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de Mello T, Catrinck MN, Cipriano DF, Amaral HR, Hegedus CEN, Schmildt ER, Ferreira A, Dos Santos HO, Lopes JC, Otoni CG, Otoni WC, de Freitas JCC, Alexandre RS. Mannans: Structural carbohydrates produced during seed maturation in Euterpe edulis Martius, an Atlantic Forest species vulnerable to extinction. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131663. [PMID: 38636760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Palm seedlings are visually selected from mature fruits in a slow process that leads to nonuniform germination and high embryo mortality. In this study, we determined the levels of monosaccharides, their crystallinity, and their role in the formation of Euterpe edulis endosperm during seed maturation. Seeds harvested from 108 to 262 days after anthesis (DAA) were analyzed morphologically, physiologically, and chemically to measure soluble and insoluble lignins, ashes, structural carbohydrates, degree of crystallinity, and endo-β-mannanase. The seeds achieved maximum germination and vigor at 164 DAA. During the early stages, only compounds with a low structural order were formed. The contents of soluble and insoluble lignins, ashes, glucans, and galactans decreased during maturation. Those of mannans, the main structural carbohydrate in the endosperm, increased along with the degree of crystallinity, as suggested by a mannan-I-type X-ray diffraction pattern. Similarly, endo-β-mannanase activity peaked at 262 DAA. The superior physiological outcome of seeds and seedlings at 164 DAA implies a 98-day shorter harvesting time. The state of mannans during seed maturation could be used as a marker to improve seedling production by E. edulis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamyris de Mello
- Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Department of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Av. Gov. Lindemberg 316, Centro, 29550-000 Jerônimo Monteiro, ES, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Neves Catrinck
- Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Department of Agronomy, Alto Universitário s/n, 29500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Daniel Fernandes Cipriano
- Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Laboratory of Carbon and Ceramic Materials, Department of Physics, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, 29075-910 Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Heliane Rosa Amaral
- Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Laboratory of Carbon and Ceramic Materials, Department of Physics, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, 29075-910 Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Clovis Eduardo Nunes Hegedus
- Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Department of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Av. Gov. Lindemberg 316, Centro, 29550-000 Jerônimo Monteiro, ES, Brazil
| | - Edilson Romais Schmildt
- Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Norte Fluminense University Center, Department of Agrarian and Biological Sciences, Highway BR 101 Norte km 60, Litorâneo, 29932-540 São Mateus, ES, Brazil
| | - Adésio Ferreira
- Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Department of Agronomy, Alto Universitário s/n, 29500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | | | - José Carlos Lopes
- Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Department of Agronomy, Alto Universitário s/n, 29500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Caio Gomide Otoni
- Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washington Luís km 235, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Wagner Campos Otoni
- Federal University of Viçosa/UFV, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Department of Plant Biology, BIOAGRO, Av. PH Rolfs, s/n, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Jair Carlos Checon de Freitas
- Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Laboratory of Carbon and Ceramic Materials, Department of Physics, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, 29075-910 Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Sobreira Alexandre
- Federal University of Espírito Santo/UFES, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Department of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Av. Gov. Lindemberg 316, Centro, 29550-000 Jerônimo Monteiro, ES, Brazil
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Neto DFM, Nascimento JRS, Martins GR, Silva AS, Domont GB, Campos FAP, Nogueira FCS. Proteomic changes associated with the development of açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) seeds. Proteomics 2023; 23:e2200251. [PMID: 35861729 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) seeds are a rich source of mannans, which can be used to generate bioethanol or be converted to high-value D-mannose, in addition to being a source of polyphenols with beneficial health properties. Here, we present a quantitative proteome dataset of açaí seeds at four stages of development (S1, S2, S3, and S4 stages), in which 2465 high confidence proteins were identified and 524 of them show statistically different abundance profiles during development. Several enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of nucleotide-sugars were quantified, especially those dedicated to the formation of GDP-mannose, which showed an increase in abundance between stages S1 and S3. Our data suggest that linear mannans found abundantly in endosperm cell walls are initially deposited as galactomannans, and during development lose the galactosyl groups. Two isoforms of alpha-galactosidase enzymes showed significantly increased abundances in the S3 and S4 stages. Additionally, we quantified the enzymes participating in the central pathway of flavonoid biosynthesis responsible for the formation of catechin and epicatechin, which are subunits of procyanidins, the main class of polyphenols in the açaí seeds. These proteins showed the same pattern of deposition, in which higher abundances were seen in the S1 and S2 stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domingos F M Neto
- Department of Plant Science, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriel R Martins
- National Institute of Technology, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ayla S Silva
- National Institute of Technology, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gilberto B Domont
- Proteomic Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Francisco A P Campos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Fábio C S Nogueira
- Proteomic Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Laboratory of Proteomics/LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Insight of the Functional and Biological Activities of Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) Protein by Proteomics Analysis and Protein-Based Bioinformatics. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092987. [PMID: 35566340 PMCID: PMC9100645 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is one of the most critical economic crops in the tropics and sub-tropics. Although coconut protein has attracted more and more attention due to its nutritional potential, the lack of proteomic information has limited its practical application. The present study aimed to investigate the coconut meat proteome by shotgun proteomics and protein-based bioinformatic analysis. A grand total of 1686 proteins were identified by searching the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) protein database and self-constructed C. nucifera transcriptome repository. Among them, 17 and 9 proteins were identified as antioxidant proteins and globulins, respectively. Network analysis of the globulins referred to the sub-works of Cupin and Oleosin, and the antioxidant proteins were related to the sub-networks of glutathione metabolism and peroxisome. The bioactive peptides acquired by in-silico digestion of the targeted proteins have the potential to be applied as antioxidants and emulsifiers for both healthcare and food stabilization.
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