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Álvarez-Sánchez A, Grinat J, Doria-Borrell P, Mellado-López M, Pedrera-Alcócer É, Malenchini M, Meseguer S, Hemberger M, Pérez-García V. The GPI-anchor biosynthesis pathway is critical for syncytiotrophoblast differentiation and placental development. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:246. [PMID: 38819479 PMCID: PMC11143174 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05284-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) biosynthetic pathway in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is crucial for generating GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs), which are translocated to the cell surface and play a vital role in cell signaling and adhesion. This study focuses on two integral components of the GPI pathway, the PIGL and PIGF proteins, and their significance in trophoblast biology. We show that GPI pathway mutations impact on placental development impairing the differentiation of the syncytiotrophoblast (SynT), and especially the SynT-II layer, which is essential for the establishment of the definitive nutrient exchange area within the placental labyrinth. CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of Pigl and Pigf in mouse trophoblast stem cells (mTSCs) confirms the role of these GPI enzymes in syncytiotrophoblast differentiation. Mechanistically, impaired GPI-AP generation induces an excessive unfolded protein response (UPR) in the ER in mTSCs growing in stem cell conditions, akin to what is observed in human preeclampsia. Upon differentiation, the impairment of the GPI pathway hinders the induction of WNT signaling for early SynT-II development. Remarkably, the transcriptomic profile of Pigl- and Pigf-deficient cells separates human patient placental samples into preeclampsia and control groups, suggesting an involvement of Pigl and Pigf in establishing a preeclamptic gene signature. Our study unveils the pivotal role of GPI biosynthesis in early placentation and uncovers a new preeclampsia gene expression profile associated with mutations in the GPI biosynthesis pathway, providing novel molecular insights into placental development with implications for enhanced patient stratification and timely interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Álvarez-Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Calle de Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Johanna Grinat
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paula Doria-Borrell
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Calle de Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maravillas Mellado-López
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Calle de Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Érica Pedrera-Alcócer
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Calle de Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Malenchini
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Calle de Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Salvador Meseguer
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Calle de Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Myriam Hemberger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Vicente Pérez-García
- Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Calle de Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain.
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.
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Yuan X, Liu X, Zhu F, Huang B, Lin L, Huang J, Wen L, Kilby MD, Baker PN, Fu Y, Wu W, Qi H, Tang J, Tong C. Endoplasmic reticulum stress impairs trophoblast syncytialization through upregulation of HtrA4 and causes early-onset preeclampsia. J Hypertens 2023; 41:2095-2106. [PMID: 37728094 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Syncytiotrophoblasts form via mononuclear cytotrophoblast fusion during placentation and play a critical role in maternal-fetal communication. Impaired syncytialization inevitably leads to pregnancy-associated complications, including preeclampsia. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is reportedly linked with preeclampsia, but little is known about its association with syncytialization. High temperature requirement factor A4 (HtrA4), a placental-specific protease, is responsible for protein quality control and placental syncytialization. This study aimed to investigate the relationship among HtrA4, ERS, and trophoblast syncytialization in the development of early-onset preeclampsia (EO-PE). METHODS HtrA4 expression and ERS in preeclamptic placentas and control placentas were analyzed by Western blotting and qRT-PCR. HtrA4 and ERS localization in placentas was determined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. BeWo cells were used to stimulate the effects of HtrA4 and ERS on syncytialization. RESULTS HtrA4 expression was upregulated in EO-PE and positively correlated with ERS. HtrA4 activity was increased in preeclampsia. Under normoxia, HtrA4 overexpression in BeWo cells did not alter the ERS level. In addition, treatment with hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) or an ERS inducer increased HtrA4 expression. HtrA4 upregulation suppressed the levels of syncytin-2 and β-HCG in the presence of forskolin (FSK), and this change was exaggerated after ERS activation. In addition, treatment with an ERS inhibitor markedly suppressed FSK-treated cell fusion in a manner related to downregulation of HtrA4 expression. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that ERS enables syncytialization of placental development by upregulating HtrA4, but that excessive HtrA4 expression and preexisting ERS impair syncytialization and cause EO-PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Xiyao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Fangyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Biao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Li Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Jiayu Huang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Mark D Kilby
- Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's & Children's Foundation Trust
- Institute of Metabolism & Systems Research, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham
| | - Philip N Baker
- College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Yong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Weiwei Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi
| | - Hongbo Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University
- Department of Obstetrics, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
| | - Jing Tang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine of Chongqing Municipality, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
- International Collaborative Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University
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Zhao ZC, Jiang MY, Huang JH, Lin C, Guo WL, Zhong ZH, Huang QQ, Liu SL, Deng HW, Zhou YC. Honokiol induces apoptosis-like death in Cryptocaryon irritans Tomont. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:287. [PMID: 37587480 PMCID: PMC10428556 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05910-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cryptocaryon irritans, a common parasite in tropical and subtropical marine teleost fish, has caused serious harm to the marine aquaculture industry. Honokiol was proven to induce C. irritans tomont cytoplasm shrinkage and death in our previous study, but the mechanism by which it works remains unknown. METHODS In this study, the changes of apoptotic morphology and apoptotic ratio were detected by microscopic observation and AnnexinV-FITC/PI staining. The effects of honokiol on intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) concentration, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), reactive oxygen species (ROS), quantity of DNA fragmentations (QDF) and caspase activities were detected by Fluo-3 staining, JC-1 staining, DCFH-DA staining, Tunel method and caspase activity assay kit. The effects of honokiol on mRNA expression levels of 61 apoptosis-related genes in tomonts of C. irritans were detected by real-time PCR. RESULTS The results of the study on the effects of honokiol concentration on C. irritans tomont apoptosis-like death showed that the highest levels of prophase apoptosis-like death rate (PADR), [Ca2+]i concentration, ROS, the activities of caspase-3/9 and the lowest necrosis ratio (NER) were obtained at a concentration of 1 μg/ml, which was considered the most suitable for inducing C. irritans tomont apoptosis-like death. When C. irritans tomonts were treated with 1 μg/ml honokiol, the [Ca2+]i concentration began to increase significantly at 1 h. Following this, the ROS, QDF and activities of caspase-3/9 began to increase significantly, and the ΔΨm began to decrease significantly at 2 h; the highest PADR was obtained at 4 h. The mRNA expression of 14 genes was significantly upregulated during honokiol treatment. Of these genes, itpr2, capn1, mc, actg1, actb, parp2, traf2 and fos were enriched in the pathway related to apoptosis induced by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. CONCLUSIONS This article shows that honokiol can induce C. irritans tomont apoptosis-like death. These results suggest that honokiol may disrupt [Ca2+]i homeostasis in ER and then induce C. irritans tomont apoptosis-like death by caspase cascade or mitochondrial pathway, which might represent a novel therapeutic intervention for C. irritans infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Chen Zhao
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Man-Yi Jiang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Hui Huang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
- Technology Center of Haikou Customs District, Haikou, 570105, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Lin
- Aquaculture Department, Hainan Agriculture School, Haikou, 571101, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Liang Guo
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhi-Hong Zhong
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Qin Huang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Long Liu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng-Wei Deng
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Can Zhou
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China.
