onset preeclampsia and preterm controls using microarray analysis. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to verify the selected differentially expressed lncRNAs. In total, we identified 15,646 upregulated and 13,178 downregulated lncRNAs in the placenta of EOPE patients compared to the preterm controls. Gene ontology and pathway analysis revealed that compared to the preterm controls, many of the processes over-represented in the EOPE patients were related to cell migration and cell motility. A selection of the differentially expressed lncRNA transcripts was confirmed using qRT-PCR, particularly RP11-465L10.10, which is associated with the MMP9 gene. These data may offer a background/reference resource for future functional studies of lncRNAs related to EOPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Long
- Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Can Rui
- Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Xuejing Song
- Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Xiaonan Dai
- Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Xuan Xue
- Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Yuanqing Lu
- Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Rong Shen
- Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Jun Li
- Maternal and Child Health Medical Institute, Department of Plastic & Cosmetic Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Jingyun Li
- Maternal and Child Health Medical Institute, Department of Plastic & Cosmetic Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, China.
| | - Hongjuan Ding
- Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, China.
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First trimester trophoblasts forming endothelial-like tubes in vitro emulate a ‘blood vessel development’ gene expression profile. Gene Expr Patterns 2016; 21:103-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Hypoxia induced HIF-1/HIF-2 activity alters trophoblast transcriptional regulation and promotes invasion. Eur J Cell Biol 2015; 94:589-602. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Sun Y, Wang J, Li H, Sun L, Wang Y, Han X. The effects of budesonide on angiogenesis in a murine asthma model. Arch Med Sci 2013; 9:361-7. [PMID: 23671450 PMCID: PMC3648823 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2013.33194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Revised: 09/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study is to determine the effects and mechanisms of budesonide on angiogenesis in a murine asthma model. MATERIAL AND METHODS MURINE ASTHMA MODELS WERE ESTABLISHED AND MICE WERE DIVIDED INTO THREE GROUPS: the model group (OVA-sensitized and challenged mice), the BUD group (budesonide-treated mice) and the PBS group (normal control mice). Mice in the BUD group were administered with inhaled budesonide (100 µg/kg) daily. The effects on airway inflammation, angiogenesis, expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were examined. RESULTS Administration of budesonide ameliorated allergic airway inflammation (2.90 ±0.18 vs. 4.80 ±0.20, p < 0.01) and significantly reduced the percentage vascularity (0.78 ±0.14 vs. 2.83 ±0.90, p < 0.01) compared with those in the asthmatic model mice. It also reduced the expression of HIF-1α (immunohistochemistry results: 71.70 ±1.40 vs. 89.60 ±0.79, p < 0.001; western blotting results: 0.88 ±0.41 vs. 0.97 ±0.47, p < 0.05), as well as that of VEGF (immunohistochemistry results: 26.30 ±1.03 vs. 93.30 ±1.54, p < 0.001; western blotting results: 1.12 ±0.22 vs. 2.08 ±0.30, p < 0.01). Percentage vascularity had positive correlation with both HIF-1α (r = 0.785, p < 0.01) and VEGF (r = 0.693, p < 0.01) expression. Furthermore, there is positive relationship between HIF-1α and VEGF expression (r = 0.641, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that budesonide has an important inhibitory effect on angiogenesis in asthma. Inhaled administration of budesonide achieved anti-angiogenic activity through inhibition of HIF-1α and VEGF expression. The results support a potential anti-remodeling role for budesonide in the treatment of human asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinrong Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Huabing Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhucheng People's Hospital, Zhucheng, Shandong, China
| | - Lifeng Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuzhen Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Hogg K, Blair JD, von Dadelszen P, Robinson WP. Hypomethylation of the LEP gene in placenta and elevated maternal leptin concentration in early onset pre-eclampsia. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2013; 367:64-73. [PMID: 23274423 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2012.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In pre-eclampsia, placental leptin is up-regulated and leptin is elevated in maternal plasma. To investigate potential epigenetic regulation of the leptin (LEP) gene in normal and complicated pregnancy, DNA methylation was assessed at multiple reported regulatory regions in placentae from control pregnancies (n=111), and those complicated by early onset pre-eclampsia (EOPET; arising <34 weeks; n=19), late onset pre-eclampsia (LOPET; arising ≥34 weeks; n=18) and normotensive intrauterine growth restriction (nIUGR; n=13). The LEP promoter was hypomethylated in EOPET, but not LOPET or nIUGR placentae, particularly at CpG sites downstream of the transcription start site (-10.1%; P<0.0001). Maternal plasma leptin was elevated in EOPET and LOPET (P<0.05), but not nIUGR, compared with controls. EOPET cases showed a trend towards biallelic LEP expression rather than skewed allelic expression observed in control placentae, suggesting that loss of normal monoallelic expression at the LEP locus is associated with hypomethylation, leading to increased overall LEP expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Hogg
