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Karacan E, Turgut ÜK, Büyükbayram Hİ, Güney M. Evaluation of maternal serum fibroblast growth factor-23 levels in fetal growth restriction and gestational hypertensive disease. REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2024; 70:e20231496. [PMID: 39045952 PMCID: PMC11288275 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20231496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine serum fibroblast growth factor-23 levels in preeclampsia, eclampsia, gestational hypertension, and the presence of fetal growth restriction subgroups. METHODS A total of 55 pregnant women with planned cesarean section were included in this cross-sectional study. They were divided into two groups, namely, control (25) and gestational hypertensive disease (30). The gestational hypertensive disease group was evaluated by dividing it into three subgroups (preeclampsia, eclampsia, and gestational hypertension) according to the clinical and laboratory findings of the disease and two subgroups (presence of fetal growth restriction and absence of fetal growth restriction) according to the birth weight percentile. Demographic parameters, obstetric history, physical examination findings, and laboratory values were evaluated. RESULTS Demographic parameters and obstetric history were similar between the two groups, while gestational week of delivery was lower in the gestational hypertensive disease group (p=0.002). Laboratory parameters and serum fibroblast growth factor-23 (pg/mL) values were similar between the two groups. In the subgroup analysis for gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia, there was no statistically significant difference in serum fibroblast growth factor-23 levels between gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, eclampsia, and control groups. In the subgroup analysis based on the presence of fetal growth restriction, serum fibroblast growth factor-23 levels were similar to the control group in the gestational hypertensive disease absence of fetal growth restriction, while serum fibroblast growth factor-23 levels and serum calcium levels were statistically significantly lower in the gestational hypertensive disease with the presence of fetal growth restriction (p=0.044 and p<0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION Serum fibroblast growth factor-23 levels are similar between pregnancies complicated with gestational hypertensive disease and normotensive pregnancies. However, serum fibroblast growth factor-23 levels were found to be lower in pregnancies complicated with gestational hypertensive disease with the presence of fetal growth restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdener Karacan
- Süleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology – Isparta, Turkey
| | - Ümran Kılınçdemir Turgut
- Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology – Adana, Turkey
| | | | - Mehmet Güney
- Dokuz Eylul University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology – İzmir, Turkey
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Franklin A, Freedman A, Borders A, Keenan Devlin L, Proctor ES, Price E, Cole S, Miller G, Ernst LM. Decreased Alpha Klotho Expression in Placentas Exposed to Severe Maternal Vascular Malperfusion. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2024:10935266241259346. [PMID: 38907667 DOI: 10.1177/10935266241259346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Placental maternal vascular malperfusion (MVM) is characterized by accelerated villous maturation and has been associated with a decrease in the antiaging protein, alpha-klotho (AK). Our aim was to characterize AK protein and gene expression in the placenta and fetal organs. METHODS We utilized 2 cohorts. First, we characterized AK protein expression in an autopsy cohort where cases were defined as MVM as the cause of fetal death compared to a stillborn control population. Second, we characterized placental and umbilical cord blood AK gene expression in a liveborn population with and without MVM. RESULTS We found decreased protein expression in the villous trophoblastic cells of placentas exposed to severe MVM and decreased AK gene expression in placental tissue exposed to MVM. We did not see any statistically significant differences in fetal organ or umbilical cord blood AK expression based on the presence or absence of MVM. Furthermore, in liveborn infants, we also found increased odds of preterm birth with lower placental AK expression. CONCLUSIONS Decreased AK gene and protein expression in the placenta in the setting of MVM is consistent with the theory of placental aging in MVM and is associated with increased odds of preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ann Borders
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Erica Price
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | | | - Greg Miller
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Linda M Ernst
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
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Zhao S, Zhou J, Chen R, Zhou W, Geng H, Huang Y, Shi S, Yuan L, Wang Z, Wang D. Decreased FGF23 inhibits placental angiogenesis via the ERK1/2-EGR-1 signaling pathway in preeclampsia. Cytokine 2024; 176:156508. [PMID: 38266461 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the expression of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) in pregnant women with preeclampsia and elucidate its role in promoting placental angiogenesis through the ERK1/2-EGR-1 signaling pathway. METHODS Serum FGF23 levels were measured by ELISA in healthy pregnant women and patients with preeclampsia during the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy. Wound healing, Transwell, and tube formation assays were performed to investigate the effects of FGF23 on cell migration, invasion and tube formation. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and its upstream signaling molecules, p-ERK, and EGR-1, in placental tissues was detected by RT-qPCR and western blotting. Additionally, the effect of FGF23 on VEGF-A, p-ERK, and EGR-1 expression was further explored in vitro. RESULTS Serum FGF23 levels increased with gestational age. During the third trimester, the control group exhibited a more pronounced increase in FGF23 levels than the preeclampsia group. Administering exogenous FGF23 promoted trophoblast cell migration, invasion and enhanced tube formation in vascular endothelial cells. The expression levels of VEGF-A, p-ERK, and EGR-1 in the placental tissues were significantly lower in the preeclampsia group than in the control group. In vitro experiments confirmed that FGF23 up-regulated VEGF-A expression through the p-ERK/EGR-1 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION The serum level of FGF23 decreased in pregnant women with preeclampsia, inhibiting the ERK1/2-EGR-1 pathway and resulting in decreased expression of VEGF-A, thereby inhibiting placental angiogenesis. This could be a potential mechanism involved in the progression of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Junling Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Run Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Huizhen Geng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yihong Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shaole Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lemin Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zilian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Dongyu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Guangzhou, China.