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Elevated human placental heat shock protein 5 is associated with spontaneous preterm birth. Pediatr Res 2023:10.1038/s41390-023-02501-9. [PMID: 36788289 PMCID: PMC9926443 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02501-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Specific heat shock proteins are associated with pregnancy complications, including spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB). Placental proteomics and whole exome sequencing recently suggested an association between heat shock protein HSPA5 and uncomplicated SPTB. In the present study, we investigated the localization of and possible roles for HSPA5 in SPTB. METHODS Western blot was performed to validate the result from the previously published proteomic analysis. We used qPCR to assess mRNA expression of genes and immunohistochemistry and immunoelectron microscopy to examine localization of HSPA5 in placental tissue. We silenced the HSPA5 gene in the HTR8/SVneo human trophoblast cell line to investigate possible functions of HSPA5. RESULTS HSPA5 was upregulated in placentas from SPTBs compared to spontaneous term births. We did not observe upregulation of HSPA5 mRNA in placental samples. The protein was localized in placental trophoblast in both spontaneous preterm and term placentas. Gene silencing of HSPA5 in human trophoblast cell culture affected the inflammatory response and decreased the expression of several proinflammatory genes. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that upregulation of HSPA5 in the placenta is associated with spontaneous preterm labor. HSPA5 may promote the inflammatory response and alter the anti-inflammatory state of the placenta which could eventually lead to premature labor. IMPACT We validated upregulation of HSPA5 in placentas from spontaneous preterm birth. HSPA5 was not upregulated at transcriptional level which suggests that it may be regulated post-translationally. Silencing HSPA5 in a human trophoblast-derived cell line suggested that HSPA5 promotes expression of proinflammatory cytokines. The emerging inflammation could lead to spontaneous preterm labor. Identifying inflammatory pathways and factors associated with spontaneous preterm birth increases knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of premature labor. This could provide cues to predict imminent premature labor and lead to information about how to safely maintain pregnancies.
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Chen Y, Liu X, Li L, He X, Zheng F, Zhang Y, Gao H, Jin Z, Wu D, Wang Q, Tao H, Zhao Y, Liu W, Zou L. Methyltransferase-like 3 aggravates endoplasmic reticulum stress in preeclampsia by targeting TMBIM6 in YTHDF2-dependent manner. Mol Med 2023; 29:19. [PMID: 36747144 PMCID: PMC9901113 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00604-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the increasing morbidity and mortality of preeclampsia (PE), it has posed a huge challenge to public health. Previous studies have reported endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress could contribute to trophoblastic dysfunction which was associated with the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification by methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), resulting in PE. However, little was known about the relationship between METTL3 and ER stress in PE. Thus, in vitro and in vivo studies were performed to clarify the mechanism about how METTL3 affects the trophoblasts under ER stress in PE and to explore a therapeutic approach for PE. METHODS An ER stress model in HTR-8/SVneo cells and a preeclamptic rat model were used to study the mechanism and explore a therapeutic approach for PE. Western blot, immunohistochemistry, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP)-qPCR were performed to detect the protein, RNA, and methylated transmembrane BAX inhibitor motif containing 6 (TMBIM6) expression levels. The m6A colorimetric and mRNA stability assays were used to measure the m6A levels and TMBIM6 stability, respectively. Short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) were used to knockdown METTL3 and YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 2 (YTHDF2). Flow cytometry and Transwell assays were performed to evaluate the apoptosis and invasion abilities of trophoblasts. RESULTS Upregulated METTL3 and m6A levels and downregulated TMBIM6 levels were observed in preeclamptic placentas under ER stress. The ER stress model was successfully constructed, and knockdown of METTL3 had a beneficial effect on HTR-8/SVneo cells under ER stress as it decreased the levels of methylated TMBIM6 mRNA. Moreover, overexpression of TMBIM6 was beneficial to HTR-8/SVneo cells under ER stress as it could neutralize the harmful effects of METTL3 overexpression. Similar to the knockdown of METTL3, downregulation of YTHDF2 expression resulted in the increased expression and mRNA stability of TMBIM6. Finally, improved systemic symptoms as well as protected placentas and fetuses were demonstrated in vivo. CONCLUSIONS METTL3/YTHDF2/TMBIM6 axis exerts a significant role in trophoblast dysfunction resulting in PE while inhibiting METTL3 may provide a novel therapeutic approach for PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Chen
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Lun Li
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Xiyang He
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Fanghui Zheng
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Yang Zhang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Hui Gao
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Zhishan Jin
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Di Wu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Qianhua Wang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Hui Tao
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Yin Zhao
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Weifang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Li Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Upregulation of Glutaminyl Cyclase Contributes to ERS-Induced Apoptosis in PC12 Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:4154697. [PMID: 36479306 PMCID: PMC9722295 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4154697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glutaminyl cyclase (QC) is responsible for converting the N-terminal glutaminyl and glutamyl of the proteins into pyroglutamate (pE) through cyclization. It has been confirmed that QC catalyzes the formation of neurotoxic pE-modified Aβ in the brain of AD patients. But the effects of upregulated QC in diverse diseases have not been much clear until recently. Here, RNA sequencing was applied to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in PC12 cells with QC overexpressing or knockdown. A total of 697 DEGs were identified in QC overexpressing cells while only 77 in QC knockdown cells. Multiple bioinformatic approaches revealed that the DEGs in QC overexpressing group were enriched in endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) related signaling pathways. The gene expression patterns of 23 DEGs were confirmed by RT-qPCR, in which the genes related to ERS showed the highest consistency. We also revealed the protein levels of GRP78, PERK, CHOP, and PARP-1, and caspase family was significantly upregulated by overexpressing QC. Moreover, overexpressing QC significantly increased apoptosis of PC12 cells in a time dependent manner. However, no significant alteration was observed in QC knockdown cells. Therefore, our study indicated that upregulated QC could induce ERS and apoptosis, which consequently trigger diseases by catalyzing the generation of pE-modified mediators.