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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16
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Espinoza J. Uteroplacental ischemia in early- and late-onset pre-eclampsia: a role for the fetus? ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2012; 40:373-382. [PMID: 23161443 DOI: 10.1002/uog.12280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Espinoza
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Texas Children's Hospital Pavilion for Women, Baylor College of Medicine, 6651 Main Street, Suite 1020, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Price KJ, Tsykin A, Giles KM, Sladic RT, Epis MR, Ganss R, Goodall GJ, Leedman PJ. Matrigel basement membrane matrix influences expression of microRNAs in cancer cell lines. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 427:343-8. [PMID: 23000157 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Matrigel is a medium rich in extracellular matrix (ECM) components used for three-dimensional cell culture and is known to alter cellular phenotypes and gene expression. microRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and have roles in cancer. While miRNA profiles of numerous cell lines cultured on plastic have been reported, the influence of Matrigel-based culture on cancer cell miRNA expression is largely unknown. This study investigated the influence of Matrigel on the expression of miRNAs that might facilitate ECM-associated cancer cell growth. We performed miRNA profiling by microarray using two colon cancer cell lines (SW480 and SW620), identifying significant differential expression of miRNAs between cells cultured in Matrigel and on plastic. Many of these miRNAs have previously been implicated in cancer-related processes. A common Matrigel-induced miRNA signature comprised of up-regulated miR-1290 and miR-210 and down-regulated miR-29b and miR-32 was identified using RT-qPCR across five epithelial cancer cell lines (SW480, SW620, HT-29, A549 and MDA-MB-231). Experimental modulation of these miRNAs altered expression of their known target mRNAs involved in cell adhesion, proliferation and invasion, in colon cancer cell lines. Furthermore, ITGA5 was identified as a novel putative target of miR-32 that may facilitate cancer cell interactions with the ECM. We propose that culture of cancer cell lines in Matrigel more accurately recapitulates miRNA expression and function in cancer than culture on plastic and thus is a valuable approach to the in vitro study of miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina J Price
- Laboratory for Cancer Medicine, Western Australian Institute for Medical Research and University of Western Australia Centre for Medical Research, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
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18
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Lala N, Girish GV, Cloutier-Bosworth A, Lala PK. Mechanisms in decorin regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor-induced human trophoblast migration and acquisition of endothelial phenotype. Biol Reprod 2012; 87:59. [PMID: 22699486 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.111.097881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells of the human placenta invade the uterine decidua and utero-placental arteries to establish an efficient exchange of key molecules between maternal and fetal blood. Trophoblast invasion is stringently regulated in situ both positively and negatively by a variety of factors at the fetal-maternal interface to maintain a healthy utero-placental homeostasis. One such factor, decorin, a transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta binding, leucine-rich proteoglycan produced by the decidua, negatively regulates EVT proliferation, migration, and invasiveness independent of TGF-beta. We reported that these decorin actions were mediated by its binding to multiple tyrosine kinase receptors, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-2. The present study explores the mechanisms underlying decorin antagonism of VEGF (VEGF-A) stimulation of endovascular differentiation of EVT using our EVT cell line, HTR-8/SVneo. We observe that decorin inhibits VEGF-induced EVT cell migration and endothelial-like tube formation on matrigel. VEGF activates MAPKs (p38 MAPK, MEK3/6, and ERK1/2) in EVT cells, and the activation is blocked in both cases by decorin. Employing selective MAPK inhibitors, we show that both p38 and ERK pathways contribute independently to VEGF-induced EVT migration and capillary-like tube formation. VEGF upregulates the vascular endothelial (VE) markers VE-cadherin and beta-catenin in EVT and endothelial cells, and this upregulation is blocked by decorin and MAPK inhibitors. These results suggest that decorin inhibits VEGF-A stimulation of trophoblast migration and endovascular differentiation by interfering with p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 activation. Thus decorin-mediated dual impediment of endovascular differentiation of the EVT and angiogenesis may have implications for pathogenesis of preeclampsia, a hypoinvasive trophoblast disorder in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neena Lala