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Suvakov S, Kattah AG, Gojkovic T, Enninga EAL, Pruett J, Jayachandran M, Sousa C, Santos J, Abou Hassan C, Gonzales-Suarez M, Garovic VD. Impact of Aging and Cellular Senescence in the Pathophysiology of Preeclampsia. Compr Physiol 2023; 13:5077-5114. [PMID: 37770190 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c230003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is increasing, which may be due to several factors, including an increased age at pregnancy and more comorbid health conditions during reproductive years. Preeclampsia, the most severe hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, has been associated with an increased risk of future disease, including cardiovascular and kidney diseases. Cellular senescence, the process of cell cycle arrest in response to many physiologic and maladaptive stimuli, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and provide a mechanistic link to future disease. In this article, we will discuss the pathophysiology of preeclampsia, the many mechanisms of cellular senescence, evidence for the involvement of senescence in the development of preeclampsia, as well as evidence that cellular senescence may link preeclampsia to the risk of future disease. Lastly, we will explore how a better understanding of the role of cellular senescence in preeclampsia may lead to therapeutic trials. © 2023 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 13:5077-5114, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Suvakov
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Andrea G Kattah
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Tamara Gojkovic
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Elizabeth A L Enninga
- Division of Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jacob Pruett
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Ciria Sousa
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Janelle Santos
- Division of Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Coline Abou Hassan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Vesna D Garovic
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Division of Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Hellwege JN, Stallings SC, Piekos JA, Jasper EA, Aronoff DM, Edwards TL, Velez Edwards DR. Association of genetically-predicted placental gene expression with adult blood pressure traits. J Hypertens 2023; 41:1024-1032. [PMID: 37016918 PMCID: PMC10287061 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Blood pressure is a complex, polygenic trait, and the need to identify prehypertensive risks and new gene targets for blood pressure control therapies or prevention continues. We hypothesize a developmental origins model of blood pressure traits through the life course where the placenta is a conduit mediating genomic and nongenomic transmission of disease risk. Genetic control of placental gene expression has recently been described through expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) studies which have identified associations with childhood phenotypes. METHODS We conducted a transcriptome-wide gene expression analysis estimating the predicted gene expression of placental tissue in adult individuals with genome-wide association study (GWAS) blood pressure summary statistics. We constructed predicted expression models of 15 154 genes from reference placenta eQTL data and investigated whether genetically-predicted gene expression in placental tissue is associated with blood pressure traits using published GWAS summary statistics. Functional annotation of significant genes was generated using FUMA. RESULTS We identified 18, 9, and 21 genes where predicted expression in placenta was significantly associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and pulse pressure (PP), respectively. There were 14 gene-tissue associations (13 unique genes) significant only in placenta. CONCLUSIONS In this meta-analysis using S-PrediXcan and GWAS summary statistics, the predicted expression in placenta of 48 genes was statistically significantly associated with blood pressure traits. Notable findings included the association of FGFR1 expression with increased SBP and PP. This evidence of gene expression variation in placenta preceding the onset of adult blood pressure phenotypes is an example of extreme preclinical biological changes which may benefit from intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacklyn N Hellwege
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute
| | - Sarah C Stallings
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute
| | - Jacqueline A Piekos
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Quantitative Sciences
| | - Elizabeth A Jasper
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Quantitative Sciences
| | - David M Aronoff
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute
- Department of Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Digna R Velez Edwards
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Quantitative Sciences
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Testo AA, McBride C, Bernstein IM, Dumas JA. Preeclampsia and its relationship to pathological brain aging. Front Physiol 2022; 13:979547. [PMID: 36324311 PMCID: PMC9618619 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.979547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of preeclampsia during pregnancy may have long-term effects on brain aging in women. Associations between preeclampsia and vascular dementia have been established, however the connection between preeclampsia and Alzheimer's disease has not been as thoroughly explored. Both preeclampsia and Alzheimer's disease have been associated with misfolded amyloid beta proteins and inflammation; due to these similarities, in this minireview, we examined the potential links between a history of preeclampsia and the development of dementia. We also discussed how hypertensive disorders of pregnancy may relate to both normal brain aging and dementia to highlight the need for additional research regarding the long-term cognitive effects of preeclampsia on the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail A. Testo
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Carole McBride