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Ni W, Gao H, Wu B, Zhao J, Sun J, Song Y, Sun Y, Yang H. Gestational Exposure to Cyfluthrin through Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress-Mediated PERK Signaling Pathway Impairs Placental Development. TOXICS 2022; 10:733. [PMID: 36548566 PMCID: PMC9783295 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10120733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cyfluthrin, a typical type II pyrethroid pesticide, is widely used in house hygiene and agricultural pest control. Several epidemiological investigations have found that maternal pyrethroid exposure is connected to adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Thus, we evaluated the effect of cyfluthrin exposure during pregnancy on placenta development in vivo. In the current study, Pregnant SD rats were randomly divided into four groups and administered 6.25, 12.5, and 25 mg/kg body weight cyfluthrin or an equivalent volume of corn oil by gavage from GD0 to GD19. The results have shown that gestational exposure to cyfluthrin exerted no effect on the fetal birth defect, survival to PND4, or fetal resorption and death. However, live fetuses and implantation sites significantly decreased in the high-dose cyfluthrin-treated group. Moreover, a significant reduction in placenta weight and diameter was observed in rats. Correspondingly, the fetal weight and crown-rump length from dams exposed to cyfluthrin were reduced. Cyfluthrin-treat groups, the total area of the placenta, spongiotrophoblast area, and labyrinth area had abnormal changes. Meanwhile, the area of blood sinusoid and CD34-positive blood vessel numbers in the placenta were considerably reduced, as well as abnormal expression of placental pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors in dams exposed to cyfluthrin. Further observation by transmission electron microscopy revealed significant changes in the ultrastructure of the medium-dose and high-dose groups. Additional experiments showed gestational exposure to cyfluthrin inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of placentas, as decreased PCNA-positive cells and increased TUNEL-positive cells. Furthermore, western blot and qPCR analysis revealed that gestational exposure to medium-dose and high-dose cyfluthrin increased the expression of GRP78, and three downstream mRNA and proteins (p-eIF2α, ATF4, and CHOP) of the PERK signaling, indicating that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated PERK/eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP signaling pathway in rat placentas was activated. Our study demonstrated that gestational exposure to cyfluthrin leads to placental developmental disorder, which might be associated with ER stress-mediated PERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensi Ni
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Haoxuan Gao
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Bing Wu
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Ji Zhao
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Jian Sun
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Yanan Song
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Yiping Sun
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Huifang Yang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750001, China
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8
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Hu B, Li D, Tang D, Shangguan Y, Cao Y, Guo R, Luan S, Yun C, Morgera S, Hocher B, Krämer BK, Wang Y, Yin L, Dai Y. Integrated proteome and acetylome analyses unveil protein features of gestational diabetes mellitus and preeclampsia. Proteomics 2022; 22:e2200124. [PMID: 36097143 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preeclampsia (PE) are associated with maternal and infant health. Although the pathogenesis of PE and GDM remains controversial, oxidative stress is involved in the underlying pathology of GDM and PE. Protein lysine acetylation (Kac) plays an important regulatory role in biological processes. There is little data regarding the association of the maternal acetylome with GDM and PE. This study aimed to assess the potential value of the proteome and acetylome for GDM and PE. In our study, we included placental tissues from healthy individuals (n = 6), GDM patients (n = 6), and PE patients (n = 6) to perform 4D-label free quantification proteomics analysis and PRM analysis. We identified 22 significantly regulated proteins and 192 significantly regulated acetylated proteins between the GDM and PE groups. Furthermore, 192 significantly regulated acetylated proteins were mainly enriched in endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and ferroptosis pathways. Seventeen acetylated sites in these two pathways were verified by PRM analysis. Our comprehensive analysis revealed key features of GDM/PE-significantly regulated acetylated proteins in the placentas from GDM and PE. The results of signaling pathway analysis focused on ERS and ferroptosis. These findings may help explore the underlying pathology, new biomarkers, and therapeutic targets of GDM and PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biying Hu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Guangdong Clinical Medical Research Center of Birth Defects, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Institute of Nephrology and Blood Purification, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Guangdong Clinical Medical Research Center of Birth Defects, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Donge Tang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Guangdong Clinical Medical Research Center of Birth Defects, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Shangguan
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Guangdong Clinical Medical Research Center of Birth Defects, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuzhi Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruonan Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaodong Luan
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Guangdong, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen Yun
- Charité -Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany.,Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Berthold Hocher
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bernhard K Krämer
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yinglan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lianghong Yin
- Institute of Nephrology and Blood Purification, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Dai
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Guangdong Clinical Medical Research Center of Birth Defects, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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9
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Zhou C, Ding Y, Yu L, Nie Y, Yang M. Melatonin regulates proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of trophoblasts in preeclampsia by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress. Am J Reprod Immunol 2022; 88:e13585. [PMID: 35716034 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Clinical evidence indicated the activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in pregnant women with preeclampsia (PE), and the regulatory role of melatonin (MT) in ERS. This study aims to explore the possible effect and mechanism of MT on ERS and on the infiltration of trophoblasts in PE. METHODS The serum expression levels of MT and GRP78 in pregnant women with PE were measured. The cell proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis of trophoblasts were also determined. The trophoblast cell infiltration in placenta tissues was detected in EVOS image system. The expressions of ERS related proteins were measured by RT-qPCR and western blot. KEY RESULTS The PE-serum treatment on HTR-8/SVneo cells led to activated ERS and suppressed cell biological functions. PE mouse models after MT treatment or 4-PBA treatment had reduced blood pressure, proteinuria, apoptosis and increased foetus and placenta weight, in addition to enhanced cell infiltration. CONCLUSIONS In vivo and in vitro evidence demonstrated MT can simultaneously suppress ERS and ASK1/JNK signal pathway in PE to promote the infiltration of trophoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chufan Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiling Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanting Nie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyuan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
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10
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Trinh QD, Takada K, Pham NTK, Takano C, Namiki T, Ikuta R, Hayashida S, Okitsu S, Ushijima H, Komine-Aizawa S, Hayakawa S. Enhancement of Rubella Virus Infection in Immortalized Human First-Trimester Trophoblasts Under Low-Glucose Stress Conditions. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:904189. [PMID: 35875557 PMCID: PMC9304883 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.904189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rubella virus (RuV) infections in pregnant women, especially first-trimester infections, can lead to congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). However, the mechanisms of fetal RuV infection are not completely understood, and it is not observed in every pregnant woman infected with RuV. As gestational diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for congenital viral infections, we investigated the possible roles of hypoglycemia-related endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress as a key factor for vertical RuV infection using immortalized human first-trimester trophoblasts. Low-glucose stress was induced prior to RuV infection by culturing HTR-8/SVneo and Swan.71 cells in low-glucose (LG) medium for 24 h or high-glucose medium for 6 h and then LG medium for an additional 18 h. Clinically isolated RuV was inoculated at a multiplicity of infection of 5 to 10. The intracellular localization of the RuV capsid protein was investigated 24 to 48 h post-infection (pi) with flow cytometry (FCM) analysis and fluorescence microscopy. Viral progeny production was monitored by FCM analysis. Increases in RuV infection in LG-induced ER-stressed trophoblasts were observed. No significant increase in apoptosis of RuV-infected cells was noted at days 2 and 5 pi, and substantial viral progeny production was observed until day 5 pi. An approximate fivefold increase in viral binding was noted for the LG-stressed cells. Although the detailed mechanisms underlying viral entry into LG-stressed cells are not known and require further investigation, these findings suggest that a certain degree of LG stress in early pregnancy may facilitate infection and cause CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Duy Trinh
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Takada
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ngan Thi Kim Pham
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chika Takano