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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19
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Rosario FJ, Sadovsky Y, Jansson T. Gene targeting in primary human trophoblasts. Placenta 2012; 33:754-62. [PMID: 22831880 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2012.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Revised: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Studies in primary human trophoblasts provide critical insights into placental function in normal and complicated pregnancies. Mechanistic studies in these cells require experimental tools to modulate gene expression. Lipid-based methods to transfect primary trophoblasts are fairly simple to use and allow for the efficient delivery of nucleic acids, but potential toxic effects limit these methods. Viral vectors are versatile transfection tools of native trophoblastic or foreign cDNAs, providing high transfection efficiency, low toxicity and stable DNA integration into the trophoblast genome. RNA interference (RNAi), using small interfering RNA (siRNA) or microRNA, constitutes a powerful approach to silence trophoblast genes. However, off-target effects, such as regulation of unintended complementary transcripts, inflammatory responses and saturation of the endogenous RNAi machinery, are significant concerns. Strategies to minimize off-target effects include using multiple individual siRNAs, elimination of pro-inflammatory sequences in the siRNA construct and chemical modification of a nucleotide in the guide strand or of the ribose moiety. Tools for efficient gene targeting in primary human trophoblasts are currently available, albeit not yet extensively validated. These methods are critical for exploring the function of human trophoblast genes and may provide a foundation for the future application of gene therapy that targets placental trophoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Rosario
- Center for Pregnancy and Newborn Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, Mail Code 7836, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA
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20
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Highet A, Zhang V, Heinemann G, Roberts C. Use of Matrigel in culture affects cell phenotype and gene expression in the first trimester trophoblast cell line HTR8/SVneo. Placenta 2012; 33:586-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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21
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Fukushima K, Tsukimori K, Li D, Takao T, Morokuma S, Kato K, Seki H, Takeda S, Matsumura S, Wake N. Effect of transient TCDD exposure on immortalized human trophoblast-derived cell lines. Hum Exp Toxicol 2011; 31:550-6. [PMID: 22027506 DOI: 10.1177/0960327111424305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Low level, antenatal exposure to dioxins is associated with low birth weight, which in turn is associated with long-term sequelae. We exposed the human extravillous cytotrophoblast (EVT) lines HTR-8/SV40 and TCL1 to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and assessed cell growth, invasion, and differentiation. TCDD had no effect on cell proliferation, invasion, or tube formation in Matrigel. The EVT-derived cells expressed a functional aryl hydrocarbon receptor protein; however, TCDD exposure did not alter expression levels of proteins involved in EVT differentiation in early pregnancy, including hypoxia-inducible factor 1A (HIF1A), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Integrin A1, A6, and AVB3. These results suggest that the reduction in fetal weight induced by dioxin is not the result of vascular remodeling via EVT dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fukushima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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22
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Antitumor peptides from marine organisms. Mar Drugs 2011; 9:1840-1859. [PMID: 22072999 PMCID: PMC3210608 DOI: 10.3390/md9101840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Revised: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The biodiversity of the marine environment and the associated chemical diversity constitute a practically unlimited resource of new antitumor agents in the field of the development of marine bioactive substances. In this review, the progress on studies of antitumor peptides from marine sources is provided. The biological properties and mechanisms of action of different marine peptides are described; information about their molecular diversity is also presented. Novel peptides that induce apoptosis signal pathway, affect the tubulin-microtubule equilibrium and inhibit angiogenesis are presented in association with their pharmacological properties. It is intended to provide useful information for further research in the fields of marine antitumor peptides.