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Ira M. Bernstein
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Julie A. Dumas
- Department of Psychiatry Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
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Qu H, Khalil RA. Role of ADAM and ADAMTS Disintegrin and Metalloproteinases in Normal Pregnancy and Preeclampsia. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115266. [PMID: 36191626 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Normal pregnancy (NP) involves intricate processes starting with egg fertilization, proceeding to embryo implantation, placentation and gestation, and culminating in parturition. These pregnancy-related processes require marked uteroplacental and vascular remodeling by proteolytic enzymes and metalloproteinases. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) and ADAM with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) are members of the zinc-dependent family of proteinases with highly conserved protein structure and sequence homology, which include a pro-domain, and a metalloproteinase, disintegrin and cysteine-rich domain. In NP, ADAMs and ADAMTS regulate sperm-egg fusion, embryo implantation, trophoblast invasion, placental angiogenesis and spiral arteries remodeling through their ectodomain proteolysis of cell surface cytokines, cadherins and growth factors as well as their adhesion with integrins and cell-cell junction proteins. Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious complication of pregnancy characterized by new-onset hypertension (HTN) in pregnancy (HTN-Preg) at or after 20 weeks of gestation, with or without proteinuria. Insufficient trophoblast invasion of the uterine wall, inadequate expansive remodeling of the spiral arteries, reduced uteroplacental perfusion pressure, and placental ischemia/hypoxia are major initiating events in the pathogenesis of PE. Placental ischemia/hypoxia increase the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which lead to aberrant expression/activity of certain ADAMs and ADAMTS. In PE, abnormal expression/activity of specific ADAMs and ADAMTS that function as proteolytic sheddases could alter proangiogenic and growth factors, and promote the release of antiangiogenic factors and inflammatory cytokines into the placenta and maternal circulation leading to generalized inflammation, endothelial cell injury and HTN-Preg, renal injury and proteinuria, and further decreases in uteroplacental blood flow, exaggeration of placental ischemia, and consequently fetal growth restriction. Identifying the role of ADAMs and ADAMTS in NP and PE has led to a better understanding of the underlying molecular and vascular pathways, and advanced the potential for novel biomarkers for prediction and early detection, and new approaches for the management of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Qu
- Vascular Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Raouf A Khalil
- Vascular Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
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Jiang W, Li Y, Jiang Y, Gu W, Huang H, Wei Q, Bai G, Wang J, Rizak JD, Zhou Z. Evaluation of Klotho gene expression and NGAL levels following acute kidney injury during pregnancy hypertensive disorders. Pregnancy Hypertens 2022; 30:161-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zhu Y, Prata LGL, Gerdes EOW, Netto JME, Pirtskhalava T, Giorgadze N, Tripathi U, Inman CL, Johnson KO, Xue A, Palmer AK, Chen T, Schaefer K, Justice JN, Nambiar AM, Musi N, Kritchevsky SB, Chen J, Khosla S, Jurk D, Schafer MJ, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL. Orally-active, clinically-translatable senolytics restore α-Klotho in mice and humans. EBioMedicine 2022; 77:103912. [PMID: 35292270 PMCID: PMC9034457 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND α-Klotho is a geroprotective protein that can attenuate or alleviate deleterious changes with ageing and disease. Declines in α-Klotho play a role in the pathophysiology of multiple diseases and age-related phenotypes. Pre-clinical evidence suggests that boosting α-Klotho holds therapeutic potential. However, readily clinically-translatable, practical strategies for increasing α-Klotho are not at hand. Here, we report that orally-active, clinically-translatable senolytics can increase α-Klotho in mice and humans. METHODS We examined α-Klotho expression in three different human primary cell types co-cultured with conditioned medium (CM) from senescent or non-senescent cells with or without neutralizing antibodies. We assessed α-Klotho expression in aged, obese, and senescent cell-transplanted mice treated with vehicle or senolytics. We assayed urinary α-Klotho in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) who were treated with the senolytic drug combination, Dasatinib plus Quercetin (D+Q). FINDINGS We found exposure to the senescent cell secretome reduces α-Klotho in multiple nonsenescent human cell types. This was partially prevented by neutralizing antibodies against the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors, activin A and Interleukin 1α (IL-1α). Consistent with senescent cells' being a cause of decreased α-Klotho, transplanting senescent cells into younger mice reduced brain and urine α-Klotho. Selectively removing senescent cells genetically or pharmacologically increased α-Klotho in urine, kidney, and brain of mice with increased senescent cell burden, including naturally-aged, diet-induced obese (DIO), or senescent cell-transplanted mice. D+Q increased α-Klotho in urine of patients with IPF, a disease linked to cellular senescence. INTERPRETATION Senescent cells cause reduced α-Klotho, partially due to their production of activin A and IL-1α. Targeting senescent cells boosts α-Klotho in mice and humans. Thus, clearing senescent cells restores α-Klotho, potentially opening a novel, translationally-feasible avenue for developing orally-active small molecule, α-Klotho-enhancing clinical interventions. Furthermore, urinary α-Klotho may prove to be a useful test for following treatments in senolytic clinical trials. FUNDING This work was supported by National Institute of Health grants AG013925 (J.L.K.), AG062413 (J.L.K., S.K.), AG044271 (N.M.), AG013319 (N.M.), and the Translational Geroscience Network (AG061456: J.L.K., T.T., N.M., S.B.K., S.K.), Robert and Arlene Kogod (J.L.K.), the Connor Group (J.L.K.), Robert J. and Theresa W. Ryan (J.L.K.), and the Noaber Foundation (J.L.K.). The previous IPF clinical trial was supported by the Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Centers at WFSM (AG021332: J.N.J., S.B.K.), UTHSCA (AG044271: A.M.N.), and the Translational Geroscience Network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhu