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Ryo Ikuta
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shoko Okitsu
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ushijima
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shihoko Komine-Aizawa
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Shihoko Komine-Aizawa,
| | - Satoshi Hayakawa
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Satoshi Hayakawa,
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11
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Yart L, Bastida-Ruiz D, Allard M, Dietrich PY, Petignat P, Cohen M. Linking unfolded protein response to ovarian cancer cell fusion. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:622. [PMID: 35672715 PMCID: PMC9172076 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09648-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) have been observed in epithelial ovarian tumors. They can resist antimitotic drugs, thus participating in tumor maintenance and recurrence. Although their origin remains unclear, PGCC formation seems to be enhanced by conditions that trigger the unfolded protein response (UPR) such as hypoxia or chemotherapeutic drugs like paclitaxel. Hypoxia has been shown to promote the formation of ovarian PGCCs by cell fusion. We thus hypothesized that the UPR could be involved in EOC cell fusion, possibly explaining the occurrence of PGCCs and the aggressiveness of EOC. Methods The UPR was induced in two ovarian cancer cell lines (SKOV3 and COV318). The UPR activation was assessed by Western blot and polyploidy indexes were calculated. Then, to confirm the implication of cell fusion in PGCC formation, two populations of SKOV3 cells were transfected with plasmids encoding for two distinct nuclear fluorescent proteins (GFP and mCherry) associated with different antibiotic resistance genes, and the two cell populations were mixed in co-culture. The co-culture was submitted to a double-antibiotic selection. The resulting cell population was characterized for its morphology, cyclicity, and proliferative and tumorigenic capacities, in addition to transcriptomic characterization. Results We demonstrated that cell fusion could be involved in the generation of ovarian PGCCs and this process was promoted by paclitaxel and the UPR activation. Double-antibiotic treatment of PGCCs led to the selection of a pure population of cells containing both GFP- and mCherry-positive nuclei. Interestingly, after 3 weeks of selection, we observed that these cells were no longer polynucleated but displayed a single nucleus positive for both fluorescent proteins, suggesting that genetic material mixing had occurred. These cells had reinitiated their normal cell cycles, acquired an increased invasive capacity, and could form ovarian tumors in ovo. Conclusions The UPR activation increased the in vitro formation of PGCCs by cell fusion, with the newly generated cells further acquiring new properties. The UPR modulation in ovarian cancer patients could represent an interesting therapeutic strategy to avoid the formation of PGCCs and therefore limit cancer relapse and drug resistance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09648-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Yart
- Center for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel Servet 1, CH-1206, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel Servet 1, CH-1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Bastida-Ruiz
- Center for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel Servet 1, CH-1206, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel Servet 1, CH-1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mathilde Allard
- Center for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel Servet 1, CH-1206, Geneva, Switzerland.,Present address: Research Center of Cancerology and Immunology Nantes-Angers, Department of Biology, University of Nantes, FR-44035, Nantes, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Dietrich
- Center for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel Servet 1, CH-1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Petignat
- Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel Servet 1, CH-1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marie Cohen
- Center for Translational Research in Onco-Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel Servet 1, CH-1206, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel Servet 1, CH-1206, Geneva, Switzerland.
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12
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Castro KR, Prado KM, Lorenzon AR, Hoshida MS, Alves EA, Francisco RPV, Zugaib M, Marques ALX, Silva ECO, Fonseca EJS, Borbely AU, Veras MM, Bevilacqua E. Serum From Preeclamptic Women Triggers Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway and Expression of Angiogenic Factors in Trophoblast Cells. Front Physiol 2022; 12:799653. [PMID: 35185601 PMCID: PMC8855099 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.799653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive disease of pregnancy-associated with placental cell death and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. It is unknown whether systemic factors aggravate placental dysfunction. We investigated whether serum factors in pregnant women with PE activate ER stress and unfolded protein responses (UPRs) in placental explants and trophoblast cells lineage. We cultured placental explants from third-trimester term placentas from control non-preeclamptic (NPE) pregnant women with serum from women with PE or controls (NPE). In PE-treated explants, there was a significant increase in gene expression of GADD34, CHOP, and SDF2. At the protein level, GRP78, SDF2, p-eIF2α, and p-eIF2α/eIF2α ratio were also augmented in treated explants. Assays were also performed in HTR8/SV-neo trophoblast cell line to characterize the putative participation of trophoblast cells. In PE serum-treated protein levels of p-eIF2a and the ratio p-elF2 α/elF2α increased after 12 h of treatment, while the gene expression of GADD34, ATF4, and CHOP was greater than control. Increased expression of SDF2 was also detected after 24 h-cultured HTR8/SV-neo cells. PE serum increased sFLT1 gene expression and decreased PlGF gene expression in placental explants. Morphologically, PE serum increased the number of syncytial knots and reduced placental cell metabolism and viability. Analysis of the serum of pregnant women with PE through Raman spectroscopy showed changes in amino acids, carotenoids, lipids, and DNA/RNA, which may be associated with the induction of ER stress found in chorionic villi treated with this serum. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that the serum of pregnant women with PE may impact placental villi changing its morphology, viability, and secreted functional factors while triggers ER stress and an UPR. The differences between PE and control sera include molecules acting as inducing factors in these processes. In summary, the results obtained in our assays suggest that after the development of PE, the serum profile of pregnant women may be an additional factor that feeds a continuous imbalance of placental homeostasis. In addition, this study may expand the possibilities for understanding the pathogenesis of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla R. Castro
- Laboratory for Studies in Maternal-Fetal Interactions and Placenta, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karen M. Prado
- Laboratory for Studies in Maternal-Fetal Interactions and Placenta, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline R. Lorenzon
- Laboratory for Studies in Maternal-Fetal Interactions and Placenta, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Huntington Medicina Reprodutiva—Eugin Group, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mara S. Hoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo – HCFMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eliane A. Alves
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo – HCFMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rossana P. V. Francisco
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo – HCFMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Zugaib
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo – HCFMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aldilane L. X. Marques
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Health and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | - Elaine C. O. Silva
- Optics and Nanoscopy Group, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | - Eduardo J. S. Fonseca
- Optics and Nanoscopy Group, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | - Alexandre U. Borbely
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Health and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil
| | - Mariana M. Veras
- Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Estela Bevilacqua
- Laboratory for Studies in Maternal-Fetal Interactions and Placenta, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Estela Bevilacqua,
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13
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Oxidative stress-induced impairment of trophoblast function causes preeclampsia through the unfolded protein response pathway. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18415. [PMID: 34531444 PMCID: PMC8446002 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97799-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific disorder, characterized by hypertension and proteinuria. In PE, trophoblasts mediated inadequate remodeling of uterine spiral arteries seem to interrupt uteroplacental blood flow, one of the hallmarks in the early onset of PE (EO-PE). This, in turn, results in placental ischemia–reperfusion injury during hypoxia and reoxygenation episodes, leading to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress (OS). But still it is debatable if OS is a cause or consequence of PE. In this present study, we have investigated the effects of OS on PE placentae and trophoblast cell functions using BeWo and HTR8/SVneo cell lines. PE placental tissues showed abnormal ultrastructure, high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with altered unfolded protein responses (UPR) in compare with term placental tissues. Similar to PE placentae, during OS induction, the trophoblast cells showed altered invasion and migration properties with significantly variable expression of differentiation and invasion markers, e.g., syncytin and MMPs. The effect was rescued by antioxidant, N-acetyl cysteine, thereby implying a ROS-specific effect and in the trophoblast cells, OS triggers UPR pathway through IRE1α-XBP1 axis. Taken together, these findings highlight the harmful effect of unfolded protein response, which was induced due to OS on trophoblast cells and deformed invasion and differentiation programme and can be extended further to clinical settings to identify clinically approved antioxidants during pregnancy as a therapeutic measure to reduce the onset of PE.