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Gillies RM, Robinson SP, McPhail LD, Carter ND, Murray JF. Immunohistochemical assessment of intrinsic and extrinsic markers of hypoxia in reproductive tissue: differential expression of HIF1α and HIF2α in rat oviduct and endometrium. J Mol Histol 2011; 42:341-54. [PMID: 21732047 PMCID: PMC3136703 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-011-9338-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 06/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is thought to be critical in regulating physiological processes within the female reproductive system, including ovulation, composition of the fluid in the oviductal/uterine lumens and ovarian follicle development. This study examined the localisation of exogenous (pimonidazole) and endogenous [hypoxia inducible factor 1α and 2α (HIF1α, -2α), glucose transporter type 1 (GLUT1) and carbonic anhydrase 9 (CAIX)] hypoxia-related antigens within the oviduct and uterus of the rat reproductive tract. The extent to which each endogenous antigen co-compartmentalised with pimonidazole was also assessed. Female Wistar Furth rats (n = 10) were injected intraperitoneally with pimonidazole (60 mg/kg) 1 h prior to death. Reproductive tissues were removed immediately following death and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde before being embedded in paraffin. Serial sections were cut (6-7 μm thick) and antigens of interest identified using standard immunohistochemical procedures. The mucosal epithelia of the ampulla, isthmus and uterus were immunopositive for pimonidazole in most sections. Co-compartmentalisation of pimonidazole with HIF1α was only expressed in the mucosa of the uterus whilst co-compartmentalisation with HIF2α was observed in the mucosa of the ampulla, isthmus and uterus. Both GLUT1 and CAIX were co-compartmentalised with pimonidazole in mucosa of the isthmus and uterus. This study confirms that mucosal regions of the rat oviduct and uterus frequently experience severe hypoxia and there are compartment specific variations in expression of endogenous hypoxia-related antigens, including the HIF isoforms. The latter observation may relate to target gene specificity of HIF isoforms or perhaps HIF2α's responsiveness to non-hypoxic stimuli such as hypoglycaemia independently of HIF1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Gillies
- School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish St., London, UK
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24
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Jin Y, Wu J, Song X, Song Q, Cully BL, Messmer-Blust A, Xu M, Foo SY, Rosenzweig A, Li J. RTEF-1, an upstream gene of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, accelerates recovery from ischemia. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:22699-705. [PMID: 21540178 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.237024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The amount of available hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α has been considered to be largely a consequence of post-translational modification by multiple ubiquitin-proteasome pathways. However, the role of transcriptional regulation of HIF-1α is less certain, and the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation of HIF-1α require further investigation. Here we report that related transcriptional enhancer factor-1 (RTEF-1), a member of the TEF transcriptional factor family, transcriptionally regulates the HIF-1α gene under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. The expression of HIF-1α mRNA was decreased in endothelial cells in which RTEF-1 was knocked down with siRNA. Sequential deletional analysis of the HIF-1α promoter revealed that the MCAT-like element in the HIF-1α promoter was essential for HIF-1α transcription. Binding of RTEF-1 to the MCAT-like element was confirmed by ChIP. Treatment of endothelial cells with a HIF-1 inhibitor resulted in retardation of RTEF-1-induced proliferation and tube formation. Moreover, increased HIF-1α expression was observed in transgenic mice expressing RTEF-1 under the VE-cadherin promoter (VE-Cad/RTEF-1). VE-Cad/RTEF-1 mice subjected to hindlimb ischemia demonstrated increased levels of HIF-1α, accelerated recovery of blood flow, and increased capillary density compared with littermate controls. These results identify RTEF-1 as a regulator of HIF-1α transcription, which results in up-regulation of HIF-1α and acceleration of recovery from ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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25
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Ji Z, Long H, Hu Y, Qiu X, Chen X, Li Z, Fan D, Ma B, Fan Q. Expression of MDR1, HIF-1α and MRP1 in sacral chordoma and chordoma cell line CM-319. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2010; 29:158. [PMID: 21143841 PMCID: PMC3017037 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-29-158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Chordoma was a typically slow-growing tumor. The therapeutic approach to chordoma had traditionally relied mainly on surgical therapy. And the main reason for therapeutic failure was resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However the refractory mechanism was not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of three genes (MDR1, HIF-1α and MRP1) associated with resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in chordoma and chordoma cell line CM-319. Materials and methods Using immunohistochemical techniques, the expression of MDR1, HIF-1α and MRP1 was investigated in 50 chordoma specimen. Using RT-PCR and Western blot, the expression of MDR1, HIF-1α and MRP1 was investigated in chordoma and chordoma cell line CM-319. Results Expression of MDR1, HIF-1α and MRP1 was observed in 10%, 80% and 74% of all cases, respectively. Expression of MRP1 was correlated with HIF-1α. On the other hand, expression of MDR1 was not correlated with the expression of HIF-1α or MRP1. The expression of HIF-1α and MRP1 was observed, but MDR1 was not observed in chordoma and CM-319. Conclusion Expression of HIF-1α and MRP1 was observed in most chordoma specimen and CM-319 cell line; expression of HIF-1α correlated with MRP1. HIF-1α and MRP1 may play a role in the multidrug resistance of chordoma to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengang Ji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedics Oncology Institute of Chinese PLA, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710038, P.R. China
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James JL, Whitley GS, Cartwright JE. Pre-eclampsia: fitting together the placental, immune and cardiovascular pieces. J Pathol 2010; 221:363-78. [PMID: 20593492 DOI: 10.1002/path.2719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The success of pregnancy is a result of countless ongoing interactions between the placenta and the maternal immune and cardiovascular systems. Pre-eclampsia is a serious pregnancy complication that arises from multiple potential aberrations in these systems. The pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia is established in the first trimester of pregnancy, when a range of deficiencies in placentation affect the key process of spiral artery remodelling. As pregnancy progresses to the third trimester, inadequate spiral artery remodelling along with multiple haemodynamic, placental and maternal factors converge to activate the maternal immune and cardiovascular systems, events which may in part result from increased shedding of placental debris. As we understand more about the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia, it is becoming clear that the development of early- and late-onset pre-eclampsia, as well as intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), does not necessarily arise from the same underlying pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna L James
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, St George's University of London, London, UK.
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Wang X, Wang G, Wang Y. Intravitreous vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia-inducible factor 1a in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 2009; 148:883-9. [PMID: 19837381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2009.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2009] [Revised: 07/02/2009] [Accepted: 07/05/2009] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1a (HIF-1a) in the vitreous fluid of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). DESIGN Observational case-control study. METHODS Serum and vitreous fluid samples were obtained during vitrectomy from 42 eyes of diabetic patients with PDR (17 type I and 25 type II diabetes mellitus) and from 23 eyes of nondiabetic patients. Retinopathy of 19 diabetic patients was graded as active and the other 23 graded as quiescent according to retinal neovascularization. VEGF and HIF-1a of serum and vitreous fluid samples were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Both intravitreous VEGF and HIF-1a were higher in diabetic patients with PDR than in control subjects (P < .01 and P < .01, respectively). After adjusting for total intravitreous protein (TP) concentration, intravitreous VEGF/TP and HIF-1a/TP in diabetic patients remained significantly higher too. Correlations between intravitreous VEGF and HIF-1a and intravitreous VEGF/TP and HIF-1a/TP were observed in diabetic patients with PDR (r = 0.730; P < .01; r = 0.531; P < .01, respectively) but not in control subjects. Both intravitreous VEGF and HIF-1a were higher in diabetic patients with active PDR than in those with quiescent PDR (P < .01 and P < .05, respectively). Intravitreous VEGF/TP in patients with active PDR remained higher (P < .05). Correlation between intravitreous VEGF and HIF-1a, as well as correlation between intravitreous VEGF/TP and HIF-1a/TP, were observed in diabetic patients with active PDR and those with quiescent PDR but not observed in control subjects. CONCLUSIONS Intravitreous VEGF and HIF-1a in diabetic patients with PDR are increased and related mutually. VEGF and HIF-1a, especially VEGF, are associated with the angiogenesis of PDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Pringle KG, Kind KL, Sferruzzi-Perri AN, Thompson JG, Roberts CT. Beyond oxygen: complex regulation and activity of hypoxia inducible factors in pregnancy. Hum Reprod Update 2009; 16:415-31. [PMID: 19926662 PMCID: PMC2880912 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmp046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the first trimester the extravillous cytotrophoblast cells occlude the uterine spiral arterioles creating a low oxygen environment early in pregnancy, which is essential for pregnancy success. Paradoxically, shallow trophoblast invasion and defective vascular remodelling of the uterine spiral arteries in the first trimester may result in impaired placental perfusion and chronic placental ischemia and hypoxia later in gestation leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes. The hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) are key mediators of the