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA,Corresponding authors at: Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | | | - Erin O. Wissler Gerdes
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Tamar Pirtskhalava
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Nino Giorgadze
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Utkarsh Tripathi
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Christina L. Inman
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kurt O. Johnson
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ailing Xue
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Allyson K. Palmer
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Tingjun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kalli Schaefer
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jamie N. Justice
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Anoop M. Nambiar
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio and South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Nicolas Musi
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio and Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Stephen B. Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Internal Medicine, Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Jun Chen
- Division of Computational Biology, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Sundeep Khosla
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Diana Jurk
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Marissa J. Schafer
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Tamar Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - James L. Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA,Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA,Corresponding authors at: Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., S.W., Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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ADAM and ADAMTS disintegrin and metalloproteinases as major factors and molecular targets in vascular malfunction and disease. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2022; 94:255-363. [PMID: 35659374 PMCID: PMC9231755 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase (ADAM) and A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs (ADAMTS) are two closely related families of proteolytic enzymes. ADAMs are largely membrane-bound enzymes that act as molecular scissors or sheddases of membrane-bound proteins, growth factors, cytokines, receptors and ligands, whereas ADAMTS are mainly secreted enzymes. ADAMs have a pro-domain, and a metalloproteinase, disintegrin, cysteine-rich and transmembrane domain. Similarly, ADAMTS family members have a pro-domain, and a metalloproteinase, disintegrin, and cysteine-rich domain, but instead of a transmembrane domain they have thrombospondin motifs. Most ADAMs and ADAMTS are activated by pro-protein convertases, and can be regulated by G-protein coupled receptor agonists, Ca2+ ionophores and protein kinase C. Activated ADAMs and ADAMTS participate in numerous vascular processes including angiogenesis, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, vascular cell apoptosis, cell survival, tissue repair, and wound healing. ADAMs and ADAMTS also play a role in vascular malfunction and cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, heart failure, peripheral artery disease, and vascular aneurysm. Decreased ADAMTS13 is involved in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and microangiopathies. The activity of ADAMs and ADAMTS can be regulated by endogenous tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases and other synthetic small molecule inhibitors. ADAMs and ADAMTS can be used as diagnostic biomarkers and molecular targets in cardiovascular disease, and modulators of ADAMs and ADAMTS activity may provide potential new approaches for the management of cardiovascular disorders.
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11
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Phosphate, Calcium, and Vitamin D: Key Regulators of Fetal and Placental Development in Mammals. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1354:77-107. [PMID: 34807438 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-85686-1_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Normal calcium and bone homeostasis in the adult is virtually fully explained by the interactions of several key regulatory hormones, including parathyroid hormone, 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D3, fibroblast growth factor-23, calcitonin, and sex steroids (estradiol and testosterone). In utero, bone and mineral metabolism is regulated differently from the adult. During development, it is the placenta and not the fetal kidneys, intestines, or skeleton that is the primary source of minerals for the fetus. The placenta is able to meet the almost inexhaustible needs of the fetus for minerals by actively driving the transport of calcium and phosphorus from the maternal circulation to the growing fetus. These fundamentally important minerals are maintained in the fetal circulation at higher concentrations than those in maternal blood. Maintenance of these inordinately higher fetal levels is necessary for the developing skeleton to accrue sufficient minerals by term. Importantly, in livestock species, prenatal mineralization of the skeleton is crucial for the high levels of offspring activity soon after birth. Calcium is required for mineralization, as well as a plethora of other physiological functions. Placental calcium and phosphate transport are regulated by several mechanisms that are discussed in this review. It is clear that phosphate and calcium metabolism is intimately interrelated and, therefore, placental transport of these minerals cannot be considered in isolation.