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14
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Abstract
Tracing the early paths leading to developmental disorders is critical for prevention. In previous work, we detected an interaction between genomic risk scores for schizophrenia (GRSs) and early-life complications (ELCs), so that the liability of the disorder explained by genomic risk was higher in the presence of a history of ELCs, compared with its absence. This interaction was specifically driven by loci harboring genes highly expressed in placentae from normal and complicated pregnancies [G. Ursini et al., Nat. Med. 24, 792-801 (2018)]. Here, we analyze whether fractionated genomic risk scores for schizophrenia and other developmental disorders and traits, based on placental gene-expression loci (PlacGRSs), are linked with early neurodevelopmental outcomes in individuals with a history of ELCs. We found that schizophrenia's PlacGRSs are negatively associated with neonatal brain volume in singletons and offspring of multiple pregnancies and, in singletons, with cognitive development at 1 y and, less strongly, at 2 y, when cognitive scores become more sensitive to other factors. These negative associations are stronger in males, found only with GRSs fractionated by placental gene expression, and not found in PlacGRSs for other developmental disorders and traits. The relationship of PlacGRSs with brain volume persists as an anlage of placenta biology in adults with schizophrenia, again selectively in males. Higher placental genomic risk for schizophrenia, in the presence of ELCs and particularly in males, alters early brain growth and function, defining a potentially reversible neurodevelopmental path of risk that may be unique to schizophrenia.
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15
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Denkl B, Cordasic N, Huebner H, Menendez-Castro C, Schmidt M, Mocker A, Woelfle J, Hartner A, Fahlbusch FB. No evidence of the unfolded protein response in the placenta of two rodent models of preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. Biol Reprod 2021; 105:449-463. [PMID: 33955453 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and preeclampsia (PE) are associated with induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and increased placental endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Especially in PE, oxidative stress occurs relative to the severity of maternal vascular underperfusion (MVU) of the placental bed. On the premise that understanding the mechanisms of placental dysfunction could lead to targeted therapeutic options for human IUGR and PE, we investigated the roles of the placental UPR and oxidative stress in two rodent models of these human gestational pathologies. We employed a rat IUGR model of gestational maternal protein restriction, as well as an endothelial nitric oxide synthase knockout mouse model (eNOS-/-) of PE/IUGR. Placental expression of UPR members was analyzed via qRT-PCR (Grp78, Calnexin, Perk, Chop, Atf6, and Ern1), immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting (Calnexin, ATF6, GRP78, CHOP, phospho-eIF2α, and phospho-IRE1). Oxidative stress was determined via Western blotting (3-nitrotyrosine and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal). Both animal models showed a significant reduction of fetal and placental weight. These effects did not induce placental UPR. In contrast to human data, results from our rodent models suggest retention of placental plasticity in the setting of ER stress under an adverse gestational environment. Oxidative stress was significantly increased only in female IUGR rat placentas, suggesting a sexually dimorphic response to maternal malnutrition. Our study advances understanding of the involvement of the placental UPR in IUGR and PE. Moreover, it emphasizes the appropriate choice of animal models researching various aspects of these pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Denkl
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nada Cordasic
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hanna Huebner
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carlos Menendez-Castro
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marius Schmidt
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Mocker
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, Comprehensive Cancer Center EMN, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Joachim Woelfle
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrea Hartner
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabian B Fahlbusch
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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16
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Jee B, Dhar R, Singh S, Karmakar S. Heat Shock Proteins and Their Role in Pregnancy: Redefining the Function of "Old Rum in a New Bottle". Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:648463. [PMID: 33996811 PMCID: PMC8116900 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.648463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy in humans is a multi-step complex physiological process comprising three discrete events, decidualization, implantation and placentation. Its overall success depends on the incremental advantage that each of the preceding stages passes on to the next. The success of these synchronized sequels of events is an outcome of timely coordination between them. The pregnancy events are coordinated and governed primarily by the ovarian steroid hormones, estrogen and progesterone, which are essentially ligand-activated transcription factors. It's well known that intercellular signaling of steroid hormones engages a plethora of adapter proteins that participate in executing the biological functions. This involves binding of the hormone receptor complex to the DNA response elements in a sequence specific manner. Working with Drosophila melanogaster, the heat shock proteins (HSPs) were originally described by Ferruccio Ritossa back in the early 1960s. Over the years, there has been considerable advancement of our understanding of these conserved families of proteins, particularly in pregnancy. Accumulating evidence suggests that endometrial and uterine cells have an abundance of HSP27, HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90, implying their possible involvement during the pregnancy process. HSPs have been found to be associated with decidualization, implantation and placentation, with their dysregulation associated with implantation failure, pregnancy loss and other feto-maternal complications. Furthermore, HSP is also associated with stress response, specifically in modulating the ER stress, a critical determinant for reproductive success. Recent advances suggest a therapeutic role of HSPs proteins in improving the pregnancy outcome. In this review, we summarized our latest understanding of the role of different members of the HSP families during pregnancy and associated complications based on experimental and clinical evidences, thereby redefining and exploring their novel function with new perspective, beyond their prototype role as molecular chaperones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babban Jee
- Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Ruby Dhar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Subhradip Karmakar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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17
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Sepsis plasma-derived exosomal miR-1-3p induces endothelial cell dysfunction by targeting SERP1. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:347-365. [PMID: 33416075 PMCID: PMC7843403 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is the leading cause of death in sepsis patients. Exosomes participate in the occurrence and development of ALI by regulating endothelial cell inflammatory response, oxidative stress and apoptosis, causing serious pulmonary vascular leakage and interstitial edema. The current study investigated the effect of exosomal miRNAs on endothelial cells during sepsis. We found a significant increase in miR-1-3p expression in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) rats exosomes sequencing and sepsis patients' exosomes, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro. However, the specific biological function of miR-1-3p in ALI remains unknown. Therefore, mimics or inhibitors of miR-1-3p were transfected to modulate its expression in HUVECs. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, contraction, permeability, and membrane injury were examined via cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry, phalloidin staining, Transwell assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, and Western blotting. The miR-1-3p target gene was predicted with miRNA-related databases and validated by luciferase reporter. Target gene expression was blocked by siRNA to explore the underlying mechanisms. The results illustrated increased miR-1-3p and decreased stress-associated endoplasmic reticulum protein 1 (SERP1) expression both in vivo and in vitro. SERP1 was a direct target gene of miR-1-3p. Up-regulated miR-1-3p inhibits cell proliferation, promotes apoptosis and cytoskeleton contraction, increases monolayer endothelial cell permeability and membrane injury by targeting SERP1, which leads to dysfunction of endothelial cells and weakens vascular barrier function involved in the development of ALI. MiR-1-3p and SERP1 may be promising therapeutic candidates for sepsis-induced lung injury.