response to low oxygen. We aimed to elucidate mechanisms of regulation of HIFs and the role these may play in the control of placental differentiation, growth and function in both normal and pathological pregnancies. The Pubmed database was consulted for identification of the most relevant published articles. Search terms used were oxygen, placenta, trophoblast, pregnancy, HIF and hypoxia. The HIFs are able to function throughout all aspects of normal and abnormal placental differentiation, growth and function; during the first trimester (physiologically low oxygen), during mid-late gestation (where there is adequate supply of blood and oxygen to the placenta) and in pathological pregnancies complicated by placental hypoxia/ischemia. During normal pregnancy HIFs may respond to complex alterations in oxygen, hormones, cytokines and growth factors to regulate placental invasion, differentiation, transport and vascularization. In the ever-changing environment created during pregnancy, the HIFs appear to act as key mediators of placental development and function and thereby are likely to be important contributors to both normal and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K G Pringle
- Research Centre for Reproductive Health, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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Yu B, Miao ZH, Jiang Y, Li MH, Yang N, Li T, Ding J. c-Jun Protects Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α from Degradation via Its Oxygen-Dependent Degradation Domain in a Nontranscriptional Manner. Cancer Res 2009; 69:7704-12. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-09-0808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Although hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) has long been intensively investigated as a drug target by interfering with its expression or transcriptional function, the regulatory mechanisms of HIF-1α remain to be further clarified. We report here that c-Jun associates with HIF-1α via its oxygen-dependent degradation domain, masks the sites for ubiquitination, and thus protects HIF-1α from proteasome-executing degradation. All of these together resulted in the stabilization and accumulation of HIF-1α, consequently promoting the transcription of its target gene and driving angiogenesis-related events. The stabilization of HIF-1α was dependent on the domains of c-Jun for DNA binding and heterodimerization but independent of the Ser63/73 phosphorylation that is critical for transcriptional function. These findings highlight a previously unrecognized nontranscriptional function of c-Jun on the one hand and a distinct regulatory mechanism of HIF-1α activity on the other, consequently offering profound mechanistic insights into multiple events simultaneously involving both c-Jun and HIF-1α in tumor progression. [Cancer Res 2009;69(19):7704–12]
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yu
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Hong Miao
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Hong Li
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Yang
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Li
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Ding
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Fukushima K, Murata M, Hachisuga M, Tsukimori K, Seki H, Takeda S, Kato K, Wake N. Gene Expression Profiles by Microarray Analysis during Matrigel-induced Tube Formation in a Human Extravillous Trophoblast Cell line: Comparison with Endothelial Cells. Placenta 2008; 29:898-904. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2008.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2008] [Revised: 07/31/2008] [Accepted: 07/31/2008] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Linton NF, Wessels JM, Cnossen SA, Croy BA, Tayade C. Immunological mechanisms affecting angiogenesis and their relation to porcine pregnancy success. Immunol Invest 2008; 37:611-29. [PMID: 18716940 DOI: 10.1080/08820130802191540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal mortality due to loss of lymphocyte-promoted endometrial angiogenesis is being investigated as a major cause of litter reductions during pregnancy in pigs. This review discusses immune mechanisms influencing porcine endometrial angiogenesis as well as additional signalling molecules that may play important roles in the compromise of peri-implantation and mid-gestation fetal pig survival. These include dendritic cells, signalling molecules such as toll-like receptors, chemokines and ficolins. Together these cells and molecules regulate immune responses and, ideally, protect the mother and prevent immune-based conceptus losses. Dendritic cells were recently shown to be angiogenic. Their tolerogenic role at the maternal-fetal interface coupled with the ability to secrete and respond to angiogenic factors suggests that dendritic cells are the key coordinators of angiogenesis at the porcine maternal-fetal interface. Chemokines coordinate the localization of immune effector and endothelial cells. The balance between pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic chemokines is addressed in relation to conceptus viability. Ficolins, components of the lectin-mediated complement activation pathway, are used for self/non-self recognition. Together, these components of the immune system could regulate lymphocyte- and non-lymphocyte-promoted endometrial angiogenesis to determine conceptus survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola F Linton
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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