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12
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Chen Z, Xiong L, Jin H, Yu J, Li X, Fu H, Wen L, Qi H, Tong C, Saffery R, Kilby MD, Baker PN. Advanced maternal age causes premature placental senescence and malformation via dysregulated α-Klotho expression in trophoblasts. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13417. [PMID: 34105233 PMCID: PMC8282245 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced maternal age (AMA) pregnancy is associated with higher risks of adverse perinatal outcomes, which may result from premature senescence of the placenta. α-Klotho is a well-known antiaging protein; however, its expression and effect on the placenta in AMA pregnancies have not yet been fully elucidated. The expression patterns of α-Klotho in mouse and human placentas from AMA pregnancies were determined by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. α-Klotho expression in JAR cells was manipulated to investigate its role in trophoblastic senescence, and transwell assays were performed to assess trophoblast invasion. The downstream genes regulated by α-Klotho in JAR cells were first screened by mRNA sequencing in α-Klotho-knockdown and control JAR cells and then validated. α-Klotho-deficient mice were generated by injecting klotho-interfering adenovirus (Ad-Klotho) via the tail vein on GD8.5. Ablation of α-Klotho resulted in not only a senescent phenotype and loss of invasiveness in JAR cells but also a reduction in the transcription of cell adhesion molecule (CAM) genes. Overexpression of α-Klotho significantly improved invasion but did not alter the expression of senescence biomarkers. α-Klotho-deficient mice exhibited placental malformation and, consequently, lower placental and fetal weights. In conclusion, AMA results in reduced α-Klotho expression in placental trophoblasts, therefore leading to premature senescence and loss of invasion (possibly through the downregulation of CAMs), both of which ultimately result in placental malformation and adverse perinatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- Department of ObstetricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing MunicipalityChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Liling Xiong
- Department of ObstetricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing MunicipalityChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Huili Jin
- Department of ObstetricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing MunicipalityChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Jiaxiao Yu
- Department of ObstetricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing MunicipalityChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xin Li
- Department of ObstetricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing MunicipalityChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Huijia Fu
- Department of ObstetricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing MunicipalityChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Li Wen
- Department of ObstetricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing MunicipalityChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Department of ObstetricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing MunicipalityChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Chao Tong
- Department of ObstetricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing MunicipalityChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Richard Saffery
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Cancer, Disease and Developmental epigenetics, Murdoch Children's Research InstituteRoyal Children's HospitalMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Mark D. Kilby
- Centre for Women's and Newborn HealthInstitute of Metabolism and Systems ResearchUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Philip N. Baker
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of Chinese Ministry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
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13
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Kanbay M, Demiray A, Afsar B, Covic A, Tapoi L, Ureche C, Ortiz A. Role of Klotho in the Development of Essential Hypertension. Hypertension 2021; 77:740-750. [PMID: 33423524 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.16635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Klotho has antiaging properties, and serum levels decrease with physiological aging and aging-related diseases, such as hypertension, cardiovascular, and chronic kidney disease. Klotho deficiency in mice results in accelerated aging and cardiovascular injury, whereas Klotho supplementation slows down the progression of aging-related diseases. The pleiotropic functions of Klotho include, but are not limited to, inhibition of insulin/IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor 1) and WNT (wingless-related integration site) signaling pathways, suppression of oxidative stress and aldosterone secretion, regulation of calcium-phosphate homeostasis, and modulation of autophagy with inhibition of apoptosis, fibrosis, and cell senescence. Accumulating evidence shows an interconnection between Klotho deficiency and hypertension, and Klotho gene polymorphisms are associated with hypertension in humans. In this review, we critically review the current understanding of the role of Klotho in the development of essential hypertension and the most important underlying pathways involved, such as the FGF23 (fibroblast growth factor 23)/Klotho axis, aldosterone, Wnt5a/RhoA, and SIRT1 (Sirtuin1). Based on this critical review, we suggest avenues for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Kanbay
- From the Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (M.K.), Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Atalay Demiray
- Department of Medicine (A.D.), Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Baris Afsar
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta Turkey (B.A.)
| | - Adrian Covic
- Department of Nephrology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine, Iasi, Romania (A.C., L.T., C.U.)
| | - Laura Tapoi
- Department of Nephrology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine, Iasi, Romania (A.C., L.T., C.U.)
| | - Carina Ureche
- Department of Nephrology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine, Iasi, Romania (A.C., L.T., C.U.)
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania (A.O.)
- IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Spain (A.O.)