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18
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Fraichard C, Bonnet-Serrano F, Laguillier-Morizot C, Hebert-Schuster M, Lai-Kuen R, Sibiude J, Fournier T, Cohen M, Guibourdenche J. Protease Inhibitor Anti-HIV, Lopinavir, Impairs Placental Endocrine Function. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E683. [PMID: 33445576 PMCID: PMC7827556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protease Inhibitors (PI e.g., ritonavir (RTV) and lopinavir (LPV)) used to treat pregnant mothers infected by HIV induce prematurity and endocrine dysfunctions. The maintenance of pregnancy relies on placental hormone production (human Chorionic Gonadotrophin (hCG) and progesterone (P4)). Those functions are ensured by the villous trophoblast and are mainly regulated by the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) pathway and mitochondria. We investigated, in vitro, if PI impair hCG and P4 production and the potential intracellular mechanisms involved. Term villous cytotrophoblast (VCT) were cultured with or without RTV or LPV from 6 to 48 h. VCT differentiation into syncytiotrophoblast (ST) was followed measuring hCG and P4 secretion. We evaluated the expression of P4 synthesis partners (Metastatic Lymph Node 64 (MLN64), cholesterol side-chain cleavage (P450SCC), Hydroxy-delta-5-Steroid Dehydrogenase and 3 Beta-and steroid delta-isomerase 1 (HSD3B1)), of mitochondrial pro-fusion factors (Mitofusin 2 (Mfn2), Optic Atrophy 1 (OPA1)) and of UPR factors (Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 (GRP78), Activating Transcription Factor 4 (ATF4), Activating Transcription Factor 6 (ATF6), spliced X-box Binding Protein 1 (sXBP1)). RTV had no significant effect on hCG and P4 secretion, whereas lopinavir significantly decreased both secretions. LPV also decreased P450SCC and HSD3B1 expression, whereas it increased Mfn2, GRP78 and sXBP1 expression in ST. RTV has no effect on the endocrine placenta. LPV impairs both villous trophoblast differentiation and P4 production. It is likely to act via mitochondrial fusion and UPR pathway activation. These trophoblastic alterations may end in decreased P4 levels in maternal circulation, inducing prematurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Fraichard
- INSERM UMR-S 1139, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (C.F.); (C.L.-M.); (T.F.)
| | | | - Christelle Laguillier-Morizot
- INSERM UMR-S 1139, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (C.F.); (C.L.-M.); (T.F.)
- Service d’Hormonologie, CHU Cochin, HUPC, AP-HP, 75014 Paris, France;
| | - Marylise Hebert-Schuster
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Genève, 1206 Genève, Suisse; (M.H.-S.); (M.C.)
| | - René Lai-Kuen
- INSERM UMS 025—CNRS UMS 3612, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France;
| | - Jeanne Sibiude
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, CHU Louis Mourier, HUPN, AP-HP, 92700 Colombes, France;
| | - Thierry Fournier
- INSERM UMR-S 1139, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (C.F.); (C.L.-M.); (T.F.)
| | - Marie Cohen
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Genève, 1206 Genève, Suisse; (M.H.-S.); (M.C.)
| | - Jean Guibourdenche
- INSERM UMR-S 1139, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (C.F.); (C.L.-M.); (T.F.)
- Service d’Hormonologie, CHU Cochin, HUPC, AP-HP, 75014 Paris, France;
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MicroRNA-150 affects endoplasmic reticulum stress via MALAT1-miR-150 axis-mediated NF-κB pathway in LPS-challenged HUVECs and septic mice. Life Sci 2020; 265:118744. [PMID: 33181172 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory complication, which is the common cause of death in critical patients. This study aimed to evaluate the potential regulatory mechanisms of miR-150 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged HUVECs and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced septic mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were challenged with LPS. Pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs) were isolated from CLP-induced septic mice. The mRNA and protein levels of target molecules were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Apoptosis of HUVECs was determined by Annexin V/PI staining on a flow cytometry. The interaction between miR-150 and MALAT1 was assessed by luciferase reporter assay, RIP and RNA pull-down assay. KEY FINDINGS MiR-150 was downregulated in LPS-induced HUVECs. MiR-150 mimics restrained LPS-induced inflammatory response by reducing TNF-α and IL-6 levels, but increasing IL-10 level. Moreover, miR-150 mimics downregulated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins, GRP78 and CHOP levels in LPS-exposed HUVECs. Additionally, LPS-induced apoptosis was suppressed by miR-150 mimics via decreasing cleaved caspase-3 and Bax levels, while enhancing Bcl-2 level. Mechanistically, MALAT1 could competitively bind to miR-150. LPS-induced apoptosis, ER stress and inflammation were promoted by MALAT1 overexpression, but reversed by siMALAT1. Furthermore, miR-150 inhibitor strengthened LPS-induced apoptosis, ER stress and inflammation, which could be attenuated by siMALAT1 via regulating NF-κB pathway. Finally, agomiR-150 repressed ER stress and inflammatory response in PAECs isolated from septic mice via decreasing MALAT1 level. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings suggest that miR-150 affects sepsis-induced endothelial injury by regulating ER stress and inflammation via MALAT1-mediated NF-κB pathway.
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress occurs in association with the extrusion of toxic extracellular vesicles from human placentae treated with antiphospholipid antibodies. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:459-472. [PMID: 32068238 PMCID: PMC7056451 DOI: 10.1042/cs20191245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Antiphospholipid autoantibodies (aPLs), a major maternal risk factor for preeclampsia, are taken into the syncytiotrophoblast where they bind intracellular vesicles and mitochondria. Subsequently, large quantities of extracellular vesicles (EVs) extruded from syncytiotrophoblast into the maternal circulation are altered such that they cause maternal endothelial cell activation. However, the mechanism driving this change is unknown. First trimester placental explants were treated with aPL for 18 h. The EVs were then collected by different centrifugation. The levels of HSP 70, misfolded proteins, caspase 8 activity, and Mixed Lineage Kinase domain-Like (MLKL) were measured in placental explants and EVs. In addition, the levels of TNF-α and CD95 in conditioned medium were also measured. Treating placental explants with aPL caused an increase in levels of HSP 70, misfolded proteins and MLKL in placental explants and EVs. Increased activity of caspase 8 was also seen in placental explants. Higher levels of TNF-α were seen conditioned medium from aPL-treated placental explant cultures. aPLs appear to induce endoplasmic reticulum stress in the syncytiotrophoblast in a manner that involved caspase 8 and TNF-α. To avoid accumulation of the associated misfolded proteins and MLKL, the syncytiotrophoblast exports these potentially dangerous proteins in EVs. It is likely that the dangerous proteins that are loaded into placental EVs in preeclampsia contribute to dysfunction of the maternal cells.