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14
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Stenhouse C, Halloran KM, Newton MG, Gaddy D, Suva LJ, Bazer FW. Novel mineral regulatory pathways in ovine pregnancy: I. phosphate, klotho signaling, and sodium-dependent phosphate transporters. Biol Reprod 2021; 104:1084-1096. [PMID: 33624764 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Appropriate mineralization of the fetal skeleton requires an excess of phosphate in the fetus compared to the mother. However, mechanisms for placental phosphate transport are poorly understood. This study aimed to identify phosphate regulatory pathways in ovine endometria and placentae throughout gestation. Suffolk ewes were bred with fertile rams upon visual detection of estrus (Day 0). On Days 9, 12, 17, 30, 70, 90, 110, and 125 of pregnancy (n = 3-14/Day), ewes were euthanized and hysterectomized. Phosphate abundance varied across gestational days in uterine flushings, allantoic fluid, and homogenized endometria and placentae (P < 0.05). The expression of mRNAs for sodium-dependent phosphate transporters (SLC20A1 and SLC20A2) and klotho signaling mediators (FGF7, FGF21, FGF23, FGFR1-4, KL, KLB, ADAM10, and ADAM17) were quantified by qPCR. Day 17 conceptus tissue expressed SLC20A1, SLC20A2, KLB, FGF7, FGF21, FGF23, FGFR1, and FGFR2 mRNAs. Both sodium-dependent phosphate transporters and klotho signaling mediators were expressed in endometria and placentae throughout gestation. Gestational day influenced the expression of SLC20A1, ADAM10, ADAM17, FGF21, FGFR1, and FGFR3 mRNAs in both endometria and placentae (P < 0.05). Gestational day influenced endometrial expression of FGF7 (P < 0.001), and placental expression of FGF23 (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry confirmed that both FGF23 and KL proteins were expressed in endometria and placentae throughout gestation. The observed spatiotemporal profile of KL-FGF signaling suggests a potential role in the establishment of pregnancy and regulation of fetal growth. This study provides a platform for further mechanistic investigation into the role for KL-FGF signaling in the regulation of phosphate transport at the ovine maternal-conceptus interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Stenhouse
- Departments of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Katherine M Halloran
- Departments of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Makenzie G Newton
- Departments of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Dana Gaddy
- Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Larry J Suva
- Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Departments of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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15
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South AM, Shaltout HA, Gwathmey TM, Jensen ET, Nixon PA, Diz DI, Chappell MC, Washburn LK. Lower urinary α-Klotho is associated with lower angiotensin-(1-7) and higher blood pressure in young adults born preterm with very low birthweight. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2020; 22:1033-1040. [PMID: 32475043 DOI: 10.1111/jch.13897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Early-life factors including preterm birth and VLBW increase the risk of hypertension, but the mechanisms remain poorly understood. Reductions in the anti-aging protein α-klotho are associated with hypertension, possibly due to angiotensin (Ang) II activation, but the mechanisms are incompletely understood and clinical evidence is lacking. The association of α-klotho with the alternative Ang-(1-7) pathway, which counteracts Ang II to lower BP, is undescribed. We hypothesized that lower urinary α-klotho is associated with higher BP and lower urinary Ang-(1-7) in preterm-born VLBW young adults. In a cross-sectional analysis of data from a prospective cohort of 141 preterm-born VLBW young adults, we assessed the associations among urinary α-klotho/creatinine, Ang II/creatinine, Ang-(1-7)/creatinine, Ang II/Ang-(1-7), and BP using generalized linear models adjusted for age and hypertensive pregnancy and conducted a sensitivity analysis in 32 term-born young adults. Among those born preterm, lower α-klotho/creatinine was associated with higher systolic BP (adjusted β (aβ): -2.58 mm Hg, 95% CI -4.99 to -0.17), lower Ang-(1-7)/creatinine (ln aβ: 0.1, 0.04-0.16), and higher Ang II/Ang-(1-7) (ln aβ: -0.14, -0.21 to -0.07). In term-born participants, α-klotho/creatinine was inversely associated with Ang II/creatinine (ln aβ: -0.15, -0.27 to -0.03) and Ang II/Ang-(1-7) (ln aβ: -0.15, -0.27 to -0.03). In preterm-born young adults with VLBW, lower urinary α-klotho/creatinine was associated with higher SBP, lower urinary Ang-(1-7)/creatinine, and higher urinary Ang II/Ang-(1-7). Reduced renal α-klotho expression could lead to renal Ang-(1-7) suppression as a novel mechanism for the development of hypertension among individuals born preterm with VLBW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M South
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine and Brenner Children's Hospital, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Cardiovascular Sciences Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Surgery-Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hossam A Shaltout
- Cardiovascular Sciences Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - TanYa M Gwathmey
- Cardiovascular Sciences Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Surgery-Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Elizabeth T Jensen
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Patricia A Nixon
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine and Brenner Children's Hospital, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Debra I Diz
- Cardiovascular Sciences Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Surgery-Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mark C Chappell
- Cardiovascular Sciences Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Surgery-Hypertension and Vascular Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lisa K Washburn