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Bastida-Ruiz D, Wuillemin C, Pederencino A, Yaron M, Martinez de Tejada B, Pizzo SV, Cohen M. Activated α 2-macroglobulin binding to cell surface GRP78 induces trophoblastic cell fusion. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9666. [PMID: 32541810 PMCID: PMC7295802 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66554-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The villous cytotrophoblastic cells have the ability to fuse and differentiate, forming the syncytiotrophoblast (STB). The syncytialisation process is essential for placentation. Nevertheless, the mechanisms involved in cell fusion and differentiation are yet to be fully elucidated. It has been suggested that cell surface glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) was involved in this process. In multiple cancer cells, cell membrane-located GRP78 has been reported to act as a receptor binding to the active form of α2-macroglobulin (α2M*), activating thus several cellular signalling pathways implicated in cell growth and survival. We hypothesised that GRP78 interaction with α2M* may also activate signalling pathways in trophoblastic cells, which, in turn, may promote cell fusion. Here, we observed that α2M mRNA is highly expressed in trophoblastic cells, whereas it is not expressed in the choriocarcinoma cell line BeWo. We thus took advantage of forskolin-induced syncytialisation of BeWo cells to study the effect of exogenous α2M* on syncytialisation. We first demonstrated that α2M* induced trophoblastic cell fusion. This effect is dependent on α2M*-GRP78 interaction, ERK1/2 and CREB phosphorylation, and unfolded protein response (UPR) activation. Overall, these data provide novel insights into the signalling molecules and mechanisms regulating trophoblastic cell fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bastida-Ruiz
- Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christine Wuillemin
- Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aude Pederencino
- Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michal Yaron
- Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Begoña Martinez de Tejada
- Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Marie Cohen
- Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland.
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22
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The fine-tuning of endoplasmic reticulum stress response and autophagy activation during trophoblast syncytialization. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:651. [PMID: 31501418 PMCID: PMC6733854 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1905-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The syncytiotrophoblast (STB) is a multinuclear layer forming the outer surface of the fetal part of the placenta deriving from villous cytotrophoblastic cell (vCTB) fusion and differentiation. This syncytialization process is characterized by morphological and biochemical alterations of the trophoblast, which probably require removal of pre-existing structures and proteins to maintain cell homeostasis and survival. Interestingly, autophagy, which allows degradation and recycling of cellular components, was shown to be activated in syncytiotrophoblast. Here we examined the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) response in autophagy activation during vCTB syncytialization. We first demonstrated the activation of ERS response and autophagy during the time course of trophoblastic cell fusion and differentiation. Alteration of autophagy activation in vCTB by chemical treatments or Beclin-1 expression modulation leads to a decrease in trophoblastic syncytialization. Furthermore, ERS response inhibition by chemical treatment or siRNA strategy leads to a default in syncytialization, associated with alteration of autophagy markers and cell survival. From these data, we suggest that ERS response, by fine regulation of autophagy activation, may serve as an adaptive mechanism to promote cell survival during trophoblastic syncytialization.
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Lin L, Liu G, Yang L. Crocin Improves Cognitive Behavior in Rats with Alzheimer's Disease by Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Apoptosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:9454913. [PMID: 31534969 PMCID: PMC6732583 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9454913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of crocin on the learning and memory acquisition of AD rats and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS A total of 48 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, AD model group, resveratrol group, and crocin group, with 12 rats per group. AD model was established by injecting Aβ 25-35 to the lateral ventricle of rats, and thereafter the rats were administrated with resveratrol (40 mg/kg), crocin (40 mg/kg), or PBS daily for 14 days. Y-maze test and sucrose preference test were used to detect the learning and memory acquisition of rats. Neuronal apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining and Western blot for apoptosis-related proteins Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3. Immunofluorescence staining and Western blot tests were used to detect the expression of glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) in hippocampal CA1 region (Hippo) and prefrontal cortical neurons (PFC). RESULTS The learning and memory abilities of AD rats were significantly decreased, which was significantly rescued by resveratrol and crocin. The apoptotic cell number of Hippo and PFC neurons in AD model group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.01), while resveratrol and crocin significantly decreased the apoptotic cell number in AD group (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the expression of Bcl2 in PFC and hippo of AD model group was significantly decreased (P<0.01), while those of Bax, Caspase3, GRP78, and CHOP were significantly increased (P<0.01). Resveratrol and crocin could significantly reverse the expression of these proteins in AD rats (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Crocin can improve the learning and memory ability of AD rats possibly by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lin
- Department of Physiology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Guoliang Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Lina Yang
- Department of Physiology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou 450003, China
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24
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Nakashima A, Cheng SB, Kusabiraki T, Motomura K, Aoki A, Ushijima A, Ono Y, Tsuda S, Shima T, Yoshino O, Sago H, Matsumoto K, Sharma S, Saito S. Endoplasmic reticulum stress disrupts lysosomal homeostasis and induces blockade of autophagic flux in human trophoblasts. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11466. [PMID: 31391477 PMCID: PMC6685987 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47607-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is a stress factor culminating into mild endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which is necessary for placental development. However, excessive or chronic ER stress in pre-eclamptic placentas leads to placental dysfunction. The precise mechanisms through which excessive ER stress impacts trophoblasts are not well understood. Here, we showed that ER stress reduces the number of lysosomes, resulting in inhibition of autophagic flux in trophoblast cells. ER stress also disrupted the translocation of lysosomes to the surface of trophoblast cells, and inhibited lysosomal exocytosis, whereby the secretion of lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) into culture media was significantly attenuated. In addition, we found that serum LAMP1 and beta-galactosidase levels were significantly decreased in pre-eclampsia patients compared to normal pregnant women, potentially indicating lysosomal dysfunction through ER stress in pre-eclamptic placentas. Thus, we demonstrated that excessive ER stress essentially disrupts homeostasis in trophoblasts in conjunction with autophagy inhibition by lysosomal impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akitoshi Nakashima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shi-Bin Cheng
- Departments of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 101 Dudley street, Providence, RI, 02905, USA
| | - Tae Kusabiraki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Motomura
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, 157-8535, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aiko Aoki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Akemi Ushijima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yosuke Ono
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Sayaka Tsuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Tomoko Shima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Osamu Yoshino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Sago
- Center for Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, 157-8535, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsumoto
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, 157-8535, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Surendra Sharma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Shigeru Saito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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25
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Upadhyay A, Anjum B, Godbole NM, Rajak S, Shukla P, Tiwari S, Sinha RA, Godbole MM. Time-restricted feeding reduces high-fat diet associated placental inflammation and limits adverse effects on fetal organ development. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:415-421. [PMID: 31053302 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Maternal nutrition has become a major public health concern over recent years and is a known predictor of adverse long-term metabolic derangement in offspring. Time-restricted feeding (TRF), wherein food consumption is restricted to the metabolically active phase of the day, is a dietary approach that improves metabolic parameters when consuming a high-fat diet (HFD). Here, we tested whether TRF could reduce maternal HFD associated inflammation and thereby mitigate defects in fetal organ developmental. Female rats were kept on following three dietary regimens; Ad libitum normal chow diet (NCD-AL), Ad libitum HFD (HFD-AL) and Time-restricted fed HFD (HFD-TRF) from 5 months prior to mating and continued throughout pregnancy. Rat dams were sacrificed at embryonic day 18.5 (ED18.5) and placental tissues from these rats were processed for the analysis of cellular apoptosis, inflammatory cytokines (TNFα and IL-6), oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy. Furthermore, fetal hepatic triglyceride (TG) content and fetal lung maturation were assessed at ED18.5. Biochemical analysis revealed that HFD-TRF rat had significantly lower serum TG levels and body weight compared to HFD-AL rats. Additionally, TRF significantly blocked HFD-induced placental apoptosis and inflammation via minimizing cellular stress, and restoring autophagic flux. In addition, fetal hepatosteatosis and delayed fetal lung maturation induced by HFD was significantly ameliorated in HFD-TRF compared to HFD-AL. Collectively, our results suggest that reducing placental inflammation via TRF could prevent adverse fetal metabolic outcomes in pregnancies complicated by maternal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Upadhyay
- Dept. of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India; Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India
| | - B Anjum
- Dept. of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India; Dept of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Nachiket M Godbole
- Dept. of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Sangam Rajak
- Dept of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Pooja Shukla
- Dept of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Swasti Tiwari
- Dept. of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Rohit A Sinha
- Dept of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
| | - Madan M Godbole
- Dept. of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
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Lorenzon-Ojea AR, Yung HW, Burton GJ, Bevilacqua E. The potential contribution of stromal cell-derived factor 2 (SDF2) in endoplasmic reticulum stress response in severe preeclampsia and labor-onset. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1866:165386. [PMID: 30776414 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress occurs when the protein folding machinery in the cell is unable to cope with newly synthesized proteins, which results in an accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER lumen. In response, the cell activates a cellular signaling pathway known as the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), aiming to restore cellular homeostasis. Activation and exacerbation of the UPR have been described in several human pathologies, including cancer and neurological disorders, and in some gestational diseases such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes. This review explores the participation of stromal cell-derived factor 2 (SDF2) in UPR pathways, shows new information and discusses its exacerbation regarding protein expression in severe preeclampsia and labor, both of which are associated with ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline R Lorenzon-Ojea
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Hong Wa Yung
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Graham J Burton
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Estela Bevilacqua
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Kaya B, Turhan U, Sezer S, Bestel A, Okumuş ZG, Dağ İ, Erel Ö. Maternal serum TXNDC5 levels and thiol/disulfide homeostasis in preeclamptic pregnancies. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018; 33:671-676. [PMID: 30522366 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1557140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate thiol/disulfide homeostasis (TDH) and thioredoxin domain-containing 5 (TXNDC5) level in early and late-onset preeclampsia.Material and methods: In this cross-sectional study, 24 pregnant women with early-onset preeclampsia and 26 pregnant women with late-onset preeclampsia were compared with 30 pregnant women with no obstetric complications. The serum TXNDC5 levels and thiol/disulfide homeostasis were measured.Results: Serum TXNDC5 levels were significantly higher in the early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia groups compared with the control group (p < .05). Native thiol and total thiol levels were significantly lower in the early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia groups than control group. The disulfide levels were found as significantly high in early preeclamptic patients compared to control group (p < .05). The highest levels of TXNDC5 and the lowest levels of native thiol and total thiol were found in early-onset preeclampsia group. No significant difference was found between the patients with early onset and late onset preeclampsia regarding TXNDC5 levels and thiol/disulfide homeostasis (p > .05).Conclusion: Serum TXNDC5 levels were significantly higher in patients with early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia. The dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis was impaired in favor of the oxidized state in patients with preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Başak Kaya
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Health Sciences University, Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Uğur Turhan
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Health Sciences University, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Education and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Salim Sezer
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Health Sciences University, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Education and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Bestel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Health Sciences University, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Education and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Zihniye Gonca Okumuş
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Health Sciences University, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Education and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - İsmail Dağ
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Eyüp State Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Özcan Erel
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
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Feng Y, Lu Y, Liu D, Zhang W, Liu J, Tang H, Zhu Y. Apigenin-7-O-β-d-(-6″-p-coumaroyl)-glucopyranoside pretreatment attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via activating AMPK signaling. Life Sci 2018; 203:246-254. [PMID: 29705352 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Apigenin-7-O-β-d-(-6″-p-coumaroyl)-glucopyranoside (APG) was considered as the major active compound derived from Clematis tangutica. Though we have demonstrated that APG exerts cardioprotective effects, the mechanism of APG-mediated cardioprotection remains largely unknown. Numerous studies indicate that endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is a vital injury factor in myocardial ischemia reperfusion (MI/R). In this study, we mainly investigated whether modulation of the ERS and AMPK were involved in the cardioprotective action of APG during MI/R injury. MAIN METHODS The perfused isolated rat heart or primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes which exposed to APG with or else without the AMPK inhibitor Compound C was then subject to MI/R. After reperfusion, the degree of myocardial injury was assessed by using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, creatine kinase (CK) release, histological examination, and TTC staining. The protein expressions of p-AMPK, AMPK, p-PERK, PERK, p-eIF2α, eIF2α, CHOP, Bax, Bcl2 and Cleaved Caspase 3 were analyzed by western blot. The cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 kit while apoptosis assessed by using TUNEL assay. KEY FINDINGS Pretreatment of APG significantly improved cardiac function and suppressed ERS through activating the AMPK signaling pathway, which could simultaneously improve cardiac function, alleviate myocardial injury, increase the cell viability and decrease apoptosis. SIGNIFICANCE To conclude, APG ameliorates MI/R injury by activating the AMPK signaling pathway and relieving endoplasmic reticulum stress. APG may be a natural product with pharmacological preconditioning activity, which could do us a favor to develop more novel therapy methods to against MI/R injury in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingda Feng
- Institute of Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China; Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yunyang Lu
- Institute of Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, 210 Hospital of PLA, Dalian, Liaoning 116021, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Juntian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Haifeng Tang
- Institute of Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
| | - Yanrong Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China; Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
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Burton GJ, Jauniaux E. Pathophysiology of placental-derived fetal growth restriction. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2018; 218:S745-S761. [PMID: 29422210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.11.577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 518] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Placental-related fetal growth restriction arises primarily due to deficient remodeling of the uterine spiral arteries supplying the placenta during early pregnancy. The resultant malperfusion induces cell stress within the placental tissues, leading to selective suppression of protein synthesis and reduced cell proliferation. These effects are compounded in more severe cases by increased infarction and fibrin deposition. Consequently, there is a reduction in villous volume and surface area for maternal-fetal exchange. Extensive dysregulation of imprinted and nonimprinted gene expression occurs, affecting placental transport, endocrine, metabolic, and immune functions. Secondary changes involving dedifferentiation of smooth muscle cells surrounding the fetal arteries within placental stem villi correlate with absent or reversed end-diastolic umbilical artery blood flow, and with a reduction in birthweight. Many of the morphological changes, principally the intraplacental vascular lesions, can be imaged using ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging scanning, enabling their development and progression to be followed in vivo. The changes are more severe in cases of growth restriction associated with preeclampsia compared to those with growth restriction alone, consistent with the greater degree of maternal vasculopathy reported in the former and more extensive macroscopic placental damage including infarcts, extensive fibrin deposition and microscopic villous developmental defects, atherosis of the spiral arteries, and noninfectious villitis. The higher level of stress may activate proinflammatory and apoptotic pathways within the syncytiotrophoblast, releasing factors that cause the maternal endothelial cell activation that distinguishes between the 2 conditions. Congenital anomalies of the umbilical cord and placental shape are the only placental-related conditions that are not associated with maldevelopment of the uteroplacental circulation, and their impact on fetal growth is limited.
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