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine and Brenner Children's Hospital, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Cardiovascular Sciences Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
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16
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Placental and serum levels of human Klotho in severe preeclampsia: A potential sensitive biomarker. Placenta 2019; 85:49-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2019.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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17
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Franklin AD, Saqibuddin J, Stephens K, Birkett R, Marsden L, Ernst LM, Mestan KK. Cord blood alpha klotho is decreased in small for gestational age preterm infants with placental lesions of accelerated aging. Placenta 2019; 87:1-7. [PMID: 31499336 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2019.08.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine growth restriction is often accompanied by placental vascular disease, of which histologic maternal vascular malperfusion is prominent. Maternal vascular malperfusion is characterized by accelerated villous maturation consistent with placental aging. Alpha klotho is an anti-aging protein produced by the placenta. We hypothesize that cord blood alpha klotho varies with maternal vascular malperfusion and small for gestational age infants through dysregulated angiogenesis. METHODS Nested case-control study of 54 preterm infants (N = 22 small for gestational age infants, 32 appropriate for gestational age infants, mean gestational age = 33.7 ± 2.7 weeks) and validation sample (N = 39) from a longitudinal birth cohort at Prentice Women's Hospital, Chicago, IL. Cord blood alpha klotho was measured via enzyme-linked immunoassay; concentrations were linked to multiplex data of cord blood angiogenic growth factors. RESULTS Median cord blood alpha klotho was decreased in small for gestational age infants (1200 [859, 2083] pg/mL) versus controls (3193 [1703, 3963] pg/mL; p < 0.01) and with severe maternal vascular malperfusion (1170 [760, 2645] pg/mL; P < 0.01), consistent with validation sample. Alpha klotho was decreased with maternal vascular malperfusion sublesions signifying accelerated villous maturation, including increased syncytial knots (1230 [805, 3606] pg/mL; p < 0.05) and distal villous hypoplasia (1170 [770, 3390] pg/mL; p < 0.05). Among 15 angiogenic markers, alpha klotho correlated directly with angiopoietin-2 (beta-coefficient = 2.6, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Cord blood alpha klotho is decreased with small for gestational infants and maternal vascular malperfusion sublesions of accelerated placental villous maturation, and correlated with angiopoietin-2. Alpha klotho may play a role in vascular-mediated accelerated placental aging leading to intrauterine growth restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Franklin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, 225 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Juanita Saqibuddin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, 225 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Kelli Stephens
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, 225 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Robert Birkett
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, 225 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Lily Marsden
- Utah State Office of the Medical Examiner, 4451 2700 W, Taylorsville, UT, 84129, USA
| | - Linda M Ernst
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 2560 Ridge Ave, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA
| | - Karen K Mestan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, 225 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
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18
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Effects of Klotho polymorphisms on Preeclampsia risk in a case-control study. Pregnancy Hypertens 2018; 13:95-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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19
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Iñiguez G, Gallardo P, Castro JJ, Gonzalez R, Garcia M, Kakarieka E, San Martin S, Johnson MC, Mericq V, Cassorla F. Klotho Gene and Protein in Human Placentas According to Birth Weight and Gestational Age. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:797. [PMID: 30697189 PMCID: PMC6340928 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Fetal growth restriction may be the consequence of maternal, fetal, or placental factors. The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are major determinants of fetal growth, and are expressed in the mother, fetus and placenta in most species. Previously we reported higher placental protein content of IGF-I, IGF-IR, and AKT in small (SGA) compared with those from appropriate for gestational age (AGA) placentas. The protein Klotho, has been reported in placenta and may regulate IGF-I activity. In this study we determined Klotho gene expression and protein immunostaining in term (T-SGA y T-AGA) and preterm (PT-SGA y PT-AGA) human placentas. In addition, we assessed the effect of Klotho on the IGF-IR and AKT activation induced by IGF-I. Methods: Placentas (n = 1 17) from 32 T-SGA (birth weight (BW) = -1.74 ± 0.08 SDS), 37 T-AGA (BW = 0.12 ± 0.12 SDS), 20 PT-SGA (BW = -2.08 ± 0.14 SDS), and 28 PT-AGA (BW = -0.43 ± 0.13 SDS) newborns were collected. mRNA expression by RT-PCR in the chorionic (CP) and basal (BP) plates of the placentas, and the presence of Klotho was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (integral optical density, IOD). In addition, we developed placental explants that were incubated with IGF-I in the presence or absence of Klotho. Results: We found a lower mRNA expression and protein immunoreactivity of Klotho in the CP of SGA (term and preterm) compared with AGA placentas. We also observed a significant reduction in IGF-IR tyrosine activation induced by IGF-I 10 nM when preincubated with 2.0 nM of Klotho (2.4 ± 0.5 arbitrary units vs. 1.3 ± 0.3 AU), and similar results we observed on AKT and ERK42/44 activation. Conclusion: We describe for the first time that Klotho mRNA and protein varies according to fetal growth and gestational age. In addition, Klotho appears to down-regulate the activation induced by IGF-I on IGF-IR and AKT, suggesting that Klotho may be regulating IGF-I activity in human placentas according to intrauterine fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germán Iñiguez
- School of Medicine, Maternal and Child Research Institute (IDIMI), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Germán Iñiguez
| | - Pedro Gallardo
- School of Medicine, Maternal and Child Research Institute (IDIMI), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Jose Castro
- School of Medicine, Maternal and Child Research Institute (IDIMI), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rene Gonzalez
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Mirna Garcia
- Neonatology Unit, San Borja Arriarán Clinical Hospital, Santiago, Chile
| | - Elena Kakarieka
- Pathology Unit, San Borja Arriarán Clinical Hospital, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastian San Martin
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Maria Cecilia Johnson
- School of Medicine, Maternal and Child Research Institute (IDIMI), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Verónica Mericq
- School of Medicine, Maternal and Child Research Institute (IDIMI), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando Cassorla
- School of Medicine, Maternal and Child Research Institute (IDIMI), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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20
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Olauson H, Mencke R, Hillebrands JL, Larsson TE. Tissue expression and source of circulating αKlotho. Bone 2017; 100:19-35. [PMID: 28323144 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
αKlotho (Klotho), a type I transmembrane protein and a coreceptor for Fibroblast Growth Factor-23, was initially thought to be expressed only in a limited number of tissues, most importantly the kidney, parathyroid gland and choroid plexus. Emerging data may suggest a more ubiquitous Klotho expression pattern which has prompted reevaluation of the restricted Klotho paradigm. Herein we systematically review the evidence for Klotho expression in various tissues and cell types in humans and other mammals, and discuss potential reasons behind existing conflicting data. Based on current literature and tissue expression atlases, we propose a classification of tissues into high, intermediate and low/absent Klotho expression. The functional relevance of Klotho in organs with low expression levels remain uncertain and there is currently limited data on a role for membrane-bound Klotho outside the kidney. Finally, we review the evidence for the tissue source of soluble Klotho, and conclude that the kidney is likely to be the principal source of circulating Klotho in physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Olauson
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Rik Mencke
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan-Luuk Hillebrands
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias E Larsson
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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21
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Broady AJ, Loichinger MH, Ahn HJ, Davy PMC, Allsopp RC, Bryant-Greenwood GD. Protective proteins and telomere length in placentas from patients with pre-eclampsia in the last trimester of gestation. Placenta 2017; 50:44-52. [PMID: 28161061 PMCID: PMC5654626 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2016.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Visfatin/nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt), an enzyme involved in energy metabolism and sirtuins, SIRT1 and SIRT3, which are NAD-dependent deacetylases, are critical for cellular function. All three either regulate or are regulated by intracellular NAD+ levels and therefore available cellular energy, important for placental cell survival and successful pregnancy. This study investigates whether these protective proteins are involved in the placental pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia (PE) and if they are associated with 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine (8OHdG), a marker of oxidative damage or with placental telomere length. METHODS Maternal blood and placental samples were collected from 31 patients with PE and 30 controls between 31 and 40 weeks gestation. Quantitative immunohistochemistry was performed on placental specimens for visfatin/Nampt, SIRT1, SIRT3, and nuclear 8OHdG. Plasma visfatin was measured by ELISA and telomere length by Southern blot analysis of telomere restriction fragments. RESULTS Visfatin/Nampt and SIRT1 in syncytiotrophoblast decreased in PE compared to controls (p < 0.0001, p = 0.004 respectively). SIRT3 decreased in PE most significantly at preterm (p = 0.002). 8OHdG was only significantly lower in preterm controls compared to term controls (p = 0.01) and correlated with SIRT1 in all samples (r = 0.27). Telomere length was not different in PE and controls. DISCUSSION Decreased visfatin/Nampt, SIRT1 and SIRT3 in syncytiotrophoblast in PE suggests a lack of placental reserve in metabolic energy efficiency, increased inflammation, and lower resistance to environmental stressors. However, there was little effect on nuclear function, or evidence of genomic DNA damage, which would lead to cellular senescence and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Autumn J Broady
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
| | - Matthew H Loichinger
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
| | - Hyeong Jun Ahn
- Office of Biostatistics and Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
| | - Philip M C Davy
- Department of Anatomy and Reproductive Biology, Institute for Biogenesis Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
| | - Richard C Allsopp
- Department of Anatomy and Reproductive Biology, Institute for Biogenesis Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
| | - Gillian D Bryant-Greenwood
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
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